1
 
   
    AS FILED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION ON JANUARY 20, 1998
    
 
                                                      REGISTRATION NO. 333-40809
================================================================================
 
                       SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
                              WASHINGTON, DC 20549
                            ------------------------
   
                             AMENDMENT NO. 2 TO THE
    
                                    FORM S-3
                             REGISTRATION STATEMENT
                                     UNDER
                           THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
                            ------------------------
 
                                                    
                  KENNAMETAL INC.                                     KENNAMETAL FINANCING I
   (Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its          (Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its
                       Charter)                                              Charter)
                     25-0900168                                             52-2064104
      (I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)                (I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)
                    PENNSYLVANIA                                             DELAWARE
              (State of Incorporation)                               (State of Incorporation)
                                                                       c/o Kennametal Inc.
   Route 981 South at Westmoreland County Airport         Route 981 South at Westmoreland County Airport
                 Latrobe, PA 15650                                      Latrobe, PA 15650
                   (412) 539-5000                                         (412) 539-5000
(Address, including zip code, and telephone number,    (Address, including zip code, and telephone number,
   including area code, of registrant's principal         including area code, of registrant's principal
                 executive offices)                                     executive offices)
------------------------ DAVID T. COFER VICE PRESIDENT, SECRETARY AND GENERAL COUNSEL KENNAMETAL INC. ROUTE 981 SOUTH AT WESTMORELAND COUNTY AIRPORT LATROBE, PA 15650 (412) 539-5000 (Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service for each Registrant) ------------------------ COPIES TO: LEWIS U. DAVIS, JR., ESQ. VINCENT PAGANO, JR., ESQ. BUCHANAN INGERSOLL PROFESSIONAL CORPORATION RISE B. NORMAN, ESQ. 20TH FLOOR, ONE OXFORD CENTRE SIMPSON THACHER & BARTLETT 301 GRANT STREET 425 LEXINGTON AVENUE PITTSBURGH, PA 15219 NEW YORK, NY 10017 (412) 562-8800 (212) 455-2000
Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public: As soon as practicable after the effective date of this Registration Statement. If the only securities being registered on this Form are being offered pursuant to dividend or interest reinvestment plans, please check the following box. [ ] If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, other than securities offered only in connection with dividend or interest reinvestment plans, check the following box. [X] If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. [ ] If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. [ ] If delivery of the prospectus is expected to be made pursuant to Rule 434, please check the following box. [ ] ------------------------ THE REGISTRANT HEREBY AMENDS THIS REGISTRATION STATEMENT ON SUCH DATE OR DATES AS MAY BE NECESSARY TO DELAY ITS EFFECTIVE DATE UNTIL THE REGISTRANT SHALL FILE A FURTHER AMENDMENT WHICH SPECIFICALLY STATES THAT THIS REGISTRATION STATEMENT SHALL THEREAFTER BECOME EFFECTIVE IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION 8(a) OF THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 OR UNTIL THIS REGISTRATION STATEMENT SHALL BECOME EFFECTIVE ON SUCH DATE AS THE COMMISSION, ACTING PURSUANT TO SAID SECTION 8(a), MAY DETERMINE. ================================================================================ 2 PART II INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS ITEM 14. OTHER EXPENSES OF ISSUANCE AND DISTRIBUTION The following table sets forth the expenses incurred in connection with the sale and distribution of the securities being registered which will be paid solely by the Company. All the amounts shown are estimates, except the Commission registration fee and the listing fee. Commission Registration Fee............................................. $ 424,242 NYSE Listing Fee........................................................ 41,513 Blue Sky Fees and Expenses.............................................. 10,000 Transfer Agent, Trustee and Registrar Fees and Expenses................. 120,000 Accounting Fees and Expenses............................................ 425,000 Legal Fees and Expenses................................................. 700,000 Printing and Engraving Expenses......................................... 750,000 Rating Agency Fees...................................................... 600,000 Miscellaneous Expenses.................................................. 579,245 ---------- Total.............................................................. $3,650,000 =========
ITEM 15. INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS Subchapter D of Chapter 17 of the Pennsylvania Business Corporation Law (the "PBCL") provides in general that a corporation may indemnify any person, including its directors, officers and employees who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (including actions by or in the right of the corporation) by reason of the fact that he or she is or was a representative of or serving at the request of the corporation, against expenses (including attorney's fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by him or her in connection with the action or proceedings if he or she is determined by the board of directors, or in certain circumstances by independent legal counsel to the shareholders, to have acted in good faith and in a manner he or she reasonably believed to be in, or not opposed to, the best interests of the corporation and, with respect to any criminal proceeding, had no reason to believe his conduct was unlawful. In the case of actions by or in the right of the corporation, indemnification is not permitted in respect of any claim, issue or matter as to which the person has been adjudged to be liable to the corporation except to the extent a court determines that the person is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnification. In any case, to the extent that the person has been successful on the merits or otherwise in defense of any claim, issue or matter, he or she shall be indemnified against expenses (including attorney's fees) actually and reasonably incurred by him or her in connection therewith. Subchapter D also provides that the indemnification permitted or required by Subchapter D is not exclusive of any other rights to which a person seeking indemnification may be entitled. The Company's By-Laws provide that except as prohibited by law, every director and officer of the Company is entitled to be indemnified by the Company against reasonable expenses and any liability paid or incurred by such person in connection with any actual or threatened claim, action, suit or proceeding, civil, criminal, administrative, investigative or other in which he or she may be involved by reason of being or having been a Director or Officer of the Company or by reason that such person is or was serving at the request of the Company as a director, officer, employee, fiduciary or other representative of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other entity. Such indemnification includes the right to have expenses incurred paid in advance by the Company prior to final disposition, subject to such conditions as may be prescribed by law. Persons who are not directors or officers of the Company may be similarly indemnified in respect of service to the Company or to another such entity at the request of the Company, to the extent the Board of Directors designates. Expenses included fees and expenses of counsel selected by such person, and liability includes amount of judgments, excise taxes, fines and penalties, and amounts paid in settlement. Indemnification pursuant to this provision of the Company's By-laws is not permitted in any case in which the act or failure to act II-1 3 giving rise to the claim for indemnification is determined by a court to have constituted willful misconduct or recklessness. There may be other circumstances where indemnification may not be permitted as a matter of public policy. The By-Laws of the Company also provide that to the fullest extent that the laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, as now in effect or as hereafter amended, permit elimination of limitation of the liability of directors, no director of the Company shall be personally liable for monetary damages as such for any action taken, or any failure to take any action, as a director. Under Section 1713 of the PBCL, the personal liability of a director may not be eliminated or limited if: (1) the director has breached or failed to perform the duties of his office under Subchapter B of Chapter 17 of the PBCL (relating to the fiduciary duties of directors); and (2) the breach or failure to perform constitutes self-dealing, willful misconduct or recklessness. Furthermore, this limitation to the personal liability of directors of the Company does not apply to (1) the responsibility or liability of a director pursuant to any criminal statute; or (2) the liability of a director for the payment of taxes pursuant to local, state or federal law. The Company purchases director and officer liability insurance covering its directors and officers with respect to liability which they may incur in connection with their serving as such. Under the insurance, the Company will receive reimbursement for amounts as to which the directors and officers are indemnified under the Company's By-Laws. The insurance may also provide certain additional coverage for the directors and officers against certain liability even though such liability is not subject to indemnification under the Company's By-Laws. The Agreement of Trust, as amended (the "Declaration") for Kennametal Financing I (the "Trust"), provides that no Institutional Trustee or any of its Affiliates, Delaware Trustee or any of its Affiliates, or any officer, director, shareholder, member, partner, employee, representative, custodian, nominee or agent of the Institutional Trustee or the Delaware Trustee (each a "Fiduciary Indemnified Person"), and no Regular Trustee, Affiliate of any Regular Trustee, or any officer, director, shareholder, member, partner, employee, representative or agent of any Regular Trustee or any Affiliate thereof, or any employee or agent of the Trust or any of its Affiliates (each a "Company Indemnified Person") shall be liable, responsible or accountable in damages or otherwise to the Trust, or any officer, director, shareholder, partner, member, representative, employee or agent of the Trust or its Affiliates, or to any holder of Preferred Securities, for any loss, damage or claim incurred by reason of any act or omission performed or omitted by such Fiduciary Indemnified Person or Company Indemnified Person in good faith on behalf of the Trust and in a manner such Fiduciary Indemnified Person or Company Indemnified Person reasonably believed to be within the scope of the authority conferred on such Fiduciary Indemnified Person or Company Indemnified Person by such Declaration or by law, except that a Fiduciary Indemnified Person or Company Indemnified Person shall be liable for any such loss, damage or claim incurred by reason of such Fiduciary Indemnified Person's or Company Indemnified Person's gross negligence or willful misconduct with respect to such acts or omissions. The Declaration for the Trust also provides that to the full extent permitted by law, the Company shall indemnify any Company Indemnified Person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (other than an action by or in the right of the Trust), by reason of the fact that he is or was a Company Indemnified Person against expenses (including attorneys' fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection with such action, suit or proceeding, if such person acted in good faith and in a manner such person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Trust, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe such person's conduct was unlawful. The Declaration also provides that to the full extent permitted by law, the Company shall indemnify any Company Indemnified Person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action or suit by or in the right of the Trust to procure a judgment in its favor by reason of the fact that such person is or was a Company Indemnified Person, against expenses (including attorneys' fees) actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection with the defense or settlement of such action or suit if such person acted in good faith and in a manner such person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Trust, and except that no such indemnification shall be made in respect of any claim, issue or matter as to which such Company Indemnified Person shall have been II-2 4 adjudged to be liable to the Trust, unless and only to the extent that the Court of Chancery of Delaware or the court in which such action or suit was brought shall determine upon application that, despite the adjudication of liability, but in view of all the circumstances of the case, such person is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnity for such expenses which such Court of Chancery or such other court shall deem proper. The Declaration further provides that expenses (including attorneys' fees) incurred by a Company Indemnified Person in defending a civil, criminal, administrative or investigative action, suit or proceeding referred to in the immediately preceding two sentences shall be paid by the Company in advance of the final disposition of such action, suit or proceeding upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of such Company Indemnified Person to repay such amount, if it shall ultimately be determined that such person is not entitled to be indemnified by the Company as authorized in the Declaration. The Declaration also provides that the Company shall indemnify each Fiduciary Indemnified Person against any loss, liability or expense incurred without gross negligence or bad faith on its part, arising out of or in connection with the acceptance or administration of the trust under the Trust, including the costs and expenses (including reasonable legal fees and expenses) of defending itself against or investigating any claim or liability in connection with the exercise or performance of any of its powers or duties thereunder. ITEM 16. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES (a) Exhibits
EXHIBIT NUMBER DESCRIPTION OF EXHIBIT REFERENCE - ------ ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- 1.1 Form of U.S. Purchase Agreement for the Filed herewith Common Stock Offering 1.2 Form of International Purchase Agreement Filed herewith for the Common Stock Offering 1.3 Form of Purchase Agreement for the Filed herewith FELINE PRIDES Offering 1.4 Form of Purchase Agreement for the Filed herewith Senior Debt Securities Offering 2.1 Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of Incorporated by reference to Exhibit October 10, 1997 (c)(1) to the Company's Schedule 14D-1 dated October 17, 1997, as amended. 3.1 Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 Incorporation of Kennametal, as amended of the Company's September 30, 1994 Form 10-Q. 3.2 By-Laws of Kennametal Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Company's March 31, 1991 Form 10-Q. 4.1 Rights Agreement dated October 25, 1990 Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4 of the Company's Form 8-K dated October 23, 1990. 4.2 Form of Purchase Contact Agreement Filed herewith (including as Exhibit A the form of the Income PRIDES and as Exhibit B the form of the Growth PRIDES) 4.3 Form of Pledge Agreement Filed herewith 4.4 Certificate of Trust of Kennametal Financing I* 4.5 Agreement of Trust of Kennametal Filed herewith Financing I 4.6 Form of Amended and Restated Agreement Filed herewith of Trust of Kennametal Financing I (including as Exhibit A-1 the form of Preferred Security Certificate)
II-3 5
EXHIBIT NUMBER DESCRIPTION OF EXHIBIT REFERENCE - ------ ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- 4.7 Form of Indenture between Kennametal and Filed herewith The First National Bank of Chicago, as Trustee 4.8 Form of First Supplemental Indenture Filed herewith between Kennametal and The First National Bank of Chicago, as Trustee (including the form of Debentures of Kennametal to be issued to the Trust) 4.9 Form of Preferred Securities Guarantee Filed herewith Agreement in respect of Kennametal Financing I, with respect to the Trust Preferred Securities 4.10 Form of Remarketing Agreement (including Filed herewith as Exhibit A the form of Remarketing Underwriting Agreement) 4.11 Form of Second Supplemental Indenture Filed herewith between Kennametal and The First National Bank of Chicago, as Trustee of the Debt Securities 4.12 Form of Senior Notes due 2001 Filed herewith 4.13 Form of Senior Notes due 2008 Filed herewith 4.14 Form of Senior Debentures due 2028 Filed herewith 5.1 Opinion of Buchanan Ingersoll Filed herewith Professional Corporation 5.2 Opinion of Skadden, Arps, Slate Meagher Filed herewith & Flom, LLP, special Delaware counsel to the Trust 10.1 Credit Agreement dated as of November Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 17, 1997 (b)(2) to the Company's Schedule 14D-1 dated October 17, 1997, as amended. 10.2 Guaranty and Suretyship Agreement dated Incorporated by reference to Exhibit as of November 17, 1997, as supplemented (b)(3) of the Company's Schedule 14D-1, by the Additional Subsidiary Guarantor as amended, and Exhibit 10.2 of Supplement dated as of November 18, 1997 Greenfield's Current Report on Form 8-K dated November 17, 1997, respectively. 10.3 Borrower Pledge Agreement dated as of Incorporated by reference to Exhibit November 17, 1997, as supplemented by (b)(4) of the Company's Schedule 14D-1, the Additional Designated Collateral as amended, and Exhibit 10.5 of Supplement dated as of November 18, 1997 Greenfield's Current Report on Form 8-K dated November 17, 1997, respectively. 10.4 Subsidiary Pledge Agreement dated as of Incorporated by reference to Exhibit November 18, 1997 10.3 of Greenfield's current Report on Form 8-K dated November 17, 1997. 12.1 Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges* 23.1 Consent of Arthur Andersen LLP* 23.2 Consent of Buchanan Ingersoll Professional Corporation**
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EXHIBIT NUMBER DESCRIPTION OF EXHIBIT REFERENCE - ------ ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- 23.3 Consent of Price Waterhouse LLP* 23.4 Consent of Skadden, Arps, Slate Meagher & Flom, LLP** 24 Powers of Attorney (included as part of the prior signature pages hereof)* 25.1 Form T-1 Statement of Eligibility of The Filed herewith First National Bank of Chicago, as Institutional Trustee under the Agreement of Trust 25.2 Form T-1 Statement of Eligibility of The Filed herewith First National Bank of Chicago, as Guarantee Trustee under the Guarantee for Kennametal Financing I, and as Trustee under the Indenture
- --------- *--previously filed **--included in their opinion filed as Exhibit 5 ITEM 17. UNDERTAKINGS (A) RULE 415 OFFERING. The undersigned registrants hereby undertake: (1) To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement: (i) To include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement; (2) That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. (3) To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering. (B) FILINGS INCORPORATING SUBSEQUENT EXCHANGE ACT DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE. The undersigned Registrants hereby undertake that, for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each filing of the Company's annual report pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (and, where applicable, each filing of an employee benefit plan's annual report pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) that is incorporated by reference in the registration statement shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. (C) EQUITY OFFERINGS OF NONREPORTING REGISTRANT. Kennametal Financing I hereby undertakes to provide to the underwriters at the closing specified in the underwriting agreements certificates in such denominations and registered in such names as required by the underwriters to permit prompt delivery to each purchaser. II-5 7 (H) REQUEST FOR ACCELERATION OF EFFECTIVE DATE. Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the Registrants pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the Registrants have been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Registrants of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the Registrants in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the Registrants will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by a final adjudication of such issue. (I) REGISTRATION STATEMENTS PERMITTED BY RULE 430A. The undersigned Registrants hereby undertake that: (1) For purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of this Registration Statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in the form of prospectus filed by the Registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(1) or (4) or 497(h) under the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of this Registration Statement as of the time it was declared effective. (2) For the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. (J) TRUST INDENTURE APPLICATION. The undersigned Registrants hereby undertake to file an application for the purpose of determining the eligibility of the trustee to act under subsection (a) of section 310 of the Trust Indenture Act ("Act") in accordance with the rules and regulations prescribed by the Commission under section 305(b)(2) of the Act. II-6 8 SIGNATURES Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, Kennametal Inc. certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this Amendment No. 2 to this Registration Statement on Form S-3 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in Latrobe, Pennsylvania, on this 20th day of January, 1998. KENNAMETAL INC. By: /s/ DAVID T. COFER ------------------------------------ David T. Cofer Vice President, Secretary and General Counsel Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this Amendment No. 2 to this Registration Statement has been signed by the following person in the capacity indicated on this 20th day of January, 1998.
SIGNATURES TITLES DATES - ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------ ------------------ * Chairman of the Board - ------------------------------------ William R. Newlin * President and Director (Principal - ------------------------------------ Executive Officer) Robert L. McGeehan * Vice President, Controller and Chief - ------------------------------------ Accounting Officer (Principal James R. Breisinger Accounting Officer) * Vice President, Chief Financial and - ------------------------------------ Administrative Officer (Principal Richard J. Orwig Financial Officer) * Director - ------------------------------------ Richard C. Alberding * Director - ------------------------------------ Peter B. Bartlett
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SIGNATURES TITLES DATES - ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------ ------------------ * Director - ------------------------------------ A. Peter Held * Director - ------------------------------------ Warren H. Hollinshead * Director - ------------------------------------ Aloysius T. McLaughlin, Jr. * Director - ------------------------------------ Larry Yost *By: /s/ DAVID T. COFER - ------------------------------------ Attorney-in-fact
II-8 10 SIGNATURES Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, Kennametal Financing I certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this Amendment No. 2 to this Registration Statement on Form S-3 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in Latrobe, Pennsylvania, on this 20th day of January, 1998. KENNAMETAL FINANCING I BY: KENNAMETAL INC., as Depositor By: /s/ DAVID T. COFER ------------------------------------ Name: David T. Cofer Title: Vice President, Secretary and General Counsel II-9 11 EXHIBIT INDEX
EXHIBIT NUMBER DESCRIPTION OF EXHIBIT REFERENCE - ------ ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- 1.1 Form of U.S. Purchase Agreement for the Filed herewith Common Stock Offering 1.2 Form of International Purchase Agreement Filed herewith for the Common Stock Offering 1.3 Form of Purchase Agreement for the Filed herewith FELINE PRIDES Offering 1.4 Form of Purchase Agreement for the Filed herewith Senior Debt Securities Offering 2.1 Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of Incorporated by reference to Exhibit October 10, 1997 (c)(1) to the Company's Schedule 14D-1 dated October 17, 1997, as amended. 3.1 Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 Incorporation of Kennametal, as amended of the Company's September 30, 1994 Form 10-Q. 3.2 By-Laws of Kennametal Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Company's March 31, 1991 Form 10-Q. 4.1 Rights Agreement dated October 25, 1990 Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4 of the Company's Form 8-K dated October 23, 1990. 4.2 Form of Purchase Contract Agreement Filed herewith (including as Exhibit A the form of the Income PRIDES and as Exhibit B the form of the Growth PRIDES) 4.3 Form of Pledge Agreement Filed herewith 4.4 Certificate of Trust of Kennametal Financing I* 4.5 Agreement of Trust of Kennametal Filed herewith Financing I 4.6 Form of Amended and Restated Agreement Filed herewith of Trust of Kennametal Financing I (including as Exhibit A-1 the form of Preferred Security Certificate) 4.7 Form of Indenture between Kennametal and Filed herewith The First National Bank of Chicago, as Trustee 4.8 Form of First Supplemental Indenture Filed herewith between Kennametal and The First National Bank of Chicago, as Trustee (including the form of Debentures of Kennametal to be issued to the Trust) 4.9 Form of Preferred Securities Guarantee Filed herewith Agreement in respect of Kennametal Financing I, with respect to the Trust Preferred Securities 4.10 Form of Remarketing Agreement (including Filed herewith as Exhibit A the form of Remarketing Underwriting Agreement) 4.11 Form of Second Supplemental Indenture Filed herewith between Kennametal and The First National Bank of Chicago, as Trustee of the Debt Securities 4.12 Form of Senior Notes due 2001 Filed herewith 4.13 Form of Senior Notes due 2008 Filed herewith
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EXHIBIT NUMBER DESCRIPTION OF EXHIBIT REFERENCE - ------ ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- 4.14 Form of Senior Debentures due 2028 Filed herewith 5.1 Opinion of Buchanan Ingersoll Filed herewith Professional Corporation 5.2 Opinion of Skadden, Arps, Slate Meagher Filed herewith & Flom, LLP, special Delaware counsel to the Trust 10.1 Credit Agreement dated as of November Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 17, 1997 (b)(2) to the Company's Schedule 14D-1 dated October 17, 1997, as amended. 10.2 Guaranty and Suretyship Agreement dated Incorporated by reference to Exhibit as of November 17, 1997, as supplemented (b)(3) of the Company's Schedule 14D-1, by the Additional Subsidiary Guarantor as amended, and Exhibit 10.2 of Supplement dated as of November 18, 1997 Greenfield's Current Report on Form 8-K dated November 17, 1997, respectively. 10.3 Borrower Pledge Agreement dated as of Incorporated by reference to Exhibit November 17, 1997, as supplemented by (b)(4) of the Company's Schedule 14D-1, the Additional Designated Collateral as amended, and Exhibit 10.5 of Supplement dated as of November 18, 1997 Greenfield's Current Report on Form 8-K dated November 17, 1997, respectively. 10.4 Subsidiary Pledge Agreement dated as of Incorporated by reference to Exhibit November 18, 1997 10.3 of Greenfield's current Report on Form 8-K dated November 17, 1997. 12.1 Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges* 23.1 Consent of Arthur Andersen LLP* 23.2 Consent of Buchanan Ingersoll Professional Corporation** 23.3 Consent of Price Waterhouse LLP* 23.4 Consent of Skadden, Arps, Slate Meagher & Flom, LLP** 24 Powers of Attorney (included as part of the prior signature page hereof)* 25.1 Form T-1 Statement of Eligibility of The Filed herewith First National Bank of Chicago, as Institutional Trustee under the Agreement of Trust 25.2 Form T-1 Statement of Eligibility of The Filed herewith First National Bank of Chicago, as Guarantee Trustee under the Guarantee for Kennametal Financing I, and as Trustee under the Indenture
- --------- *--previously filed **--included in their opinion filed as Exhibit 5
   1
                                                                    Exhibit 1.1

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                                 KENNAMETAL INC.
                          (a Pennsylvania corporation)


                        3,440,000 Shares of Common Stock





                             U.S. PURCHASE AGREEMENT












Dated:  January __, 1998


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   2
Page ---- TABLE OF CONTENTS U.S. PURCHASE AGREEMENT......................................................................................... 1 SECTION 1. Representations and Warranties................................................................ 4 (a) Representations and Warranties by the Company................................................. 4 (b) Officer's Certificates........................................................................ 11 SECTION 2. Sale and Delivery to U.S. Underwriters; Closing................................................12 (a) Initial Securities............................................................................ 12 (b) Option Securities............................................................................. 12 (c) Payment....................................................................................... 12 (d) Denominations; Registration................................................................... 13 SECTION 3. Covenants of the Company...................................................................... 13 (a) Compliance with Securities Regulations and Commission Requests................................ 13 (b) Filing of Amendments.......................................................................... 14 (c) Delivery of Registration Statements........................................................... 14 (d) Delivery of Prospectuses...................................................................... 14 (e) Continued Compliance with Securities Laws..................................................... 14 (f) Blue Sky Qualifications....................................................................... 15 (g) Rule 158...................................................................................... 15 (h) Use of Proceeds............................................................................... 15 (i) Listing....................................................................................... 15 (j) Restriction on Sale of Securities............................................................. 15 (k) Reporting Requirements........................................................................ 16 SECTION 4. Payment of Expenses........................................................................... 16 (a) Expenses.......................................................................................16 (b) Termination of Agreement...................................................................... 16 SECTION 5. Conditions of U.S. Underwriters' Obligations.................................................. 17 (a) Effectiveness of Registration Statement....................................................... 17 (b) Opinion of Counsel for Company................................................................ 17 (c) Opinion of Counsel for U.S. Underwriters...................................................... 17 (d) Opinion of German Counsel..................................................................... 18 (e) Officers' Certificate......................................................................... 18 (f) Accountant's Comfort Letter................................................................... 19 (g) Accountant's Comfort Letter................................................................... 19 (h) Bring-down Comfort Letter..................................................................... 19 (i) Bring-down Comfort Letter..................................................................... 19 (j) Approval of Listing........................................................................... 19 (k) Maintenance of Rating......................................................................... 19 (l) Purchase of Initial International Securities.................................................. 19 (m) Conditions to Purchase of U.S. Option Securities.............................................. 20
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Page ---- (n) Maintenance of Rating......................................................................... 21 (o) Additional Documents.......................................................................... 21 (p) Termination of Agreement...................................................................... 21 SECTION 6. Indemnification............................................................................... 21 (a) Indemnification of U.S. Underwriters.......................................................... 21 (b) Indemnification of Company, Directors and Officers............................................ 22 (c) Actions against Parties; Notification......................................................... 23 (d) Settlement without Consent if Failure to Reimburse............................................ 23 SECTION 7. Contribution.................................................................................. 23 SECTION 8. Representations, Warranties and Agreements to Survive Delivery................................ 25 SECTION 9. Termination of Agreement...................................................................... 25 (a) Termination; General.......................................................................... 25 (b) Liabilities................................................................................... 25 SECTION 10. Default by One or More of the U.S. Underwriters............................................... 25 SECTION 11. Notices....................................................................................... 26 SECTION 12. Parties....................................................................................... 26 SECTION 13. GOVERNING LAW AND TIME........................................................................ 27 SECTION 14. Effect of Headings............................................................................ 27 SCHEDULES Schedule A - List of Underwriters................................................................. Sch A-1 Schedule B - Pricing Information.................................................................. Sch B-1 Schedule C - List of Subsidiaries................................................................. Sch C-1 EXHIBITS Exhibit A - Form of Opinion of Company's Counsel...................................................... A-1
ii 4 Draft of January 13, 1998 KENNAMETAL INC. (a Pennsylvania corporation) 3,440,000 Shares of Capital Stock (Par Value $1.25 Per Share) U.S. PURCHASE AGREEMENT January __, 1998 MERRILL LYNCH & CO. Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated CIBC Oppenheimer Corp. Goldman, Sachs & Co. Lehman Brothers Inc. as U.S. Representatives of the several U.S. Underwriters c/o Merrill Lynch & Co. Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated North Tower World Financial Center New York, New York 10281-1209 Ladies and Gentlemen: Kennametal Inc., a Pennsylvania corporation (the "Company"), confirms its agreement with Merrill Lynch & Co., Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated ("Merrill Lynch") and each of the other U.S. Underwriters named in Schedule A hereto (collectively, the "U.S. Underwriters", which term shall also include any underwriter substituted as hereinafter provided in Section 10 hereof), for whom Merrill Lynch, CIBC Oppenheimer Corp., Goldman, Sachs & Co. and Lehman Brothers Inc. are acting as representatives (in such capacity, the "U.S. Representatives"), with respect to the issue and sale by the Company and the purchase by the U.S. Underwriters, acting severally and not jointly, of the respective numbers of shares of Capital Stock, par value $1.25 per share, of the Company ("Common Stock") set forth in said Schedule A, and with respect to the grant by the Company to the U.S. Underwriters, acting severally and not jointly, of the option described in Section 2(b) hereof to purchase all or any part of 516,000 additional shares of Common Stock to cover over-allotments, if any. The aforesaid 3,440,000 shares of Common Stock (the "Initial U.S. Securities") to be purchased by the U.S. Underwriters and all or any part of the 516,000 shares of Common Stock subject to the option described in Section 2(b) hereof (the "U.S. Option Securities") are hereinafter called, collectively, the "U.S. Securities". 5 2 It is understood that the Company is concurrently entering into an agreement dated the date hereof (the "International Purchase Agreement") providing for the offering by the Company of an aggregate of 860,000 shares of Common Stock (the "Initial International Securities") through arrangements with certain underwriters outside the United States and Canada (the "International Managers") for which Merrill Lynch International, CIBC Oppenheimer Corp., Goldman Sachs International and Lehman Brothers International (Europe) are acting as lead managers (the "Lead Managers") and the grant by the Company to the International Managers, acting severally and not jointly, of an option to purchase all or any part of the International Managers' pro rata portion of up to 129,000 additional shares of Common Stock solely to cover over-allotments, if any (the "International Option Securities" and, together with the U.S. Option Securities, the "Option Securities"). The Initial International Securities and the International Option Securities are hereinafter called the "International Securities". It is understood that the Company is not obligated to sell and the U.S. Underwriters are not obligated to purchase, any Initial U.S. Securities unless all of the Initial International Securities are contemporaneously purchased by the International Managers. The U.S. Underwriters and the International Managers are hereinafter collectively called the "Underwriters", the Initial U.S. Securities and the Initial International Securities are hereinafter collectively called the "Initial Securities", and the U.S. Securities, and the International Securities are hereinafter collectively called the "Securities". The Underwriters will concurrently enter into an Intersyndicate Agreement of even date herewith (the "Intersyndicate Agreement") providing for the coordination of certain transactions among the Underwriters under the direction of Merrill Lynch & Co., Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated (in such capacity, the "Global Coordinator"). The Company understands that the U.S. Underwriters propose to make a public offering of the U.S. Securities as soon as the U.S. Representatives deem advisable after this Agreement has been executed and delivered. The Company has filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "Commission") a registration statement on Form S-3 (No. 333-40809) covering the registration of the Securities under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "1933 Act"), including the related preliminary prospectus or prospectuses. Promptly after execution and delivery of this Agreement, the Company will either (i) prepare and file a prospectus in accordance with the provisions of Rule 430A ("Rule 430A") of the rules and regulations of the Commission under the 1933 Act (the "1933 Act Regulations") and paragraph (b) of Rule 424 ("Rule 424(b)") of the 1933 Act Regulations or (ii) if the Company has elected to rely upon Rule 434 ("Rule 434") of the 1933 Act Regulations, prepare and file a term sheet (a "Term Sheet") in accordance with the provisions of Rule 434 and Rule 424(b). Two forms of prospectus are to be used in connection with the offering and sale of the Securities: one relating to the U.S. Securities (the "Form of U.S. Prospectus") and one relating to the International Securities (the "Form of International Prospectus"). The Form of International Prospectus is identical to the Form of U.S. Prospectus, except for the front cover and back cover pages and the information under the caption "Underwriting" and the inclusion in the 6 3 Form of International Prospectus of a section under the caption "Certain U.S. Tax Consequences to Non-U.S. Holders." The information included in any such prospectus or in any such Term Sheet, as the case may be, that was omitted from such registration statement at the time it became effective but that is deemed to be part of such registration statement at the time it became effective (a) pursuant to paragraph (b) of Rule 430A is referred to as "Rule 430A Information" or (b) pursuant to paragraph (d) of Rule 434 is referred to as "Rule 434 Information." Each Form of U.S. Prospectus and Form of International Prospectus used before such registration statement became effective, and any prospectus that omitted, as applicable, the Rule 430A Information or the Rule 434 Information, that was used after such effectiveness and prior to the execution and delivery of this Agreement, is herein called a "preliminary prospectus." Such registration statement, including the exhibits thereto, schedules thereto, if any, and the documents incorporated by reference therein pursuant to Item 12 of Form S-3 under the 1933 Act, at the time it became effective and including the Rule 430A Information and the Rule 434 Information, as applicable, is herein called the "Registration Statement." Any registration statement filed pursuant to Rule 462(b) of the 1933 Act Regulations is herein referred to as the "Rule 462(b) Registration Statement," and after such filing the term "Registration Statement" shall include the Rule 462(b) Registration Statement. The final Form of U.S. Prospectus and the final Form of International Prospectus, including the documents incorporated by reference therein pursuant to Item 12 of Form S-3 under the 1933 Act, in the forms first furnished to the Underwriters for use in connection with the offering of the Securities are herein called the "U.S. Prospectus" and the "International Prospectus," respectively, and collectively, the "Prospectuses." If Rule 434 is relied on, the terms "U.S. Prospectus" and "International Prospectus" shall refer to the preliminary U.S. Prospectus dated January 2, 1998 and preliminary International Prospectus dated January 2, 1998, respectively, each together with the applicable Term Sheet and all references in this Agreement to the date of such Prospectuses shall mean the date of the applicable Term Sheet. For purposes of this Agreement, all references to the Registration Statement, any preliminary prospectus, the U.S. Prospectus, the International Prospectus or any Term Sheet or any amendment or supplement to any of the foregoing shall be deemed to include the copy filed with the Commission pursuant to its Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis and Retrieval system ("EDGAR"). All references in this Agreement to financial statements and schedules and other information which is "contained," "included" or "stated" in the Registration Statement, any preliminary prospectus (including the Form of U.S. Prospectus and Form of International Prospectus) or the Prospectuses (or other references of like import) shall be deemed to mean and include all such financial statements and schedules and other information which is incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, any preliminary prospectus (including the Form of U.S. Prospectus and Form of International Prospectus) or the Prospectuses, as the case may be; and all references in this Agreement to amendments or supplements to the Registration Statement, any preliminary prospectus or the Prospectuses shall be deemed to mean and include the filing of any document under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the "1934 Act") which is incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, such preliminary prospectus or the Prospectuses, as the case may be. 7 4 SECTION 1. Representations and Warranties. (a) Representations and Warranties by the Company. The Company represents and warrants to each U.S. Underwriter as of the date hereof, as of the Closing Time referred to in Section 2(c) hereof, and as of each Date of Delivery (if any) referred to in Section 2(b), hereof and agrees with each U.S. Underwriter, as follows: (i) Compliance with Registration Requirements. The Company meets the requirements for use of Form S-3 under the 1933 Act. Each of the Registration Statement and any Rule 462(b) Registration Statement has become effective under the 1933 Act and no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or any Rule 462(b) Registration Statement has been issued under the 1933 Act and no proceedings for that purpose have been instituted or are pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, are contemplated by the Commission, and any request on the part of the Commission for additional information has been complied with. At the respective times the Registration Statement, any Rule 462(b) Registration Statement and any post-effective amendments thereto became effective and at the Closing Time (and, if any U.S. Option Securities are purchased, at the Date of Delivery), the Registration Statement, the Rule 462(b) Registration Statement and any amendments and supplements thereto complied and will comply in all material respects with the requirements of the 1933 Act and the 1933 Act Regulations and did not and will not contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading. Neither of the Prospectuses nor any amendments or supplements thereto at the time the Prospectuses or any amendments or supplements thereto were issued and at the Closing Time (and, if any U.S. Option Securities are purchased, at the Date of Delivery), included or will include an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted or will omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. If Rule 434 is used, the Company will comply with the requirements of Rule 434. The representations and warranties in this subsection shall not apply to statements in or omissions from the Registration Statement or the U.S. Prospectus made in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished to the Company in writing by any U.S. Underwriter through the U.S. Representatives expressly for use in the Registration Statement or the U.S. Prospectus. Each preliminary prospectus and the prospectuses filed as part of the Registration Statement as originally filed or as part of any amendment thereto, or filed pursuant to Rule 424 under the 1933 Act, complied when so filed in all material respects with the 1933 Act Regulations and each preliminary prospectus and the Prospectuses delivered to the Underwriters for use in connection with this offering was identical to the electronically transmitted copies thereof filed with the Commission pursuant to EDGAR, except to the extent permitted by Regulation S-T. 8 5 (ii) Incorporated Documents. The documents incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement and the Prospectuses at the time they were or hereafter are filed with the Commission, complied and will comply in all material respects with the requirements of the 1933 Act and the 1933 Act Regulations or the 1934 Act and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder (the "1934 Act Regulations"), and, when read together with the other information in the Prospectuses, at the time the Registration Statement became effective, at the time the Prospectuses were issued and at the Closing Time (and, if any U.S. Option Securities are purchased, at the Date of Delivery), did not and will not contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading. (iii) Independent Accountants. Arthur Andersen LLP, the accountants who certified the financial statements and supporting schedules of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries included in the Registration Statement, are independent public accountants as required by the 1933 Act and the 1933 Act Regulations; and Price Waterhouse LLP, the accountants who certified the financial statements and supporting schedules of Greenfield Industries, Inc. ("Greenfield") included in the Registration Statement, are independent public accountants as required by the 1933 Act and the 1933 Act Regulations. (iv) Financial Statements. The financial statements of the Company included in the Registration Statement and the Prospectuses, together with the related schedules and notes, present fairly the financial position of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries at the dates indicated and the statement of operations, shareholders' equity and cash flows of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries for the periods specified; the financial statements of Greenfield included in the Registration Statement and the Prospectuses, together with the related schedules and notes, present fairly the financial position of Greenfield and its consolidated subsidiaries at the dates indicated and the statement of operations, stockholders' equity and cash flows of Greenfield and its consolidated subsidiaries for the periods specified; each of said financial statements have been prepared in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") applied on a consistent basis throughout the periods involved. The supporting schedules, if any, included in the Registration Statement present fairly in accordance with GAAP the information required to be stated therein. The selected financial data and the summary financial information included in the Prospectuses present fairly the information shown therein and have been compiled on a basis consistent with that of the audited financial statements included in the Registration Statement. The pro forma financial statements and the related notes thereto included in the Registration Statement and the Prospectuses present fairly the information shown therein, have been prepared in accordance with the Commission's rules and guidelines with respect to pro forma financial statements and have been properly compiled on the bases described therein, and the assumptions used in the preparation thereof are reasonable and the adjustments 9 6 used therein are appropriate to give effect to the transactions and circumstances referred to therein. (v) No Material Adverse Change in Business. Since the respective dates as of which information is given in the Registration Statement and the Prospectuses, except as otherwise stated therein, (A) there has been no material adverse change in the condition, financial or otherwise, or in the earnings, business affairs or business prospects of the Company and its subsidiaries considered as one enterprise, whether or not arising in the ordinary course of business (a "Material Adverse Effect"), (B) there have been no transactions entered into by the Company or any of its subsidiaries, other than those in the ordinary course of business, which are material with respect to the Company and its subsidiaries considered as one enterprise, and (C) except for regular quarterly dividends on the Common Stock in amounts per share that are consistent with past practice, there has been no dividend or distribution of any kind declared, paid or made by the Company on any class of its capital stock. (vi) Good Standing of the Company. The Company has been duly organized and is validly existing as a corporation in good standing under the laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and has corporate power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and to conduct its business as described in the Prospectuses and to enter into and perform its obligations under this Agreement; and the Company is duly qualified as a foreign corporation to transact business and is in good standing in each other jurisdiction in which such qualification is required, whether by reason of the ownership or leasing of property or the conduct of business, except where the failure so to qualify or to be in good standing would not result in a Material Adverse Effect. (vii) Good Standing of Subsidiaries. Each "significant subsidiary" of the Company (as such term is defined in Rule 1-02 of Regulation S-X) (each a "Subsidiary" and, collectively, the "Subsidiaries") has been duly organized and is validly existing as a corporation in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation, has corporate power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and to conduct its business as described in the Prospectuses and is duly qualified as a foreign corporation to transact business and is in good standing in each jurisdiction in which such qualification is required, whether by reason of the ownership or leasing of property or the conduct of business, except where the failure so to qualify or to be in good standing would not result in a Material Adverse Effect; except as otherwise disclosed in the Registration Statement, all of the issued and outstanding capital stock of each such Subsidiary has been duly authorized and validly issued, is fully paid and non-assessable and is owned by the Company, directly or through subsidiaries, free and clear of any security interest, mortgage, pledge, lien, encumbrance, claim or equity; none of the outstanding shares of capital stock of any Subsidiary was issued in violation of the preemptive or similar rights of any securityholder of such Subsidiary. The only Subsidiaries of the Company are the subsidiaries listed on Schedule C hereto. 10 7 (viii) Capitalization. The authorized, issued and outstanding capital stock of the Company is as set forth in the Prospectuses in the column entitled "Actual" under the caption "Capitalization" (except for subsequent issuances, if any, pursuant to this Agreement, pursuant to reservations, agreements or employee benefit plans referred to in the Prospectuses or pursuant to the exercise of convertible securities or options referred to in the Prospectuses). The shares of issued and outstanding capital stock of the Company have been duly authorized and validly issued and are fully paid and non-assessable; none of the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company was issued in violation of the preemptive or other similar rights of any securityholder of the Company. (ix) Authorization of Agreement. This Agreement and the International Purchase Agreement have been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Company. (x) Authorization and Description of Securities. The Securities to be purchased by the U.S. Underwriters and the International Managers from the Company have been duly authorized for issuance and sale to the U.S. Underwriters pursuant to this Agreement and the International Managers pursuant to the International Purchase Agreement, respectively, and, when issued and delivered by the Company pursuant to this Agreement and the International Purchase Agreement, respectively, against payment of the consideration set forth herein and the International Purchase Agreement, respectively, will be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable; the Common Stock conforms to all statements relating thereto contained in the Prospectuses and such description conforms to the rights set forth in the instruments defining the same; no holder of the Securities will be subject to personal liability by reason of being such a holder; and the issuance of the Securities is not subject to the preemptive or other similar rights of any securityholder of the Company. (xi) Absence of Defaults and Conflicts. Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries is in violation of its charter or by-laws or in default in the performance or observance of any obligation, agreement, covenant or condition contained in any contract, indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, loan or credit agreement, note, lease or other agreement or instrument to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is a party or by which it or any of them may be bound, or to which any of the property or assets of the Company or any subsidiary is subject (collectively, "Agreements and Instruments") except for such defaults that would not result in a Material Adverse Effect; and the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and the International Purchase Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated in this Agreement, the International Purchase Agreement and in the Registration Statement (including the issuance and sale of the Securities, the use of the proceeds from the sale of the Securities as described in the Prospectuses under the caption "Use of Proceeds" and the concurrent issuance and sale by the Company of 4,500,000 FELINE PRIDES(SM) and $450,000,000 aggregate principal amount of senior debt (the "Concurrent Offerings")) and compliance by the Company with its 11 8 obligations under this Agreement and the International Purchase Agreement have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action and do not and will not, whether with or without the giving of notice or passage of time or both, conflict with or constitute a breach of, or default or Repayment Event (as defined below) under, or result in the creation or imposition of any lien, charge or encumbrance upon any property or assets of the Company or any subsidiary pursuant to, the Agreements and Instruments (except for such conflicts, breaches or defaults or liens, charges or encumbrances that would not result in a Material Adverse Effect and except for the contemplated use of proceeds as described in the Registration Statement), nor will such action result in any violation of the provisions of the charter or by-laws of the Company or any subsidiary or any applicable law, statute, rule, regulation, judgment, order, writ or decree of any government, government instrumentality or court, domestic or foreign, having jurisdiction over the Company or any subsidiary or any of their assets, properties or operations. As used herein, a "Repayment Event" means any event or condition which gives the holder of any note, debenture or other evidence of indebtedness (or any person acting on such holder's behalf) the right to require the repurchase, redemption or repayment of all or a portion of such indebtedness by the Company or any subsidiary. (xii) Absence of Labor Dispute. No labor dispute with the employees of the Company or any subsidiary exists or, to the knowledge of the Company, is imminent, and the Company is not aware of any existing or imminent labor disturbance by the employees of any of its or any subsidiary's principal suppliers, manufacturers, customers or contractors, which, in either case, may reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. (xiii) Absence of Proceedings. There is no action, suit, proceeding, inquiry or investigation before or brought by any court or governmental agency or body, domestic or foreign, now pending, or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened, against or affecting the Company or any subsidiary, which is required to be disclosed in the Registration Statement (other than as disclosed therein), or which might reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, or which might reasonably be expected to materially and adversely affect the consummation of the transactions contemplated in this Agreement and the International Purchase Agreement or the Concurrent Offerings or the performance by the Company of its obligations hereunder or thereunder; the aggregate of all pending legal or governmental proceedings to which the Company or any subsidiary is a party or of which any of their respective property or assets is the subject which are not described in the Registration Statement, including ordinary routine litigation incidental to the business, could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. (xiv) Accuracy of Exhibits. There are no contracts or documents which are required to be described in the Registration Statement, the Prospectuses or the documents incorporated by reference therein or to be filed as exhibits thereto which have not been so described and filed as required. 12 9 (xv) Possession of Intellectual Property. The Company and its subsidiaries own or possess, or can acquire on reasonable terms, adequate patents, patent rights, licenses, inventions, copyrights, know-how (including trade secrets and other unpatented and/or unpatentable proprietary or confidential information, systems or procedures), trademarks, service marks, trade names or other intellectual property (collectively, "Intellectual Property") necessary to carry on the business now operated by them, and neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has received any notice or is otherwise aware of any infringement of or conflict with asserted rights of others with respect to any Intellectual Property or of any facts or circumstances which would render any Intellectual Property invalid or inadequate to protect the interest of the Company or any of its subsidiaries therein, and which infringement or conflict (if the subject of any unfavorable decision, ruling or finding) or invalidity or inadequacy, singly or in the aggregate, would result in a Material Adverse Effect. (xvi) Absence of Further Requirements. No filing with, or authorization, approval, consent, license, order, registration, qualification or decree of, any court or governmental authority or agency is necessary or required for the performance by the Company of its obligations hereunder, in connection with the offering, issuance or sale of the Securities under this Agreement and the International Purchase Agreement or the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the International Purchase Agreement or in connection with the offering, issuance or sale of the securities offered in the Concurrent Offerings, except such as have been already obtained or as may be required under the 1933 Act or the 1933 Act Regulations and foreign or state securities or blue sky laws. (xvii) Possession of Licenses and Permits. The Company and its subsidiaries possess such permits, licenses, approvals, consents and other authorizations (collectively, "Governmental Licenses") issued by the appropriate federal, state, local or foreign regulatory agencies or bodies necessary to conduct the business now operated by them; the Company and its subsidiaries are in compliance with the terms and conditions of all such Governmental Licenses, except where the failure so to comply would not, singly or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect; all of the Governmental Licenses are valid and in full force and effect, except when the invalidity of such Governmental Licenses or the failure of such Governmental Licenses to be in full force and effect would not have a Material Adverse Effect; and neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has received any notice of proceedings relating to the revocation or modification of any such Governmental Licenses which, singly or in the aggregate, if the subject of an unfavorable decision, ruling or finding, would result in a Material Adverse Effect. (xviii) Title to Property. The Company and its subsidiaries have good and marketable title to all real property owned by the Company and its subsidiaries and good title to all other properties owned by them, in each case, free and clear of all mortgages, pledges, liens, security interests, claims, restrictions or encumbrances of any kind except such as (a) are described in the Prospectuses or (b) do not, singly or in the aggregate, materially affect the value of such property and do not interfere with 13 10 the use made and proposed to be made of such property by the Company or any of its subsidiaries; and all of the leases and subleases material to the business of the Company and its subsidiaries, considered as one enterprise, and under which the Company or any of its subsidiaries holds properties described in the Prospectuses, are in full force and effect, and neither the Company nor any subsidiary has any notice of any material claim of any sort that has been asserted by anyone adverse to the rights of the Company or any subsidiary under any of the leases or subleases mentioned above, or affecting or questioning the rights of the Company or such subsidiary to the continued possession of the leased or subleased premises under any such lease or sublease. (xix) Compliance with Cuba Act. The Company has complied with, and is and will be in compliance with, the provisions of that certain Florida act relating to disclosure of doing business with Cuba, codified as Section 517.075 of the Florida statutes, and the rules and regulations thereunder (collectively, the "Cuba Act") or is exempt therefrom. (xx) Investment Company Act. The Company is not, and upon the issuance and sale of the Securities as herein contemplated and the application of the net proceeds therefrom as described in the Prospectuses will not be, an "investment company" or an entity "controlled" by an "investment company" as such terms are defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the "1940 Act"). (xxi) Environmental Laws. Except as described in the Registration Statement and except as would not, singly or in the aggregate, result in a Material Adverse Effect, (A) neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries is in violation of any federal, state, local or foreign statute, law, rule, regulation, ordinance, code, policy or rule of common law or any judicial or administrative interpretation thereof, including any judicial or administrative order, consent, decree or judgment, relating to pollution or protection of human health, the environment (including, without limitation, ambient air, surface water, groundwater, land surface or subsurface strata) or wildlife, including, without limitation, laws and regulations relating to the release or threatened release of chemicals, pollutants, contaminants, wastes, toxic substances, hazardous substances, petroleum or petroleum products (collectively, "Hazardous Materials") or to the manufacture, processing, distribution, use, treatment, storage, disposal, transport or handling of Hazardous Materials (collectively, "Environmental Laws"), (B) the Company and its subsidiaries have all permits, authorizations and approvals required under any applicable Environmental Laws and are each in compliance with their requirements, (C) there are no pending or threatened administrative, regulatory or judicial actions, suits, demands, demand letters, claims, liens, notices of noncompliance or violation, investigation or proceedings relating to any Environmental Law against the Company or any of its subsidiaries and (D) there are no events or circumstances that might reasonably be expected to form the basis of an order for clean-up or remediation, or an action, suit or proceeding by any private party or governmental body or agency, against or affecting the Company or any of its subsidiaries relating to Hazardous Materials or any Environmental Laws. 14 11 (xxii) Registration Rights. There are no persons with registration rights or other similar rights to have any securities registered pursuant to the Registration Statement or otherwise registered by the Company under the 1933 Act. (xxiii) Related Party Transactions. No relationship, direct or indirect, exists between or among the Company on the one hand, and the directors, officers, shareholders, customers or suppliers of the Company on the other hand, which is required to be described in the Prospectuses which is not so described. (xxiv) Employee Matters. The Company and any entity which would be treated as a single employer under Section 414(b), (c), (m) or (o) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, including the regulations and published interpretations thereunder (the "Code") (each such entity, an "ERISA Affiliate"), is in compliance in all material respects with all presently applicable provisions of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended, including the regulations and published interpretations thereunder ("ERISA"), and, if applicable, the Code; no "reportable event" (as defined in ERISA) has occurred with respect to any "pension plan" (as defined in ERISA) for which the Company or any ERISA Affiliate would have any liability; neither the Company nor any ERISA Affiliate has incurred or expects to incur liability under (i) Title IV of ERISA with respect to termination of, or withdrawal from, any such "pension plan" or (ii) Sections 412 or 4971 of the Code; and each "pension plan" for which the Company or any ERISA Affiliate would have any liability that is intended to be qualified under Section 401(a) of the Code is so qualified in all material respects and nothing has occurred, whether by action or by failure to act, which would cause the loss of such qualification. (xxv) Taxes. The Company has filed all federal, state, local and foreign income and franchise tax returns required to be filed through the date hereof and has paid all taxes due thereon, and no tax deficiency has been determined adversely to the Company or any of its subsidiaries which has had (nor does the Company have any knowledge of any tax deficiency which, if determined adversely to the Company or any of its subsidiaries, might have) a Material Adverse Effect or a material adverse effect on the condition, financial or otherwise, or on the earnings, business affairs or business prospects of the Company and its subsidiaries considered as one enterprise. (b) Officer's Certificates. Any certificate signed by any officer of the Company or any of its subsidiaries delivered to the Global Coordinator, the U.S. Representatives or to counsel for the U.S. Underwriters shall be deemed a representation and warranty by the Company to each U.S. Underwriter as to the matters covered thereby. 15 12 SECTION 2. Sale and Delivery to U.S. Underwriters; Closing. (a) Initial Securities. On the basis of the representations and warranties herein contained and subject to the terms and conditions herein set forth, the Company agrees to sell to each U.S. Underwriter, severally and not jointly, and each U.S. Underwriter, severally and not jointly, agrees to purchase from the Company, at the price per share set forth in Schedule B, the number of Initial U.S. Securities set forth in Schedule A opposite the name of such U.S. Underwriter, plus any additional number of Initial U.S. Securities which such Underwriter may become obligated to purchase pursuant to the provisions of Section 10 hereof. (b) Option Securities. In addition, on the basis of the representations and warranties herein contained and subject to the terms and conditions herein set forth, the Company hereby grants an option to the U.S. Underwriters, severally and not jointly, to purchase up to an additional 516,000 shares of Common Stock at the price per share set forth in Schedule B, less an amount per share equal to any dividends or distributions declared by the Company and payable on the Initial U.S. Securities but not payable on the U.S. Option Securities. The option hereby granted will expire 30 days after the date hereof and may be exercised in whole or in part from time to time only for the purpose of covering over-allotments which may be made in connection with the offering and distribution of the Initial U.S. Securities upon notice by the Global Coordinator to the Company setting forth the number of U.S. Option Securities as to which the several U.S. Underwriters are then exercising the option and the time and date of payment and delivery for such U.S. Option Securities. Any such time and date of delivery for the U.S. Option Securities (a "Date of Delivery") shall be determined by the Global Coordinator, but shall not be later than seven full business days after the exercise of said option, nor in any event prior to the Closing Time, as hereinafter defined. If the option is exercised as to all or any portion of the U.S. Option Securities, each of the U.S. Underwriters, acting severally and not jointly, will purchase that proportion of the total number of U.S. Option Securities then being purchased which the number of Initial U.S. Securities set forth in Schedule A opposite the name of such U.S. Underwriter bears to the total number of Initial U.S. Securities, subject in each case to such adjustments as the Global Coordinator in its discretion shall make to eliminate any sales or purchases of fractional shares. (c) Payment. Payment of the purchase price for, and delivery of certificates for, the Initial Securities shall be made at the offices of Simpson Thacher & Bartlett, 425 Lexington Avenue, New York, New York 10017, or at such other place as shall be agreed upon by the Global Coordinator and the Company, at 9:00 A.M. (Eastern time) on the third (fourth, if the pricing occurs after 4:30 P.M. (Eastern time) on any given day) business day after the date hereof (unless postponed in accordance with the provisions of Section 10), or such other time not later than ten business days after such date as shall be agreed upon by the Global Coordinator and the Company (such time and date of payment and delivery being herein called "Closing Time"). In addition, in the event that any or all of the U.S. Option Securities are purchased by the U.S. Underwriters, payment of the purchase price for, and delivery of 16 13 certificates for, such U.S. Option Securities shall be made at the above-mentioned offices, or at such other place as shall be agreed upon by the Global Coordinator and the Company, on each Date of Delivery as specified in the notice from the Global Coordinator to the Company. Payment shall be made to the Company by wire transfer of immediately available funds to a bank account designated by the Company, against delivery to the U.S. Representatives for the respective accounts of the U.S. Underwriters of certificates for the U.S. Securities to be purchased by them. It is understood that each U.S. Underwriter has authorized the U.S. Representatives, for its account, to accept delivery of, receipt for, and make payment of the purchase price for, the Initial U.S. Securities and the U.S. Option Securities, if any, which it has agreed to purchase. Merrill Lynch, individually and not as representative of the U.S. Underwriters, may (but shall not be obligated to) make payment of the purchase price for the Initial U.S. Securities or the U.S. Option Securities, if any, to be purchased by any U.S. Underwriter whose funds have not been received by the Closing Time or the relevant Date of Delivery, as the case may be, but such payment shall not relieve such U.S. Underwriter from its obligations hereunder. (d) Denominations; Registration. Certificates for the Initial U.S. Securities and the U.S. Option Securities, if any, shall be in such denominations and registered in such names as the U.S. Representatives may request in writing at least one full business day before the Closing Time or the relevant Date of Delivery, as the case may be. The certificates for the Initial U.S. Securities and the U.S. Option Securities, if any, will be made available for examination and packaging by the U.S. Representatives in The City of New York not later than 10:00 A.M. (Eastern time) on the business day prior to the Closing Time or the relevant Date of Delivery, as the case may be. SECTION 3. Covenants of the Company. The Company covenants with each U.S. Underwriter as follows: (a) Compliance with Securities Regulations and Commission Requests. The Company, subject to Section 3(b), will comply with the requirements of Rule 430A or Rule 434, as applicable, and will notify the Global Coordinator immediately, and confirm the notice in writing, (i) when any post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement shall become effective, or any supplement to the Prospectuses or any amended Prospectuses shall have been filed, (ii) of the receipt of any comments from the Commission, (iii) of any request by the Commission for any amendment to the Registration Statement or any amendment or supplement to the Prospectuses or for additional information, and (iv) of the issuance by the Commission of any stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or of any order preventing or suspending the use of any preliminary prospectus, or of the suspension of the qualification of the Securities for offering or sale in any jurisdiction, or of the initiation or threatening of any proceedings for any of such purposes. The Company will promptly effect the filings necessary pursuant to Rule 424(b) and will take such steps as it deems necessary to ascertain promptly whether the form of prospectus transmitted for filing under Rule 424(b) was received for filing by the Commission and, in the event that it was not, it will promptly file such prospectus. The Company 17 14 will make every reasonable effort to prevent the issuance of any stop order and, if any stop order is issued, to obtain the lifting thereof at the earliest possible moment. (b) Filing of Amendments. The Company will give the Global Coordinator notice of its intention to file or prepare any amendment to the Registration Statement (including any filing under Rule 462(b)), any Term Sheet or any amendment, supplement or revision to either the prospectus included in the Registration Statement at the time it became effective or to the Prospectuses, whether pursuant to the 1933 Act, the 1934 Act or otherwise, will furnish the Global Coordinator with copies of any such documents a reasonable amount of time prior to such proposed filing or use, as the case may be, and will not file or use any such document to which the Global Coordinator or counsel for the U.S. Underwriters shall reasonably object. (c) Delivery of Registration Statements. The Company has furnished or will deliver to the U.S. Representatives and counsel for the U.S. Underwriters, without charge, signed copies of the Registration Statement as originally filed and of each amendment thereto (including exhibits filed therewith or incorporated by reference therein and documents incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference therein) and signed copies of all consents and certificates of experts, and will also deliver to the U.S. Representatives, without charge, a conformed copy of the Registration Statement as originally filed and of each amendment thereto (without exhibits) for each of the U.S. Underwriters. The copies of the Registration Statement and each amendment thereto furnished to the U.S. Underwriters will be identical to the electronically transmitted copies thereof filed with the Commission pursuant to EDGAR, except to the extent permitted by Regulation S-T. (d) Delivery of Prospectuses. The Company has delivered to each U.S. Underwriter, without charge, as many copies of each preliminary prospectus as such U.S. Underwriter reasonably requested, and the Company hereby consents to the use of such copies for purposes permitted by the 1933 Act. The Company will furnish to each U.S. Underwriter, without charge, during the period when the U.S. Prospectus is required to be delivered under the 1933 Act or the 1934 Act, such number of copies of the U.S. Prospectus (as amended or supplemented) as such U.S. Underwriter may reasonably request. The U.S. Prospectus and any amendments or supplements thereto furnished to the U.S. Underwriters will be identical to the electronically transmitted copies thereof filed with the Commission pursuant to EDGAR, except to the extent permitted by Regulation S-T. (e) Continued Compliance with Securities Laws. The Company will comply with the 1933 Act and the 1933 Act Regulations and the 1934 Act and the 1934 Act Regulations so as to permit the completion of the distribution of the Securities as contemplated in this Agreement, the International Purchase Agreement and in the Prospectuses. If at any time when a prospectus is required by the 1933 Act to be delivered in connection with sales of the Securities, any event shall occur or condition shall exist as a result of which it is necessary, in the opinion of counsel for the U.S. Underwriters or for the Company, to amend the Registration Statement or 18 15 amend or supplement any Prospectus in order that the Prospectuses will not include any untrue statements of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein not misleading in the light of the circumstances existing at the time it is delivered to a purchaser, or if it shall be necessary, in the opinion of such counsel, at any such time to amend the Registration Statement or amend or supplement any Prospectus in order to comply with the requirements of the 1933 Act or the 1933 Act Regulations, the Company will promptly prepare and file with the Commission, subject to Section 3(b), such amendment or supplement as may be necessary to correct such statement or omission or to make the Registration Statement or the Prospectuses comply with such requirements, and the Company will furnish to the U.S. Underwriters such number of copies of such amendment or supplement as the U.S. Underwriters may reasonably request. (f) Blue Sky Qualifications. The Company will use its best efforts, in cooperation with the U.S. Underwriters, to qualify the Securities for offering and sale under the applicable securities laws of such states and other jurisdictions (domestic or foreign) as the Global Coordinator may designate and to maintain such qualifications in effect for a period of not less than one year from the later of the effective date of the Registration Statement and any Rule 462(b) Registration Statement; provided, however, that the Company shall not be obligated to file any general consent to service of process or to qualify as a foreign corporation or as a dealer in securities in any jurisdiction in which it is not so qualified or to subject itself to taxation in respect of doing business in any jurisdiction in which it is not otherwise so subject. In each jurisdiction in which the Securities have been so qualified, the Company will file such statements and reports as may be required by the laws of such jurisdiction to continue such qualification in effect for a period of not less than one year from the effective date of the Registration Statement and any Rule 462(b) Registration Statement. (g) Rule 158. The Company will timely file such reports pursuant to the 1934 Act as are necessary in order to make generally available to its securityholders as soon as practicable an earning statement for the purposes of, and to provide the benefits contemplated by, the last paragraph of Section 11(a) of the 1933 Act. (h) Use of Proceeds. The Company will use the net proceeds received by it from the sale of the Securities in the manner specified in the Prospectuses under "Use of Proceeds". (i) Listing. The Company will use its best efforts to effect the listing of the Securities on the New York Stock Exchange. (j) Restriction on Sale of Securities. During a period of 90 days from the date of the Prospectuses, the Company will not, without the prior written consent of the Global Coordinator, (i) directly or indirectly, offer, pledge, sell, contract to sell, sell any option or contract to purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell, grant any option, right or warrant to purchase or otherwise transfer or dispose of any share of Common Stock or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for 19 16 Common Stock or file any registration statement under the 1933 Act with respect to any of the foregoing or (ii) enter into any swap or any other agreement or any transaction that transfers, in whole or in part, directly or indirectly, the economic consequence of ownership of the Common Stock or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for Common Stock, whether any such swap or transaction described in clause (i) or (ii) above is to be settled by delivery of Common Stock or such other securities, in cash or otherwise. The foregoing sentence shall not apply to (A) the Securities to be sold hereunder or under the International Purchase Agreement, (B) any shares of Common Stock issuable upon early settlement of the shares of FELINE PRIDESSM, (C) any shares of Common Stock issued by the Company upon the exercise of an option or warrant or the conversion of a security outstanding on the date hereof and referred to in the Prospectuses, (D) any shares of Common Stock issued or options to purchase Common Stock granted pursuant to existing employee benefit plans of the Company referred to in the Prospectuses or (E) any shares of Common Stock issued pursuant to any non-employee director stock plan or dividend reinvestment plan. (k) Reporting Requirements. The Company, during the period when the Prospectuses are required to be delivered under the 1933 Act or the 1934 Act, will file all documents required to be filed with the Commission pursuant to the 1934 Act within the time periods required by the 1934 Act and the 1934 Act Regulations. SECTION 4. Payment of Expenses. (a) Expenses. The Company will pay all expenses incident to the performance of its obligations under this Agreement, including (i) the preparation, printing and filing of the Registration Statement (including financial statements and exhibits) as originally filed and of each amendment thereto, (ii) the preparation, printing and delivery to the Underwriters of this Agreement, any Agreement among Underwriters and such other documents as may be required in connection with the offering, purchase, sale, issuance or delivery of the Securities, (iii) the preparation, issuance and delivery of the certificates for the Securities to the Underwriters, including any stock or other transfer taxes and any stamp or other duties payable upon the sale, issuance or delivery of the Securities to the Underwriters and the transfer of the Securities between the U.S. Underwriters and the International Managers, (iv) the fees and disbursements of the Company's counsel, accountants and other advisors, (v) the qualification of the Securities under securities laws in accordance with the provisions of Section 3(f) hereof, including filing fees and the reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel for the Underwriters in connection therewith and in connection with the preparation of the Blue Sky Survey and any supplement thereto, (vi) the printing and delivery to the Underwriters of copies of each preliminary prospectus, any Term Sheets and of the Prospectuses and any amendments or supplements thereto, (vii) the preparation, printing and delivery to the Underwriters of copies of the Blue Sky Survey and any supplement thereto, (viii) the fees and expenses of any transfer agent or registrar for the Securities and (ix) the fees and expenses incurred in connection with the listing of the Securities on the New York Stock Exchange. (b) Termination of Agreement. If this Agreement is terminated by the U.S. Representatives in accordance with the provisions of Section 5 or Section 9(a)(i) hereof, the 20 17 Company shall reimburse the U.S. Underwriters for all of their out-of-pocket expenses, including the reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel for the U.S. Underwriters. SECTION 5. Conditions of U.S. Underwriters' Obligations. The obligations of the several U.S. Underwriters hereunder are subject to the accuracy of the representations and warranties of the Company contained in Section 1 hereof or in certificates of any officer of the Company or any subsidiary of the Company delivered pursuant to the provisions hereof, to the performance by the Company of its covenants and other obligations hereunder, and to the following further conditions: (a) Effectiveness of Registration Statement. The Registration Statement, including any Rule 462(b) Registration Statement, has become effective and at Closing Time, no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement shall have been issued under the 1933 Act or proceedings therefor initiated or threatened by the Commission, and any request on the part of the Commission for additional information shall have been complied with to the reasonable satisfaction of counsel to the U.S. Underwriters. A prospectus containing the Rule 430A Information shall have been filed with the Commission in accordance with Rule 424(b) (or a post-effective amendment providing such information shall have been filed and declared effective in accordance with the requirements of Rule 430A) or, if the Company has elected to rely upon Rule 434, a Term Sheet shall have been filed with the Commission in accordance with Rule 424(b). (b) Opinion of Counsel for Company. At Closing Time, the U.S. Representatives shall have received the favorable opinion, dated as of Closing Time, of David T. Cofer, Vice President, Secretary and General Counsel to the Company and of Buchanan Ingersoll Professional Corporation, special counsel for the Company, in form and substance satisfactory to counsel for the U.S. Underwriters, together with signed or reproduced copies of such letter for each of the other U.S. Underwriters to the effect set forth in Exhibit A hereto and to such further effect as counsel to the U.S. Underwriters may reasonably request. (c) Opinion of Counsel for U.S. Underwriters. At Closing Time, the U.S. Representatives shall have received the favorable opinion, dated as of Closing Time, of Simpson Thacher & Bartlett, counsel for the U.S. Underwriters, together with signed or reproduced copies of such letter for each of the other U.S. Underwriters with respect to the matters set forth in clauses (i), (ii), (v), (vi) (solely as to preemptive or other similar rights arising by operation of law or under the charter or by-laws of the Company), (viii) through (x), inclusive, (xiv) (solely as to the information in the Prospectus under "Description of Common Stock--Common Stock") and the penultimate paragraph of Exhibit A hereto. In giving such opinion such counsel may rely, as to all matters governed by the laws of jurisdictions other than the law of the State of New York and the federal law of the United States, upon the opinions of counsel satisfactory to the U.S. Representatives. Such counsel may also state that, insofar as such opinion involves factual matters, they have relied, to the extent they 21 18 deem proper, upon certificates of officers of the Company and its subsidiaries and certificates of public officials. (d) Opinion of German Counsel. At Closing Time, the U.S. Representatives shall have received the favorable opinion, dated as of the Closing Time, of Hasche Eschenlohr Peltzer Riesenkampff Fischotter, German counsel to the Company, in form and substance satisfactory to counsel for the U.S. Underwriters to the effect that: (i) Kennametal Hertel AG has been incorporated and is validly existing as a corporation in good standing under German laws, has the corporate power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and to conduct its business as presently conducted and as described in the Prospectus, and is qualified as a foreign corporation to transact business and is in good standing in each jurisdiction in which such qualification is required, whether by reason of the ownership or leasing of property or the conduct of business, except where the failure to so qualify or be in good standing would not have a Material Adverse Effect; all of the issued and outstanding capital stock of Kennametal Hertel AG has been authorized and validly issued, is fully paid and non-assessable and 98.25% of the ordinary and 57.21% of the non-voting preferred shares are owned by the Company, directly or through its subsidiaries, free and clear of any security interest, mortgage, pledge, lien, encumbrance, claim or equity; and (ii) Other than as set forth in the Prospectus, there are no legal or governmental proceedings pending to which Kennametal Hertel AG or any of its subsidiaries is a party or to which any property of Kennametal Hertel AG or any of its subsidiaries is the subject which reasonably would be expected individually or in the aggregate to have a Material Adverse Effect; and, to the best of such counsel's knowledge, no such proceedings are threatened or contemplated by governmental authorities or threatened by others. (e) Officers' Certificate. At Closing Time, there shall not have been, since the date hereof or since the respective dates as of which information is given in the Prospectuses, any material adverse change in the condition, financial or otherwise, or in the earnings, business affairs or business prospects of the Company and its subsidiaries considered as one enterprise, whether or not arising in the ordinary course of business, and the U.S. Representatives shall have received a certificate of the President or a Vice President of the Company and of the chief financial officer, chief accounting officer or treasurer of the Company, dated as of Closing Time, to the effect that (i) there has been no such material adverse change, (ii) the representations and warranties in Section 1(a) hereof are true and correct with the same force and effect as though expressly made at and as of Closing Time, (iii) the Company has complied with all agreements and satisfied all conditions on its part to be performed or satisfied at or prior to Closing Time, and (iv) no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the 22 19 Registration Statement has been issued and no proceedings for that purpose have been instituted or are pending or are contemplated by the Commission. (f) Accountant's Comfort Letter. At the time of the execution of this Agreement, the U.S. Representatives shall have received from Arthur Andersen LLP a letter dated such date, in form and substance satisfactory to the U.S. Representatives, together with signed or reproduced copies of such letter for each of the other U.S. Underwriters containing statements and information of the type ordinarily included in accountants' "comfort letters" to underwriters with respect to the financial statements, pro forma financial statements and certain financial information of the Company contained in the Registration Statement and the Prospectuses. (g) Accountant's Comfort Letter. At the time of the execution of this Agreement, the U.S. Representatives shall have received from Price Waterhouse LLP a letter dated such date, in form and substance satisfactory to the U.S. Representatives, together with signed or reproduced copies of such letter for each of the other U.S. Underwriters containing statements and information of the type ordinarily included in accountants' "comfort letters" to underwriters with respect to the financial statements and certain financial information of Greenfield contained in the Registration Statement and the Prospectuses. (h) Bring-down Comfort Letter. At Closing Time, the Representatives shall have received from Arthur Andersen LLP a letter, dated as of Closing Time, to the effect that they reaffirm the statements made in the letter furnished pursuant to subsection (f) of this Section, except that the specified date referred to shall be a date not more than three business days prior to Closing Time. (i) Bring-down Comfort Letter. At Closing Time, the Representatives shall have received from Price Waterhouse LLP a letter, dated as of Closing Time, to the effect that they reaffirm the statements made in the letter furnished pursuant to subsection (g) of this Section, except that the specified date referred to shall be a date not more than three business days prior to Closing Time. (j) Approval of Listing. At Closing Time, the Securities shall have been approved for listing on the New York Stock Exchange, subject only to official notice of issuance. (k) Maintenance of Rating. Since the date of this Agreement, there shall not have occurred a downgrading in the rating assigned to any of the Company's other securities by any "nationally recognized statistical rating agency", as that term is defined by the Commission for purposes of Rule 436(g)(2) under the 1933 Act, and no such organization shall have publicly announced that it has under surveillance or review its rating of any of the Company's other securities. (l) Purchase of Initial International Securities. Contemporaneously with the purchase by the U.S. Underwriters of the Initial U.S. Securities under this 23 20 Agreement, the International Managers shall have purchased the Initial International Securities under the International Purchase Agreement. (m) Conditions to Purchase of U.S. Option Securities. In the event that the U.S. Underwriters exercise their option provided in Section 2(b) hereof to purchase all or any portion of the U.S. Option Securities, the representations and warranties of the Company contained herein and the statements in any certificates furnished by the Company or any subsidiary of the Company hereunder shall be true and correct as of each Date of Delivery and, at the relevant Date of Delivery: (1) the U.S. Representatives shall have received: (i) Officers' Certificate. A certificate, dated such Date of Delivery, of the President or a Vice President of the Company and of the chief financial officer, chief accounting officer or treasurer of the Company confirming that the certificate delivered at the Closing Time pursuant to Section 5(e) hereof remains true and correct as of such Date of Delivery. (ii) Opinion of Counsel for Company. The favorable opinion of Buchanan Ingersoll Professional Corporation, counsel for the Company, in form and substance satisfactory to counsel for the U.S. Underwriters, dated such Date of Delivery, relating to the U.S. Option Securities to be purchased on such Date of Delivery and otherwise to the same effect as the opinion required by Section 5(b) hereof. (iii) Opinion of Counsel for U.S. Underwriters. The favorable opinion of Simpson Thacher & Bartlett, counsel for the U.S. Underwriters, dated such Date of Delivery, relating to the U.S. Option Securities to be purchased on such Date of Delivery and otherwise to the same effect as the opinion required by Section 5(c) hereof. (iv) Opinion of German Counsel. The favorable opinion of Hasche Eschenlohr Peltzer Riesenkampff Fischotter, German counsel for the Company, in form and substance satisfactory to counsel to the U.S. Underwriters, dated such Date of Delivery, relating to the U.S. Option Securities to be purchased on such Date of Delivery and otherwise to the same effect as the opinion required by Section 5(d) hereof. (v) Bring-down Comfort Letter. A letter from Arthur Andersen LLP, in form and substance satisfactory to the U.S. Representatives and dated such Date of Delivery, substantially in the same form and substance as the letter furnished to the U.S. Representatives pursuant to Section 5(h) hereof, except that the "specified date" in the letter furnished pursuant to this paragraph shall be a date not more than five days prior to such Date of Delivery. 24 21 (vi) Bring-down Comfort Letter. A letter from Price Waterhouse LLP, in form and substance satisfactory to the U.S. Representatives and dated such Date of Delivery, substantially in the same form and substance as the letter furnished to the U.S. Representatives pursuant to Section 5(i) hereof, except that the "specified date" in the letter furnished pursuant to this paragraph shall be a date not more than five days prior to such Date of Delivery. (2) Maintenance of Rating. Since the date of this Agreement, there shall not have occurred a downgrading in the rating assigned to any of the Company's other securities by any "nationally recognized statistical rating agency", as that term is defined by the Commission for purposes of Rule 436(g)(2) under the 1933 Act, and no such organization shall have publicly announced that it has under surveillance or review its rating of any of the Company's other securities. (n) Additional Documents. At Closing Time and at each Date of Delivery, counsel for the U.S. Underwriters shall have been furnished with such documents and opinions as they may require for the purpose of enabling them to pass upon the issuance and sale of the Securities as herein contemplated, or in order to evidence the accuracy of any of the representations or warranties, or the fulfillment of any of the conditions, herein contained; and all proceedings taken by the Company in connection with the issuance and sale of the Securities as herein contemplated shall be satisfactory in form and substance to the U.S. Representatives and counsel for the U.S. Underwriters. (o) Termination of Agreement. If any condition specified in this Section shall not have been fulfilled when and as required to be fulfilled, this Agreement, or, in the case of any condition to the purchase of U.S. Option Securities on a Date of Delivery which is after the Closing Time, the obligations of the several U.S. Underwriters to purchase the relevant Option Securities, may be terminated by the U.S. Representatives by notice to the Company at any time at or prior to Closing Time or such Date of Delivery, as the case may be, and such termination shall be without liability of any party to any other party except as provided in Section 4 and except that Sections 1, 6, 7 and 8 shall survive any such termination and remain in full force and effect. SECTION 6. Indemnification. (a) Indemnification of U.S. Underwriters. The Company agrees to indemnify and hold harmless each U.S. Underwriter and each person, if any, who controls any U.S. Underwriter within the meaning of Section 15 of the 1933 Act or Section 20 of the 1934 Act as follows: (i) against any and all loss, liability, claim, damage and expense whatsoever, as incurred, arising out of any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Registration Statement (or any 25 22 amendment thereto), including the Rule 430A Information and the Rule 434 Information, if applicable, or the omission or alleged omission therefrom of a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading or arising out of any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact included in any preliminary prospectus or the Prospectuses (or any amendment or supplement thereto), or the omission or alleged omission therefrom of a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; (ii) against any and all loss, liability, claim, damage and expense whatsoever, as incurred, to the extent of the aggregate amount paid in settlement of any litigation, or any investigation or proceeding by any governmental agency or body, commenced or threatened, or of any claim whatsoever based upon any such untrue statement or omission, or any such alleged untrue statement or omission; provided that (subject to Section 6(d) below) any such settlement is effected with the written consent of the Company; and (iii) against any and all expense whatsoever, as incurred (including the fees and disbursements of counsel chosen by Merrill Lynch), reasonably incurred in investigating, preparing or defending against any litigation, or any investigation or proceeding by any governmental agency or body, commenced or threatened, or any claim whatsoever based upon any such untrue statement or omission, or any such alleged untrue statement or omission, to the extent that any such expense is not paid under (i) or (ii) above; provided, however, that this indemnity agreement shall not apply to any loss, liability, claim, damage or expense to the extent arising out of any untrue statement or omission or alleged untrue statement or omission made in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Company by any U.S. Underwriter through the U.S. Representatives expressly for use in the Registration Statement (or any amendment thereto), including the Rule 430A Information and the Rule 434 Information, if applicable, or any preliminary prospectus or the U.S. Prospectus (or any amendment or supplement thereto). (b) Indemnification of Company, Directors and Officers. Each U.S. Underwriter severally agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Company, its directors, each of its officers who signed the Registration Statement, and each person, if any, who controls the Company within the meaning of Section 15 of the 1933 Act or Section 20 of the 1934 Act against any and all loss, liability, claim, damage and expense described in the indemnity contained in subsection (a) of this Section, as incurred, but only with respect to untrue statements or omissions, or alleged untrue statements or omissions, made in the Registration Statement (or any amendment thereto), including the Rule 430A Information and the Rule 434 Information, if applicable, or any preliminary U.S. prospectus or the U.S. Prospectus (or any amendment or supplement thereto) in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Company by such U.S. Underwriter through the U.S. Representatives expressly for use in the Registration Statement (or any amendment thereto) or 26 23 such preliminary prospectus or the U.S. Prospectus (or any amendment or supplement thereto). (c) Actions against Parties; Notification. Each indemnified party shall give notice as promptly as reasonably practicable to each indemnifying party of any action commenced against it in respect of which indemnity may be sought hereunder, but failure to so notify an indemnifying party shall not relieve such indemnifying party from any liability hereunder to the extent it is not materially prejudiced as a result thereof and in any event shall not relieve it from any liability which it may have otherwise than on account of this indemnity agreement. In the case of parties indemnified pursuant to Section 6(a) above, counsel to the indemnified parties shall be selected by Merrill Lynch, and, in the case of parties indemnified pursuant to Section 6(b) above, counsel to the indemnified parties shall be selected by the Company. An indemnifying party may participate at its own expense in the defense of any such action; provided, however, that counsel to the indemnifying party shall not (except with the consent of the indemnified party) also be counsel to the indemnified party. In no event shall the indemnifying parties be liable for fees and expenses of more than one counsel (in addition to any local counsel) separate from their own counsel for all indemnified parties in connection with any one action or separate but similar or related actions in the same jurisdiction arising out of the same general allegations or circumstances. No indemnifying party shall, without the prior written consent of the indemnified parties, settle or compromise or consent to the entry of any judgment with respect to any litigation, or any investigation or proceeding by any governmental agency or body, commenced or threatened, or any claim whatsoever in respect of which indemnification or contribution could be sought under this Section 6 or Section 7 hereof (whether or not the indemnified parties are actual or potential parties thereto), unless such settlement, compromise or consent (i) includes an unconditional release of each indemnified party from all liability arising out of such litigation, investigation, proceeding or claim and (ii) does not include a statement as to or an admission of fault, culpability or a failure to act by or on behalf of any indemnified party. (d) Settlement without Consent if Failure to Reimburse. If at any time an indemnified party shall have requested an indemnifying party to reimburse the indemnified party for fees and expenses of counsel, such indemnifying party agrees that it shall be liable for any settlement of the nature contemplated by Section 6(a)(ii) effected without its written consent if (i) such settlement is entered into more than 45 days after receipt by such indemnifying party of the aforesaid request, (ii) such indemnifying party shall have received notice of the terms of such settlement at least 30 days prior to such settlement being entered into and (iii) such indemnifying party shall not have reimbursed such indemnified party in accordance with such request prior to the date of such settlement. SECTION 7. Contribution. If the indemnification provided for in Section 6 hereof is for any reason unavailable to or insufficient to hold harmless an indemnified party in respect of any losses, liabilities, claims, damages or expenses referred to therein, then each indemnifying party shall contribute to the aggregate amount of such losses, liabilities, claims, damages and expenses incurred by such indemnified party, as incurred, (i) in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative benefits received by the Company on the one hand and the U.S. Underwriters on the other hand from the offering of the Securities pursuant to this 27 24 Agreement or (ii) if the allocation provided by clause (i) is not permitted by applicable law, in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect not only the relative benefits referred to in clause (i) above but also the relative fault of the Company on the one hand and of the U.S. Underwriters on the other hand in connection with the statements or omissions, which resulted in such losses, liabilities, claims, damages or expenses, as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. The relative benefits received by the Company on the one hand and the U.S. Underwriters on the other hand in connection with the offering of the U.S. Securities pursuant to this Agreement shall be deemed to be in the same respective proportions as the total net proceeds from the offering of the U.S. Securities pursuant to this Agreement (before deducting expenses) received by the Company and the total underwriting discount received by the U.S. Underwriters, in each case as set forth on the cover of the U.S. Prospectus, or, if Rule 434 is used, the corresponding location on the Term Sheet, bear to the aggregate initial public offering price of the U.S. Securities as set forth on such cover. The relative fault of the Company on the one hand and the U.S. Underwriters on the other hand shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether any such untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or omission or alleged omission to state a material fact relates to information supplied by the Company or by the U.S. Underwriters and the parties' relative intent, knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such statement or omission. The Company and the U.S. Underwriters agree that it would not be just and equitable if contribution pursuant to this Section 7 were determined by pro rata allocation (even if the U.S. Underwriters were treated as one entity for such purpose) or by any other method of allocation which does not take account of the equitable considerations referred to above in this Section 7. The aggregate amount of losses, liabilities, claims, damages and expenses incurred by an indemnified party and referred to above in this Section 7 shall be deemed to include any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by such indemnified party in investigating, preparing or defending against any litigation, or any investigation or proceeding by any governmental agency or body, commenced or threatened, or any claim whatsoever based upon any such untrue or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission. Notwithstanding the provisions of this Section 7, no U.S. Underwriter shall be required to contribute any amount in excess of the amount by which the total price at which the U.S. Securities underwritten by it and distributed to the public were offered to the public exceeds the amount of any damages which such U.S. Underwriter has otherwise been required to pay by reason of any such untrue or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission. No person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the 1933 Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation. 28 25 For purposes of this Section 7, each person, if any, who controls a U.S. Underwriter within the meaning of Section 15 of the 1933 Act or Section 20 of the 1934 Act shall have the same rights to contribution as such U.S. Underwriter, and each director of the Company, each officer of the Company who signed the Registration Statement, and each person, if any, who controls the Company within the meaning of Section 15 of the 1933 Act or Section 20 of the 1934 Act shall have the same rights to contribution as the Company. The U.S. Underwriters' respective obligations to contribute pursuant to this Section 7 are several in proportion to the number of Initial U.S. Securities set forth opposite their respective names in Schedule A hereto and not joint. SECTION 8. Representations, Warranties and Agreements to Survive Delivery. All representations, warranties and agreements contained in this Agreement or in certificates of officers of the Company or any of its subsidiaries submitted pursuant hereto, shall remain operative and in full force and effect, regardless of any investigation made by or on behalf of any U.S. Underwriter or controlling person, or by or on behalf of the Company, and shall survive delivery of the Securities to the U.S. Underwriters. SECTION 9. Termination of Agreement. (a) Termination; General. The U.S. Representatives may terminate this Agreement, by notice to the Company, at any time at or prior to Closing Time (i) if there has been, since the time of execution of this Agreement or since the respective dates as of which information is given in the U.S. Prospectus, any material adverse change in the condition, financial or otherwise, or in the earnings, business affairs or business prospects of the Company and its subsidiaries considered as one enterprise, whether or not arising in the ordinary course of business, or (ii) if there has occurred any material adverse change in the financial markets in the United States or the international financial markets, any outbreak of hostilities or escalation thereof or other calamity or crisis or any change or development involving a prospective change in national or international political, financial or economic conditions, in each case the effect of which is such as to make it, in the judgment of the U.S. Representatives, impracticable to market the Securities or to enforce contracts for the sale of the Securities, or (iii) if trading in any securities of the Company has been suspended or materially limited by the Commission or the New York Stock Exchange, or if trading generally on the American Stock Exchange or the New York Stock Exchange or in the Nasdaq National Market has been suspended or materially limited, or minimum or maximum prices for trading have been fixed, or maximum ranges for prices have been required, by any of said exchanges or by such system or by order of the Commission, the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. or any other governmental authority, or (iv) if a banking moratorium has been declared by either Federal, New York or Pennsylvania authorities. (b) Liabilities. If this Agreement is terminated pursuant to this Section, such termination shall be without liability of any party to any other party except as provided in Section 4 hereof, and provided further that Sections 1, 6, 7 and 8 shall survive such termination and remain in full force and effect. 29 26 SECTION 10. Default by One or More of the U.S. Underwriters. If one or more of the U.S. Underwriters shall fail at Closing Time or a Date of Delivery to purchase the Securities which it or they are obligated to purchase under this Agreement (the "Defaulted Securities"), the U.S. Representatives shall have the right, within 24 hours thereafter, to make arrangements for one or more of the non-defaulting U.S. Underwriters, or any other underwriters, to purchase all, but not less than all, of the Defaulted Securities in such amounts as may be agreed upon and upon the terms herein set forth; if, however, the U.S. Representatives shall not have completed such arrangements within such 24-hour period, then: (a) if the number of Defaulted Securities does not exceed 10% of the number of U.S. Securities to be purchased on such date, each of the non-defaulting U.S. Underwriters shall be obligated, severally and not jointly, to purchase the full amount thereof in the proportions that their respective underwriting obligations hereunder bear to the underwriting obligations of all non-defaulting U.S. Underwriters, or (b) if the number of Defaulted Securities exceeds 10% of the number of U.S. Securities to be purchased on such date, this Agreement or, with respect to any Date of Delivery which occurs after the Closing Time, the obligation of the U.S. Underwriters to purchase and of the Company to sell the Option Securities to be purchased and sold on such Date of Delivery shall terminate without liability on the part of any non-defaulting U.S. Underwriter. No action taken pursuant to this Section shall relieve any defaulting U.S. Underwriter from liability in respect of its default. In the event of any such default which does not result in a termination of this Agreement or, in the case of a Date of Delivery which is after the Closing Time, which does not result in a termination of the obligation of the U.S. Underwriters to purchase and the Company to sell the relevant U.S. Option Securities, as the case may be, either the U.S. Representatives or the Company shall have the right to postpone the Closing Time or the relevant Date of Delivery, as the case may be, for a period not exceeding seven days in order to effect any required changes in the Registration Statement or Prospectus or in any other documents or arrangements. As used herein, the term "U.S. Underwriter" includes any person substituted for a U.S. Underwriter under this Section 10. SECTION 11. Notices. All notices and other communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have been duly given if mailed or transmitted by any standard form of telecommunication. Notices to the U.S. Underwriters shall be directed to the U.S. Representatives at North Tower, World Financial Center, New York, New York 10281-1201, attention of John J. Bolebruch; and notices to the Company shall be directed to it at Route 981 South at Westmoreland County Airport, Latrobe, PA 15650, attention of David T. Cofer. SECTION 12. Parties. This Agreement shall each inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the U.S. Underwriters and the Company and their respective successors. 30 27 Nothing expressed or mentioned in this Agreement is intended or shall be construed to give any person, firm or corporation, other than the U.S. Underwriters and the Company and their respective successors and the controlling persons and officers and directors referred to in Sections 6 and 7 and their heirs and legal representatives, any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under or in respect of this Agreement or any provision herein contained. This Agreement and all conditions and provisions hereof are intended to be for the sole and exclusive benefit of the U.S. Underwriters and the Company and their respective successors, and said controlling persons and officers and directors and their heirs and legal representatives, and for the benefit of no other person, firm or corporation. No purchaser of Securities from any U.S. Underwriter shall be deemed to be a successor by reason merely of such purchase. SECTION 13. GOVERNING LAW AND TIME. THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK. SPECIFIED TIMES OF DAY REFER TO NEW YORK CITY TIME. SECTION 14. Effect of Headings. The Article and Section headings herein and the Table of Contents are for convenience only and shall not affect the construction hereof. 31 28 If the foregoing is in accordance with your understanding of our agreement, please sign and return to the Company a counterpart hereof, whereupon this instrument, along with all counterparts, will become a binding agreement between the U.S. Underwriters and the Company in accordance with its terms. Very truly yours, KENNAMETAL INC. By______________________________ Title: CONFIRMED AND ACCEPTED, as of the date first above written: MERRILL LYNCH & CO. MERRILL LYNCH, PIERCE, FENNER & SMITH INCORPORATED CIBC OPPENHEIMER CORP. GOLDMAN, SACHS & CO. LEHMAN BROTHERS INC. BY: MERRILL LYNCH, PIERCE, FENNER & SMITH INCORPORATED By_______________________________________________ Authorized Signatory For themselves and as U.S. Representatives of the other U.S. Underwriters named in Schedule A hereto. 32 SCHEDULE A
Number of Initial U.S. Name of U.S. Underwriter Securities ------------------------ ---------- Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated.......................................................................... CIBC Oppenheimer Corp...................................................................... Goldman, Sachs & Co........................................................................ Lehman Brothers Inc........................................................................ --------- Total...................................................................................... 3,440,000 =========
Sch A - 1 33 SCHEDULE B KENNAMETAL INC. 3,440,000 Shares of Capital Stock (Par Value $1.25 Per Share) 1. The initial public offering price per share for the Securities, determined as provided in said Section 2, shall be $_________________. 2. The purchase price per share for the U.S. Securities to be paid by the several U.S. Underwriters shall be $_________________, being an amount equal to the initial public offering price set forth above less $___________________ per share; provided that the purchase price per share for any U.S. Option Securities purchased upon the exercise of the over-allotment option described in Section 2(b) shall be reduced by an amount per share equal to any dividends or distributions declared by the Company and payable on the Initial U.S. Securities but not payable on the U.S. Option Securities. Sch B-1 34 SCHEDULE C [List of Subsidiaries] Sch C-1 35 Exhibit A FORM OF OPINION OF COMPANY'S COUNSEL TO BE DELIVERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 5(b) (i) The Company has been duly incorporated and is validly existing as a corporation in good standing under the laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. (ii) The Company has corporate power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and to conduct its business as described in the Prospectuses and to enter into and perform its obligations under the U.S. Purchase Agreement and the International Purchase Agreement. (iii) The Company is duly qualified as a foreign corporation to transact business and is in good standing in each jurisdiction in which such qualification is required, whether by reason of the ownership or leasing of property or the conduct of business, except where the failure so to qualify or to be in good standing would not result in a Material Adverse Effect. (iv) The authorized, issued and outstanding capital stock of the Company is as set forth in the Prospectuses in the column entitled "Actual" under the caption "Capitalization" (except for subsequent issuances, if any, pursuant to the U.S. Purchase Agreement and the International Purchase Agreement or pursuant to reservations, agreements or employee benefit plans referred to in the Prospectuses or pursuant to the exercise of convertible securities or options referred to in the Prospectuses); the shares of issued and outstanding capital stock have been duly authorized and validly issued and are fully paid and non-assessable; and none of the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company was issued in violation of the preemptive or other similar rights of any securityholder of the Company. (v) The Securities to be purchased by the U.S. Underwriters and the International Managers from the Company have been duly authorized for issuance and sale to the Underwriters pursuant to the U.S. Purchase Agreement and the International Purchase Agreement, respectively, and, when issued and delivered by the Company pursuant to the U.S. Purchase Agreement and the International Purchase Agreement, respectively, against payment of the consideration set forth in the U.S. Purchase Agreement and the International Purchase Agreement, will be validly issued and fully paid and non-assessable and no holder of the Securities is or will be subject to personal liability by reason of being such a holder. (vi) The issuance of the Securities is not subject to the preemptive or other similar rights of any securityholder of the Company. A-1 36 (vii) Each U.S. Subsidiary has been duly incorporated and is validly existing as a corporation in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation, has corporate power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and to conduct its business as described in the Prospectuses and is duly qualified as a foreign corporation to transact business and is in good standing in each jurisdiction in which such qualification is required, whether by reason of the ownership or leasing of property or the conduct of business, except where the failure so to qualify or to be in good standing would not result in a Material Adverse Effect; except as otherwise disclosed in the Registration Statement, all of the issued and outstanding capital stock of each Subsidiary has been duly authorized and validly issued, is fully paid and non-assessable and, to the best of our knowledge, is owned by the Company, directly or through subsidiaries, free and clear of any security interest, mortgage, pledge, lien, encumbrance, claim or equity; none of the outstanding shares of capital stock of any Subsidiary was issued in violation of the preemptive or similar rights of any securityholder of such Subsidiary. (viii) The U.S. Purchase Agreement and the International Purchase Agreement have been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Company. (ix) The Registration Statement, including any Rule 462(b) Registration Statement, has been declared effective under the 1933 Act; any required filing of the Prospectuses pursuant to Rule 424(b) has been made in the manner and within the time period required by Rule 424(b); and, to the best of our knowledge, no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or any Rule 462(b) Registration Statement has been issued under the 1933 Act and no proceedings for that purpose have been instituted or are pending or threatened by the Commission. (x) The Registration Statement, including any Rule 462(b) Registration Statement, the Rule 430A Information and the Rule 434 Information, as applicable, the Prospectuses, excluding the documents incorporated by reference therein, and each amendment or supplement to the Registration Statement and the Prospectuses, excluding the documents incorporated by reference therein, as of their respective effective or issue dates (other than the financial statements and supporting schedules included therein or omitted therefrom, as to which we need express no opinion) complied as to form in all material respects with the requirements of the 1933 Act and the 1933 Act Regulations. (xi) The documents incorporated by reference in the Prospectuses (other than the financial statements and supporting schedules included therein or omitted therefrom, as to which we need express no opinion), when they were filed with the Commission, complied as to form in all material respects with the requirements of the 1934 Act, and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder. (xii) The form of certificate used to evidence the Common Stock complies in all material respects with all applicable statutory requirements, with any applicable requirements of the charter and by-laws of the Company and the requirements of the New York Stock Exchange. A-2 37 (xiii) To the best of our knowledge, there is not pending or threatened any action, suit, proceeding, inquiry or investigation, to which the Company or any subsidiary is a party, or to which the property of the Company or any subsidiary is subject, before or brought by any court or governmental agency or body, domestic or foreign, which might reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, or which might reasonably be expected to materially and adversely affect the consummation of the transactions contemplated in the U.S. Purchase Agreement and International Purchase Agreement or the Concurrent Offerings or the performance by the Company of its obligations thereunder. (xiv) The information in the Prospectuses under "Description of Common Stock", "Business--Properties", "Business--Regulation", "Business--Legal Matters", "Description of Other Offerings", and in the Registration Statement under Item 15, to the extent that it constitutes matters of law, summaries of legal matters, the Company's charter and bylaws or legal proceedings, or legal conclusions, has been reviewed by us and is correct in all material respects. (xv) To the best of our knowledge, there are no statutes or regulations that are required to be described in the Prospectuses that are not described as required. (xvi) All descriptions in the Prospectuses of contracts and other documents to which the Company or its subsidiaries are a party are accurate in all material respects; to the best of our knowledge, there are no franchises, contracts, indentures, mortgages, loan agreements, notes, leases or other instruments required to be described or referred to in the Registration Statement or to be filed as exhibits thereto other than those described or referred to therein or filed or incorporated by reference as exhibits thereto, and the descriptions thereof or references thereto are correct in all material respects. (xvii) To the best of our knowledge, neither the Company nor any subsidiary is in violation of its charter or by-laws and no default by the Company or any subsidiary exists in the due performance or observance of any material obligation, agreement, covenant or condition contained in any contract, indenture, mortgage, loan agreement, note, lease or other agreement or instrument that is described or referred to in the Registration Statement or the Prospectuses or filed or incorporated by reference as an exhibit to the Registration Statement. (xviii) No filing with, or authorization, approval, consent, license, order, registration, qualification or decree of, any court or governmental authority or agency, domestic or foreign (other than under the 1933 Act and the 1933 Act Regulations, which have been obtained, or as may be required under the securities or blue sky laws of the various states, as to which we need express no opinion) is necessary or required in connection with the due authorization, execution and delivery of the U.S. Purchase Agreement and the International Purchase Agreement or for the offering, issuance, sale or delivery of the Securities or the securities offered in the concurrent Offerings. A-3 38 (xix) The execution, delivery and performance of the U.S. Purchase Agreement and the International Purchase Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated in the U.S. Purchase Agreement, the International Purchase Agreement and in the Registration Statement (including the issuance and sale of the Securities, and the use of the proceeds from the sale of the Securities as described in the Prospectuses under the caption "Use Of Proceeds" and the Concurrent Offerings) and compliance by the Company with its obligations under the U.S. Purchase Agreement and the International Purchase Agreement do not and will not, whether with or without the giving of notice or lapse of time or both, conflict with or constitute a breach of, or default or Repayment Event (as defined in Section 1(a)(xi) of the Purchase Agreements) under or result in the creation or imposition of any lien, charge or encumbrance upon any property or assets of the Company or any subsidiary pursuant to any contract, indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, loan or credit agreement, note, lease or any other agreement or instrument, known to us, to which the Company or any subsidiary is a party or by which it or any of them may be bound, or to which any of the property or assets of the Company or any subsidiary is subject (except for such conflicts, breaches or defaults or liens, charges or encumbrances that would not have a Material Adverse Effect and except for the contemplated use of proceeds as described in the Registration Statement), nor will such action result in any violation of the provisions of the charter or by-laws of the Company or any subsidiary, or any applicable law, statute, rule, regulation, judgment, order, writ or decree, known to us, of any government, government instrumentality or court, domestic or foreign, having jurisdiction over the Company or any subsidiary or any of their respective properties, assets or operations. (xx) The Company is not an "investment company" or an entity "controlled" by an "investment company," as such terms are defined in the 1940 Act. (xxi) The rights under the Company's shareholder rights plan to which holders of the Securities will be entitled have been duly authorized and validly issued. Nothing has come to our attention that would lead us to believe that the Registration Statement or any amendment thereto, including the Rule 430A Information and Rule 434 Information (if applicable), (except for financial statements and schedules and other financial data included or incorporated by reference therein or omitted therefrom, as to which we need make no statement), at the time such Registration Statement or any such amendment became effective, contained an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading or that the Prospectuses or any amendment or supplement thereto (except for financial statements and schedules and other financial data included or incorporated by reference therein or omitted therefrom, as to which we need make no statement), at the time the Prospectuses were issued, at the time any such amended or supplemented prospectus was issued or at the Closing Time, included or includes an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted or omits to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. A-4 39 In rendering such opinion, such counsel may rely, as to matters of fact (but not as to legal conclusions), to the extent they deem proper, on certificates of responsible officers of the Company and public officials. Such opinion shall not state that it is to be governed or qualified by, or that it is otherwise subject to, any treatise, written policy or other document relating to legal opinions, including, without limitation, the Legal Opinion Accord of the ABA Section of Business Law (1991). A-5
   1
                                                                    Exhibit 1.2

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                                 KENNAMETAL INC.
                          (a Pennsylvania corporation)



                         860,000 Shares of Capital Stock




                        INTERNATIONAL PURCHASE AGREEMENT












                             Dated: January __, 1998



==============================================================================


   2


                                TABLE OF CONTENTS



                                                                                                         
SECTION 1.        Representations and Warranties................................................................  4
         (a)      Representations and Warranties by the Company.................................................  4
                  (i)       Compliance with Registration Requirements...........................................  4
                  (ii)      Incorporated Documents..............................................................  5
                  (iii)     Independent Accountants.............................................................  5
                  (iv)      Financial Statements................................................................  5
                  (v)       No Material Adverse Change in Business..............................................  6
                  (vi)      Good Standing of the Company........................................................  6
                  (vii)     Good Standing of Subsidiaries.......................................................  6
                  (viii)    Capitalization......................................................................  7
                  (ix)      Authorization of Agreement..........................................................  7
                  (x)       Authorization and Description of Securities.........................................  7
                  (xi)      Absence of Defaults and Conflicts...................................................  7
                  (xii)     Absence of Labor Dispute............................................................  8
                  (xiii)    Absence of Proceedings..............................................................  8
                  (xiv)     Accuracy of Exhibits................................................................  8
                  (xv)      Possession of Intellectual Property.................................................  9
                  (xvi)     Absence of Further Requirements.....................................................  9
                  (xvii)    Possession of Licenses and Permits..................................................  9
                  (xviii)   Title to Property...................................................................  9
                  (xix)     Compliance with Cuba Act............................................................ 10
                  (xx)      Investment Company Act.............................................................. 10
                  (xxi)     Environmental Laws.................................................................. 10
                  (xxii)    Registration Rights................................................................. 11
                  (xxiii)   Related Party Transactions.......................................................... 11
                  (xxiv)    Employee Matters.................................................................... 11
                  (xxv)     Taxes............................................................................... 11
         (b)      Officer's Certificates........................................................................ 11

SECTION 2.        Sale and Delivery to International Managers; Closing.......................................... 12
         (a)      Initial Securities............................................................................ 12
         (b)      Option Securities............................................................................. 12
         (c)      Payment....................................................................................... 12
         (d)      Denominations; Registration................................................................... 13

SECTION 3.        Covenants of the Company...................................................................... 13
         (a)      Compliance with Securities Regulations and Commission Requests................................ 13
         (b)      Filing of Amendments.......................................................................... 14
         (c)      Delivery of Registration Statements........................................................... 14
         (d)      Delivery of Prospectuses...................................................................... 14
         (e)      Continued Compliance with Securities Laws..................................................... 14
         (f)      Blue Sky Qualifications....................................................................... 15
-i- 3
Page ---- (g) Rule 158...................................................................................... 15 (h) Use of Proceeds............................................................................... 15 (i) Listing....................................................................................... 15 (j) Restriction on Sale of Securities............................................................. 15 (k) Reporting Requirements........................................................................ 16 SECTION 4. Payment of Expenses........................................................................... 16 (a) Expenses...................................................................................... 16 (b) Termination of Agreement...................................................................... 17 SECTION 5. Conditions of International Managers' Obligations............................................. 17 (a) Effectiveness of Registration Statement....................................................... 17 (b) Opinion of Counsel for Company................................................................ 17 (c) Opinion of Counsel for International Managers................................................. 17 (d) Opinion of German Counsel..................................................................... 18 (e) Officers' Certificate......................................................................... 18 (f) Accountant's Comfort Letter................................................................... 19 (g) Accountant's Comfort Letter................................................................... 19 (h) Bring-down Comfort Letter..................................................................... 19 (i) Bring-down Comfort Letter..................................................................... 19 (j) Approval of Listing........................................................................... 19 (k) Maintenance of Rating......................................................................... 19 (l) Purchase of Initial U.S. Securities........................................................... 19 (m) Conditions to Purchase of International Option Securities..................................... 20 (n) Additional Documents.......................................................................... 21 (o) Termination of Agreement...................................................................... 21 SECTION 6. Indemnification............................................................................... 21 (a) Indemnification of International Managers..................................................... 21 (b) Indemnification of Company, Directors and Officers............................................ 22 (c) Actions against Parties; Notification......................................................... 23 (d) Settlement without Consent if Failure to Reimburse............................................ 23 SECTION 7. Contribution.................................................................................. 23 SECTION 8. Representations, Warranties and Agreements to Survive Delivery................................ 25 SECTION 9. Termination of Agreement...................................................................... 25 (a) Termination; General.......................................................................... 25 (b) Liabilities................................................................................... 25 SECTION 10. Default by One or More of the International Managers.......................................... 26 SECTION 11. Notices....................................................................................... 26
-ii- 4
Page ---- SECTION 12. Parties............................................................................................ 27 SECTION 13. GOVERNING LAW AND TIME............................................................................. 27 SECTION 14. Effect of Headings................................................................................. 27 SCHEDULES Schedule A - List of Underwriters..................................................................Sch A-1 Schedule B - Pricing Information...................................................................Sch B-1 Schedule C - List of Subsidiaries..................................................................Sch C-1 EXHIBITS Exhibit A - Form of Opinion of Company's Counsel.......................................................A-1
-iii- 5 Draft of January 13, 1998 KENNAMETAL INC. (a Pennsylvania corporation) 860,000 Shares of Capital Stock (Par Value $1.25 Per Share) INTERNATIONAL PURCHASE AGREEMENT Dated: January __, 1998 MERRILL LYNCH INTERNATIONAL CIBC OPPENHEIMER CORP. GOLDMAN SACHS INTERNATIONAL LEHMAN BROTHERS INTERNATIONAL (EUROPE) as Lead Managers of the several International Managers c/o Merrill Lynch International Ropemaker Place 25 Ropemaker Street London EC2Y 9LY England Ladies and Gentlemen: Kennametal Inc., a Pennsylvania corporation (the "Company"), confirms its agreement with Merrill Lynch International ("Merrill Lynch") and each of the other international underwriters named in Schedule A hereto (collectively, the "International Managers", which term shall also include any underwriter substituted as hereinafter provided in Section 10 hereof), for whom Merrill Lynch, CIBC Oppenheimer Corp., Goldman Sachs International and Lehman Brothers International (Europe) acting as representatives (in such capacity, the "Lead Managers"), with respect to the issue and sale by the Company and the purchase by the International Managers, acting severally and not jointly, of the respective numbers of shares of Capital Stock, par value $1.25 per share, of the Company ("Common Stock") set forth in said Schedule A, and with respect to the grant by the Company to the International Managers, acting severally and not jointly, of the option described in Section 2(b) hereof to purchase all or any part of 129,000 additional shares of Common Stock to cover over-allotments, if any. The aforesaid 860,000 shares of Common Stock (the "Initial International Securities") to be purchased by the International Managers and all or any part of the 129,000 shares of Common Stock subject to the option described in Section 2(b) hereof (the "International Option Securities") are hereinafter called, collectively, the "International Securities". It is understood that the Company is concurrently entering into an agreement dated the date hereof (the "U.S. Purchase Agreement") providing for the offering by the -1- 6 Company of an aggregate of 3,440,000 shares of Common Stock (the "Initial U.S. Securities") through arrangements with certain underwriters in the United States and Canada (the "U.S. Underwriters") for which Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated, CIBC Oppenheimer Corp., Goldman, Sachs & Co. and Lehman Brothers Inc. are acting as representatives (the "U.S. Representatives") and the grant by the Company to the U.S. Underwriters, acting severally and not jointly, of an option to purchase all or any part of the U.S. Underwriters' pro rata portion of up to 516,000 additional shares of Common Stock solely to cover overallotments, if any (the "U.S. Option Securities" and, together with the International Option Securities, the "Option Securities"). The Initial U.S. Securities and the U.S. Option Securities are hereinafter called the "U.S. Securities". It is understood that the Company is not obligated to sell and the International Managers are not obligated to purchase, any Initial International Securities unless all of the Initial U.S. Securities are contemporaneously purchased by the U.S. Underwriters. The International Managers and the U.S. Underwriters are hereinafter collectively called the "Underwriters", the Initial International Securities and the Initial U.S. Securities are hereinafter collectively called the "Initial Securities", and the International Securities, and the U.S. Securities are hereinafter collectively called the "Securities". The Underwriters will concurrently enter into an Intersyndicate Agreement of even date herewith (the "Intersyndicate Agreement") providing for the coordination of certain transactions among the Underwriters under the direction of Merrill Lynch & Co., Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated (in such capacity, the "Global Coordinator"). The Company understands that the International Managers propose to make a public offering of the International Securities as soon as the Lead Managers deem advisable after this Agreement has been executed and delivered. The Company has filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "Commission") a registration statement on Form S-3 (No. 333-40809) covering the registration of the Securities under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "1933 Act"), including the related preliminary prospectus or prospectuses. Promptly after execution and delivery of this Agreement, the Company will either (i) prepare and file a prospectus in accordance with the provisions of Rule 430A ("Rule 430A") of the rules and regulations of the Commission under the 1933 Act (the "1933 Act Regulations") and paragraph (b) of Rule 424 ("Rule 424(b)") of the 1933 Act Regulations or (ii) if the Company has elected to rely upon Rule 434 ("Rule 434") of the 1933 Act Regulations, prepare and file a term sheet (a "Term Sheet") in accordance with the provisions of Rule 434 and Rule 424(b). Two forms of prospectus are to be used in connection with the offering and sale of the Securities: one relating to the International Securities (the "Form of International Prospectus") and one relating to the U.S. Securities (the "Form of U.S. Prospectus"). The Form of International Prospectus is identical to the Form of U.S. Prospectus, except for the front cover and back cover pages and the information under the caption "Underwriting" and the inclusion in the Form of International Prospectus of a section under the caption "Certain U.S. Tax Consequences to Non-U.S. Holders." The information included in any such prospectus or in -2- 7 any such Term Sheet, as the case may be, that was omitted from such registration statement at the time it became effective but that is deemed to be part of such registration statement at the time it became effective (a) pursuant to paragraph (b) of Rule 430A is referred to as "Rule 430A Information" or (b) pursuant to paragraph (d) of Rule 434 is referred to as "Rule 434 Information." Each Form of International Prospectus and Form of U.S. Prospectus used before such registration statement became effective, and any prospectus that omitted, as applicable, the Rule 430A Information or the Rule 434 Information, that was used after such effectiveness and prior to the execution and delivery of this Agreement, is herein called a "preliminary prospectus." Such registration statement, including the exhibits thereto, schedules thereto, if any, and the documents incorporated by reference therein pursuant to Item 12 of Form S-3 under the 1933 Act, at the time it became effective and including the Rule 430A Information and the Rule 434 Information, as applicable, is herein called the "Registration Statement." Any registration statement filed pursuant to Rule 462(b) of the 1933 Act Regulations is herein referred to as the "Rule 462(b) Registration Statement," and after such filing the term "Registration Statement" shall include the Rule 462(b) Registration Statement. The final Form of International Prospectus and the final Form of U.S. Prospectus, including the documents incorporated by reference therein pursuant to Item 12 of Form S-3 under the 1933 Act, in the forms first furnished to the Underwriters for use in connection with the offering of the Securities are herein called the "International Prospectus" and the "U.S. Prospectus," respectively, and collectively, the "Prospectuses." If Rule 434 is relied on, the terms "International Prospectus" and "U.S. Prospectus" shall refer to the preliminary International Prospectus dated January 2, 1998 and preliminary U.S. Prospectus dated January 2, 1998, respectively, each together with the applicable Term Sheet and all references in this Agreement to the date of such Prospectuses shall mean the date of the applicable Term Sheet. For purposes of this Agreement, all references to the Registration Statement, any preliminary prospectus, the International Prospectus, the U.S. Prospectus or any Term Sheet or any amendment or supplement to any of the foregoing shall be deemed to include the copy filed with the Commission pursuant to its Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis and Retrieval system ("EDGAR"). All references in this Agreement to financial statements and schedules and other information which is "contained," "included" or "stated" in the Registration Statement, any preliminary prospectus (including the Form of U.S. Prospectus and Form of International Prospectus) or the Prospectuses (or other references of like import) shall be deemed to mean and include all such financial statements and schedules and other information which is incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, any preliminary prospectus (including the Form of U.S. Prospectus and Form of International Prospectus) or the Prospectuses, as the case may be; and all references in this Agreement to amendments or supplements to the Registration Statement, any preliminary prospectus or the Prospectuses shall be deemed to mean and include the filing of any document under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the "1934 Act") which is incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, such preliminary prospectus or the Prospectuses, as the case may be. -3- 8 SECTION 1. Representations and Warranties. (a) Representations and Warranties by the Company. The Company represents and warrants to each International Manager as of the date hereof, as of the Closing Time referred to in Section 2(c) hereof, and as of each Date of Delivery (if any) referred to in Section 2(b) hereof, and agrees with each International Manager, as follows: (i) Compliance with Registration Requirements. The Company meets the requirements for use of Form S-3 under the 1933 Act. Each of the Registration Statement and any Rule 462(b) Registration Statement has become effective under the 1933 Act and no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or any Rule 462(b) Registration Statement has been issued under the 1933 Act and no proceedings for that purpose have been instituted or are pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, are contemplated by the Commission, and any request on the part of the Commission for additional information has been complied with. At the respective times the Registration Statement, any Rule 462(b) Registration Statement and any post-effective amendments thereto became effective and at the Closing Time (and, if any International Option Securities are purchased, at the Date of Delivery), the Registration Statement, the Rule 462(b) Registration Statement and any amendments and supplements thereto complied and will comply in all material respects with the requirements of the 1933 Act and the 1933 Act Regulations and did not and will not contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading. Neither of the Prospectuses nor any amendments or supplements thereto, at the time the Prospectuses or any amendments or supplements thereto were issued and at the Closing Time (and, if any International Option Securities are purchased, at the Date of Delivery), included or will include an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted or will omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. If Rule 434 is used, the Company will comply with the requirements of Rule 434. The representations and warranties in this subsection shall not apply to statements in or omissions from the Registration Statement or the International Prospectus made in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished to the Company in writing by any International Manager through the Lead Managers expressly for use in the Registration Statement or the International Prospectus. Each preliminary prospectus and the prospectuses filed as part of the Registration Statement as originally filed or as part of any amendment thereto, or filed pursuant to Rule 424 under the 1933 Act, complied when so filed in all material respects with the 1933 Act Regulations and each preliminary prospectus and the Prospectuses delivered to the Underwriters for use in connection with this offering was identical to the electronically transmitted copies thereof filed with the Commission pursuant to EDGAR, except to the extent permitted by Regulation S-T. -4- 9 (ii) Incorporated Documents. The documents incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement and the Prospectuses, at the time they were or hereafter are filed with the Commission, complied and will comply in all material respects with the requirements of the 1933 Act and the 1933 Act Regulations or the 1934 Act and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder (the "1934 Act Regulations"), and, when read together with the other information in the Prospectuses, at the time the Registration Statement became effective, at the time the Prospectuses were issued and at the Closing Time (and, if any International Option Securities are purchased, at the Date of Delivery), did not and will not contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading. (iii) Independent Accountants. Arthur Andersen LLP, the accountants who certified the financial statements and supporting schedules of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries included in the Registration Statement, are independent public accountants as required by the 1933 Act and the 1933 Act Regulations; and Price Waterhouse LLP, the accountants who certified the financial statements and supporting schedules of Greenfield Industries, Inc. ("Greenfield") included in the Registration Statement, are independent public accountants as required by the 1933 Act and the 1933 Act Regulations. (iv) Financial Statements. The financial statements of the Company included in the Registration Statement and the Prospectuses, together with the related schedules and notes, present fairly the financial position of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries at the dates indicated and the statement of operations, shareholders' equity and cash flows of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries for the periods specified; the financial statements of Greenfield included in the Registration Statement and the Prospectuses, together with the related schedules and notes, present fairly the financial position of Greenfield and its consolidated subsidiaries at the dates indicated and the statement of operations, stockholders' equity and cash flows of Greenfield and its consolidated subsidiaries for the periods specified; each of said financial statements have been prepared in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") applied on a consistent basis throughout the periods involved. The supporting schedules, if any, included in the Registration Statement present fairly in accordance with GAAP the information required to be stated therein. The selected financial data and the summary financial information included in the Prospectuses present fairly the information shown therein and have been compiled on a basis consistent with that of the audited financial statements included in the Registration Statement. The pro forma financial statements and the related notes thereto included in the Registration Statement and the Prospectuses present fairly the information shown therein, have been prepared in accordance with the Commission's rules and guidelines with respect to pro forma financial statements and have been properly compiled on the bases described therein, and the assumptions used in the preparation thereof are reasonable and the adjustments -5- 10 used therein are appropriate to give effect to the transactions and circumstances referred to therein. (v) No Material Adverse Change in Business. Since the respective dates as of which information is given in the Registration Statement and the Prospectuses, except as otherwise stated therein, (A) there has been no material adverse change in the condition, financial or otherwise, or in the earnings, business affairs or business prospects of the Company and its subsidiaries considered as one enterprise, whether or not arising in the ordinary course of business (a "Material Adverse Effect"), (B) there have been no transactions entered into by the Company or any of its subsidiaries, other than those in the ordinary course of business, which are material with respect to the Company and its subsidiaries considered as one enterprise, and (C) except for regular quarterly dividends on the Common Stock in amounts per share that are consistent with past practice, there has been no dividend or distribution of any kind declared, paid or made by the Company on any class of its capital stock. (vi) Good Standing of the Company. The Company has been duly organized and is validly existing as a corporation in good standing under the laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and has corporate power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and to conduct its business as described in the Prospectuses and to enter into and perform its obligations under this Agreement; and the Company is duly qualified as a foreign corporation to transact business and is in good standing in each other jurisdiction in which such qualification is required, whether by reason of the ownership or leasing of property or the conduct of business, except where the failure so to qualify or to be in good standing would not result in a Material Adverse Effect. (vii) Good Standing of Subsidiaries. Each "significant subsidiary" of the Company (as such term is defined in Rule 1-02 of Regulation S-X) (each a "Subsidiary" and, collectively, the "Subsidiaries") has been duly organized and is validly existing as a corporation in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation, has corporate power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and to conduct its business as described in the Prospectuses and is duly qualified as a foreign corporation to transact business and is in good standing in each jurisdiction in which such qualification is required, whether by reason of the ownership or leasing of property or the conduct of business, except where the failure so to qualify or to be in good standing would not result in a Material Adverse Effect; all of the issued and outstanding capital stock of each such Subsidiary has been duly authorized and validly issued, is fully paid and non-assessable and is owned by the Company, directly or through subsidiaries, free and clear of any security interest, mortgage, pledge, lien, encumbrance, claim or equity; none of the outstanding shares of capital stock of any Subsidiary was issued in violation of the preemptive or similar rights of any securityholder of such Subsidiary. The only Subsidiaries of the Company are the subsidiaries listed on Schedule C hereto. -6- 11 (viii) Capitalization. The authorized, issued and outstanding capital stock of the Company is as set forth in the Prospectuses in the column entitled "Actual" under the caption "Capitalization" (except for subsequent issuances, if any, pursuant to this Agreement, pursuant to reservations, agreements or employee benefit plans referred to in the Prospectuses or pursuant to the exercise of convertible securities or options referred to in the Prospectuses). The shares of issued and outstanding capital stock of the Company have been duly authorized and validly issued and are fully paid and non-assessable; none of the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company was issued in violation of the preemptive or other similar rights of any securityholder of the Company. (ix) Authorization of Agreement. This Agreement and the U.S. Purchase Agreement have been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Company. (x) Authorization and Description of Securities. The Securities to be purchased by the International Managers and the U.S. Underwriters from the Company have been duly authorized for issuance and sale to the International Managers pursuant to this Agreement and the U.S. Underwriters pursuant to the U.S. Purchase Agreement, respectively, and, when issued and delivered by the Company pursuant to this Agreement and the U.S. Purchase Agreement, respectively, against payment of the consideration set forth herein and the U.S. Purchase Agreement, respectively, will be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable; the Common Stock conforms to all statements relating thereto contained in the Prospectuses and such description conforms to the rights set forth in the instruments defining the same; no holder of the Securities will be subject to personal liability by reason of being such a holder; and the issuance of the Securities is not subject to the preemptive or other similar rights of any securityholder of the Company. (xi) Absence of Defaults and Conflicts. Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries is in violation of its charter or by-laws or in default in the performance or observance of any obligation, agreement, covenant or condition contained in any contract, indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, loan or credit agreement, note, lease or other agreement or instrument to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is a party or by which it or any of them may be bound, or to which any of the property or assets of the Company or any subsidiary is subject (collectively, "Agreements and Instruments") except for such defaults that would not result in a Material Adverse Effect; and the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and the U.S. Purchase Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated in this Agreement, the U.S. Purchase Agreement and in the Registration Statement (including the issuance and sale of the Securities, the use of the proceeds from the sale of the Securities as described in the Prospectuses under the caption "Use of Proceeds" and the concurrent issuance and sale by the Company of 4,500,000 FELINE PRIDES(SM) and $450,000,000 aggregate principal amount of senior debt (the "Concurrent Offerings")) and compliance by the Company with its obligations under this Agreement and the U.S. Purchase Agreement have been duly authorized by all -7- 12 necessary corporate action and do not and will not, whether with or without the giving of notice or passage of time or both, conflict with or constitute a breach of, or default or Repayment Event (as defined below) under, or result in the creation or imposition of any lien, charge or encumbrance upon any property or assets of the Company or any subsidiary pursuant to, the Agreements and Instruments (except for such conflicts, breaches or defaults or liens, charges or encumbrances that would not result in a Material Adverse Effect and except for the contemplated use of proceeds as described in the Registration Statement), nor will such action result in any violation of the provisions of the charter or by-laws of the Company or any subsidiary or any applicable law, statute, rule, regulation, judgment, order, writ or decree of any government, government instrumentality or court, domestic or foreign, having jurisdiction over the Company or any subsidiary or any of their assets, properties or operations. As used herein, a "Repayment Event" means any event or condition which gives the holder of any note, debenture or other evidence of indebtedness (or any person acting on such holder's behalf) the right to require the repurchase, redemption or repayment of all or a portion of such indebtedness by the Company or any subsidiary. (xii) Absence of Labor Dispute. No labor dispute with the employees of the Company or any subsidiary exists or, to the knowledge of the Company, is imminent, and the Company is not aware of any existing or imminent labor disturbance by the employees of any of its or any subsidiary's principal suppliers, manufacturers, customers or contractors, which, in either case, may reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. (xiii) Absence of Proceedings. There is no action, suit, proceeding, inquiry or investigation before or brought by any court or governmental agency or body, domestic or foreign, now pending, or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened, against or affecting the Company or any subsidiary, which is required to be disclosed in the Registration Statement (other than as disclosed therein), or which might reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, or which might reasonably be expected to materially and adversely affect the consummation of the transactions contemplated in this Agreement and the U.S. Purchase Agreement or the Concurrent Offerings or the performance by the Company of its obligations hereunder or thereunder; the aggregate of all pending legal or governmental proceedings to which the Company or any subsidiary is a party or of which any of their respective property or assets is the subject which are not described in the Registration Statement, including ordinary routine litigation incidental to the business, could not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. (xiv) Accuracy of Exhibits. There are no contracts or documents which are required to be described in the Registration Statement, the Prospectuses or the documents incorporated by reference therein or to be filed as exhibits thereto which have not been so described and filed as required. -8- 13 (xv) Possession of Intellectual Property. The Company and its subsidiaries own or possess, or can acquire on reasonable terms, adequate patents, patent rights, licenses, inventions, copyrights, know-how (including trade secrets and other unpainted and/or unpatentable proprietary or confidential information, systems or procedures), trademarks, service marks, trade names or other intellectual property (collectively, "Intellectual Property") necessary to carry on the business now operated by them, and neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has received any notice or is otherwise aware of any infringement of or conflict with asserted rights of others with respect to any Intellectual Property or of any facts or circumstances which would render any Intellectual Property invalid or inadequate to protect the interest of the Company or any of its subsidiaries therein, and which infringement or conflict (if the subject of any unfavorable decision, ruling or finding) or invalidity or inadequacy, singly or in the aggregate, would result in a Material Adverse Effect. (xvi) Absence of Further Requirements. No filing with, or authorization, approval, consent, license, order, registration, qualification or decree of, any court or governmental authority or agency is necessary or required for the performance by the Company of its obligations hereunder, in connection with the offering, issuance or sale of the Securities under this Agreement and the U.S. Purchase Agreement or the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the U.S. Purchase Agreement or in connection with the offering, issuance or sale of the securities offered in the Concurrent Offerings, except such as have been already obtained or as may be required under the 1933 Act or the 1933 Act Regulations and foreign or state securities or blue sky laws. (xvii) Possession of Licenses and Permits. The Company and its subsidiaries possess such permits, licenses, approvals, consents and other authorizations (collectively, "Governmental Licenses") issued by the appropriate federal, state, local or foreign regulatory agencies or bodies necessary to conduct the business now operated by them; the Company and its subsidiaries are in compliance with the terms and conditions of all such Governmental Licenses, except where the failure so to comply would not, singly or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect; all of the Governmental Licenses are valid and in full force and effect, except when the invalidity of such Governmental Licenses or the failure of such Governmental Licenses to be in full force and effect would not have a Material Adverse Effect; and neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has received any notice of proceedings relating to the revocation or modification of any such Governmental Licenses which, singly or in the aggregate, if the subject of an unfavorable decision, ruling or finding, would result in a Material Adverse Effect. (xviii) Title to Property. The Company and its subsidiaries have good and marketable title to all real property owned by the Company and its subsidiaries and good title to all other properties owned by them, in each case, free and clear of all mortgages, pledges, liens, security interests, claims, restrictions or encumbrances of any kind except such as (a) are described in the Prospectuses or (b) do not, singly or -9- 14 in the aggregate, materially affect the value of such property and do not interfere with the use made and proposed to be made of such property by the Company or any of its subsidiaries; and all of the leases and subleases material to the business of the Company and its subsidiaries, considered as one enterprise, and under which the Company or any of its subsidiaries holds properties described in the Prospectuses, are in full force and effect, and neither the Company nor any subsidiary has any notice of any material claim of any sort that has been asserted by anyone adverse to the rights of the Company or any subsidiary under any of the leases or subleases mentioned above, or affecting or questioning the rights of the Company or such subsidiary to the continued possession of the leased or subleased premises under any such lease or sublease. (xix) Compliance with Cuba Act. The Company has complied with, and is and will be in compliance with, the provisions of that certain Florida act relating to disclosure of doing business with Cuba, codified as Section 517.075 of the Florida statutes, and the rules and regulations thereunder (collectively, the "Cuba Act") or is exempt therefrom. (xx) Investment Company Act. The Company is not, and upon the issuance and sale of the Securities as herein contemplated and the application of the net proceeds therefrom as described in the Prospectuses will not be, an "investment company" or an entity "controlled" by an "investment company" as such terms are defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the "1940 Act"). (xxi) Environmental Laws. Except as described in the Registration Statement and except as would not, singly or in the aggregate, result in a Material Adverse Effect, (A) neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries is in violation of any federal, state, local or foreign statute, law, rule, regulation, ordinance, code, policy or rule of common law or any judicial or administrative interpretation thereof, including any judicial or administrative order, consent, decree or judgment, relating to pollution or protection of human health, the environment (including, without limitation, ambient air, surface water, groundwater, land surface or subsurface strata) or wildlife, including, without limitation, laws and regulations relating to the release or threatened release of chemicals, pollutants, contaminants, wastes, toxic substances, hazardous substances, petroleum or petroleum products (collectively, "Hazardous Materials") or to the manufacture, processing, distribution, use, treatment, storage, disposal, transport or handling of Hazardous Materials (collectively, "Environmental Laws"), (B) the Company and its subsidiaries have all permits, authorizations and approvals required under any applicable Environmental Laws and are each in compliance with their requirements, (C) there are no pending or threatened administrative, regulatory or judicial actions, suits, demands, demand letters, claims, liens, notices of noncompliance or violation, investigation or proceedings relating to any Environmental Law against the Company or any of its subsidiaries and (D) there are no events or circumstances that might reasonably be expected to form the basis of an order for clean-up or remediation, or an action, suit or proceeding by any private party or -10- 15 governmental body or agency, against or affecting the Company or any of its subsidiaries relating to Hazardous Materials or any Environmental Laws. (xxii) Registration Rights. There are no persons with registration rights or other similar rights to have any securities registered pursuant to the Registration Statement or otherwise registered by the Company under the 1933 Act. (xxiii) Related Party Transactions. No relationship, direct or indirect, exists between or among the Company on the one hand, and the directors, officers, shareholders, customers or suppliers of the Company on the other hand, which is required to be described in the Prospectuses which is not so described. (xxiv) Employee Matters. The Company and any entity which would be treated as a single employer under Section 414(b), (c), (m) or (o) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, including the regulations and published interpretations thereunder (the "Code") (each such entity, an "ERISA Affiliate"), is in compliance in all material respects with all presently applicable provisions of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended, including the regulations and published interpretations thereunder ("ERISA"), and, if applicable, the Code; no "reportable event" (as defined in ERISA) has occurred with respect to any "pension plan" (as defined in ERISA) for which the Company or any ERISA Affiliate would have any liability; neither the Company nor any ERISA Affiliate has incurred or expects to incur liability under (i) Title IV of ERISA with respect to termination of, or withdrawal from, any such "pension plan" or (ii) Sections 412 or 4971 of the Code; and each "pension plan" for which the Company or any ERISA Affiliate would have any liability that is intended to be qualified under Section 401(a) of the Code is so qualified in all material respects and nothing has occurred, whether by action or by failure to act, which would cause the loss of such qualification. (xxv) Taxes. The Company has filed all federal, state, local and foreign income and franchise tax returns required to be filed through the date hereof and has paid all taxes due thereon, and no tax deficiency has been determined adversely to the Company or any of its subsidiaries which has had (nor does the Company have any knowledge of any tax deficiency which, if determined adversely to the Company or any of its subsidiaries, might have) a Material Adverse Effect or a material adverse effect on the condition, financial or otherwise, or on the earnings, business affairs or business prospects of the Company and its subsidiaries considered as one enterprise. (b) Officer's Certificates. Any certificate signed by any officer of the Company or any of its subsidiaries delivered to the Global Coordinator, the Lead Managers or to counsel for the International Managers shall be deemed a representation and warranty by the Company to each International Manager as to the matters covered thereby. -11- 16 SECTION 2. Sale and Delivery to International Managers; Closing. (a) Initial Securities. On the basis of the representations and warranties herein contained and subject to the terms and conditions herein set forth, the Company agrees to sell to each International Manager, severally and not jointly, and each International Manager, severally and not jointly, agrees to purchase from the Company, at the price per share set forth in Schedule B, the number of Initial International Securities set forth in Schedule A opposite the name of such International Manager, plus any additional number of Initial International Securities which such International Manager may become obligated to purchase pursuant to the provisions of Section 10 hereof. (b) Option Securities. In addition, on the basis of the representations and warranties herein contained and subject to the terms and conditions herein set forth, the Company hereby grants an option to the International Managers, severally and not jointly, to purchase up to an additional 129,000 shares of Common Stock at the price per share set forth in Schedule B, less an amount per share equal to any dividends or distributions declared by the Company and payable on the Initial International Securities but not payable on the International Option Securities. The option hereby granted will expire 30 days after the date hereof and may be exercised in whole or in part from time to time only for the purpose of covering over-allotments which may be made in connection with the offering and distribution of the Initial International Securities upon notice by the Global Coordinator to the Company setting forth the number of International Option Securities as to which the several International Managers are then exercising the option and the time and date of payment and delivery for such International Option Securities. Any such time and date of delivery for the International Option Securities (a "Date of Delivery") shall be determined by the Global Coordinator, but shall not be later than seven full business days after the exercise of said option, nor in any event prior to the Closing Time, as hereinafter defined. If the option is exercised as to all or any portion of the International Option Securities, each of the International Managers, acting severally and not jointly, will purchase that proportion of the total number of International Option Securities then being purchased which the number of Initial International Securities set forth in Schedule A opposite the name of such International Manager bears to the total number of Initial International Securities, subject in each case to such adjustments as the Global Coordinator in its discretion shall make to eliminate any sales or purchases of fractional shares. (c) Payment. Payment of the purchase price for, and delivery of certificates for, the Initial Securities shall be made at the offices of Simpson Thacher & Bartlett, 425 Lexington Avenue, New York, New York 10017, or at such other place as shall be agreed upon by the Global Coordinator and the Company, at 9:00 A.M. (Eastern time) on the third (fourth, if the pricing occurs after 4:30 P.M. (Eastern time) on any given day) business day after the date hereof (unless postponed in accordance with the provisions of Section 10), or such other time not later than ten business days after such date as shall be agreed upon by the Global Coordinator and the Company (such time and date of payment and delivery being herein called "Closing Time"). -12- 17 In addition, in the event that any or all of the International Option Securities are purchased by the International Managers, payment of the purchase price for, and delivery of certificates for, such International Option Securities shall be made at the above-mentioned offices, or at such other place as shall be agreed upon by the Global Coordinator and the Company, on each Date of Delivery as specified in the notice from the Global Coordinator to the Company. Payment shall be made to the Company by wire transfer of immediately available funds to a bank account designated by the Company, against delivery to the Lead Managers for the respective accounts of the International Managers of certificates for the International Securities to be purchased by them. It is understood that each International Manager has authorized the Lead Managers, for its account, to accept delivery of, receipt for, and make payment of the purchase price for, the Initial International Securities and the International Option Securities, if any, which it has agreed to purchase. Merrill Lynch, individually and not as representative of the International Managers, may (but shall not be obligated to) make payment of the purchase price for the Initial International Securities or the International Option Securities, if any, to be purchased by any International Manager whose funds have not been received by the Closing Time or the relevant Date of Delivery, as the case may be, but such payment shall not relieve such International Manager from its obligations hereunder. (d) Denominations; Registration. Certificates for the Initial International Securities and the International Option Securities, if any, shall be in such denominations and registered in such names as the Lead Managers may request in writing at least one full business day before the Closing Time or the relevant Date of Delivery, as the case may be. The certificates for the Initial International Securities and the International Option Securities, if any, will be made available for examination and packaging by the Lead Managers in The City of New York not later than 10:00 A.M. (Eastern time) on the business day prior to the Closing Time or the relevant Date of Delivery, as the case may be. SECTION 3. Covenants of the Company. The Company covenants with each International Manager as follows: (a) Compliance with Securities Regulations and Commission Requests. The Company, subject to Section 3(b), will comply with the requirements of Rule 430A or Rule 434, as applicable, and will notify the Global Coordinator immediately, and confirm the notice in writing, (i) when any post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement shall become effective, or any supplement to the Prospectuses or any amended Prospectuses shall have been filed, (ii) of the receipt of any comments from the Commission, (iii) of any request by the Commission for any amendment to the Registration Statement or any amendment or supplement to the Prospectuses or for additional information, and (iv) of the issuance by the Commission of any stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or of any order preventing or suspending the use of any preliminary prospectus, or of the suspension of the qualification of the Securities for offering or sale in any jurisdiction, or of the initiation or threatening of any proceedings for any of such purposes. The Company will -13- 18 promptly effect the filings necessary pursuant to Rule 424(b) and will take such steps as it deems necessary to ascertain promptly whether the form of prospectus transmitted for filing under Rule 424(b) was received for filing by the Commission and, in the event that it was not, it will promptly file such prospectus. The Company will make every reasonable effort to prevent the issuance of any stop order and, if any stop order is issued, to obtain the lifting thereof at the earliest possible moment. (b) Filing of Amendments. The Company will give the Global Coordinator notice of its intention to file or prepare any amendment to the Registration Statement (including any filing under Rule 462(b)), any Term Sheet or any amendment, supplement or revision to either the prospectus included in the Registration Statement at the time it became effective or to the Prospectuses, whether pursuant to the 1933 Act, the 1934 Act or otherwise, will furnish the Global Coordinator with copies of any such documents a reasonable amount of time prior to such proposed filing or use, as the case may be, and will not file or use any such document to which the Global Coordinator or counsel for the International Managers shall reasonably object. (c) Delivery of Registration Statements. The Company has furnished or will deliver to the Lead Managers and counsel for the International Managers, without charge, signed copies of the Registration Statement as originally filed and of each amendment thereto (including exhibits filed therewith or incorporated by reference therein and documents incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference therein) and signed copies of all consents and certificates of experts, and will also deliver to the Lead Managers, without charge, a conformed copy of the Registration Statement as originally filed and of each amendment thereto (without exhibits) for each of the International Managers. The copies of the Registration Statement and each amendment thereto furnished to the International Managers will be identical to the electronically transmitted copies thereof filed with the Commission pursuant to EDGAR, except to the extent permitted by Regulation S-T. (d) Delivery of Prospectuses. The Company has delivered to each International Manager, without charge, as many copies of each preliminary prospectus as such International Manager reasonably requested, and the Company hereby consents to the use of such copies for purposes permitted by the 1933 Act. The Company will furnish to each International Manager, without charge, during the period when the International Prospectus is required to be delivered under the 1933 Act or the 1934 Act, such number of copies of the International Prospectus (as amended or supplemented) as such International Manager may reasonably request. The International Prospectus and any amendments or supplements thereto furnished to the International Managers will be identical to the electronically transmitted copies thereof filed with the Commission pursuant to EDGAR, except to the extent permitted by Regulation S-T. (e) Continued Compliance with Securities Laws. The Company will comply with the 1933 Act and the 1933 Act Regulations and the 1934 Act and the 1934 Act Regulations so as to permit the completion of the distribution of the Securities as contemplated in this Agreement, the U.S. Purchase Agreement and in the Prospectuses. If at -14- 19 any time when a prospectus is required by the 1933 Act to be delivered in connection with sales of the Securities, any event shall occur or condition shall exist as a result of which it is necessary, in the opinion of counsel for the International Managers or for the Company, to amend the Registration Statement or amend or supplement any Prospectus in order that the Prospectuses will not include any untrue statements of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein not misleading in the light of the circumstances existing at the time it is delivered to a purchaser, or if it shall be necessary, in the opinion of such counsel, at any such time to amend the Registration Statement or amend or supplement any Prospectus in order to comply with the requirements of the 1933 Act or the 1933 Act Regulations, the Company will promptly prepare and file with the Commission, subject to Section 3(b), such amendment or supplement as may be necessary to correct such statement or omission or to make the Registration Statement or the Prospectuses comply with such requirements, and the Company will furnish to the International Managers such number of copies of such amendment or supplement as the International Managers may reasonably request. (f) Blue Sky Qualifications. The Company will use its best efforts, in cooperation with the International Managers, to qualify the Securities for offering and sale under the applicable securities laws of such states and other jurisdictions as the Global Coordinator may designate and to maintain such qualifications in effect for a period of not less than one year from the later of the effective date of the Registration Statement and any Rule 462(b) Registration Statement; provided, however, that the Company shall not be obligated to file any general consent to service of process or to qualify as a foreign corporation or as a dealer in securities in any jurisdiction in which it is not so qualified or to subject itself to taxation in respect of doing business in any jurisdiction in which it is not otherwise so subject. In each jurisdiction in which the Securities have been so qualified, the Company will file such statements and reports as may be required by the laws of such jurisdiction to continue such qualification in effect for a period of not less than one year from the effective date of the Registration Statement and any Rule 462(b) Registration Statement. (g) Rule 158. The Company will timely file such reports pursuant to the 1934 Act as are necessary in order to make generally available to its securityholders as soon as practicable an earning statement for the purposes of, and to provide the benefits contemplated by, the last paragraph of Section 11(a) of the 1933 Act. (h) Use of Proceeds. The Company will use the net proceeds received by it from the sale of the Securities in the manner specified in the Prospectuses under "Use of Proceeds". (i) Listing. The Company will use its best efforts to effect the listing of the Securities on the New York Stock Exchange. (j) Restriction on Sale of Securities. During a period of 90 days from the date of the Prospectuses, the Company will not, without the prior written consent of the Global Coordinator, (i) directly or indirectly, offer, pledge, sell, contract to sell, sell any -15- 20 option or contract to purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell, grant any option, right or warrant to purchase or otherwise transfer or dispose of any share of Common Stock or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for Common Stock or file any registration statement under the 1933 Act with respect to any of the foregoing or (ii) enter into any swap or any other agreement or any transaction that transfers, in whole or in part, directly or indirectly, the economic consequence of ownership of the Common Stock or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for Common Stock, whether any such swap or transaction described in clause (i) or (ii) above is to be settled by delivery of Common Stock or such other securities, in cash or otherwise. The foregoing sentence shall not apply to (A) the Securities to be sold hereunder or under the U.S. Purchase Agreement, (B) any shares of Common Stock issuable upon early settlement of the shares of FELINE PRIDES(SM), (C) any shares of Common Stock issued by the Company upon the exercise of an option or warrant or the conversion of a security outstanding on the date hereof and referred to in the Prospectuses, (D) any shares of Common Stock issued or options to purchase Common Stock granted pursuant to existing employee benefit plans of the Company referred to in the Prospectuses or (E) any shares of Common Stock issued pursuant to any non-employee director stock plan or dividend reinvestment plan. (k) Reporting Requirements. The Company, during the period when the Prospectuses are required to be delivered under the 1933 Act or the 1934 Act, will file all documents required to be filed with the Commission pursuant to the 1934 Act within the time periods required by the 1934 Act and the 1934 Act Regulations. SECTION 4. Payment of Expenses. (a) Expenses. The Company will pay all expenses incident to the performance of its obligations under this Agreement, including (i) the preparation, printing and filing of the Registration Statement (including financial statements and exhibits) as originally filed and of each amendment thereto, (ii) the preparation, printing and delivery to the Underwriters of this Agreement, any Agreement among Underwriters and such other documents as may be required in connection with the offering, purchase, sale, issuance or delivery of the Securities, (iii) the preparation, issuance and delivery of the certificates for the Securities to the Underwriters, including any stock or other transfer taxes and any stamp or other duties payable upon the sale, issuance or delivery of the Securities to the Underwriters and the transfer of the Securities between the U.S. Underwriters and the International Managers, (iv) the fees and disbursements of the Company's counsel, accountants and other advisors, (v) the qualification of the Securities under securities laws in accordance with the provisions of Section 3(f) hereof, including filing fees and the reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel for the Underwriters in connection therewith and in connection with the preparation of the Blue Sky Survey and any supplement thereto, (vi) the printing and delivery to the Underwriters of copies of each preliminary prospectus, any Term Sheets and of the Prospectuses and any amendments or supplements thereto, (vii) the preparation, printing and delivery to the Underwriters of copies of the Blue Sky Survey and any supplement thereto, (viii) the fees and expenses of any transfer agent or registrar for the Securities and (ix) the fees and expenses incurred in connection with the listing of the Securities on the New York Stock Exchange. -16- 21 (b) Termination of Agreement. If this Agreement is terminated by the Lead Managers in accordance with the provisions of Section 5 or Section 9(a)(i) hereof, the Company shall reimburse the International Managers for all of their out-of-pocket expenses, including the reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel for the International Managers. SECTION 5. Conditions of International Managers' Obligations. The obligations of the several International Managers hereunder are subject to the accuracy of the representations and warranties of the Company contained in Section 1 hereof or in certificates of any officer of the Company or any subsidiary of the Company delivered pursuant to the provisions hereof, to the performance by the Company of its covenants and other obligations hereunder, and to the following further conditions: (a) Effectiveness of Registration Statement. The Registration Statement, including any Rule 462(b) Registration Statement, has become effective and at Closing Time, no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement shall have been issued under the 1933 Act or proceedings therefor initiated or threatened by the Commission, and any request on the part of the Commission for additional information shall have been complied with to the reasonable satisfaction of counsel to the International Managers. A prospectus containing the Rule 430A Information shall have been filed with the Commission in accordance with Rule 424(b) (or a post-effective amendment providing such information shall have been filed and declared effective in accordance with the requirements of Rule 430A) or, if the Company has elected to rely upon Rule 434, a Term Sheet shall have been filed with the Commission in accordance with Rule 424(b). (b) Opinion of Counsel for Company. At Closing Time, the Lead Managers shall have received the favorable opinion, dated as of Closing Time, of David T. Cofer, general counsel to the Company and of Buchanan Ingersoll Professional Corporation, special counsel for the Company, in form and substance satisfactory to counsel for the International Managers, together with signed or reproduced copies of such letter for each of the other International Managers to the effect set forth in Exhibit A hereto and to such further effect as counsel to the International Managers may reasonably request. (c) Opinion of Counsel for International Managers. At Closing Time, the Lead Managers shall have received the favorable opinion, dated as of Closing Time, of Simpson Thacher & Bartlett, counsel for the International Managers, together with signed or reproduced copies of such letter for each of the other International Managers with respect to the matters set forth in clauses (i), (ii), (v), (vi) (solely as to preemptive or other similar rights arising by operation of law or under the charter or by-laws of the Company), (viii) through (x), inclusive, (xiv) (solely as to the information in the Prospectus under "Description of Common Stock--Common Stock") and the penultimate paragraph of Exhibit A hereto. In giving such opinion such counsel may rely, as to all matters governed by the laws of jurisdictions other than the law of the State of New York and the federal law of the United States, upon the opinions of counsel satisfactory to the Lead Managers. Such counsel may also state that, insofar as such opinion involves factual matters, they have relied, to the extent -17- 22 they deem proper, upon certificates of officers of the Company and its subsidiaries and certificates of public officials. (d) Opinion of German Counsel. At Closing Time, the Lead Managers shall have received the favorable opinion, dated as of the Closing Time, of Hasche Eschenlohr Peltzer Riesenkampff Fischotter, German counsel to the Company, in form and substance satisfactory to counsel for the International Managers to the effect that: (i) Kennametal Hertel AG has been incorporated and is validly existing as a corporation in good standing under German laws, has the corporate power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and to conduct its business as presently conducted and as described in the Prospectus, and is qualified as a foreign corporation to transact business and is in good standing in each jurisdiction in which such qualification is required, whether by reason of the ownership or leasing of property or the conduct of business, except where the failure to so qualify or be in good standing would not have a Material Adverse Effect; all of the issued and outstanding capital stock of Kennametal Hertel AG has been authorized and validly issued, is fully paid and non-assessable and 98.25% of the ordinary and 57.21% of the non-voting preferred shares are owned by the Company, directly or through its subsidiaries, free and clear of any security interest, mortgage, pledge, lien, encumbrance, claim or equity; and (ii) Other than as set forth in the Prospectus, there are no legal or governmental proceedings pending to which Kennametal Hertel AG or any of its subsidiaries is a party or to which any property of Kennametal Hertel AG or any of its subsidiaries is the subject which reasonably would be expected individually or in the aggregate to have a Material Adverse Effect; and, to the best of such counsel's knowledge, no such proceedings are threatened or contemplated by governmental authorities or threatened by others. (e) Officers' Certificate. At Closing Time, there shall not have been, since the date hereof or since the respective dates as of which information is given in the Prospectuses, any material adverse change in the condition, financial or otherwise, or in the earnings, business affairs or business prospects of the Company and its subsidiaries considered as one enterprise, whether or not arising in the ordinary course of business, and the Lead Managers shall have received a certificate of the President or a Vice President of the Company and of the chief financial officer, chief accounting officer or treasurer of the Company, dated as of Closing Time, to the effect that (i) there has been no such material adverse change, (ii) the representations and warranties in Section 1(a) hereof are true and correct with the same force and effect as though expressly made at and as of Closing Time, (iii) the Company has complied with all agreements and satisfied all conditions on its part to be performed or satisfied at or prior to Closing Time, and (iv) no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement has been issued and no proceedings for that purpose have been instituted or are pending or are contemplated by the Commission. -18- 23 (f) Accountant's Comfort Letter. At the time of the execution of this Agreement, the Lead Managers shall have received from Arthur Andersen LLP a letter dated such date, in form and substance satisfactory to the Lead Managers, together with signed or reproduced copies of such letter for each of the other International Managers containing statements and information of the type ordinarily included in accountants' "comfort letters" to underwriters with respect to the financial statements, pro forma financial statements and certain financial information of the Company contained in the Registration Statement and the Prospectuses. (g) Accountant's Comfort Letter. At the time of the execution of this Agreement, the Lead Managers shall have received from Price Waterhouse LLP a letter dated such date, in form and substance satisfactory to the Lead Managers, together with signed or reproduced copies of such letter for each of the other International Managers containing statements and information of the type ordinarily included in accountants' "comfort letters" to underwriters with respect to the financial statements and certain financial information of Greenfield contained in the Registration Statement and the Prospectuses. (h) Bring-down Comfort Letter. At Closing Time, the Lead Managers shall have received from Arthur Andersen LLP a letter, dated as of Closing Time, to the effect that they reaffirm the statements made in the letter furnished pursuant to subsection (f) of this Section, except that the specified date referred to shall be a date not more than three business days prior to Closing Time. (i) Bring-down Comfort Letter. At Closing Time, the Lead Managers shall have received from Price Waterhouse LLP a letter, dated as of Closing Time, to the effect that they reaffirm the statements made in the letter furnished pursuant to subsection (g) of this Section, except that the specified date referred to shall be a date not more than three business days prior to Closing Time. (j) Approval of Listing. At Closing Time, the Securities shall have been approved for listing on the New York Stock Exchange, subject only to official notice of issuance. (k) Maintenance of Rating. Since the date of this Agreement, there shall not have occurred a downgrading in the rating assigned to any of the Company's other securities by any "nationally recognized statistical rating agency", as that term is defined by the Commission for purposes of Rule 436(g)(2) under the 1933 Act, and no such organization shall have publicly announced that it has under surveillance or review its rating of any of the Company's other securities. (l) Purchase of Initial U.S. Securities. Contemporaneously with the purchase by the International Managers of the Initial International Securities under this Agreement, the U.S. Underwriters shall have purchased the Initial U.S. Securities under the U.S. Purchase Agreement. -19- 24 (m) Conditions to Purchase of International Option Securities. In the event that the International Managers exercise their option provided in Section 2(b) hereof to purchase all or any portion of the International Option Securities, the representations and warranties of the Company contained herein and the statements in any certificates furnished by the Company or any subsidiary of the Company hereunder shall be true and correct as of each Date of Delivery and, at the relevant Date of Delivery: (1) the Lead Managers shall have received: (i) Officers' Certificate. A certificate, dated such Date of Delivery, of the President or a Vice President of the Company and of the chief financial officer, chief accounting officer or treasurer of the Company confirming that the certificate delivered at the Closing Time pursuant to Section 5(e) hereof remains true and correct as of such Date of Delivery. (ii) Opinion of Counsel for Company. The favorable opinion of David T. Cofer, general counsel for the Company and of Buchanan Ingersoll Professional Corporation, special counsel for the Company, in form and substance satisfactory to counsel for the International Managers, dated such Date of Delivery, relating to the International Option Securities to be purchased on such Date of Delivery and otherwise to the same effect as the opinion required by Section 5(b) hereof. (iii) Opinion of Counsel for International Managers. The favorable opinion of Simpson Thacher & Bartlett, counsel for the International Managers, dated such Date of Delivery, relating to the International Option Securities to be purchased on such Date of Delivery and otherwise to the same effect as the opinion required by Section 5(c) hereof. (iv) Opinion of German Counsel. The favorable opinion of Hasche Eschenlohr Peltzer Riesenkampff Fischotter, German counsel for the Company, in form and substance satisfactory to counsel to the Lead Managers, dated such Date of Delivery, relating to the International Option Securities to be purchased on such Date of Delivery and otherwise to the same effect as the opinion required by Section 5(d) hereof. (v) Bring-down Comfort Letter. A letter from Arthur Andersen LLP, in form and substance satisfactory to the Lead Managers and dated such Date of Delivery, substantially in the same form and substance as the letter furnished to the Lead Managers pursuant to Section 5(h) hereof, except that the "specified date" in the letter furnished pursuant to this paragraph shall be a date not more than five days prior to such Date of Delivery. (vi) Bring-down Comfort Letter. A letter from Price Waterhouse LLP, in form and substance satisfactory to the Lead Managers and dated such Date of -20- 25 Delivery, substantially in the same form and substance as the letter furnished to the Lead Managers pursuant to Section 5(i) hereof, except that the "specified date" in the letter furnished pursuant to this paragraph shall be a date not more than five days prior to such Date of Delivery. (2) Maintenance of Rating. Since the date of this Agreement, there shall not have occurred a downgrading in the rating assigned to any of the Company's other securities by any "nationally recognized statistical rating agency", as that term is defined by the Commission for purposes of Rule 436(g)(2) under the 1933 Act, and no such organization shall have publicly announced that it has under surveillance or review its rating of any of the Company's other securities. (n) Additional Documents. At Closing Time and at each Date of Delivery counsel for the International Managers shall have been furnished with such documents and opinions as they may require for the purpose of enabling them to pass upon the issuance and sale of the Securities as herein contemplated, or in order to evidence the accuracy of any of the representations or warranties, or the fulfillment of any of the conditions, herein contained; and all proceedings taken by the Company in connection with the issuance and sale of the Securities as herein contemplated shall be satisfactory in form and substance to the Lead Managers and counsel for the International Managers. (o) Termination of Agreement. If any condition specified in this Section shall not have been fulfilled when and as required to be fulfilled, this Agreement, or, in the case of any condition to the purchase of International Option Securities on a Date of Delivery which is after the Closing Time, the obligations of the several International Managers to purchase the relevant Option Securities may be terminated by the Lead Managers by notice to the Company at any time at or prior to Closing Time or such Date of Delivery, as the case may be, and such termination shall be without liability of any party to any other party except as provided in Section 4 and except that Sections 1, 6, 7 and 8 shall survive any such termination and remain in full force and effect. SECTION 6. Indemnification. (a) Indemnification of International Managers. The Company agrees to indemnify and hold harmless each International Manager and each person, if any, who controls any International Manager within the meaning of Section 15 of the 1933 Act or Section 20 of the 1934 Act as follows: (i) against any and all loss, liability, claim, damage and expense whatsoever, as incurred, arising out of any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Registration Statement (or any amendment thereto), including the Rule 430A Information and the Rule 434 Information, if applicable, or the omission or alleged omission therefrom of a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading or arising out of any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact included in any -21- 26 preliminary prospectus or the Prospectuses (or any amendment or supplement thereto), or the omission or alleged omission therefrom of a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; (ii) against any and all loss, liability, claim, damage and expense whatsoever, as incurred, to the extent of the aggregate amount paid in settlement of any litigation, or any investigation or proceeding by any governmental agency or body, commenced or threatened, or of any claim whatsoever based upon any such untrue statement or omission, or any such alleged untrue statement or omission; provided that (subject to Section 6(d) below) any such settlement is effected with the written consent of the Company; and (iii) against any and all expense whatsoever, as incurred (including the fees and disbursements of counsel chosen by Merrill Lynch), reasonably incurred in investigating, preparing or defending against any litigation, or any investigation or proceeding by any governmental agency or body, commenced or threatened, or any claim whatsoever based upon any such untrue statement or omission, or any such alleged untrue statement or omission, to the extent that any such expense is not paid under (i) or (ii) above; provided, however, that this indemnity agreement shall not apply to any loss, liability, claim, damage or expense to the extent arising out of any untrue statement or omission or alleged untrue statement or omission made in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Company by any International Manager through the Lead Managers expressly for use in the Registration Statement (or any amendment thereto), including the Rule 430A Information and the Rule 434 Information, if applicable, or any preliminary prospectus or the International Prospectus (or any amendment or supplement thereto). (b) Indemnification of Company, Directors and Officers. Each International Manager severally agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Company, its directors, each of its officers who signed the Registration Statement, and each person, if any, who controls the Company within the meaning of Section 15 of the 1933 Act or Section 20 of the 1934 Act against any and all loss, liability, claim, damage and expense described in the indemnity contained in subsection (a) of this Section, as incurred, but only with respect to untrue statements or omissions, or alleged untrue statements or omissions, made in the Registration Statement (or any amendment thereto), including the Rule 430A Information and the Rule 434 Information, if applicable, or any preliminary international prospectus or the International Prospectus (or any amendment or supplement thereto) in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Company by such International Manager through the Lead Managers expressly for use in the Registration Statement (or any amendment thereto) or such preliminary prospectus or the International Prospectus (or any amendment or supplement thereto). -22- 27 (c) Actions against Parties; Notification. Each indemnified party shall give notice as promptly as reasonably practicable to each indemnifying party of any action commenced against it in respect of which indemnity may be sought hereunder, but failure to so notify an indemnifying party shall not relieve such indemnifying party from any liability hereunder to the extent it is not materially prejudiced as a result thereof and in any event shall not relieve it from any liability which it may have otherwise than on account of this indemnity agreement. In the case of parties indemnified pursuant to Section 6(a) above, counsel to the indemnified parties shall be selected by Merrill Lynch, and, in the case of parties indemnified pursuant to Section 6(b) above, counsel to the indemnified parties shall be selected by the Company. An indemnifying party may participate at its own expense in the defense of any such action; provided, however, that counsel to the indemnifying party shall not (except with the consent of the indemnified party) also be counsel to the indemnified party. In no event shall the indemnifying parties be liable for fees and expenses of more than one counsel (in addition to any local counsel) separate from their own counsel for all indemnified parties in connection with any one action or separate but similar or related actions in the same jurisdiction arising out of the same general allegations or circumstances. No indemnifying party shall, without the prior written consent of the indemnified parties, settle or compromise or consent to the entry of any judgment with respect to any litigation, or any investigation or proceeding by any governmental agency or body, commenced or threatened, or any claim whatsoever in respect of which indemnification or contribution could be sought under this Section 6 or Section 7 hereof (whether or not the indemnified parties are actual or potential parties thereto), unless such settlement, compromise or consent (i) includes an unconditional release of each indemnified party from all liability arising out of such litigation, investigation, proceeding or claim and (ii) does not include a statement as to or an admission of fault, culpability or a failure to act by or on behalf of any indemnified party. (d) Settlement without Consent if Failure to Reimburse. If at any time an indemnified party shall have requested an indemnifying party to reimburse the indemnified party for fees and expenses of counsel, such indemnifying party agrees that it shall be liable for any settlement of the nature contemplated by Section 6(a)(ii) effected without its written consent if (i) such settlement is entered into more than 45 days after receipt by such indemnifying party of the aforesaid request, (ii) such indemnifying party shall have received notice of the terms of such settlement at least 30 days prior to such settlement being entered into and (iii) such indemnifying party shall not have reimbursed such indemnified party in accordance with such request prior to the date of such settlement. SECTION 7. Contribution. If the indemnification provided for in Section 6 hereof is for any reason unavailable to or insufficient to hold harmless an indemnified party in respect of any losses, liabilities, claims, damages or expenses referred to therein, then each indemnifying party shall contribute to the aggregate amount of such losses, liabilities, claims, damages and expenses incurred by such indemnified party, as incurred, (i) in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative benefits received by the Company on the one hand and the International Managers on the other hand from the offering of the Securities pursuant to this Agreement or (ii) if the allocation provided by clause (i) is not permitted by applicable law, in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect not only the relative benefits referred to in -23- 28 clause (i) above but also the relative fault of the Company on the one hand and of the International Managers on the other hand in connection with the statements or omissions, or in connection with any violation of the nature referred to in Section 6(a)(ii)(A) hereof, which resulted in such losses, liabilities, claims, damages or expenses, as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. The relative benefits received by the Company on the one hand and the International Managers on the other hand in connection with the offering of the International Securities pursuant to this Agreement shall be deemed to be in the same respective proportions as the total net proceeds from the offering of the International Securities pursuant to this Agreement (before deducting expenses) received by the Company and the total underwriting discount received by the International Managers, in each case as set forth on the cover of the International Prospectus, or, if Rule 434 is used, the corresponding location on the Term Sheet, bear to the aggregate initial public offering price of the International Securities as set forth on such cover. The relative fault of the Company on the one hand and the International Managers on the other hand shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether any such untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or omission or alleged omission to state a material fact relates to information supplied by the Company or by the International Managers and the parties' relative intent, knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such statement or omission. The Company and the International Managers agree that it would not be just and equitable if contribution pursuant to this Section 7 were determined by pro rata allocation (even if the International Managers were treated as one entity for such purpose) or by any other method of allocation which does not take account of the equitable considerations referred to above in this Section 7. The aggregate amount of losses, liabilities, claims, damages and expenses incurred by an indemnified party and referred to above in this Section 7 shall be deemed to include any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by such indemnified party in investigating, preparing or defending against any litigation, or any investigation or proceeding by any governmental agency or body, commenced or threatened, or any claim whatsoever based upon any such untrue or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission. Notwithstanding the provisions of this Section 7, no International Manager shall be required to contribute any amount in excess of the amount by which the total price at which the International Securities underwritten by it and distributed to the public were offered to the public exceeds the amount of any damages which such International Managers has otherwise been required to pay by reason of any such untrue or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission. No person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the 1933 Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation. -24- 29 For purposes of this Section 7, each person, if any, who controls an International Managers within the meaning of Section 15 of the 1933 Act or Section 20 of the 1934 Act shall have the same rights to contribution as such International Manager, and each director of the Company, each officer of the Company who signed the Registration Statement, and each person, if any, who controls the Company within the meaning of Section 15 of the 1933 Act or Section 20 of the 1934 Act shall have the same rights to contribution as the Company. The International Managers' respective obligations to contribute pursuant to this Section 7 are several in proportion to the number of Initial International Securities set forth opposite their respective names in Schedule A hereto and not joint. SECTION 8. Representations, Warranties and Agreements to Survive Delivery. All representations, warranties and agreements contained in this Agreement or in certificates of officers of the Company or any of its subsidiaries submitted pursuant hereto, shall remain operative and in full force and effect, regardless of any investigation made by or on behalf of any International Manager or controlling person, or by or on behalf of the Company, and shall survive delivery of the Securities to the International Managers. SECTION 9. Termination of Agreement. (a) Termination; General. The Lead Managers may terminate this Agreement, by notice to the Company, at any time at or prior to Closing Time (i) if there has been, since the time of execution of this Agreement or since the respective dates as of which information is given in the International Prospectus, any material adverse change in the condition, financial or otherwise, or in the earnings, business affairs or business prospects of the Company and its subsidiaries considered as one enterprise, whether or not arising in the ordinary course of business, or (ii) if there has occurred any material adverse change in the financial markets in the United States or the international financial markets, any outbreak of hostilities or escalation thereof or other calamity or crisis or any change or development involving a prospective change in national or international political, financial or economic conditions, in each case the effect of which is such as to make it, in the judgment of the Lead Managers, impracticable to market the Securities or to enforce contracts for the sale of the Securities, or (iii) if trading in any securities of the Company has been suspended or materially limited by the Commission or the New York Stock Exchange, or if trading generally on the American Stock Exchange or the New York Stock Exchange or in the Nasdaq National Market has been suspended or materially limited, or minimum or maximum prices for trading have been fixed, or maximum ranges for prices have been required, by any of said exchanges or by such system or by order of the Commission, the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. or any other governmental authority, or (iv) if a banking moratorium has been declared by either Federal, New York or Pennsylvania authorities. (b) Liabilities. If this Agreement is terminated pursuant to this Section, such termination shall be without liability of any party to any other party except as provided in Section 4 hereof, and provided further that Sections 1, 6, 7 and 8 shall survive such termination and remain in full force and effect. -25- 30 SECTION 10. Default by One or More of the International Managers. If one or more of the International Managers shall fail at Closing Time or a Date of Delivery to purchase the Securities which it or they are obligated to purchase under this Agreement (the "Defaulted Securities"), the Lead Managers shall have the right, within 24 hours thereafter, to make arrangements for one or more of the non-defaulting International Managers, or any other underwriters, to purchase all, but not less than all, of the Defaulted Securities in such amounts as may be agreed upon and upon the terms herein set forth; if, however, the Lead Managers shall not have completed such arrangements within such 24-hour period, then: (a) if the number of Defaulted Securities does not exceed 10% of the number of International Securities to be purchased on such date, each of the non-defaulting International Managers shall be obligated, severally and not jointly, to purchase the full amount thereof in the proportions that their respective underwriting obligations hereunder bear to the underwriting obligations of all non-defaulting International Managers, or (b) if the number of Defaulted Securities exceeds 10% of the number of International Securities to be purchased on such date, this Agreement or, with respect to any Date of Delivery which occurs after the Closing Time, the obligation of the International Managers to purchase and of the Company to sell the Option Securities to be purchased and sold on such Date of Delivery shall terminate without liability on the part of any non-defaulting International Manager. No action taken pursuant to this Section shall relieve any defaulting International Manager from liability in respect of its default. In the event of any such default which does not result in a termination of this Agreement or, in the case of a Date of Delivery which is after the Closing Time, which does not result in a termination of the obligation of the International Managers to purchase and the Company to sell the relevant International Option Securities, as the case may be, either the Lead Managers or the Company shall have the right to postpone the Closing Time or the relevant Date of Delivery, as the case may be, for a period not exceeding seven days in order to effect any required changes in the Registration Statement or Prospectus or in any other documents or arrangements. As used herein, the term "International Manager" includes any person substituted for an International Manager under this Section 10. SECTION 11. Notices. All notices and other communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have been duly given if mailed or transmitted by any standard form of telecommunication. Notices to the International Managers shall be directed to the Lead Managers at North Tower, World Financial Center, New York, New York 10281-1201, attention of John Bolebruch; and notices to the Company shall be directed to it at Route 981 South at Westmoreland County Airport, Latrobe, Pennsylvania 15650, attention of David T. Cofer. -26- 31 SECTION 12. Parties. This Agreement shall each inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the International Managers and the Company and their respective successors. Nothing expressed or mentioned in this Agreement is intended or shall be construed to give any person, firm or corporation, other than the International Managers and the Company and their respective successors and the controlling persons and officers and directors referred to in Sections 6 and 7 and their heirs and legal representatives, any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under or in respect of this Agreement or any provision herein contained. This Agreement and all conditions and provisions hereof are intended to be for the sole and exclusive benefit of the International Managers and the Company and their respective successors, and said controlling persons and officers and directors and their heirs and legal representatives, and for the benefit of no other person, firm or corporation. No purchaser of Securities from any International Manager shall be deemed to be a successor by reason merely of such purchase. SECTION 13. GOVERNING LAW AND TIME. THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK. SPECIFIED TIMES OF DAY REFER TO NEW YORK CITY TIME. SECTION 14. Effect of Headings. The Article and Section headings herein and the Table of Contents are for convenience only and shall not affect the construction hereof. -27- 32 If the foregoing is in accordance with your understanding of our agreement, please sign and return to the Company a counterpart hereof, whereupon this instrument, along with all counterparts, will become a binding agreement between the International Managers and the Company in accordance with its terms. Very truly yours, KENNAMETAL INC. By________________________________ Title: CONFIRMED AND ACCEPTED, as of the date first above written: MERRILL LYNCH INTERNATIONAL CIBC OPPENHEIMER CORP. GOLDMAN SACHS INTERNATIONAL LEHMAN BROTHERS INTERNATIONAL (EUROPE) By: MERRILL LYNCH INTERNATIONAL By________________________________________ Authorized Signatory For themselves and as Lead Managers of the other International Managers named in Schedule A hereto. -28- 33 SCHEDULE A
Number of Initial International Name of International Manager Securities - ----------------------------- ---------- Merrill Lynch International................................................................ CIBC Oppenheimer Corp...................................................................... Goldman Sachs International................................................................ Lehman Brothers International (Europe)..................................................... ------- Total...................................................................................... 860,000 =======
-1- 34 SCHEDULE B KENNAMETAL INC. 860,000 Shares of Capital Stock (Par Value $1.25 Per Share) 1. The initial public offering price per share for the Securities, determined as provided in said Section 2, shall be $_________________. 2. The purchase price per share for the International Securities to be paid by the several International Managers shall be $_________________, being an amount equal to the initial public offering price set forth above less $___________________ per share; provided that the purchase price per share for any International Option Securities purchased upon the exercise of the over-allotment option described in Section 2(b) shall be reduced by an amount per share equal to any dividends or distributions declared by the Company and payable on the Initial International Securities but not payable on the International Option Securities. Sch B-1 35 SCHEDULE C [List of Subsidiaries] Sch C-1 36 Exhibit A FORM OF OPINION OF COMPANY'S COUNSEL TO BE DELIVERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 5(b) (i) The Company has been duly incorporated and is validly existing as a corporation in good standing under the laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. (ii) The Company has corporate power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and to conduct its business as described in the Prospectuses and to enter into and perform its obligations under the U.S. Purchase Agreement and the International Purchase Agreement. (iii) The Company is duly qualified as a foreign corporation to transact business and is in good standing in each jurisdiction in which such qualification is required, whether by reason of the ownership or leasing of property or the conduct of business, except where the failure so to qualify or to be in good standing would not result in a Material Adverse Effect. (iv) The authorized, issued and outstanding capital stock of the Company is as set forth in the Prospectuses in the column entitled "Actual" under the caption "Capitalization" (except for subsequent issuances, if any, pursuant to the U.S. Purchase Agreement and the International Purchase Agreement or pursuant to reservations, agreements or employee benefit plans referred to in the Prospectuses or pursuant to the exercise of convertible securities or options referred to in the Prospectuses); the shares of issued and outstanding capital stock have been duly authorized and validly issued and are fully paid and non-assessable; and none of the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company was issued in violation of the preemptive or other similar rights of any securityholder of the Company. (v) The Securities to be purchased by the U.S. Underwriters and the International Managers from the Company have been duly authorized for issuance and sale to the Underwriters pursuant to the U.S. Purchase Agreement and the International Purchase Agreement, respectively, and, when issued and delivered by the Company pursuant to the U.S. Purchase Agreement and the International Purchase Agreement, respectively, against payment of the consideration set forth in the U.S. Purchase Agreement and the International Purchase Agreement, will be validly issued and fully paid and non-assessable and no holder of the Securities is or will be subject to personal liability by reason of being such a holder. A-1 37 (vi) The issuance of the Securities is not subject to the preemptive or other similar rights of any securityholder of the Company. (vii) Each U.S. Subsidiary has been duly incorporated and is validly existing as a corporation in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation, has corporate power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and to conduct its business as described in the Prospectuses and is duly qualified as a foreign corporation to transact business and is in good standing in each jurisdiction in which such qualification is required, whether by reason of the ownership or leasing of property or the conduct of business, except where the failure so to qualify or to be in good standing would not result in a Material Adverse Effect; except as otherwise disclosed in the Registration Statement, all of the issued and outstanding capital stock of each Subsidiary has been duly authorized and validly issued, is fully paid and non-assessable and, to the best of our knowledge, is owned by the Company, directly or through subsidiaries, free and clear of any security interest, mortgage, pledge, lien, encumbrance, claim or equity; none of the outstanding shares of capital stock of any Subsidiary was issued in violation of the preemptive or similar rights of any securityholder of such Subsidiary. (viii) The U.S. Purchase Agreement and the International Purchase Agreement have been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Company. (ix) The Registration Statement, including any Rule 462(b) Registration Statement, has been declared effective under the 1933 Act; any required filing of the Prospectuses pursuant to Rule 424(b) has been made in the manner and within the time period required by Rule 424(b); and, to the best of our knowledge, no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or any Rule 462(b) Registration Statement has been issued under the 1933 Act and no proceedings for that purpose have been instituted or are pending or threatened by the Commission. (x) The Registration Statement, including any Rule 462(b) Registration Statement, the Rule 430A Information and the Rule 434 Information, as applicable, the Prospectuses, excluding the documents incorporated by reference therein, and each amendment or supplement to the Registration Statement and the Prospectuses, excluding the documents incorporated by reference therein, as of their respective effective or issue dates (other than the financial statements and supporting schedules included therein or omitted therefrom, as to which we need express no opinion) complied as to form in all material respects with the requirements of the 1933 Act and the 1933 Act Regulations. (xi) The documents incorporated by reference in the Prospectuses (other than the financial statements and supporting schedules included therein or omitted therefrom, as to which we need express no opinion), when they became effective or were filed with the Commission, complied as to form in all material respects with the A-2 38 requirements of the 1934 Act, and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder. (xii) The form of certificate used to evidence the Common Stock complies in all material respects with all applicable statutory requirements, with any applicable requirements of the charter and by-laws of the Company and the requirements of the New York Stock Exchange. (xiii) To the best of our knowledge, there is not pending or threatened any action, suit, proceeding, inquiry or investigation, to which the Company or any subsidiary is a party, or to which the property of the Company or any subsidiary is subject, before or brought by any court or governmental agency or body, domestic or foreign, which might reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, or which might reasonably be expected to materially and adversely affect the consummation of the transactions contemplated in the U.S. Purchase Agreement and International Purchase Agreement or the Concurrent Offerings or the performance by the Company of its obligations thereunder. (xiv) The information in the Prospectuses under "Description of Common Stock", "Business--Properties", "Business--Regulation", "Business--Legal Matters", "Description of Other Offerings", "Certain U.S. Tax Consequences to Non-U.S. Holders" and in the Registration Statement under Item 15, to the extent that it constitutes matters of law, summaries of legal matters, the Company's charter and bylaws or legal proceedings, or legal conclusions, has been reviewed by us and is correct in all material respects. (xv) To the best of our knowledge, there are no statutes or regulations that are required to be described in the Prospectuses that are not described as required. (xvi) All descriptions in the Prospectuses of contracts and other documents to which the Company or its subsidiaries are a party are accurate in all material respects; to the best of our knowledge, there are no franchises, contracts, indentures, mortgages, loan agreements, notes, leases or other instruments required to be described or referred to in the Registration Statement or to be filed as exhibits thereto other than those described or referred to therein or filed or incorporated by reference as exhibits thereto, and the descriptions thereof or references thereto are correct in all material respects. (xvii) To the best of our knowledge, neither the Company nor any subsidiary is in violation of its charter or by-laws and no default by the Company or any subsidiary exists in the due performance or observance of any material obligation, agreement, covenant or condition contained in any contract, indenture, mortgage, loan agreement, note, lease or other agreement or instrument that is described or referred to in the Registration Statement or the Prospectuses or filed or incorporated by reference as an exhibit to the Registration Statement. A-3 39 (xviii) No filing with, or authorization, approval, consent, license, order, registration, qualification or decree of, any court or governmental authority or agency, domestic or foreign (other than under the 1933 Act and the 1933 Act Regulations, which have been obtained, or as may be required under the securities or blue sky laws of the various states, as to which we need express no opinion) is necessary or required in connection with the due authorization, execution and delivery of the U.S. Purchase Agreement and the International Purchase Agreement or for the offering, issuance, sale or delivery of the Securities or the securities offered in the Concurrent Offerings. (xix) The execution, delivery and performance of the U.S. Purchase Agreement and the International Purchase Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated in the U.S. Purchase Agreement, the International Purchase Agreement and in the Registration Statement (including the issuance and sale of the Securities, and the use of the proceeds from the sale of the Securities as described in the Prospectuses under the caption "Use Of Proceeds" and the Concurrent Offerings) and compliance by the Company with its obligations under the U.S. Purchase Agreement and the International Purchase Agreement do not and will not, whether with or without the giving of notice or lapse of time or both, conflict with or constitute a breach of, or default or Repayment Event (as defined in Section 1(a)(xi) of the Purchase Agreements) under or result in the creation or imposition of any lien, charge or encumbrance upon any property or assets of the Company or any subsidiary pursuant to any contract, indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, loan or credit agreement, note, lease or any other agreement or instrument, known to us, to which the Company or any subsidiary is a party or by which it or any of them may be bound, or to which any of the property or assets of the Company or any subsidiary is subject (except for such conflicts, breaches or defaults or liens, charges or encumbrances that would not have a Material Adverse Effect and except for the contemplated use of proceeds as described in the Registration Statement), nor will such action result in any violation of the provisions of the charter or by-laws of the Company or any subsidiary, or any applicable law, statute, rule, regulation, judgment, order, writ or decree, known to us, of any government, government instrumentality or court, domestic or foreign, having jurisdiction over the Company or any subsidiary or any of their respective properties, assets or operations. (xx) The Company is not an "investment company" or an entity "controlled" by an "investment company," as such terms are defined in the 1940 Act. (xxi) The rights under the Company's shareholder rights plan to which holders of the Securities will be entitled have been duly authorized and validly issued. Nothing has come to our attention that would lead us to believe that the Registration Statement or any amendment thereto, including the Rule 430A Information and Rule 434 Information (if applicable), (except for financial statements and schedules and other financial data included or incorporated by reference therein or omitted therefrom, as to which we need make no statement), at the time such A-4 40 Registration Statement or any such amendment became effective, contained an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading or that the Prospectuses or any amendment or supplement thereto (except for financial statements and schedules and other financial data included or incorporated by reference therein or omitted therefrom, as to which we need make no statement), at the time the Prospectuses were issued, at the time any such amended or supplemented prospectus was issued or at the Closing Time, included or includes an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted or omits to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. In rendering such opinion, such counsel may rely, as to matters of fact (but not as to legal conclusions), to the extent they deem proper, on certificates of responsible officers of the Company and public officials. Such opinion shall not state that it is to be governed or qualified by, or that it is otherwise subject to, any treatise, written policy or other document relating to legal opinions, including, without limitation, the Legal Opinion Accord of the ABA Section of Business Law (1991). A-5
   1
                                                                  Exhibit 1.3



                                 KENNAMETAL INC.

                          (A PENNSYLVANIA CORPORATION)

                             KENNAMETAL FINANCING I

                           (A DELAWARE BUSINESS TRUST)


                           4,500,000 FELINE PRIDES(SM)






                               PURCHASE AGREEMENT













DATED:  JANUARY   , 1998


   2





                                 KENNAMETAL INC.
                          (A PENNSYLVANIA CORPORATION)

                             KENNAMETAL FINANCING I
                           (A DELAWARE BUSINESS TRUST)

                                 FELINE PRIDES*

                    (STATED AMOUNT OF $50 PER FELINE PRIDES)

                               EACH CONSISTING OF

              A PURCHASE CONTRACT OF KENNAMETAL INC. REQUIRING THE
                          PURCHASE ON FEBRUARY 16, 2001
                      OF CERTAIN SHARES OF CAPITAL STOCK OF
                                 KENNAMETAL INC.

                                       AND

                     A % TRUST ORIGINATED PREFERRED SECURITY
                            OF KENNAMETAL FINANCING I


                               PURCHASE AGREEMENT


                                                               January , 1998


MERRILL LYNCH & CO.
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith
  Incorporated
Goldman, Sachs & Co.
c/o Merrill Lynch & Co.
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated

Merrill Lynch World Headquarters
World Financial Center
North Tower
New York, New York  10281-1209

Ladies and Gentlemen:

                  Kennametal Inc., a Pennsylvania corporation (the "Company"),
and Kennametal Financing I, a Delaware statutory business trust (the "Trust"
and, together with the Company, the "Offerors"), confirm their agreement with
Merrill Lynch & Co., Merrill Lynch, Pierce,

- --------

         * "FELINE PRIDES," "INCOME PRIDES," AND "GROWTH PRIDES" ARE SERVICE
MARKS OF MERRILL LYNCH & CO., INC.


   3


                                                                            2



Fenner & Smith Incorporated ("Merrill Lynch") and each of the other Underwriters
named in Schedule A hereto (collectively, the "Underwriters", which term shall
also include any Underwriter substituted as hereinafter provided in Section 10
hereof), for whom Merrill Lynch and Goldman, Sachs & Co. are acting as
representatives (in such capacity, the "Representatives") with respect to the
issue and sale by the Offerors and the purchase by the Underwriters, acting
severally and not jointly, of the respective number of FELINE PRIDES(sm), each
of which will initially consist of a unit (referred to as Income PRIDES(sm) with
a Stated Amount of $50 comprised of (a) a stock purchase contract (the "Purchase
Contract") under which (i) the holder will purchase from the Company on February
16, 2001, a number of shares of capital stock, par value $1.25 per share, of the
Company (the "Common Stock"), equal to the Settlement Rate as set forth in the
Purchase Contract Agreement (defined below) and (ii) the Company will pay to the
holder unsecured, subordinated contract adjustment payments, if any, and (b)
either beneficial ownership of a ____% Trust Originated Preferred Security
("Trust Preferred Security"), having a stated liquidation amount per Trust
Preferred Security equal to the Stated Amount, representing a preferred
undivided beneficial interest in the assets of the Trust, or upon the occurrence
of a Tax Event Redemption prior to the Purchase Contract Settlement Date, the
Applicable Ownership Interest in the Treasury Portfolio (the "Initial
Securities"). The Company and the Trust also propose to grant to the
Underwriters an option to purchase up to 675,000 additional Income PRIDES (the
"Option Securities" and together with the Initial Securities, the "Securities")
as described in Section 2(b) hereof. In accordance with the terms of the
Purchase Contract Agreement, to be dated as of January , 1998, between the
Company and , as Purchase Contract Agent (the "Purchase Contract Agent"), the
Trust Preferred Securities constituting a part of the Securities will be pledged
by the Purchase Contract Agent, on behalf of the holders of the Securities, to
                , as Collateral Agent, pursuant to the Pledge Agreement, to be
dated as of January , 1998 (the "Pledge Agreement"), among the Company, the
Purchase Contract Agent and the Collateral Agent, to secure the holders'
obligation to purchase Common Stock under the Purchase Contracts. The rights and
obligations of a holder of Securities in respect of Trust Preferred Securities,
subject to the pledge thereof, and Purchase Contracts will be evidenced by
Security Certificates (the "Security Certificates") to be issued pursuant to the
Purchase Contract Agreement.

                  The Trust Preferred Securities will be guaranteed by the
Company with respect to distributions and payments upon liquidation, redemption
and otherwise (the "Trust Preferred Securities Guarantee") pursuant to the Trust
Preferred Securities Guarantee Agreement, dated as of January , 1998 (the "Trust
Preferred Securities Guarantee Agreement"), executed and delivered by the
Company and The First National Bank of Chicago, as trustee (the "Guarantee
Trustee"), for the benefit of the holders from time to time of the Trust
Preferred Securities, and certain back-up undertakings of the Company. All, or
substantially all, of the proceeds from the sale of the Trust Preferred
Securities will be combined with the entire net proceeds from the sale by the
Trust to the Company of its common securities (the "Common Securities" and,
together with the Trust Preferred Securities, the "Trust Securities") guaranteed
by the Company with respect to distributions and payments upon liquidation and
redemption (the "Common Securities Guarantee" and, together with the Trust
Preferred Securities Guarantee, the "Guarantees") pursuant to the Common
Securities Guarantee Agreement, dated as of January , 1998 (the "Common


   4


                                                                            3



Securities Guarantee Agreement" and, together with the Trust Preferred
Securities Guarantee Agreement, the "Guarantee Agreements"), executed and
delivered by the Company for the benefit of the holders from time to time of the
Common Securities, and certain backup-undertakings of the Company, and will be
used by the Trust to purchase the % Debentures due February 16, 2003 (the
"Debentures") of the Company. The Trust Preferred Securities and the Common
Securities will be issued pursuant to the amended and restated agreement of
trust of the Trust, dated as of November 12, 1997 (the "Declaration"), among the
Company, as Sponsor, , and (the "Regular Trustees"), and , as the institutional
trustee (the "Institutional Trustee") and First Chicago Delaware, Inc., as the
Delaware trustee (the "Delaware Trustee" and, together with the Institutional
Trustee and the Regular Trustees, the "Trustees"), and the holders from time to
time of undivided beneficial interests in the assets of the Trust. The
Debentures will be issued pursuant to the Indenture, dated as of January , 1998
(the "Base Indenture"), between the Company and the Bank of New York, as Trustee
(the "Debt Trustee"), as supplemented by the First Supplemental Indenture, dated
January , 1998 (the Base Indenture, as supplemented and amended, being referred
to as the "Indenture"). Capitalized terms used herein without definition shall
be used as defined in the Prospectus.

                  It is understood that the Company is concurrently entering
into purchase agreements providing for the offering by the Company of an
aggregate of 4,300,000 shares of Common Stock and of $450,000,000 aggregate
principal amount of senior debt (the "Concurrent Offerings").

                  Prior to the purchase and public offering of the Securities by
the Underwriters, the Offerors and the Underwriters shall enter into an
agreement substantially in the form of Schedule B hereto (the "Pricing
Agreement"). The Pricing Agreement may take the form of an exchange of any
standard form of written communication between the Offerors and the Underwriters
and shall specify such applicable information as is indicated in Schedule B
hereto. The offering of the Securities will be governed by this Agreement, as
supplemented by the Pricing Agreement. From and after the date of the execution
and delivery of the Pricing Agreement, this Agreement shall be deemed to
incorporate the Pricing Agreement.

                  The Company and the Trust have filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission (the "Commission") a registration statement on Form S-3 (No.
333-40809) covering the registration of securities of the Company and the Trust,
including the Securities and the Purchase Contracts and Trust Preferred
Securities included in and shares of Common Stock underlying, the Securities,
under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "1933 Act"), including the
related preliminary prospectus or prospectuses, and the offering thereof from
time to time in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Commission
under the 1933 Act (the "1933 Act Regulations") and the Company has filed such
post-effective amendments thereto as may be required prior to the execution of
the Pricing Agreement. Such registration statement, as so amended, has been
declared effective by the Commission. Such registration statement, as so
amended, including the exhibits and schedules thereto, if any, and the
information, if any, deemed to be a part thereof pursuant to Rule 430A(b) of the
1933 Act Regulations (the "Rule 430A Information") or Rule 434(d) of the 1933
Act Regulations (the "Rule 434 Information"), is referred to herein as the
"Registration


   5


                                                                            4



Statement"; and the final prospectus relating to the offering of the Securities,
in the form first furnished to the Underwriters by the Company for use in
connection with the offering of the Securities, are collectively referred to
herein as the "Prospectus"; provided, however, that all references to the
"Registration Statement" and the "Prospectus" shall be deemed to include all
documents incorporated therein by reference pursuant to the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934, as amended (the "1934 Act"), prior to the execution of the
applicable Pricing Agreement; provided, further, that if the Offerors file a
registration statement with the Commission pursuant to Section 462(b) of the
1933 Act Regulations (the "Rule 462(b) Registration Statement"), then after such
filing, all references to "Registration Statement" shall be deemed to include
the Rule 462(b) Registration Statement; and provided, further, that if the
Offerors elect to rely upon Rule 434 of the 1933 Act Regulations, then all
references to "Prospectus" shall be deemed to include the final or preliminary
prospectus and the applicable term sheet or abbreviated term sheet (the "Term
Sheet"), as the case may be, in the form first furnished to the Underwriters by
the Company in reliance upon Rule 434 of the 1933 Act Regulations, and all
references in this Underwriting Agreement to the date of the Prospectus shall
mean the date of the Term Sheet. A "preliminary prospectus" shall be deemed to
refer to any prospectus used before the registration statement became effective
and any prospectus that omitted, as applicable, the Rule 430A Information, the
Rule 434 Information or other information to be included upon pricing in a form
of prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) of the 1933 Act
Regulations, that was used after such effectiveness and prior to the execution
and delivery of the applicable Pricing Agreement. For purposes of this
Agreement, all references to the Registration Statement, any preliminary
prospectus, the Prospectus or any Term Sheet or any amendment or supplement to
any of the foregoing shall be deemed to include the electronically transmitted
copy thereof filed with the Commission pursuant to its Electronic Data
Gathering, Analysis and Retrieval system ("EDGAR").

                  All references in this Agreement to financial statements and
schedules and other information which is "contained," "included" or "stated" in
the Registration Statement, any preliminary prospectus or the Prospectus (or
other references of like import) shall be deemed to mean and include all such
financial statements and schedules and other information which is incorporated
by reference in the Registration Statement, any preliminary prospectus or the
Prospectus, as the case may be; and all references in this Agreement to
amendments or supplements to the Registration Statement, any preliminary
prospectus or the Prospectus shall be deemed to mean and include the filing of
any document under the 1934 Act which is incorporated by reference in the
Registration Statement, such preliminary prospectus or the Prospectus, as the
case may be.

                  The Offerors understand that the Underwriters propose to make
a public offering of the Securities as soon as the Underwriters deem advisable
after the Pricing Agreement has been executed and delivered and the Declaration,
the Indenture and the Trust Preferred Securities Guarantee Agreement have been
qualified under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended (the "1939 Act").



   6


                                                                            5



                  SECTION 1. Representations and Warranties.

                  (a) The Offerors represent and warrant to each Underwriter as
of the date hereof and as of the date of the Pricing Agreement (such later date
being hereinafter referred to as the "Representation Date") that:

                  (i) The Company and the Trust meet, and at the respective
         times of the commencement and consummation of the offering of the
         Securities will meet, the requirements for the use of Form S-3 under
         the 1933 Act. Each of the Registration Statement and any Rule 462(b)
         Registration Statement has become effective under the 1933 Act and no
         stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement
         or any Rule 462(b) Registration Statement has been issued under the
         1933 Act and no proceedings for that purpose have been instituted or
         are pending or, to the knowledge of the Offerors, are contemplated by
         the Commission, and any request on the part of the Commission for
         additional information has been complied with. At the respective times
         the Registration Statement, any Rule 462(b) Registration Statement and
         any post-effective amendments thereto became effective and at each
         Representation Date, the Registration Statement, any Rule 462
         Registration Statement and any amendments or supplements thereto
         complied and will comply in all material respects with the requirements
         of the 1933 Act and the 1933 Act Regulations and the 1939 Act and the
         rules and regulations of the Commission under the 1939 Act (the "1939
         Act Regulations") and did not and will not contain an untrue statement
         of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be
         stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not
         misleading. At the date of the Prospectus and at the Closing Time (as
         defined herein), the Prospectus and any amendments and supplements
         thereto did not and will not include an untrue statement of a material
         fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the
         statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they
         were made, not misleading. If the Offerors elect to rely upon Rule 434
         of the 1933 Act Regulations, the Offerors will comply with the
         requirements of Rule 434. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the
         representations and warranties in this subsection shall not apply to
         (A) statements in or omissions from the Registration Statement or the
         Prospectus made in reliance upon and in conformity with information
         furnished to the Offerors in writing by any Underwriter through Merrill
         Lynch expressly for use in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus
         or (B) the part of the Registration Statement which shall constitute
         the Statement of Eligibility (Form T-1) under the 1939 Act.

                  Each preliminary prospectus and prospectus filed as part of
         the Registration Statement as originally filed or as part of any
         amendment thereto, or filed pursuant to Rule 424 under the 1933 Act,
         complied as so filed in all material respects with the 1933 Act
         Regulations and, if applicable, each preliminary prospectus and the
         Prospectus delivered to the Underwriters for use in connection with the
         offering of the Securities will, at the time of such delivery, be
         identical to the electronically transmitted copies thereof filed with
         the Commission pursuant to EDGAR, except to the extent permitted by
         Regulation S-T.



   7


                                                                            6



                  (ii) The documents incorporated or deemed to be incorporated
         by reference in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, at the
         time they were or hereafter are filed with the Commission, complied and
         will comply in all material respects with the requirements of the 1934
         Act, and the rules and regulations of Commission thereunder (the "1934
         Act Regulations"), and, when read together with the other information
         in the Prospectus, at the time the Registration Statement became
         effective, at the time the Prospectus was issued and at the Closing
         Time, did not and will not contain an untrue statement of a material
         fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or
         necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the
         circumstances under which they were or are made, not misleading.

                  (iii) Each of the accountants who certified the financial
         statements and supporting schedules included or incorporated by
         reference in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus are
         independent public accountants as required by the 1933 Act and the 1933
         Act Regulations.

                  (iv) The financial statements of the Company included or
         incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement and the
         Prospectus, together with the related schedules and notes, present
         fairly the financial position of the Company and its consolidated
         subsidiaries as at the dates indicated and the statement of operations,
         shareholders' equity and cash flows of the Company and its consolidated
         subsidiaries for the periods specified. The financial statements of
         Greenfield Industries, Inc. ("Greenfield") included or incorporated by
         reference in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, together
         with the related schedules and notes, present fairly the financial
         position of Greenfield and its consolidated subsidiaries as at the
         dates indicated and the statement of operations, stockholders' equity
         and cash flows of Greenfield and its consolidated subsidiaries for the
         periods specified. Each of the financial statements have been prepared
         in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP")
         applied on a consistent basis throughout the periods involved. The
         supporting schedules, if any, included or incorporated by reference in
         the Registration Statement and the Prospectus present fairly in
         accordance with GAAP the information required to be stated therein. The
         ratio of earnings to fixed charges included in the Prospectus has been
         calculated in compliance with Item 503(d) of Regulation S-K of the
         Commission. The selected financial data and the summary financial
         information included in the Prospectus present fairly the information
         shown therein and have been compiled on a basis consistent with that of
         the audited financial statements included in the Registration Statement
         and the Prospectus. The pro forma financial statements and the related
         notes thereto included in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus
         present fairly the information shown therein, have been prepared in
         accordance with the Commission's rules and guidelines with respect to
         pro forma financial statements and have been properly compiled on the
         bases described therein, and the assumptions used in the preparation
         thereof are reasonable and the adjustments used therein are appropriate
         to give effect to the transactions and circumstances referred to
         therein.



   8


                                                                            7



                  (v) Since the respective dates as of which information is
         given in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, except as
         otherwise stated therein, (A) there has been no material adverse change
         in the condition, financial or otherwise, or in the earnings, business
         affairs or business prospects of the Company and its subsidiaries,
         considered as one enterprise whether or not arising in the ordinary
         course of business (a "Material Adverse Effect"), (B) there have been
         no transactions entered into by the Company or any of its subsidiaries,
         other than those in the ordinary course of business, which are material
         with respect to the Company and its subsidiaries, considered as one
         enterprise, and (C) except for regular quarterly dividends on the
         Common Stock in amounts per share that are consistent with past
         practice there has been no dividend or distribution of any kind
         declared, paid or made by the Company on any class of its capital
         stock.

                  (vi) The Company has been duly organized, is validly existing
         as a corporation in good standing under the laws of the Commonwealth of
         Pennsylvania and has corporate power and authority to own, lease and
         operate its properties and to conduct its business as described in the
         Prospectus and to enter into and perform its obligations under this
         Agreement, the Pricing Agreement, the Purchase Contract Agreement, the
         Pledge Agreement and the Guarantee Agreements. The Company is duly
         qualified as a foreign corporation to transact business and is in good
         standing in each other jurisdiction in which such qualification is
         required, whether by reason of the ownership or leasing of property or
         the conduct of business, except where the failure to so qualify or to
         be in good standing would not have a Material Adverse Effect.

                  (vii) Other than the Trust, each subsidiary of the Company has
         been duly organized and is validly existing as a corporation in good
         standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation, has
         the corporate power and authority to own, lease and operate its
         properties and to conduct its business as described in the Prospectus
         and is duly qualified as a foreign corporation to transact business and
         is in good standing in each jurisdiction in which such qualification is
         required, whether by reason of the ownership or leasing of property or
         the conduct of business, except where the failure to so qualify or to
         be in good standing would not result in a Material Adverse Effect; all
         of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of each
         subsidiary of the Company have been authorized and validly issued, are
         fully paid and non-assessable and all such shares are owned by the
         Company, directly or through its subsidiaries, free and clear of any
         security interest, mortgage, pledge, lien, encumbrance, claim or
         equity. None of the outstanding shares of capital stock of the
         subsidiaries was issued in violation of preemptive or other similar
         rights of any securityholder of such subsidiary. The only subsidiaries
         of the Company are the subsidiaries listed on Schedule C hereto.

                  (viii) The authorized, issued and outstanding capital stock of
         the Company is as set forth in the Prospectus in the column entitled
         "Actual" under the caption "Capitalization" (except for subsequent
         issuances, if any, pursuant to this Agreement, pursuant to
         reservations, agreements or employee benefit plans referred to in the
         Prospectus or pursuant to the exercise of convertible securities or
         options referred to in


   9


                                                                            8



         the Prospectus). The shares of issued and outstanding capital stock of
         the Company have been duly authorized and validly issued and are fully
         paid and non-assessable; none of the outstanding shares of capital
         stock of the Company was issued in violation of the preemptive or other
         similar rights of any securityholder of the Company.

                  (ix) The Trust has been created and is validly existing in
         good standing as a business trust under the Delaware Business Trust Act
         (the "Delaware Act") with the power and authority to own property and
         to conduct its business as described in the Registration Statement and
         Prospectus and to enter into and perform its obligations under this
         Agreement, the Pricing Agreement, the Trust Preferred Securities, the
         Common Securities and the Declaration; the Trust is qualified to
         transact business as a foreign company and is in good standing in each
         jurisdiction in which such qualification is necessary, except where the
         failure to so qualify or be in good standing would not have a Material
         Adverse Effect on the Trust; the Trust is not a party to or otherwise
         bound by any agreement other than those described in the Prospectus;
         the Trust is and will, under current law, be classified for United
         States federal income tax purposes as a grantor trust and not as an
         association taxable as a corporation.

                  (x) The Purchase Contract Agreement has been duly authorized
         by the Company and, at the Closing Time, when validly executed and
         delivered by the Company and assuming due authorization, execution and
         delivery of the Purchase Contract Agreement by the Purchase Contract
         Agent, will constitute a legal, valid and binding obligation of the
         Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms,
         and will conform in all material respects to the description thereof
         contained in the Prospectus and at the Closing Time, the Trust
         Preferred Securities Guarantee Agreement will have been duly qualified
         under the 1939 Act.

                  (xi) The Pledge Agreement has been duly authorized by the
         Company and, at the Closing Time, when validly executed and delivered
         by the Company and assuming due authorization, execution and delivery
         of the Pledge Agreement by the Collateral Agent and the Purchase
         Contract Agent, will constitute a legal, valid and binding obligation
         of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with its
         terms, and will conform in all material respects to the description
         thereof contained in the Prospectus.

                  (xii) The Remarketing Agreement has been duly authorized by
         each of the Offerors and, at the Closing Time, when validly executed
         and delivered by each of the Offerors and assuming due authorization,
         execution and delivery of the Remarketing Agreement by the Purchase
         Contract Agent and the Remarketing Agent, will constitute a legal,
         valid and binding obligation of the Company, enforceable against the
         Company in accordance with its terms, and will conform in all material
         respects to the description thereof contained in the Prospectus.

                  (xiii) The Common Securities have been duly authorized by the
         Declaration and, when issued and delivered by the Trust to the Company
         against payment therefor as described in the Registration Statement and
         the Prospectus, will be validly issued


   10


                                                                            9



         and will represent undivided beneficial interests in the assets of the
         Trust and will conform in all material respects to the description
         thereof contained in the Prospectus; the issuance of the Common
         Securities is not subject to preemptive or other similar rights; and at
         the Closing Time all of the issued and outstanding Common Securities of
         the Trust will be directly owned by the Company free and clear of any
         security interest, mortgage, pledge, lien, encumbrance, claim or
         equitable right.

                  (xiv) The Declaration has been duly authorized by the Company
         and, at the Closing Time, will have been executed and delivered by the
         Company and the Trustees, and assuming due authorization, execution and
         delivery of the Declaration by the Institutional Trustee and the
         Delaware Trustee, the Declaration will, at the Closing Time, be a
         legal, valid and binding obligation of the Company and the Regular
         Trustees, enforceable against the Company and the Regular Trustees in
         accordance with its terms, and will conform in all material respects to
         the description thereof contained in the Prospectus; and at the Closing
         Time, the Declaration will have been duly qualified under the 1939 Act.

                  (xv) Each of the Guarantee Agreements has been duly authorized
         by the Company and, when validly executed and delivered by the Company,
         and, in the case of the Trust Preferred Securities Guarantee Agreement,
         assuming due authorization, execution and delivery of the Trust
         Preferred Securities Guarantee by the Guarantee Trustee, will
         constitute a legal, valid and binding obligation of the Company,
         enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, and each
         of the Guarantees and the Guarantee Agreements will conform in all
         material respects to the description thereof contained in the
         Prospectus; and at the Closing Time, the Trust Preferred Securities
         Guarantee Agreement will have been duly qualified under the 1939 Act.

                  (xvi) The Securities have been duly authorized for issuance
         and sale to the Underwriters and, when issued and delivered against
         payment of the consideration as provided herein, will be validly issued
         and fully paid and non-assessable and will conform in all material
         respects to the description thereof contained in the Prospectus and
         such description conforms to the rights set forth in the instruments
         defining the same; no holder of the Securities will be subject to
         personal liability by reason of being such a holder; the issuance of
         the Securities is not subject to preemptive or other similar rights of
         any securityholder of the Company.

                  (xvii) The shares of Common Stock to be issued and sold by the
         Company pursuant to the Purchase Contract Agreement (the "Shares"),
         when issued and delivered in accordance with the provisions of the
         Purchase Contract Agreement and the Pledge Agreement, will be
         authorized, validly issued and fully paid and non-assessable and will
         conform in all material respects to the description thereof contained
         in the Prospectus and such description conforms to the rights set forth
         in the instruments defining the same; no holder of the Shares will be
         subject to personal liability by reason of being such a holder; and the
         issuance of such Shares will not be subject to preemptive or other
         similar rights of any securityholder of the Company.


   11


                                                                           10




                  (xviii) The Indenture has been duly authorized by the Company
         and qualified under the 1939 Act and, at the Closing Time, will have
         been executed and delivered and will constitute a legal, valid and
         binding agreement of the Company, enforceable against the Company in
         accordance with its terms; the Indenture will conform in all material
         respects to the description thereof contained in the Prospectus.

                  (xix) The Debentures have been duly authorized by the Company
         and, at the Closing Time, will have been executed by the Company and,
         when authenticated in the manner provided for in the Indenture and
         delivered against payment therefor as described in the Prospectus, will
         constitute legal, valid and binding obligations of the Company,
         enforceable against the Company in accordance with their terms, and
         will be in the form contemplated by, and entitled to the benefits of,
         the Indenture and will conform in all material respects to the
         description thereof contained in the Prospectus.

                  (xx) Each of the Regular Trustees of the Trust is an employee
         of the Company and has been authorized by the Company to execute and
         deliver the Declaration.

                  (xxi) Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries is in
         violation of its articles of incorporation or by-laws. The Trust is not
         in violation of the Declaration or its certificate of trust filed with
         the State of Delaware on November 12, 1997 (the "Certificate of
         Trust"); none of the Company, any of its subsidiaries or the Trust is
         in default in the performance or observance of any obligation,
         agreement, covenant or condition contained in any contract, indenture,
         mortgage, note, lease, loan or credit agreement or any other agreement
         or instrument to which the Company, any of its subsidiaries or the
         Trust is a party or by which any of them may be bound, or to which any
         of the property or assets of the Company, any subsidiary or the Trust
         is subject (collectively "Agreements and Instruments"), or in violation
         of any applicable law, rule or regulation or any judgment, order or
         decree of any government, governmental instrumentality or court,
         domestic or foreign, having jurisdiction over the Company or any of its
         subsidiaries or any of their respective properties or assets, which
         violation or default would, singly or in the aggregate, have a Material
         Adverse Effect.

                  (xxii) The entry into the Purchase Contracts underlying the
         Securities by the Company, the offer of the Securities as contemplated
         herein and in the Prospectus, the issue of the Shares and the sale of
         the Shares by the Company pursuant to the Purchase Contracts; the
         execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement, the Pricing
         Agreement, the Purchase Contracts, the Purchase Contract Agreement, the
         Pledge Agreement, the Remarketing Agreement, the Declaration, the Trust
         Preferred Securities, the Common Securities, the Indenture, the
         Debentures, the Guarantee Agreements and the Guarantees, and the
         consummation of the transactions contemplated herein, therein and in
         the Registration Statement (including the issuance and sale of the
         Securities, the use of proceeds from the sale of the Securities as
         described in the Prospectus under the caption "Use of Proceeds" and the
         concurrent issuance and sale of Common Stock and $450,000,000 aggregate
         principal amount of senior debt by the Company (the "Concurrent
         Offerings")) and compliance by the


   12


                                                                           11



         Offerors with their obligations hereunder and thereunder have been
         authorized by all necessary action (corporate or otherwise) and do not
         and will not, whether with or without the giving of notice or passage
         of time or both, conflict with or constitute a breach of any of the
         terms or provisions of, or constitute a default or Repayment Event (as
         defined below) under, or result in the creation or imposition of any
         lien, charge or encumbrance upon any property or assets of the Company,
         any subsidiary or the Trust pursuant to, the Agreements and Instruments
         (except for such conflicts, breaches or defaults or liens, charges or
         encumbrances that would not result in a Material Adverse Effect), nor
         will any such action result in any violation of the provisions of the
         charter or by-laws of the Company or any subsidiary or the Declaration
         or Certificate of Trust or any applicable law, statute, rule,
         regulation, judgment, order, writ or decree of any government,
         government instrumentality or court, domestic or foreign, having
         jurisdiction over the Company, any subsidiary or the Trust or any of
         their assets, properties or operations. As used herein, a "Repayment
         Event" means any event or condition which gives the holder of any note,
         debenture or other evidence of indebtedness (or any person acting on
         such holder's behalf) the right to require the repurchase, redemption
         or repayment of all or a portion of such indebtedness by the Company,
         any subsidiary or the Trust.

                  (xxiii) No labor dispute with the employees of the Company or
         any of its subsidiaries exists or, to the knowledge of the Company, is
         imminent and the Company is not aware of any existing or imminent labor
         disturbance by the employees of any of its or any subsidiary's
         principal suppliers, manufacturers, customers or contractors, which, in
         either case, may reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse
         Effect.

                  (xxiv) There is no action, suit, proceeding, inquiry or
         investigation before or brought by any court or governmental agency or
         body, domestic or foreign, now pending, or, to the knowledge of the
         Company, threatened against or affecting the Trust, the Company or any
         of its subsidiaries which is required to be disclosed in the
         Registration Statement and the Prospectus (other than as disclosed
         therein), or which might reasonably be expected to result in a Material
         Adverse Effect, or which might be reasonably be expected to materially
         and adversely affect the properties or assets thereof or the
         consummation of the transactions contemplated in this Agreement or the
         Concurrent Offerings, the Pricing Agreement, the Purchase Contracts,
         the Purchase Contract Agreement, the Pledge Agreement, the Guarantee
         Agreements, the Indenture or the performance by the Company of it
         obligations hereunder and thereunder. The aggregate of all pending
         legal or governmental proceedings to which the Trust, the Company or
         any subsidiary thereof is a party or of which any of their respective
         properties or operations is the subject which are not described in the
         Registration Statement and the Prospectus, including ordinary routine
         litigation incidental to the business, could not reasonably be expected
         to result in a Material Adverse Effect.

                  (xxv) There are no contracts or documents which are required
         to be described in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or the
         documents incorporated by


   13


                                                                           12



         reference therein or to be filed as exhibits thereto which have not
         been so described and filed as required.

                  (xxvi) This Agreement and the Pricing Agreement have been duly
         authorized, executed and delivered by each of the Offerors.

                  (xxvii) The Company and its subsidiaries own or possess, or
         can acquire on reasonable terms, adequate patents, patent rights,
         licenses, inventions, copyrights, know-how (including trade secrets and
         other unpatented and/or unpatentable proprietary or confidential
         information, systems or procedures), trademarks, service marks, trade
         names or other intellectual property (collectively, "Intellectual
         Property") necessary to carry on the business now operated by them, and
         neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has received any notice
         or is otherwise aware of any infringement of or conflict with asserted
         rights of others with respect to any Intellectual Property or of any
         facts or circumstances which would render any Intellectual Property
         invalid or inadequate to protect the interest of the Company or any of
         its subsidiaries therein, and which infringement or conflict (if the
         subject of any unfavorable decision, ruling or finding) or invalidity
         or inadequacy, singly or in the aggregate, would result in a Material
         Adverse Effect.

                  (xxviii) No filing with, or authorization, approval, consent,
         license, order, registration, qualification or decree of, any court or
         governmental authority or agency is necessary or required for the
         performance by the Offerors of their obligations hereunder, in
         connection with the offering, issuance or sale of the Securities
         hereunder, the entry into the Purchase Contracts underlying the
         Securities, in connection with the issuance and sale of the Common
         Securities, and the issuance and sale of the Shares by the Company
         pursuant to such Purchase Contracts or the consummation of the
         transactions contemplated by this Agreement or the issuance and sale of
         Common Stock and of senior debt of the Company pursuant to the
         Concurrent Offerings, except such as have been already obtained or as
         may be required under the 1933 Act or the 1933 Act Regulations or state
         securities laws.

                  (xxix) The Company and its subsidiaries possess such permits,
         licenses, approvals, consents and other authorizations (collectively,
         "Governmental Licenses") issued by the appropriate federal, state,
         local or foreign regulatory agencies or bodies necessary to conduct the
         business now operated by them; the Company and its subsidiaries are in
         compliance with the terms and conditions of all such Governmental
         Licenses, except where the failure so to comply would not, singly or in
         the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect; all of the Governmental
         Licenses are valid and in full force and effect, except when the
         invalidity of such Governmental Licenses or the failure of such
         Governmental Licenses to be in full force and effect would not have a
         Material Adverse Effect; and neither the Company nor any of its
         subsidiaries has received any notice of proceedings relating to the
         revocation or modification of any such Governmental Licenses which,
         singly or in the aggregate, if the subject of an unfavorable decision,
         ruling or finding, would result in a Material Adverse Effect.



   14


                                                                           13



                  (xxx) The Company and its subsidiaries have good and
         marketable title to all real property owned by the Company and its
         subsidiaries and good title to all other properties owned by them, in
         each case, free and clear of all mortgages, pledges, liens, security
         interests, claims, restrictions or encumbrances of any kind except such
         as (a) are described in the Prospectus or (b) do not, singly or in the
         aggregate, materially affect the value of such property and do not
         interfere with the use made and proposed to be made of such property by
         the Company or any of its subsidiaries; and all of the leases and
         subleases material to the business of the Company and its subsidiaries,
         considered as one enterprise, and under which the Company or any of its
         subsidiaries holds properties described in the Prospectus, are in full
         force and effect, and neither the Company nor any subsidiary has any
         notice of any material claim of any sort that has been asserted by
         anyone adverse to the rights of the Company or any subsidiary under any
         of the leases or subleases mentioned above, or affecting or questioning
         the rights of the Company or such subsidiary to the continued
         possession of the leased or subleased premises under any such lease or
         sublease.

                  (xxxi) Except as described in the Registration Statement and
         except as would not, singly or in the aggregate, result in a Material
         Adverse Effect, (A) neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries is
         in violation of any federal, state, local or foreign statute, law,
         rule, regulation, ordinance, code, policy or rule of common law or any
         judicial or administrative interpretation thereof, including any
         judicial or administrative order, consent, decree or judgment, relating
         to pollution or protection of human health, the environment (including,
         without limitation, ambient air, surface water, groundwater, land
         surface or subsurface strata) or wildlife, including, without
         limitation, laws and regulations relating to the release or threatened
         release of chemicals, pollutants, contaminants, wastes, toxic
         substances, hazardous substances, petroleum or petroleum products
         (collectively, "Hazardous Materials") or to the manufacture,
         processing, distribution, use, treatment, storage, disposal, transport
         or handling of Hazardous Materials (collectively, "Environmental
         Laws"), (B) the Company and its subsidiaries have all permits,
         authorizations and approvals required under any applicable
         Environmental Laws and are each in compliance with their requirements,
         (C) there are no pending or threatened administrative, regulatory or
         judicial actions, suits, demands, demand letters, claims, liens,
         notices of noncompliance or violation, investigation or proceedings
         relating to any Environmental Law against the Company or any of its
         subsidiaries and (D) there are no events or circumstances that might
         reasonably be expected to form the basis of an order for clean-up or
         remediation, or an action, suit or proceeding by any private party or
         governmental body or agency, against or affecting the Company or any of
         its subsidiaries relating to Hazardous Materials or any Environmental
         Laws.

                  (xxxii) The Company has complied with, and is and will be in
         compliance with, the provisions of that certain Florida act relating to
         disclosure of doing business in Cuba, codified as Section 517.075 of
         the Florida statutes, and the rules and regulations thereunder
         (collectively, the "Cuba Act") or is exempt therefrom.



   15


                                                                           14



                  (xxxiii) None of the Trust nor the Company or any of its
         subsidiaries is, and upon the issuance and sale of the Securities as
         herein contemplated and the application of the net proceeds therefrom
         as described in the Prospectus will not be, an "investment company" or
         an entity "controlled" by an "investment company" as such terms are
         defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the "1940
         Act").

                  (xxxiv) The Company has filed all federal, state, local and
         foreign income and franchise tax returns required to be filed through
         the date hereof and has paid all taxes due thereon, and no tax
         deficiency has been determined adversely to the Company or any of its
         subsidiaries which has had (nor does the Company have any knowledge of
         any tax deficiency which, if determined adversely to the Company or any
         of its subsidiaries, might have) a Material Adverse Effect or a
         material adverse effect on the condition, financial or otherwise, or on
         the earnings, business affairs or business prospects of the Company and
         its subsidiaries considered as one enterprise.

                  (b) Any certificate signed by any officer of the Company or a
Trustee of the Trust and delivered to the Representatives or to counsel for the
Representatives shall be deemed a representation and warranty by the Company or
the Trust, as the case may be, as to the matters covered thereby.

                  SECTION 2. Sale and Delivery to the Underwriters; Closing.


                  (a) On the basis of the representations and warranties herein
contained and subject to the terms and conditions herein set forth, the Offerors
agree to sell to each Underwriter, severally and not jointly, and each
Underwriter, severally and not jointly, agrees to purchase from the Offerors,
the number of Initial Securities set forth in Schedule A opposite the name of
such Underwriter at the price per security set forth in the Pricing Agreement,
plus any additional number of Initial Securities which such Underwriter may
become obligated to purchase pursuant to the provisions of Section 10 hereof.

                  (1) If the Offerors have elected not to rely upon Rule 430A of
the 1933 Act Regulations, the initial public offering price per Security and the
purchase price per Security to be paid by the Underwriters for the Securities
have each been determined and set forth in the Pricing Agreement, dated the date
hereof, and any necessary amendments to the Registration Statement and the
Prospectus will be filed before the Registration Statement becomes effective.

                  (2) If the Offerors have elected to rely upon Rule 430A of the
1933 Act Regulations, the purchase price per Security to be paid by the
Underwriters shall be an amount equal to the initial public offering price per
Security, less an amount per Security to be determined by agreement between the
Underwriters and the Offerors. The initial public offering price per Security
shall be a fixed price to be determined by agreement between the Underwriters
and the Offerors. The initial public offering price and the purchase price, when
so determined, shall be set forth in the Pricing Agreement. In the event that
such prices have


   16


                                                                           15



not been agreed upon and the Pricing Agreement has not been executed and
delivered by all parties thereto by the close of business on the fourth business
day following the date of this Agreement, this Agreement shall terminate
forthwith, without liability of any party to any other party, unless otherwise
agreed to by the Offerors and the Underwriters.

                  (b) In addition, on the basis of the representations and
warranties herein contained and subject to the terms and conditions herein set
forth, the Offerors hereby grant to the Underwriters, severally and not jointly,
the right to purchase up to an additional 675,000 Option Securities at the price
per share set forth in the Pricing Agreement. The option hereby granted will
expire automatically at the close of business on the 30th calendar day after (i)
the later of the date the Registration Statement and any Rule 462(b)
Registration Statement becomes effective, if the Offerors have elected not to
rely upon Rule 430A under the 1933 Act Regulations, or (ii) the Representation
Date, if the Offerors have elected to rely upon Rule 430A under the 1933 Act
Regulations, and may be exercised in whole or in part from time to time only for
the purpose of covering over-allotments which may be made in connection with the
offering and distribution of the Initial Securities upon notice by the
Representatives to the Offerors setting forth the aggregate number of additional
Optional Securities to be purchased and the time and date of delivery for the
related Option Securities. Any such time and date of delivery (a "Date of
Delivery") shall be determined by the Representatives but shall not be later
than seven full business days after the exercise of such option, nor in any
event before the Closing Time, unless otherwise agreed upon by the
Representatives and the Offerors. If the option is exercised as to all or any
portion of the Option Securities, each of the Underwriters, acting severally and
not jointly, will purchase that proportion of the total number of Option
Securities then being purchased which the number of Initial Securities set forth
in Schedule A opposite the name of such Underwriter bears to the total number of
Initial Securities, subject in each case to such adjustments as the
Representatives in their discretion shall make to eliminate any sales or
purchases of fractional shares.

                  (c) The Trust Preferred Securities underlying the Securities
will be pledged with the Collateral Agent to secure the holders' obligations to
purchase Common Stock under the Purchase Contracts. Such pledge shall be
effected by the transfer to the Collateral Agent of the Trust Preferred
Securities to be pledged at the Closing Time and appropriate Date of Delivery,
if any, in accordance with the Pledge Agreement.

                  (d) Payment of the purchase price for, and delivery of
certificates for, the Initial Securities, shall be made, against the delivery to
the Collateral Agent of the Trust Preferred Securities relating to such
Securities, at the offices of Simpson Thacher & Bartlett, 425 Lexington Avenue,
New York, New York 10017, or at such other place as shall be agreed upon by the
Representatives and the Company, at 9:00 A.M. (Eastern time) on the third
(fourth, if the pricing occurs after 4:30 P.M. (Eastern time) on any given day)
business day after the date hereof (unless postponed in accordance with the
provisions of Section 10), or such other time not later than ten business days
after such date as shall be agreed upon by the Representatives and the Company
(such time and date of payment and delivery being herein called "Closing Time").



   17


                                                                           16



                  In addition, in the event that any or all of the Option
Securities are purchased by the Underwriters, payment of the purchase price for,
and delivery of certificates for, such Option Securities shall be made at the
above-mentioned offices, or at such other place as shall be agreed upon by the
Representatives and the Company, on each Date of Delivery as specified in the
notice from the Representatives to the Company.

                  Payment shall be made to the Company by wire transfer of
immediately available funds to a bank account designated by the Company, against
delivery to the Representatives for the respective accounts of the Underwriters
of certificates for the Securities to be purchased by them. It is understood
that each Underwriter has authorized the Representatives, for its account, to
accept delivery of, receipt for, and make payment of the purchase price for, the
Initial Securities and the Option Securities, if any, which it has agreed to
purchase. Merrill Lynch, individually and not as representative of the
Underwriters, may (but shall not be obligated to) make payment of the purchase
price for the Initial Securities or the Option Securities, if any, to be
purchased by any Underwriter whose funds have not been received by the Closing
Time or the relevant Date of Delivery, as the case may be, but such payment
shall not relieve such Underwriter from its obligations hereunder.

                  Certificates for the Initial Securities and the Option
Securities, if any, shall be in such denominations and registered in such names
as the Representatives may request in writing at least one full business days
before the Closing Time or any Date of Delivery, as the case may be. The
certificates for the Initial Securities and the Option Securities, if any, will
be made available for examination and packaging by the Representatives in The
City of New York not later than 10:00 a.m. (Eastern time) on the business day
prior to the Closing Time or the relevant Date of Delivery, as the case may be.

                  SECTION 3. Covenants of the Offerors. The Offerors covenant
with each Underwriter as follows:

                  (a) The Offerors, subject to Section 3(b), will comply with
         the requirements of Rule 430A of the 1933 Act Regulations and/or Rule
         434 of the 1933 Act Regulations, as applicable, and will notify the
         Representatives immediately, and confirm the notice in writing, (i) of
         the effectiveness of any post-effective amendment to the Registration
         Statement or the filing of any supplement or amendment to the
         Prospectus, (ii) of the receipt of any comments from the Commission,
         (iii) of any request by the Commission for any amendment to the
         Registration Statement or any amendment or supplement to the Prospectus
         or for additional information, (iv) of the issuance by the Commission
         of any stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration
         Statement or of any order preventing or suspending the use of any
         preliminary prospectus, or the initiation of any proceedings for that
         purpose and (v) of the issuance by any state securities commission or
         other regulatory authority of any order suspending the qualification or
         the exemption from qualification of the Securities or the Shares under
         state securities or Blue Sky laws or the initiation or threatening of
         any proceeding for such purpose. The Company will promptly effect the
         filings necessary pursuant to Rule 424(b) and will take such steps as
         it deems necessary to ascertain promptly whether the form of prospectus
         transmitted for filing under Rule 424(b) was received for filing by the


   18


                                                                           17



         Commission and, in the event that it was not, it will promptly file
         such prospectus. The Offerors will make every reasonable effort to
         prevent the issuance of any stop order and, if any stop order is
         issued, to obtain the lifting thereof at the earliest possible moment.

                  (b) The Offerors will give the Representatives notice of their
         intention to file or prepare any amendment to the Registration
         Statement (including any post-effective amendment and any filing under
         Rule 462(b) of the 1933 Act Regulations), any Term Sheet or any
         amendment, supplement or revision to either the prospectus included in
         the Registration Statement at the time it became effective or to the
         Prospectus, whether pursuant to the 1933 Act, the 1934 Act or
         otherwise; will furnish the Representatives with copies of any such
         Rule 462(b) Registration Statement, Term Sheet, amendment, supplement
         or revision a reasonable amount of time prior to such proposed filing
         or use, as the case may be; and will not file or use any such Rule
         462(b) Registration Statement, Term Sheet, amendment, supplement or
         revision to which the Representatives or counsel for the
         Representatives shall object.

                  (c) The Company has furnished or will deliver to the
         Representatives and counsel for the Representatives, without charge,
         signed copies of the Registration Statement as originally filed and of
         each amendment thereto (including exhibits filed therewith or
         incorporated by reference therein and documents incorporated or deemed
         to be incorporated by reference therein) and signed copies of all
         consents and certificates of experts, and will also deliver to the
         Representatives, without charge, a conformed copy of the Registration
         Statement as originally filed and of each amendment thereto (without
         exhibits) for each of the Underwriters. The copies of the Registration
         Statement and each amendment thereto furnished to the Underwriters will
         be identical to the electronically transmitted copies thereof filed
         with the Commission pursuant to EDGAR, except to the extent permitted
         by Regulation S-T.

                  (d) The Company has delivered to each Underwriter, without
         charge, as many copies of each preliminary prospectus as such
         Underwriter reasonably requested, and the Company hereby consents to
         the use of such copies for purposes permitted by the 1933 Act. The
         Company will furnish to each Underwriter, without charge, during the
         period when the Prospectus is required to be delivered under the 1933
         Act or the 1934 Act, such number of copies of the Prospectus (as
         amended or supplemented) as such Underwriter may reasonably request.
         The Prospectus and any amendments or supplements thereto furnished to
         the Underwriters will be identical to the electronically transmitted
         copies thereof filed with the Commission pursuant to EDGAR, except to
         the extent permitted by Regulation S-T.

                  (e) The Offerors will comply with the 1933 Act and the 1933
         Act Regulations and the 1934 Act and the 1934 Act Regulations so as to
         permit the completion of the distribution of the Securities as
         contemplated in this Agreement and in the Registration Statement and
         the Prospectus. If at any time when a Prospectus is required by the
         1933 Act to be delivered in connection with sales of the Securities,
         any event shall occur or condition shall exist as a result of which it
         is necessary, in the opinion of


   19


                                                                           18



         counsel for the Underwriters or for the Offerors, to amend the
         Registration Statement or amend or supplement the Prospectus in order
         that the Prospectus will not include any untrue statements of a
         material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to
         make the statements therein not misleading in the light of the
         circumstances existing at the time it is delivered to a purchaser, or
         if it shall be necessary, in the opinion of such counsel, at any such
         time to amend the Registration Statement or amend or supplement the
         Prospectus in order to comply with the requirements of the 1933 Act or
         the 1933 Act Regulations, the Offerors will promptly prepare and file
         with the Commission, subject to Section 3(b), such amendment or
         supplement as may be necessary to correct such statement or omission or
         to make the Registration Statement or the Prospectus comply with such
         requirements, and the Offerors will furnish to the Underwriters,
         without charge, such number of copies of such amendment or supplement
         as the Underwriters may reasonably request.

                  (f) The Offerors will use their best efforts, in cooperation
         with the Underwriters, to qualify the Securities for offering and sale
         under the applicable securities laws of such states and other
         jurisdictions as the Representatives may designate and to maintain such
         qualifications in effect for a period of not less than one year from
         the later of the effective date of the Registration Statement and any
         Rule 462(b) Registration Statement; provided, however, that the Company
         shall not be obligated to file any general consent to service of
         process or to qualify as a foreign corporation or as a dealer in
         securities in any jurisdiction in which it is not so qualified or to
         subject itself to taxation in respect of doing business in any
         jurisdiction in which it is not otherwise so subject. In each
         jurisdiction in which the Securities have been so qualified, the
         Offerors will file such statements and reports as may be required by
         the laws of such jurisdiction to continue such qualification in effect
         for a period of not less than one year from the effective date of the
         Registration Statement and any Rule 462(b) Registration Statement.

                  (g) The Company will timely file such reports pursuant to the
         1934 Act as are necessary in order to make generally available to its
         securityholders as soon as practicable an earning statement for the
         purposes of, and to provide the benefits contemplated by, the last
         paragraph of Section 11(a) of the 1933 Act.

                  (h) The Company will use the net proceeds received by it from
         the sale of the Securities in the manner specified in the Prospectus
         under "Use of Proceeds".

                  (i) The Offerors, during the period when the Prospectus is
         required to be delivered under the 1933 Act of the 1934 Act, will file
         all documents required to be filed with the Commission pursuant to the
         1934 Act within the time periods required by the 1934 Act and the 1934
         Act Regulations.

                  (j) The Offerors will use their best efforts to effect the
         listing of the Income PRIDES and the Shares on the New York Stock
         Exchange and to cause the Securities to be registered under the 1934
         Act.



   20


                                                                           19



                  (k) During a period of 90 days from the date of the Pricing
         Agreement, neither the Trust nor the Company will, without the prior
         written consent of Merrill Lynch, (A) directly or indirectly, offer,
         pledge, sell, contract to sell, sell any option or contract to
         purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell, grant any option,
         right or warrant to purchase or otherwise transfer or dispose of any
         Securities, Purchase Contracts, Trust Preferred Securities, Common
         Stock or the Debentures or any security convertible into or
         exchangeable or exercisable for Securities, Purchase Contracts, Trust
         Preferred Securities, Common Stock or the Debentures, or any equity
         securities substantially similar to the Securities, Trust Preferred
         Securities, Purchase Contracts or Common Stock or any debt securities
         substantially similar to the Debentures; or (B) enter into any swap or
         any other agreement or any transaction that transfers, in whole or in
         part, directly or indirectly, the economic consequence of ownership of
         the Securities, Purchase Contracts, Trust Preferred Securities, Common
         Stock or the Debentures or any security convertible into or
         exchangeable into or exercisable for the Securities, Purchase
         Contracts, Trust Preferred Securities, Common Stock or the Debentures
         or any debt securities substantially similar to the Debentures or
         equity securities substantially similar to the Securities, whether any
         such swap or transaction described in (A) or (B) is to be settled by
         delivery of Securities, Purchase Contracts, Trust Preferred Securities,
         Common Stock or the Debentures or other such securities, in cash or
         otherwise. The foregoing sentence shall not apply to (A) the
         Securities, Purchase Contracts, Trust Preferred Securities, Common
         Stock or the Debentures to be sold hereunder or pursuant to the
         Concurrent Offerings, (B) Income PRIDES or Growth PRIDES to be created
         or recreated upon substitution of pledged securities or shares of
         Common Stock issuable upon early settlement of the Income PRIDES or
         Growth PRIDES, (C) any shares of Common Stock issued by the Company
         upon the exercise of an option or warrant or the conversion of a
         security outstanding on the date hereof and referred to in the
         Prospectus, (D) any shares of Common Stock issued or options to
         purchase Common Stock granted pursuant to existing employee benefit
         plans of the Company referred to in the Prospectus or (E) any shares of
         Common Stock issued pursuant to any non-employee director stock plan or
         dividend reinvestment plan.

                  SECTION 4. Payment of Expenses. The Company will pay all
expenses incident to the performance of its obligations under this Agreement,
the Pricing Agreement, the Purchase Contracts, the Purchase Contract Agreement,
the Pledge Agreement and the Remarketing Agreement, including, without
limitation, expenses related to the following, if incurred: (i) the preparation,
delivery, printing and filing of the Registration Statement and Prospectus as
originally filed (including financial statements and exhibits) and of each
amendment thereto; (ii) the preparation, printing and delivery to the
Underwriters of this Agreement, the Pricing Agreement, any Agreement among
Underwriters and such other documents as may be required in connection with the
offering, purchase, sale, issuance, or delivery of the Securities; (iii) the
preparation, issuance and delivery of the certificates for the Securities and
the Shares to the Underwriters, including any stock or other transfer taxes and
any stamp or other duties payable upon the sale, issuance or delivery of the
Securities to the Underwriters; (iv) the fees and disbursements of the Company's
counsel, accountants and other advisors or agents (including the transfer agents
and registrars), as well as fees and


   21


                                                                           20



disbursements of the Trustees, the Purchase Contract Agent, the Remarketing
Agent, the Collateral Agent and any Depositary, and their respective counsel;
(v) the qualification of the Securities and the Shares under securities laws in
accordance with the provisions of Section 3(f), including filing fees and the
reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel for the Underwriters in connection
therewith and in connection with the preparation of the Blue Sky Survey and any
supplement thereto; (vi) the printing and delivery to the Underwriters of copies
of the Registration Statement as originally filed and of each amendment thereto,
of each preliminary prospectus, any Term Sheet and of the Prospectus and any
amendments or supplements thereto; (vii) the printing and delivery to the
Underwriters of copies of the Blue Sky Survey and any supplement thereto; (viii)
any fees payable in connection with the rating of the Securities by nationally
recognized statistical rating organizations; (ix) any fees payable to the
Commission; and (x) the fees and expenses incurred in connection with the
listing of the Income PRIDES and the Shares on the New York Stock Exchange.

                  If this Agreement is terminated by the Representatives in
accordance with the provisions of Section 5 or Section 9(a)(i) hereof, the
Company shall reimburse the Underwriters for all of their out-of-pocket
expenses, including the reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel for the
Underwriters.

                  SECTION 5. Conditions of Underwriters' Obligations. The
obligations of the several Underwriters hereunder are subject to the accuracy of
the representations and warranties of the Offerors herein contained or in
certificates of any officer of the Company or any subsidiary or the trustees of
the Trust delivered pursuant to the provisions hereof, to the performance by the
Offerors of their covenants and other obligations hereunder, and to the
following further conditions:

                  (a) The Registration Statement, including any Rule 462(b)
         Registration Statement, has become effective, and on the date hereof
         and at the Closing Time and any Date of Delivery, no stop order
         suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement shall have
         been issued under the 1933 Act or proceedings therefor initiated or
         threatened by the Commission, and any request on the part of the
         Commission for additional information shall have been complied with to
         the satisfaction of counsel to the Underwriters. A prospectus
         containing Rule 430A shall have been filed with the Commission in
         accordance with Rule 424(b) (or any required post-effective amendment
         providing such information shall have been filed and declared effective
         in accordance with the requirements of Rule 430A), or, if the Company
         has elected to rely upon Rule 434, a Term Sheet shall have been filed
         with the Commission in accordance with Rule 424(b).

                  (b) At the Closing Time the Representatives shall have
         received:

                           (1) The favorable opinion, dated as of the Closing
                  Time, of David T. Cofer, Vice President, Secretary and General
                  Counsel to the Company, in form and substance satisfactory to
                  counsel for the Underwriters, together with signed or
                  reproduced copies of such letter for each of the other
                  Underwriters, to the effect that:


   22


                                                                           21




                                          (i) The Company has been duly
                           incorporated and is validly existing as a corporation
                           in good standing under the laws of the Commonwealth
                           of Pennsylvania.

                                         (ii) The Company has corporate power
                           and authority to own, lease and operate its
                           properties and to conduct its business as described
                           in the Prospectus.

                                        (iii) The Company is duly qualified as a
                           foreign corporation to transact business and is in
                           good standing in each jurisdiction in which such
                           qualification is required whether by reason of the
                           ownership or leasing of property or the conduct of
                           business, except where the failure so to qualify or
                           to be in good standing would not result in a Material
                           Adverse Effect.

                                         (iv) The authorized, issued and
                           outstanding capital stock of the Company is as set
                           forth in the Prospectus in the column entitled
                           "Actual" under the caption "Capitalization" (except
                           for subsequent issuances, pursuant to reservation,
                           agreements or employee benefit plans referred to in
                           the Prospectus or pursuant to the exercise of
                           convertible securities or options referred to in the
                           Prospectus); the shares of issued and outstanding
                           capital stock have been duly authorized and validly
                           issued and are fully paid and non-assessable; and
                           none of the outstanding shares of capital stock of
                           the Company was issued in violation of the preemptive
                           or other similar rights of any securityholder of the
                           Company.

                                          (v) Except for the Trust, each U.S.
                           subsidiary of the Company has been incorporated and
                           is validly existing as a corporation in good standing
                           under the laws of the jurisdiction of its
                           incorporation, has the corporate power and authority
                           to own, lease and operate its properties and to
                           conduct its business as described in the Prospectus
                           and is duly qualified as a foreign corporation to
                           transact business and is in good standing in each
                           jurisdiction in which such qualification is required,
                           whether by reason of the ownership or leasing of
                           property or the conduct of business, except where the
                           failure to so qualify or to be in good standing would
                           not result in a Material Adverse Effect; all of the
                           issued and outstanding capital stock of each such
                           subsidiary of the Company has been duly authorized
                           and validly issued, is fully paid and non-assessable
                           and, to the best of my knowledge, is owned by the
                           Company directly or through subsidiaries all such
                           shares are owned by the Company, directly or through
                           its subsidiaries, free and clear of any security
                           interest, mortgage, pledge, lien, encumbrance, claim
                           or equity; none of the outstanding shares of capital
                           stock of any subsidiary was issued in violation of
                           the preemptive or similar rights of any
                           securityholder of such subsidiary.


   23


                                                                           22




                                         (vi) The Declaration has been duly
                           authorized, executed and delivered by the Company and
                           the Trustees and is a legal, valid and binding
                           obligation of the Company, enforceable against the
                           Company and each of the Regular Trustees in
                           accordance with its terms, subject to the effects of
                           bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent conveyance,
                           reorganization, moratorium and other similar laws
                           relating to or affecting creditors' rights generally,
                           general equitable principles (whether considered in a
                           proceeding in equity or at law) (the "Bankruptcy
                           Exceptions"); and the Declaration has been duly
                           qualified under the 1939 Act.

                                        (vii) All legally required proceedings
                           in connection with the authorization, issuance and
                           validity of the Securities and the sale of the
                           Securities in accordance with this Agreement (other
                           than the filing of post-issuance reports, the
                           non-filing of which would not render the Securities
                           invalid) have been taken and all legally required
                           orders, consents or other authorizations or approvals
                           of any other public boards or bodies in connection
                           with the authorization, issuance and validity of the
                           Securities and the sale of the Securities in
                           accordance with this Agreement (other than in
                           connection with or in compliance with the provisions
                           of the securities or Blue Sky laws of any
                           jurisdictions, as to which no opinion need be
                           expressed) have been obtained and are in full force
                           and effect.

                                       (viii) The Registration Statement,
                           including any Rule 462(b) Registration Statement, has
                           been declared effective under the 1933 Act and the
                           required filing of the Prospectus pursuant to the
                           Rule 424(b) has been made in the manner and within
                           the time period required by Rule 424(b); and, to the
                           best of my knowledge, no stop order suspending the
                           effectiveness of the Registration Statement or a Rule
                           462(b) Registration Statement has been issued under
                           the 1933 Act, and no proceedings therefor have been
                           initiated or threatened by the Commission.

                                         (ix) The Registration Statement as of
                           its effective date and the Prospectus and each
                           amendment or supplement thereto as of its issue date
                           (other than the financial statements and supporting
                           schedules included therein or omitted therefrom, as
                           to which we need express no opinion), complied as to
                           form in all material respects with the requirements
                           of the 1933 Act and the 1933 Act Regulations; and the
                           Declaration, the Indenture, the Trust Preferred
                           Securities Guarantee Agreement and the Statements of
                           Eligibility on Forms T-1 with respect to each of the
                           Institutional Trustee, the Debt Trustee, and the
                           Guarantee Trustee filed with the Commission as part
                           of the Registration Statement complied as to form in
                           all respects with the requirements of the 1939 Act
                           and the 1939 Act Regulations.



   24


                                                                           23



                                          (x) Each of the documents incorporated
                           by reference in the Prospectus (other than the
                           financial statements and supporting schedules
                           included therein or omitted therefrom, as to which we
                           need express no opinion), when they were filed with
                           the Commission complied as to form in all material
                           respects with the requirements of the 1934 Act and
                           the 1934 Act Regulations.

                                         (xi) The Securities have been duly
                           authorized for issuance and sale to the Underwriters
                           pursuant to this Agreement and, when issued and
                           delivered by the Company pursuant to this Agreement
                           against payment of the consideration as provided in
                           the Pricing Agreement, will be validly issued and
                           fully paid and non-assessable and no holder of the
                           Securities is or will be subject to personal
                           liability by reason of being such a holder; the
                           Common Stock and the Securities are each registered
                           under the 1934 Act, and the Income PRIDES issuable at
                           the Closing Time and the Shares issuable by the
                           Company pursuant to the Purchase Contracts have been
                           authorized for listing on the New York Stock
                           Exchange, upon official notice of issuance.

                                        (xii) The Shares subject to the Purchase
                           Contract Agreement have been validly authorized and
                           reserved for issuance and, when issued and delivered
                           by the Company in accordance with the provisions of
                           the Purchase Contract Agreement, the Purchase
                           Contracts and the Pledge Agreement, will be fully
                           paid and non-assessable and no holder of the
                           Securities is or will be subject to personal
                           liability by reason of being such a holder; the
                           issuance of such Shares will not be subject to
                           preemptive or other similar rights arising by law or,
                           to the best of such counsel's knowledge, otherwise.

                                       (xiii) The issuance of the Securities is
                           not subject to preemptive or other similar rights of
                           any securityholder of the Company.

                                        (xiv) All of the issued and outstanding
                           Common Securities of the Trust are directly owned by
                           the Company free and clear of any security interest,
                           mortgage, pledge, lien, encumbrance, claim or
                           equitable right.

                                         (xv) This Agreement and the Pricing
                           Agreement have been duly authorized, executed and
                           delivered by each of the Company and the Trust.

                                        (xvi) The Purchase Contract Agreement
                           has been duly authorized by the Company and, assuming
                           due authorization, execution and delivery of the
                           Purchase Contract Agreement by the Purchase Contract
                           Agent, constitutes a legal, valid and binding
                           obligation of the


   25


                                                                           24



                           Company, enforceable against the Company in
                           accordance with its terms, subject to the Bankruptcy
                           Exceptions.

                                       (xvii) The Pledge Agreement has been duly
                           authorized by the Company and, assuming due
                           authorization, execution and delivery of the Pledge
                           Agreement by the Collateral Agent and the Purchase
                           Contract Agent, constitutes a legal, valid and
                           binding obligation of the Company, enforceable
                           against the Company in accordance with its terms,
                           subject to the Bankruptcy Exceptions.

                                       (xviii) The Remarketing Agreement has
                           been duly authorized by the Offerors and, assuming
                           due authorization, execution and delivery of the
                           Remarketing Agreement by the Purchase Contract Agent
                           and the Remarketing Agent, constitutes a legal, valid
                           and binding obligation of the Company, enforceable
                           against the Company in accordance with its terms,
                           subject to the Bankruptcy Exceptions.

                                        (xix) Each of the Guarantee Agreements
                           has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by
                           the Company; the Trust Preferred Securities Guarantee
                           Agreement, assuming it is duly authorized, executed,
                           and delivered by the Guarantee Trustee, constitutes a
                           legal, valid and binding obligation of the Company,
                           enforceable against the Company in accordance with
                           its terms, subject to the Bankruptcy Exceptions, and
                           the Trust Preferred Securities Guarantee Agreement
                           and the Declaration have been duly qualified under
                           the 1939 Act.

                                         (xx) The Indenture has been executed
                           and delivered by the Company and, assuming
                           authorization, execution, and delivery thereof by the
                           Debt Trustee, is a legal, valid and binding
                           obligation of the Company, enforceable against the
                           Company in accordance with its terms, subject to the
                           Bankruptcy Exceptions; and the Indenture has been
                           duly qualified under the 1939 Act.

                                        (xxi) The Debentures are in the form
                           contemplated by the Indenture, have been duly
                           authorized, executed and delivered by the Company
                           and, when authenticated by the Debt Trustee in the
                           manner provided for in the Indenture and delivered
                           against payment therefor by the Trust, will
                           constitute legal, valid and binding obligations of
                           the Company, enforceable against the Company in
                           accordance with their terms, subject to the
                           Bankruptcy Exceptions.

                                       (xxii) The entry into the Purchase
                           Contracts underlying the Securities by the Company,
                           the offer of the Securities as contemplated herein
                           and in the Prospectus, the issue of the Shares and
                           the sale of the Shares by the Company pursuant to the
                           Purchase Contracts; the execution, delivery and
                           performance of this Agreement, the Pricing


   26


                                                                           25



                           Agreement, the Purchase Contracts, the Purchase
                           Contract Agreement, the Pledge Agreement, the
                           Remarketing Agreement, the Declaration, the Trust
                           Preferred Securities, the Common Securities, the
                           Indenture, the Debentures, the Guarantee Agreements
                           and the Guarantees, and the consummation of the
                           transactions contemplated herein, therein and in the
                           Registration Statement (including the issuance and
                           sale of the Securities, the use of proceeds from the
                           sale of the Securities as described in the Prospectus
                           under the caption "Use of Proceeds" and the
                           concurrent issuance and sale of Common Stock and of
                           senior debt by the Company (the "Concurrent
                           Offerings")) and compliance by the Offerors with
                           their obligations hereunder and thereunder have been
                           authorized by all necessary action (corporate or
                           otherwise) and do not and will not, whether with or
                           without the giving of notice or passage of time or
                           both, conflict with or constitute a breach of any of
                           the terms or provisions of, or constitute a default
                           or Repayment Event (as defined below) under, or
                           result in the creation or imposition of any lien,
                           charge or encumbrance upon any property or assets of
                           the Company, any subsidiary or the Trust pursuant to,
                           the Agreements and Instruments (as defined in Section
                           1(a)(xxi) of the Purchase Agreement) (except for such
                           conflicts, breaches or defaults or liens, charges or
                           encumbrances that would not result in a Material
                           Adverse Effect), nor will any such action result in
                           any violation of the provisions of the charter or
                           by-laws of the Company or any subsidiary or the
                           Declaration or Certificate of Trust or any applicable
                           law, statute, rule, regulation, judgment, order, writ
                           or decree known to me of any government, government
                           instrumentality or court, domestic or foreign, having
                           jurisdiction over the Company, any subsidiary or the
                           Trust or any of their respective assets, properties
                           or operations. As used herein, a "Repayment Event"
                           means any event or condition which gives the holder
                           of any note, debenture or other evidence of
                           indebtedness (or any person acting on such holder's
                           behalf) the right to require the repurchase,
                           redemption or repayment of all or a portion of such
                           indebtedness by the Company, any subsidiary or the
                           Trust.

                                       (xxiii) All conditions precedent provided
                           for in the Purchase Contract Agreement relating to
                           the authentication and delivery of the Security
                           Certificates have been complied with and the Company
                           is duly entitled to the authentication and delivery
                           of the Security Certificates in accordance with the
                           terms of the Purchase Contract Agreement; the
                           Security Certificates are in a form contemplated by
                           the Purchase Contract Agreement and comply with all
                           applicable statutory requirements and with the
                           requirements of the New York Stock Exchange.

                                       (xxiv) There is not pending any action,
                           suit, proceeding, inquiry or investigation, to which
                           the Company or any subsidiary is a


   27


                                                                           26



                           party, or to which the property or assets of the
                           Company or any subsidiary is subject, before or
                           brought by any court or governmental agency or body,
                           domestic or foreign, which might reasonably result in
                           a Material Adverse Effect or which might reasonably
                           be expected to materially and adversely affect the
                           properties or assets thereof or the consummation of
                           the transactions contemplated in this Agreement or
                           the concurrent Offerings or the performance by the
                           Company of its obligations thereunder; and to the
                           best of my knowledge, no such actions or proceedings
                           are threatened.

                                        (xxv) The information in the Prospectus
                           under the captions "Business - Regulation", "Business
                           - Properties", "Business - Legal Matters," "The
                           Trust," "Use of Proceeds", "Capitalization,"
                           "Description of the FELINE PRIDES," "Description of
                           the Purchase Contracts," "Certain Provisions of the
                           Purchase Contract Agreements and the Pledge
                           Agreement," "Description of the Trust Preferred
                           Securities," "Description of the Guarantee,"
                           "Description of the Debentures," "Effect of
                           Obligations under the Debentures and the Guarantee",
                           "Description of Common Stock," to the extent that it
                           constitutes matters of law, summaries of legal
                           matters, the Company's charter and bylaws or legal
                           proceedings, or legal conclusions, has been reviewed
                           by me and is correct in all material respects.

                                       (xxvi) All descriptions in the Prospectus
                           of contracts and other documents to which the Company
                           or its subsidiaries are a party are accurate in all
                           material respects; to the best of my knowledge, there
                           are no franchises, contracts, indentures, mortgages,
                           loan agreements, notes, leases or other instruments
                           required to be described or referred to in the
                           Registration Statement or to be filed as exhibits
                           thereto other than those described or referred to
                           therein or filed or incorporated by reference as
                           exhibits thereto, and the descriptions thereof or
                           references thereto are correct in all material
                           respects; and no default exists in the due
                           performance or observance of any material obligation,
                           agreement, covenant or condition contained in any
                           contract, indenture, mortgage, agreement, note, lease
                           or other instrument so described, referred to, filed
                           or incorporated by reference.

                                       (xxvii) No filing with, or authorization,
                           approval, consent, license, order, registration,
                           qualification or decree of, any court or governmental
                           authority or agency, domestic or foreign (other than
                           under the 1933 Act and the 1933 Act Regulations,
                           which have been obtained, or as any be required under
                           the securities or blue sky laws of the various
                           states, as to which we need express no opinion) is
                           necessary or required in connection with the due
                           authorization, execution and deliver of this
                           Agreement or for the offering, issuance, sale or
                           delivery of the Securities or the securities offered
                           in the Concurrent Offerings or the


   28


                                                                           27



                           performance by the Offerors of their respective
                           obligations in this Agreement, the Pricing Agreement,
                           the Remarketing Agreement, the Purchase Contract
                           Agreement, the Pledge Agreement, the Indenture, the
                           Debentures, the Trust Preferred Securities Guarantee
                           Agreement, the Trust Preferred Securities Guarantee,
                           the Declaration and the Securities.

                                       (xxviii) To the best of my knowledge,
                           there are no statues or regulations that are required
                           to be described in the Prospectus that are not
                           described as required.

                                       (xxix) The rights under the Company's
                           shareholder rights plan to which holders of the
                           Securities will be entitled have been duly authorized
                           and validly issued.

                                        (xxx) To the best of my knowledge,
                           neither the Company nor any subsidiary is in
                           violation of its charter or by-laws and no default by
                           the Company or any subsidiary exists in the due
                           performance or observance of any material obligation,
                           agreement, covenant or condition contained in any
                           contract, indenture, mortgage, loan agreement, note,
                           lease or other agreement or instrument that is
                           described or referred to in the Registration
                           Statement or the Prospectus or filed or incorporated
                           by reference as an exhibit to the Registration
                           Statement.

                  Moreover, such counsel shall confirm that nothing has come to
         such counsel's attention that would lead such counsel to believe that
         the Registration Statement or any amendment thereto, including the Rule
         430A Information and Rule 434 Information (if applicable), (except for
         financial statements and schedules and other financial data included or
         incorporated by reference therein or omitted therefrom, as to which
         such counsel need make no statement), at the time such Registration
         Statement or any such amendment became effective, contained an untrue
         statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact
         required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements
         therein not misleading or that the Prospectus or any amendment or
         supplement thereto (except for financial statements and schedules and
         other financial data included or incorporated by reference therein or
         omitted therefrom, as to which such counsel need make no statement), at
         the time the Prospectus was issued, at the time any such amended or
         supplemented prospectus was issued or at the Closing Time, included or
         includes an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted or omits to
         state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements
         therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made,
         not misleading.

                  In rendering such opinion, such counsel may rely, as to
matters of New York law, upon the opinion of Buchanan Ingersoll Professional
Corporation, special counsel to the Offerors, and as to matters of Delaware law,
upon the opinion of Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP, special Delaware
counsel to the Offerors, in which case the opinion shall state that such counsel
believes that you and such counsel are entitled to so rely.



   29


                                                                           28



                           (2) The favorable opinion, dated as of the Closing
                  Time, of Buchanan Ingersoll Professional Corporation, special
                  counsel to the Offerors, in form and substance satisfactory to
                  counsel for the Underwriters, together with signed or
                  reproduced copies of such letter for each of the Underwriters,
                  to the effect that:

                                          (i) The Registration Statement,
                           including any Rule 462(b) Registration Statement, has
                           been declared effective under the 1933 Act; any
                           required filing of the Prospectus pursuant to Rule
                           424(b) has been made in the manner and within the
                           time period required by Rule 424(b); and, to the best
                           of our knowledge no stop order suspending the
                           effectiveness of the Registration Statement or any
                           462(b) Registration Statement has been issued under
                           the 1933 Act, and no proceedings therefor initiated,
                           or threatened by the Commission.

                                         (ii) The Registration Statement and the
                           Prospectus and each amendment or supplement thereto
                           (in each case, other than the financial statements
                           and supporting schedules included therein or omitted
                           therefrom, as to which we need express no opinion) as
                           of their respective effective or issue dates, or when
                           amended, as appropriate, complied as to form in all
                           material respects with the requirements of the 1933
                           Act and the 1933 Act Regulations.

                                        (iii) The information in the Prospectus
                           under the captions "The Trust," "Description of the
                           FELINE PRIDES," "Description of the Purchase
                           Contracts," "Certain Provisions of the Purchase
                           Contract Agreements and the Pledge Agreement,"
                           "Description of the Trust Preferred Securities,"
                           "Description of the Guarantee," "Description of the
                           Debentures," "Effect of Obligations Under the
                           Debentures and the Guarantee," and "Description of
                           the Common Stock," and in the Registration Statement
                           under Item 15 to the extent that it constitutes
                           matters of law, summaries of legal matters, the
                           Company's charter and bylaws or legal proceedings, or
                           legal conclusions, has been reviewed by us and is
                           correct in all material respects; and the opinion of
                           such firm set forth under "Certain Federal Income Tax
                           Consequences" is confirmed.

                                         (iv) The Purchase Contract Agreement,
                           the Purchase Contracts underlying the Securities
                           being delivered at the Closing Time and at any Date
                           of Delivery, and the Pledge Agreement have been duly
                           authorized, executed and delivered by the Company and
                           each is a valid and legally binding agreement of the
                           Company enforceable against the Company in accordance
                           with its terms; provided, however, that based on a
                           review of applicable case law, upon the occurrence of
                           a Termination Event, Section 365(e)(2) of the
                           Bankruptcy Code (11 U.S.C. ss.ss. 101-1330, as
                           amended) should not substantively limit the
                           provisions of Sections 3.15 and 5.8 of the Purchase
                           Contract Agreement


   30


                                                                           29



                           and Section 4.3 of the Pledge Agreement that require
                           termination of the Purchase Contracts and release of
                           the Collateral Agent's security interest in the Trust
                           Preferred Securities or the Treasury Securities;
                           provided, however, that procedural restrictions
                           respecting relief from the automatic stay under
                           Section 362 of the Code may affect the timing of the
                           exercise of such rights and remedies.

                                          (v) When the Securities are issued in
                           accordance with the terms of the Purchase Contract
                           Agreement and delivered against payment therefor, the
                           Securities will entitle the holders thereof to the
                           rights specified in the Purchase Contract Agreement.

                                         (vi) For purposes of the opinions
                           expressed therein, such counsel has assumed that (1)
                           the Pledge Agreement has been authorized, executed
                           and delivered by the Purchase Contract Agent on
                           behalf of each of the holders of the Securities from
                           time to time, (2) the Purchase Contract Agent is
                           incorporated and validly existing under the laws of
                           the state of its incorporation, (3) the Purchase
                           Contract Agent and each of the holders of the
                           Securities has full power, authority and legal right
                           (including, without limitation, any legal right
                           dependent upon there being no necessary governmental
                           approvals or filings and no conflict with laws,
                           governing documents or contracts) to make and perform
                           its obligations under the Pledge Agreement, (4) the
                           Pledge Agreement is the legal, valid, binding and
                           enforceable obligation of the Purchase Contract Agent
                           on behalf of each of the holders of the Securities
                           from time to time, and (5) the Purchase Contract
                           Agent and each holder of Securities has sufficient
                           rights in the Preferred Securities or the Treasury
                           Securities, as the case may be, for the security
                           interest of the Collateral Agent for the benefit of
                           the Company to attach.

                  For purposes of such counsel's opinion: (i) "UCC" means the
         Uniform Commercial Code as in effect on the date thereof in the State
         of New York; (ii) "Federal Book-Entry Regulations" means the United
         States Department of Treasury regulations governing the transfer and
         pledge of marketable Treasury Securities maintained in the form of
         entries in the records of the Federal Reserve Banks and set forth in 61
         Fed. Reg. 43,626 (1996) (to be codified at 31 C.F.R. Part 357), (iii)
         "Securities Intermediary" means acting solely in its capacity as a
         "securities intermediary" as defined in the UCC and the Federal
         Book-Entry Regulations; and (iv) "Collateral Account" means account
         number maintained by the Securities Intermediary in the name as
         Purchase Contract Agent on behalf of the holders of certain securities
         of Kennametal Financing I, Collateral Account, subject to the security
         interest of The Chase Manhattan Bank, as Collateral Agent for the
         benefit of Kennametal, Inc. as pledgee pursuant to the Pledge
         Agreement, dated as of January   , 1998, among the Securities
         Intermediary, the Purchase Contract Agent and the Company (the "Pledge
         Agreement") and (v) acting as defined in Section 8-313(4) of the UCC.


   31


                                                                           30




                  The provisions of the Pledge Agreement are effective to
         create, in favor of the Collateral Agent for the benefit of the
         Company, a valid security interest under the UCC in all "securities
         entitlements" (as defined in Section 8-102(a)(17) of the UCC and the
         Federal Book-Entry Regulations) now or hereafter credited to the
         Collateral Account relating to Preferred Securities or Treasury
         Securities (such securities entitlements, the "Pledged Securities
         Entitlements"). The provisions of the Pledge Agreement are effective
         under the UCC and the Federal Book-Entry Regulations to perfect the
         security interest of the Collateral Agent for the benefit of the
         Company in the Pledged Security Entitlements.

                                        (vii) Assuming due authorization,
                           execution and delivery thereof by the Guarantee
                           Trustee, the Trust Preferred Securities Guarantee
                           Agreement is a legal, valid and binding agreement of
                           the Company, enforceable against the Company in
                           accordance with its terms, subject to the Bankruptcy
                           Exceptions.

                                       (viii) Assuming due authorization,
                           execution, and delivery thereof by the Debt Trustee,
                           the Indenture is a legal, valid and binding
                           obligation of the Company, enforceable against the
                           Company in accordance with its terms, subject to the
                           Bankruptcy Exceptions; and the Indenture, Declaration
                           and Trust Preferred Securities Agreement have
                           been duly qualified under the 1939 Act.

                                         (ix) Assuming due authorization,
                           execution and delivery thereof by the Purchase
                           Contract Agent, and the Remarketing Agent, the
                           Remarketing Agreement is a legal, valid and binding
                           agreement of the Company, enforceable against the
                           Company in accordance with its terms, subject to the
                           Bankruptcy Exceptions.

                                          (x) The Securities, the Shares, the
                           Common Securities, the Debentures, each of the
                           Guarantees, the Declaration and each of the Guarantee
                           Agreements conform in all material respects to the
                           description thereof contained in the Prospectus.

                                         (xi) No filing with, or authorization,
                           approval, consent, order, registration or
                           qualification of or with any court or governmental
                           authority or agency domestic or foreign is required
                           for the entry into the Purchase Contracts underlying
                           the Securities, the issuance and sale of the
                           Securities by the Offerors to the Underwriters, or
                           the issuance and sale of the Shares by the Company
                           pursuant to such Purchase Contracts, or the
                           performance by the Company and the Trust of their
                           respective obligations under this Agreement, the
                           Pricing Agreement, the Purchase Contracts, the
                           Purchase Contract Agreement, the Pledge Agreement,
                           the Remarketing Agreement, the Indenture, the
                           Debentures, the Trust Preferred Securities Guarantee
                           Agreement, the Trust Preferred Securities Guarantee,
                           the Declaration and the Securities or the securities
                           offered in


   32


                                                                           31



                           the Concurrent Offerings, except such as has been
                           obtained and made under the federal securities laws
                           or such as may be required under state or foreign
                           securities or Blue Sky laws.

                                        (xii) The issuance and sale of the
                           Securities do not contravene the Commodity Exchange
                           Act or the regulations of the Commodity Futures
                           Trading Commission.

                                       (xiii) None of the Trust nor the Company
                           or any of its subsidiaries is, and upon the issuance
                           and sale of the Securities as herein contemplated and
                           the application of the net proceeds therefrom as
                           described in the Prospectus will not be, an
                           "investment company" or an entity "controlled" by an
                           "investment company" as such terms are defined in the
                           Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the "1940
                           Act").

                  Moreover, such counsel shall confirm that nothing has come to
                  such counsel's attention that would lead such counsel to
                  believe that the Registration Statement or any amendment
                  thereto, including the Rule 430A Information and Rule 434
                  Information (if applicable), (except for financial statements
                  and schedules and other financial data included or
                  incorporated by reference therein or omitted therefrom, as to
                  which such counsel need make no statement), at the time such
                  Registration Statement or any such amendment became effective,
                  contained an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to
                  state a material fact required to be stated therein or
                  necessary to make the statements therein not misleading or
                  that the Prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto
                  (except for financial statements and schedules and other
                  financial data included or incorporated by reference therein
                  or omitted therefrom, as to which such counsel need make no
                  statement), at the time the Prospectus was issued, at the time
                  any such amended or supplemented prospectus was issued or at
                  the Closing Time, included or includes an untrue statement of
                  a material fact or omitted or omits to state a material fact
                  necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the
                  light of the circumstances under which they were made, not
                  misleading.

                           (3) The favorable opinion, dated as of the Closing
                  Time, of _________________, special German counsel to the
                  Offerors, in form and substance satisfactory to counsel for
                  the Underwriters, together with signed or reproduced copies of
                  such letter for each of the Underwriters to the effect:

                                          (i) Kennametal Hertel AG has been duly
                           incorporated and is validly existing as a corporation
                           in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction
                           of its incorporation, has the corporate power and
                           authority to own, lease and operate its properties
                           and to conduct its business as described in the
                           Prospectus and is duly qualified as a foreign
                           corporation to transact business and is in good
                           standing in each


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                                                                           32



                           jurisdiction in which such qualification is required,
                           whether by reason of the ownership or leasing of
                           property or the conduct of business, except where the
                           failure to so qualify or to be in good standing would
                           not result in a Material Adverse Effect; all of the
                           issued and outstanding capital stock of Kennametal
                           Hertel AG has been duly authorized and validly
                           issued, is fully paid and non-assessable and, to the
                           best of our knowledge, owned the Company directly or
                           through subsidiaries, free and clear of any security
                           interest, mortgage, pledge, lien, encumbrance, claim
                           or equity; and

                                       (ii) Other than as set forth in the
                           Prospectus, there are no legal or governmental
                           proceedings pending to which Kennametal Hertel AG or
                           any of its subsidiaries is a party or to which any
                           property of Kennametal Hertel AG or any of its
                           subsidiaries is the subject which reasonably would be
                           expected individually or in the aggregate to have a
                           Material Adverse Effect; and, to the best of such
                           counsel's knowledge, no such proceedings are
                           threatened or contemplated by governmental
                           authorities or threatened by others;

                           (4) The favorable opinion, dated as of the Closing
                  Time, of Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP, special
                  Delaware counsel to the Offerors, in form and substance
                  satisfactory to counsel for the Underwriters to the effect
                  that:

                                    (i) The Trust has been created and is
                           validly existing in good standing as a business trust
                           under the Delaware Act, and has the business trust
                           power and authority to conduct its business as
                           described in the Prospectus.

                                    (ii) The Declaration constitutes a legal,
                           valid and binding obligation of the Company and is
                           enforceable against the Company in accordance with
                           its terms, except that to the extent enforceability
                           thereof may be limited by the (i) bankruptcy,
                           insolvency, moratorium, receivership, reorganization,
                           liquidation, fraudulent conveyance and other similar
                           laws relating to or affecting the rights and remedies
                           of creditors generally, (ii) principles of equity,
                           including applicable law relating to fiduciary duties
                           (regardless of whether considered and applied in a
                           proceeding in equity or at law), and (iii) the effect
                           of applicable public policy on the enforcement of
                           provisions related to indemnification.

                                    (iii) Under the Delaware Act and the
                           Declaration, the Trust has the power and authority to
                           (i) execute and deliver, and to perform its
                           obligations under, this Agreement, the Pricing
                           Agreement and Remarketing Agreement (ii) issue, and
                           perform its obligations under, the Trust Securities.


   34


                                                                           33




                                    (iv) Under the Delaware Act and the
                           Declaration, the execution and delivery by the Trust
                           of this Agreement, the Pricing Agreement and the
                           Remarketing Agreement, and the performance by the
                           Trust of its obligations hereunder and thereunder,
                           have been authorized by all necessary action on the
                           part of the Trust.

                                    (v) The Trust Preferred Securities have been
                           authorized by the Declaration and, when executed by
                           the Trust and authenticated by the Institutional
                           Trustee in accordance with the Declaration and
                           delivered against payment therefor in accordance with
                           the terms of this Agreement, will be validly issued
                           and, subject to qualifications hereinafter expressed,
                           fully paid and non-assessable undivided beneficial
                           interests in the assets of the Trust; the Holders of
                           the Trust Preferred Securities, as beneficial owners
                           of the Trust, will be entitled to the same limitation
                           of personal liability extended to stockholders of
                           private corporations for profit organized under the
                           General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware;
                           said counsel may note that the holders of the Trust
                           Preferred Securities may be obligated to make
                           payments as set forth in the Declaration.

                                    (vi) The Common Securities have been
                           authorized by the Declaration and, when issued,
                           executed and authenticated in accordance with the
                           terms of the Declaration, and delivered and paid for
                           as set forth in the Prospectus, will be validly
                           issued, undivided beneficial interests in the assets
                           of the Trust.

                                    (vii) Under the Delaware Act and the
                           Declaration, the issuance of the Trust Securities is
                           not subject to preemptive or other similar rights.

                                    (viii) None of the execution and delivery by
                           the Trust of, or the performance by the Trust of its
                           obligations under, this Agreement, the issuance and
                           sale of the Trust Preferred Securities by the Trust
                           in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, the
                           Remarketing Agreement and the Pricing Agreement, or
                           the consummation by the Trust of the other
                           transactions contemplated thereby, will contravene
                           any provisions of applicable Delaware law or Delaware
                           administrative regulations or the Certificate of
                           Trust or the Declaration.

                                    (ix) This Agreement, the Pricing Agreement
                           and the Remarketing Agreement have been authorized,
                           executed and delivered by the Trust.

                                    (x) No authorization, approval, consent,
                           order, registration or qualification of or with any
                           Delaware state governmental authority or Delaware
                           state agency is required for the entry into the
                           Purchase


   35


                                                                           34



                           Contracts underlying the Securities, the issuance and
                           sale by the Trust of the Securities to the
                           Underwriters, or the performance by the Company and
                           the Trust of their respective obligations under this
                           Agreement, the Pricing Agreement, the Remarketing
                           Agreement, the Purchase Contracts, the Purchase
                           Contract Agreement, the Pledge Agreement, the
                           Indenture, the Debentures, the Trust Preferred
                           Securities Guarantee Agreement, the Trust Preferred
                           Securities Guarantee, the Declaration and the Trust
                           Securities, except such as has been obtained and made
                           under the federal securities laws or such as may be
                           required under state securities or Blue Sky laws.

                           (5) The favorable opinion, dated as of the Closing
                  Time, of ________________, counsel to The First National Bank
                  of Chicago, as Institutional Trustee under the Declaration,
                  and Guarantee Trustee under the Trust Preferred Securities
                  Guarantee Agreement, in form and substance satisfactory to
                  counsel for the Underwriters, together with signed or
                  reproduced copies of such letter of each of the Underwriters,
                  to the effect that:

                                    (i)        , is a Delaware corporation with
                           corporate powers, duly organized, validly existing
                           and in good standing under the laws of the State of
                           Delaware with all necessary power and authority to
                           execute and deliver, and to carry out and perform its
                           obligations under the terms of the Declaration and
                           the Trust Preferred Securities Guarantee Agreement.

                                    (ii) The execution, delivery and performance
                           by the Institutional Trustee of the Declaration and
                           the execution, delivery and performance by the
                           Guarantee Trustee of the Trust Preferred Securities
                           Guarantee Agreement have been duly authorized by all
                           necessary corporate action on the part of the
                           Institutional Trustee and the Guarantee Trustee,
                           respectively. The Declaration and the Trust Preferred
                           Securities Guarantee Agreement have been duly
                           executed and delivered by the Institutional Trustee
                           and the Guarantee Trustee, respectively, and
                           constitute the legal, valid and binding obligations
                           of the Institutional Trustee and the Guarantee
                           Trustee, respectively, enforceable against the
                           Institutional Trustee and the Guarantee Trustee,
                           respectively, in accordance with their terms, subject
                           to the Bankruptcy Exceptions.

                                    (iii) The execution, delivery and
                           performance of the Declaration and the Trust
                           Preferred Securities Guarantee Agreement by the
                           Institutional Trustee and the Guarantee Trustee,
                           respectively, do not conflict with or constitute a
                           breach of the Articles of Organization or By-laws of
                           the Institutional Trustee and the Guarantee Trustee,
                           respectively.



   36


                                                                           35



                                    (iv) No consent, approval or authorization
                           of, or registration with or notice to, any Delaware
                           or federal banking authority is required for the
                           execution, delivery or performance by the
                           Institutional Trustee and the Guarantee Trustee of
                           the Declaration and the Trust Preferred Securities
                           Guarantee Agreement.

                           (6) The favorable opinion, dated as of the Closing
                  Time, of            , counsel to The First National Bank of 
                  Chicago, as Purchase Contract Agent, in form and substance
                  satisfactory to counsel for the Underwriters, together with
                  signed or reproduced copies of such letter for each of the
                  Underwriters, to the effect that:

                                    (i) The Purchase Contract Agent, is duly
                           incorporated and is validly existing as a banking
                           corporation with trust powers under the laws of the
                           United States with all necessary power and authority
                           to execute, deliver and perform its obligations under
                           the Purchase Contract Agreement and the Pledge
                           Agreement.

                                    (ii) The execution, delivery and performance
                           by the Purchase Contract Agent of the Purchase
                           Contract Agreement and the Pledge Agreement, and the
                           authentication and delivery of the Securities have
                           been duly authorized by all necessary corporate
                           action on the part of the Purchase Contract Agent.
                           The Purchase Contract Agreement and the Pledge
                           Agreement have been duly executed and delivered by
                           the Purchase Contract Agent, and constitute the
                           legal, valid and binding obligations of the Purchase
                           Contract Agent, enforceable against the Purchase
                           Contract Agent in accordance with its terms, subject
                           to the Bankruptcy Exceptions.

                                    (iii) the execution, delivery and
                           performance of the Purchase Contract Agreement and
                           the Pledge Agreement by the Purchase Contract Agent
                           does not conflict with or constitute a breach of the
                           charter or by-laws of the Purchase Contract Agent.

                                    (iv) No consent, approval or authorization
                           of, or registration with or notice to, any state or
                           federal governmental authority or agency is required
                           for the execution, delivery or performance by the
                           Purchase Contract Agent of the Purchase Contract
                           Agreement and the Pledge Agreement.

                           (7) The opinion of Buchanan Ingersoll Professional
                  Corporation, special tax counsel to the Offerors, generally to
                  the effect that based upon current law and the assumptions
                  stated or referred to therein, under current U.S. federal
                  income tax law: (i) the Trust will be classified as a grantor
                  trust and not as an association taxable as a corporation; (ii)
                  the Debentures will be classified as indebtedness of the
                  Company and (iii) the discussion in the Prospectus under


   37


                                                                            36



                  the caption "Certain Federal Income Tax Consequences" is a
                  fair and accurate summary of the matters addressed therein,
                  based upon current law and the assumptions stated or referred
                  to therein.

                           (8) The favorable opinion, dated as of the Closing
                  Time, of Simpson Thacher & Bartlett, counsel for the
                  Underwriters, in form and substance satisfactory to the
                  Underwriters, with respect to the issuance and sale of the
                  Securities, and other related matters as the Underwriters may
                  reasonably require, and the Company shall have furnished to
                  such counsel such documents as they request for the purpose of
                  enabling them to pass upon such matters.

                           (9) The favorable opinions, dated as of the Closing
                  Time, of (i) LeBoeuf, Lamb, Greene, & MacRae L.L.P., special
                  Connecticut counsel for the Company, (ii) LeBoeuf, Lamb,
                  Greene, & MacRae L.L.P., special Pennsylvania counsel for the
                  Company, (iii) Dickinson, Wright, Moon, Van Dusen & Freeman,
                  special Michigan counsel for the Company, and (iv) Shook,
                  Hardy & Bacon, special Kansas counsel for the Company, each in
                  form and substance satisfactory to the Underwriters, with
                  respect to the applicability of the "bucket shop" laws of such
                  states.

                  (c) At the Closing Time, there shall not have been, since the
         date hereof or since the respective date as of which information is
         given in the Prospectus, any material adverse change in the condition,
         financial or otherwise, or in the earnings, business affairs or
         business prospects of the Trust or the Company and its subsidiaries,
         considered as one enterprise, whether or not in the ordinary course of
         business, and the Representatives shall have received a certificate of
         the President or a Vice-President of the Company and of the Chief
         Financial Officer or Chief Accounting Officer of the Company and a
         certificate of a Regular Trustee of the Trust, dated as of the Closing
         Time, to the effect that (i) there has been no material adverse change,
         (ii) the representations and warranties in Section 1 hereof are true
         and correct as though expressly made at and as of the Closing Time,
         (iii) the Company and the Trust have complied with all agreements and
         satisfied all conditions on their part to be performed or satisfied at
         or prior to the Closing Time, and (iv) no stop order suspending the
         effectiveness of the Registration Statement has been issued and no
         proceedings for that purpose have been initiated or threatened by the
         Commission.

                  (d) At the time of the execution of this Agreement, the
         Representatives shall have received from Arthur Andersen, LLP a letter
         dated such date in form and substance satisfactory to the
         Representatives, together with signed or reproduced copies of such
         letter for each of the Underwriters as to such other matters as the
         Representatives may reasonably request.

                  (e) At the time of the execution of this Agreement, the
         Representatives shall have received from Price Waterhouse, LLP a letter
         dated such date in form and substance satisfactory to the
         Representatives, together with signed or reproduced


   38


                                                                           37



         copies of such letter for each of the Underwriters, as to such other
         matters as the Representatives may reasonably request.

                  (f) At the Closing Time, the Representatives shall have
         received from Arthur Andersen, LLP a letter, dated as of the Closing
         Time, to the effect that they reaffirm the statements made in the
         letter furnished pursuant to subsection (d) of this Section, except
         that the specified date referred to shall be a date not more than three
         days prior to the Closing Time.

                  (g) At the Closing Time, the Representatives shall have
         received from Price Waterhouse, LLP a letter, dated as of the Closing
         Time, to the effect that they reaffirm the statements made in the
         letter furnished pursuant to subsection (e) of this Section, except
         that the specified date referred to shall be a date not more than three
         days prior to the Closing Time.

                  (h) At the Closing Time, and at each Date of Delivery, if any,
         counsel for the Underwriters shall have been furnished with such
         documents and opinions as they may require for the purpose of enabling
         them to pass upon the issuance and sale of the Securities as herein
         contemplated and related proceedings, or in order to evidence the
         accuracy of any of the representations or warranties, or the
         fulfillment of any of the conditions herein contained; and all
         proceedings taken by the Offerors in connection with the issuance and
         sale of the Securities as herein contemplated shall be satisfactory in
         form and substance to the Representatives and counsel for the
         Representatives.

                  (i) At the Closing Time, (i) the Securities shall be rated in
         one of the four highest rating categories for preferred stock
         ("Investment Grade") by any nationally recognized statistical rating
         agency, and the Offerors shall have delivered to the Underwriters a
         letter, dated the Closing Time, from such nationally recognized
         statistical rating agency, or other evidence satisfactory to the
         Underwriters, confirming that the Securities have Investment Grade
         ratings; (ii) there shall not have occurred any decrease in the rating
         assigned to the Securities or any other securities of the Company or of
         the financial condition of the Company by any "nationally recognized
         statistical rating organization," as defined for purposes of Rule
         436(g)(2) under the 1933 Act Regulations, and (iii) no such
         organization shall have publicly announced that it has under
         surveillance or review its rating of the Securities or any other
         securities of the Company or of the financial condition of the Company.

                  (j) At the Closing Time, the Income PRIDES and the Shares
         shall have been approved for listing on the New York Stock Exchange
         upon notice of issuance.

                  (k) In the event that the Underwriters exercise their option
         provided in Section 2(b) hereof to purchase all or any portion of the
         Option Securities, the representations and warranties of the Offerors
         contained herein and the statements in any certificates furnished by
         the Offerors hereunder shall be true and correct as of, and as if made
         on, each Date of Delivery, and at the relevant Date of Deliveries:



   39


                                                                           38



                  (1)  the Representatives shall have received:

                           (i) A certificate, dated such Date of Delivery, of
                  the President or a Vice-President of the Company and the Chief
                  Financial Officer or Chief Accounting Officer of the Company
                  and a certificate of a Regular Trustee of the Trust confirming
                  that the certificate delivered at the Closing Time pursuant to
                  Section 5(c) hereof is true and correct as of, and as if made
                  on, such Date of Delivery.

                           (ii) The favorable opinion of David T. Cofer, Vice
                  President, Secretary, and General Counsel of the Company, in
                  form and substance satisfactory to counsel for the
                  Underwriters, dated such Date of Delivery, relating to the
                  Option Securities and otherwise to the same effect as the
                  opinion required by Section 5(b)(1) hereof.

                           (iii) The favorable opinion of Buchanan Ingersoll
                  Professional Corporation, special counsel and special tax
                  counsel for the Offerors, in form and substance satisfactory
                  to counsel for the Underwriters, dated such Date of Delivery,
                  relating to the Option Securities and otherwise to the same
                  effect as the opinions required by Sections 5(b)(2) and
                  5(b)(7) hereof.

                           (iv) The favorable opinion of _____________________,
                  special German counsel to the Offerors, in form and substance
                  satisfactory to counsel for the Underwriters, dated such Date
                  of Delivery to the same effect as the opinion required by
                  Section 5(b)(3).

                           (v) The favorable opinion of Skadden, Arps, Slate,
                  Meagher and Flom LLP, special Delaware counsel for the
                  Offerors, in form and substance satisfactory to counsel for
                  the Underwriters, dated such Date of Delivery, relating to the
                  Option Securities and otherwise to the same effect as the
                  opinion required by Section 5(b)(4) hereof.

                           (vi) The favorable opinion of               , counsel
                  to The First National Bank of Chicago, as Institutional
                  Trustee and as Guarantee Trustee, in form and substance
                  satisfactory to counsel for the Underwriters, dated such Date
                  of Delivery, relating to the Option Securities and otherwise
                  to the same effect as the opinion required by Section 5(b)(5)
                  hereof.

                           (vii) The favorable opinion of , counsel to The First
                  National Bank of Chicago, as Purchase Contract Agent, in form
                  and substance satisfactory to counsel for the Underwriters,
                  dated such Date of Delivery, relating to the Option Securities
                  and otherwise to the same effect as the opinion required by
                  Section 5(b)(6) hereof.

                           (viii) The favorable opinion of Simpson Thacher &
                  Bartlett, counsel for the Underwriters, dated such Date of
                  Delivery, relating to the Option Securities


   40


                                                                           39



                  and otherwise The First National Bank of Chicago an
                  Institutional Trustee and an Guarantee Trustee to the same
                  effect as the opinion required by Section 5(b)(8) hereof.

                           (ix) A letter from Arthur Andersen, LLP in form and
                  substance satisfactory to the Representatives and dated such
                  Date of Delivery, substantially the same in form and substance
                  as the letter furnished to the Representatives pursuant to
                  Section 5(f) hereof, except that the "specified date" in the
                  letter furnished pursuant to this Section shall be a date not
                  more than five days prior to such Date of Delivery.

                           (x) A letter from Price Waterhouse, LLP in form and
                  substance satisfactory to the Representatives and dated such
                  Date of Delivery, substantially the same in form and substance
                  as the letter furnished to the Representatives pursuant to
                  Section 5(g) hereof, except that the "specified date" in the
                  letter furnished pursuant to this Section shall be a date not
                  more than five days prior to such Date of Delivery.

                  (2) At each Date of Delivery, (i) the Securities shall be
         rated in one of the four highest rating categories for preferred stock
         ("Investment Grade") by any nationally recognized statistical rating
         agency, and the Offerors shall have delivered to the Underwriters a
         letter, dated such Date of Delivery, from such nationally recognized
         statistical rating agency, or other evidence satisfactory to the
         Underwriters, confirming that the Securities have Investment Grade
         ratings; (ii) there shall not have occurred any decrease in the rating
         assigned to the Securities or any other securities of the Company or of
         the financial condition of the Company by any "nationally recognized
         statistical rating organization," as defined for purposes of Rule
         436(g)(2) under the 1933 Act Regulations, and (iii) no such
         organization shall have publicly announced that it has under
         surveillance or review its rating of the Securities or any other
         securities of the Company or of the financial condition of the Company.

         If any condition specified in this Section 5 shall not have been
fulfilled when and as required to be fulfilled, this Agreement, or, in the case
of any condition to the purchase of Option Securities, on a Date of Delivery
which is after the Closing Time, the obligations of the Representatives to
purchase the relevant Option Securities, may be terminated by the
Representatives by notice to the Company at any time at or prior to the Closing
Time or such Date of Delivery, as the case may be, and such termination shall be
without liability of any party to any other party except as provided in Section
4 and except that Sections 1, 6, 7 and 8 shall survive any such termination and
remain in full force and effect.

                  SECTION 6. Indemnification.

                  (a) The Offerors agree to jointly and severally indemnify and
hold harmless each Underwriter and each person, if any, who controls any
Underwriter within the meaning of Section 15 of the 1933 Act or Section 20 of
the 1934 Act as follows:



   41


                                                                           40



                  (i) against any and all loss, liability, claim, damage and
         expense whatsoever, as incurred, arising out of any untrue statement or
         alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in the
         Registration Statement (or any amendment thereto), including the Rule
         430A Information and the Rule 434 Information deemed to be part
         thereof, if applicable, or the omission or alleged omission therefrom
         of a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make
         the statements therein not misleading or arising out of any untrue
         statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact included in
         any preliminary prospectus or the Prospectus (or any amendment or
         supplement thereto), or the omission or alleged omission therefrom of a
         material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the
         light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading;

                  (ii) against any and all loss, liability, claim, damage and
         expense whatsoever, as incurred, to the extent of the aggregate amount
         paid in settlement of any litigation, or any investigation or
         proceeding by any governmental agency or body, commenced or threatened,
         or of any claim whatsoever based upon any such untrue statement or
         omission, or any such alleged untrue statement or omission, provided,
         that (subject to Section 6(d) below) any such settlement is effected
         with the written consent of the Offerors; and

                  (iii) against any and all expense whatsoever, as incurred
         (including the fees and disbursements of counsel chosen by Merrill
         Lynch), reasonably incurred in investigating, preparing or defending
         against any litigation, or any investigation or proceeding by any
         governmental agency or body, commenced or threatened, or any claim
         whatsoever based upon any such untrue statement or omission, or any
         such alleged untrue statement or omission, to the extent that any such
         expense is not paid under (i) or (ii) above;

         provided, however, that the foregoing indemnity agreement shall not
         apply to any loss, liability, claim, damage or expense to the extent
         arising out of any untrue statement or omission or alleged untrue
         statement or omission made in reliance upon and in conformity with
         written information furnished to the Offerors by any Underwriter
         through Merrill Lynch expressly for use in the Registration Statement
         (or any amendment thereto), including the Rule 430A Information and the
         Rule 434 Information deemed to be a part thereof, if applicable, or any
         preliminary prospectus or the Prospectus (or any amendment or
         supplement thereto).

                  (b) Each Underwriter severally agrees to indemnify and hold
         harmless the Company, its directors, each of its officers who signed
         the Registration Statement, the Trust and each of its Trustees who
         signed the Registration Statement, and each person, if any, who
         controls the Company within the meaning of Section 15 of the 1933 Act
         or Section 20 of the 1934 Act against any and all loss, liability,
         claim, damage and expense described in the indemnity contained in
         subsection (a) of this Section, as incurred, but only with respect to
         untrue statements or omissions, or alleged untrue statements or
         omissions, made in the Registration Statement (or any amendment
         thereto), including the Rule 430A Information and the Rule 434
         Information deemed


   42


                                                                           41



         to be a part thereof, if applicable, or any preliminary prospectus or
         the Prospectus (or any amendment or supplement thereto) in reliance
         upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the
         Offerors by such Underwriter through Merrill Lynch expressly for use in
         the Registration Statement (or any amendment thereto) or such
         preliminary prospectus or the Prospectus (or any amendment or
         supplement thereto).

                  (c) Each indemnified party shall give notice as promptly as
         reasonably practicable to each indemnifying party of any action
         commenced against it in respect of which indemnity may be sought
         hereunder, but failure to so notify an indemnifying party shall not
         relieve such indemnifying party from any liability hereunder to the
         extent it is not materially prejudiced as a result thereof and in any
         event shall not relieve it from any liability which it may have
         otherwise than on account of this indemnity agreement. In the case of
         parties indemnified pursuant to Section 6(a) above, counsel to the
         indemnified parties shall be selected by Merrill Lynch and, in the case
         of parties indemnified pursuant to section 6(b) above, counsel to the
         indemnified parties shall be selected by the Company. An indemnifying
         party may participate at its own expense in the defense of any such
         action; provided, however, that counsel to the indemnifying party shall
         not (except with the consent of the indemnified party) also be counsel
         to the indemnified party. In no event shall the indemnifying parties be
         liable for fees and expenses of more than one counsel (in addition to
         any local counsel) separate from their own counsel for all indemnified
         parties in connection with any one action or separate but similar or
         related actions in the same jurisdiction arising out of the same
         general allegations or circumstances. No indemnifying party shall,
         without the prior written consent of the indemnified parties, settle or
         compromise or consent to the entry of any judgment with respect to any
         litigation, or any investigation or proceeding by any governmental
         agency or body, commenced or threatened, or any claim whatsoever in
         respect of which indemnification or contribution could be sought under
         this Section 6 or Section 7 hereof (whether or not the indemnified
         parties are actual or potential parties thereto), unless such
         settlement, compromise or consent (i) includes an unconditional release
         of each indemnified party from all liability arising out of such
         litigation investigation, proceeding or claim and (ii) does not include
         a statement as to or an admission of fault, culpability or a failure to
         act by or on behalf of any indemnified party.

                  (d) If at any time an indemnified party shall have requested
         an indemnifying party to reimburse the indemnified party for fees and
         expenses of counsel, such indemnifying party agrees that it shall be
         liable for any settlement of the nature contemplated by Section
         6(a)(ii) effected without its written consent if (i) such settlement is
         entered into more than 45 days after receipt by such indemnifying party
         of the aforesaid request, (ii) such indemnifying party shall have
         received notice of the terms of such settlement at least 30 days prior
         to such settlement being entered into and (iii) such indemnifying party
         shall not have reimbursed such indemnified party in accordance with
         such request prior to the date of such settlement.

                  SECTION 7. Contribution. If the indemnification provided for
in Section 6 hereof is for any reason unavailable to or insufficient to hold
harmless an indemnified party


   43


                                                                           42



in respect of any losses, liabilities, claims, damages or expenses referred to
therein, then each indemnifying party shall contribute to the aggregate amount
of such losses, liabilities, claims, damages and expenses incurred by such
indemnified party, as incurred, (i) in such proportion as is appropriate to
reflect the relative benefits received by the Offerors on the one hand, and the
Underwriters, on the other hand, from the offering of the Securities pursuant to
this Agreement or (ii) if the allocation provided by clause (i) is not permitted
by applicable law, in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect not only the
relative benefits referred to in clause (i) above but also the relative fault of
the Offerors on the one hand, and the Underwriters, on the other hand, in
connection with the statements or omissions which resulted in such losses,
liabilities, claims, damages or expenses, as well as any other relevant
equitable considerations.

                  The relative benefits received by Offerors on the one hand,
and the Underwriters, on the other hand, in connection with the offering of the
Securities pursuant to this Agreement shall be deemed to be in the same
respective proportions as the total net proceeds from the offering of such
Securities (before deducting expenses) received by the Offerors and the total
underwriting discount received by the Underwriters, in each case as set forth on
the cover of the Prospectus, or, if Rule 434 is used, the corresponding location
on the Term Sheet bear to the aggregate initial public offering price of such
Securities as set forth on such cover.

                  The relative fault of the Offerors, on the one hand, and the
Underwriters, on the other hand, shall be determined by reference to, among
other things, whether the untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact
or the omission or alleged omission to state a material fact relates to
information supplied by the Offerors or by the Underwriters and the parties'
relative intent, knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or
prevent such statement or omission.

                  The Offerors and the Underwriters agree that it would not be
just and equitable if contribution pursuant to this Section 7 were determined by
pro rata allocation (even if the Underwriters were treated as one entity for
such purpose) or by any other method of allocation which does not take account
of the equitable considerations referred to above in this Section 7. The
aggregate amount of losses, liabilities, claims, damages and expenses incurred
by an indemnified party and referred to above in this Section 7 shall be deemed
to include any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by such indemnified
party in investigating, preparing or defending against any litigation, or any
investigation or proceeding by any governmental agency or body, commenced or
threatened, or any claim whatsoever based upon any such untrue or alleged untrue
statement or omission or alleged omission.

                  Notwithstanding the provisions of this Section 7, no
Underwriter shall be required to contribute any amount in excess of the amount
by which the total price at which such Securities underwritten by it and
distributed to the public were offered to the public exceeds the amount of any
damages which such Underwriter has otherwise been required to pay by reason of
such untrue or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission.



   44


                                                                           43



                  No person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the
meaning of Section 11(f) of the 1933 Act) shall be entitled to contribution from
any person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation.

                  For purposes of this Section 7, each person, if any, who
controls an Underwriter within the meaning of Section 15 of the 1933 Act or
Section 20 of the 1934 Act shall have the same rights to contribution as such
Underwriter, and each director of the Company, each officer of the Company and
each Trustee of the Trust who signed the Registration Statement, and each
person, if any, who controls the Company and the Trust within the meaning of
Section 15 of the 1933 Act or Section 20 of the 1934 Act shall have the same
rights to contribution as the Offerors. The Underwriters' respective obligations
to contribute pursuant to this Section 7 are several in proportion to the number
of Initial Securities set forth opposite their respective names in Schedule A
hereto and not joint.

                  SECTION 8. Representations, Warranties and Agreements to
Survive Delivery. All representations, warranties and agreements contained in
this Agreement and the Pricing Agreement, or contained in certificates of
officers of the Company or trustees of the Trust submitted pursuant hereto,
shall remain operative and in full force and effect, regardless of any
investigation made by or on behalf of the Underwriters or controlling person, or
by or on behalf of the Company, and shall survive delivery of and payment for
the Securities to the Underwriters.

                  SECTION 9. Termination of Agreement.

                  (a) The Representatives may terminate this Agreement, by
notice to the Company at any time at or prior to the Closing Time, if (i) there
has been, since the date of this Agreement or since the respective dates as of
which information is given in the Prospectus, any material adverse change in the
condition, financial or otherwise, or in the earnings, business affairs or
business prospects of the Company and its subsidiaries considered as one
enterprise, whether or not arising in the ordinary course of business, or (ii)
there has occurred any material adverse change in the financial markets in the
United States or the international financial markets or any outbreak of
hostilities or escalation of hostilities or other calamity or crisis, or any
change or development involving a prospective change in national or
international political, financial or economic conditions, the effect of which
is such as to make it, in the judgment of the Representatives, impracticable to
market the Securities or to enforce contracts for the sale of the Securities, or
(iii) if trading in the Common Stock or any other security of the Company has
been suspended or materially limited by the Commission or the New York Stock
Exchange, or if trading generally on either the American Stock Exchange, the New
York Stock Exchange or in the Nasdaq National Market has been suspended or
limited, or minimum or maximum prices for trading have been fixed, or maximum
ranges for prices for securities have been required, by either of said exchanges
or by such system or by order of the Commission, the NASD or any other
governmental authority, or (iv) if a banking moratorium has been declared by
either Federal, New York or Pennsylvania authorities.



   45


                                                                           44



                  (b) If this Agreement and the Pricing Agreement are terminated
pursuant to this Section 9, such termination shall be without liability of any
party to any other party except as provided in Section 4, and provided, further,
that Sections 1, 6, 7 and 8 shall survive such termination and remain in full
force and effect.

                  SECTION 10. Default by One or More of the Underwriters. If one
or more of the Underwriters shall fail at Closing Time or a Date of Delivery to
purchase the Securities which it or they are obligated to purchase under this
Agreement (the "Defaulted Securities"), the Representatives shall have the
right, within 24 hours thereafter, to make arrangements for one or more of the
non-defaulting Underwriters, or any other underwriters, to purchase all, but not
less than all, of the Defaulted Securities in such amounts as may be agreed upon
and upon the terms herein set forth; if, however, the Representatives shall not
have completed such arrangements within such 24-hour period, then:

                  (a) if the number of Defaulted Securities does not exceed 10%
         of the number of Securities to be purchased on such date, each of the
         non-defaulting Underwriters shall be obligated, severally and not
         jointly, to purchase the full amount thereof in the proportions that
         their respective underwriting obligations hereunder bear to the
         underwriting obligations of all non-defaulting Underwriters, or

                  (b) if the number of Defaulted Securities exceeds 10% of the
         number of Securities to be purchased on such date, this Agreement or,
         with respect to any Date of Delivery which occurs after the Closing
         Time, the obligation of the Underwriters to purchase and of the Company
         to sell the Option Securities to be purchased and sold on such Date of
         Delivery shall terminate without liability on the part of any
         non-defaulting Underwriter.

         No action taken pursuant to this Section shall relieve any defaulting
Underwriter from liability in respect of its default.

         In the event of any such default which does not result in a termination
of this Agreement or, in the case of a Date of Delivery which is after the
Closing Time, which does not result in a termination of the obligation of the
Underwriters to purchase and the Company to sell the relevant Option Securities,
as the case may be, either the Representatives or the Company shall have the
right to postpone Closing Time or the relevant Date of Delivery, as the case may
be, for a period not exceeding seven days in order to effect any required
changes in the Registration Statement or Prospectus or in any other documents or
arrangements. As used herein, the term "Underwriter" includes any person
substituted for an Underwriter under this Section 10.

                  SECTION 11. Notices. All notices and other communications
hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have been duly given if
mailed or transmitted by any standard form of telecommunication. Notices to the
Representatives shall be directed to the Representatives c/o Merrill Lynch at
Merrill Lynch World Headquarters, World Financial Center, North Tower, New York,
New York 10281, Attention of John Bolebruch; notices to


   46


                                                                           45



the Company and the Trust shall be directed to it at Kennametal Inc., Route 981
South at Westmoreland County Airport, Latrobe, Pennsylvania 15650, Attention of
David T. Cofer.

                  SECTION 12. Parties. This Agreement and the Pricing Agreement
shall each inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the Offerors and the
Underwriters and their respective successors. Nothing expressed or mentioned in
this Agreement or the Pricing Agreement is intended or shall be construed to
give any person, firm or corporation, other than the Underwriters and the
Offerors and their respective successors and the controlling persons and
officers and directors referred to in Sections 6 and 7 and their heirs and legal
representatives, any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under or in
respect of this Agreement or the Pricing Agreement or any provision herein or
therein contained. This Agreement and the Pricing Agreement and all conditions
and provisions hereof and thereof are intended to be for the sole and exclusive
benefit of the parties hereto and thereto and their respective successors and
legal representatives, and said controlling persons and officers and directors
and their heirs and legal representatives, and for the benefit of no other
person, firm or corporation. No purchaser of Securities from the Underwriters
shall be deemed to be a successor by reason merely of such purchase.

                  SECTION 13. GOVERNING LAW AND TIME. THIS AGREEMENT AND THE
PRICING AGREEMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS
OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK. SPECIFIED TIMES OF DAY REFER TO NEW YORK CITY TIME
UNLESS OTHERWISE INDICATED.

                  SECTION 14. Effect of Headings. The Article and Section
headings herein are for convenience only and shall not affect the construction
hereof.


   47


                                                                           46



                  If the foregoing is in accordance with your understanding of
our agreement, please sign and return to the Company a counterpart hereof,
whereupon this instrument, along with all counterparts, shall become a binding
agreement among the Company, the Trust and the Underwriters in accordance with
its terms.

                                       Very truly yours,

                                       KENNAMETAL INC.


                                       By: ____________________________
                                           Name:
                                           Title:


                                       KENNAMETAL FINANCING I


                                       By: ____________________________
                                           Name:
                                           Title: Regular Trustee


                                       By: ____________________________
                                           Name:
                                           Title: Regular Trustee



CONFIRMED AND ACCEPTED, 
as of the date first above written:

MERRILL LYNCH & CO.
MERRILL LYNCH, PIERCE, FENNER & SMITH
  INCORPORATED
GOLDMAN, SACHS & CO.
By:  MERRILL LYNCH, PIERCE, FENNER & SMITH
         INCORPORATED


By: _____________________________
       Authorized Signatory:


   48










                                   SCHEDULE A



       Name of Underwriter                                        Number of
       -------------------                                         Initial   
                                                                 Securities 
                                                                 ---------- 

Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith
                Incorporated.............................
Goldman, Sachs & Co......................................







                                                                    ----------
Total....................................................
                                                                    ==========















   49



                                                                   SCHEDULE B


                                 KENNAMETAL INC.
                          (A PENNSYLVANIA CORPORATION)

                             KENNAMETAL FINANCING I
                           (A DELAWARE BUSINESS TRUST)

                                     , FELINE PRIDES*

                       (STATED AMOUNT OF $50 PER SECURITY)

                               EACH CONSISTING OF

                     A PURCHASE CONTRACT OF KENNAMETAL INC.
                   REQUIRING THE PURCHASE ON FEBRUARY 16, 2001
                       OF CERTAIN SHARES OF CAPITAL STOCK
                               OF KENNAMETAL INC.

                                       AND

                         A   % TRUST PREFERRED SECURITY
                            OF KENNAMETAL FINANCING I


                                PRICING AGREEMENT

                                                               January   , 1998


MERRILL LYNCH & CO.
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith
       Incorporated,
GOLDMAN, SACHS & CO.
c/o Merrill Lynch & Co.
Merrill Lynch World Headquarters
World Financial Center
North Tower
New York, New York 10281

Ladies and Gentlemen:

             Reference is made to the Purchase Agreement, dated January __, 1998
(the "Purchase Agreement"), relating to the purchase by the Underwriters named
therein of the

- --------

         * "FELINE PRIDES" IS A SERVICE MARK OF MERRILL LYNCH & CO., INC.


   50


                                                                            2



above FELINE PRIDES (the "Securities") of Kennametal Inc. (the "Company"), and
Kennametal Financing I (the "Trust").

             Pursuant to Section 2 of the Purchase Agreement, the Company and
the Trust agree with each of the Underwriters as follows:

             1. The initial public offering price per security for the
       Securities, determined as provided in said Section 2, shall be $50.00.

             2. The purchase price per security for the Securities to be paid by
       the Underwriters shall be $    , being an amount equal to the initial 
       public offering price set forth above less $     per security.


   51




                                                                   Schedule C


                              List of Subsidiaries


   1
                                                                  Exhibit 1.4




                                 KENNAMETAL INC.


                          (a Pennsylvania corporation)


                     $150,000,000 ___% Senior Notes due 2001
                     $150,000,000 ___% Senior Notes due 2008
                  $150,000,000 ___% Senior Debentures due 2028



                               PURCHASE AGREEMENT













Dated:  January __, 1998






   2



                                TABLE OF CONTENTS



PURCHASE AGREEMENT........................................................  1

SECTION I.  Representations and Warranties................................  3

     A.  Representations and Warranties by the Company....................  3
               1.      Compliance with Registration Requirements..........  3
               2.      Incorporated Documents.............................  4
               3.      Independent Accountants............................  4
               4.      Financial Statements...............................  4
               5.      No Material Adverse Change in Business.............  4
               6.      Good Standing of the Company.......................  5
               7.      Good Standing of Subsidiaries......................  5
               8.      Capitalization.....................................  5
               9.      Authorization of Agreement.........................  6
               10.     Authorization of the Indenture.....................  6
               11.     Authorization of the Securities....................  6
               12.     Description of the Securities and the Indenture....  6
               13.     Absence of Defaults and Conflicts..................  6
               14.     Absence of Labor Dispute...........................  7
               15.     Absence of Proceedings.............................  7
               16.     Accuracy of Exhibits...............................  7
               17.     Possession of Intellectual Property................  8
               18.     Absence of Further Requirements....................  8
               19.     Possession of Licenses and Permits.................  8
               20.     Title to Property..................................  8
               21.     Compliance with Cuba Act...........................  9
               22.     Investment Company Act.............................  9
               23.     Environmental Laws.................................  9

     B.  Officer's Certificates........................................... 10

SECTION II.  Sale and Delivery to Underwriters; Closing................... 10

     A.  Securities....................................................... 10
     B.  Payment  ........................................................ 11
     C.  Denominations; Registration...................................... 11

SECTION III.  Covenants of the Company.................................... 11

     A.  Compliance with Securities Regulations and Commission Requests... 11
     B.  Filing of Amendments............................................. 12
     C.  Delivery of Registration Statements.............................. 12
     D.  Delivery of Prospectuses......................................... 12


   3



     E.  Continued Compliance with Securities Laws........................ 12
     F.  Blue Sky Qualifications.......................................... 13
     G.  Rule 158 ........................................................ 13
     H.  Use of Proceeds.................................................. 13
     I.  Restriction on Sale of Securities................................ 13
     J.  Reporting Requirements........................................... 14

SECTION IV.  Payment of Expenses.......................................... 14

     A.  Expenses ........................................................ 14
     B.  Termination of Agreement......................................... 14

SECTION V.  Conditions of Underwriters' Obligations....................... 14

     A.  Effectiveness of Registration Statement.......................... 14
     B.  Opinion of Counsel for Company................................... 15
     C.  Opinion of Counsel for Underwriters.............................. 15
     D.  Opinion of German Counsel........................................ 15
     E.  Officers' Certificate............................................ 16
     F.  Accountant's Comfort Letter...................................... 16
     G.  Accountant's Comfort Letter...................................... 16
     H.  Bring-down Comfort Letter........................................ 16
     I.  Bring-down Comfort Letter........................................ 16
     J.  Maintenance of Rating............................................ 17
     K.  Additional Documents............................................. 17
     L.  Termination of Agreement......................................... 17

SECTION VI.  Indemnification.............................................. 17

     A.  Indemnification of Underwriters.................................. 17
     B.  Indemnification of Company, Directors and Officers............... 18
     C.  Actions against Parties; Notification............................ 18
     D.  Settlement without Consent if Failure to Reimburse............... 19

SECTION VII.  Contribution................................................ 19

SECTION VIII. Representations, Warranties and Agreements to 
     Survive Delivery..................................................... 20

SECTION IX.  Termination of Agreement..................................... 21

     A.  Termination; General............................................. 21
     B.  Liabilities...................................................... 21

SECTION X.  Default by One or More of the Underwriters.................... 21

SECTION XI.  Notices...................................................... 22



   4



SECTION XII.  Parties..................................................... 22

SECTION XIII.  GOVERNING LAW AND TIME..................................... 22

SECTION XIV.  Effect of Headings.......................................... 22




SCHEDULES

Schedule A      -       List of Underwriters...........................Sch A-1
Schedule B      -       Pricing Information............................Sch B-1
Schedule C      -       List of Subsidiaries...........................Sch C-1





   5



                                                     Draft of January 5, 1998


                                 KENNAMETAL INC.

                          (a Pennsylvania corporation)

                                  $450,000,000

                     $150,000,000 __% Senior Notes due 2001
                     $150,000,000 __% Senior Notes due 2008
                   $150,000,000 __% Senior Debentures due 2028


                               PURCHASE AGREEMENT

                                                             January __, 1998

MERRILL LYNCH & CO.
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith
  Incorporated
Goldman, Sachs & Co.
CIBC Oppenheimer Corp.
Deutsche Morgan Grenfell Inc.
  as Representatives of the several Underwriters
c/o  Merrill Lynch & Co.
         Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith
          Incorporated
North Tower
World Financial Center
New York, New York  10281-1209

Ladies and Gentlemen:

         Kennametal Inc., a Pennsylvania corporation (the "Company"), confirms
its agreement with Merrill Lynch & Co., Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith
Incorporated ("Merrill Lynch") and each of the other Underwriters named in
Schedule A hereto (collectively, the "Underwriters", which term shall also
include any underwriter substituted as hereinafter provided in Section 10
hereof), for whom Merrill Lynch, Goldman, Sachs & Co., CIBC Oppenheimer Corp.
and Deutsche Morgan Grenfell Inc., are acting as representatives (in such
capacity, the "Representatives"), with respect to the issue and sale by the
Company and the purchase by the Underwriters, acting severally and not jointly,
of the respective principal amounts set forth in said Schedule A of $450,000,000
aggregate principal amount of the Company's $150,000,000 __% Senior Notes due
2001, $150,000,000 __% Senior Notes due 2008, and $150,000,000 __% Senior
Debentures due 2028 (the "Securities"). The Securities are to be issued pursuant
to an indenture dated as of January __, 1998 (the "Indenture") between the
Company and The First National Bank of Chicago, as trustee (the "Trustee").



   6



         The Company understands that the Underwriters propose to make a public
offering of the Securities as soon as the Representatives deems advisable after
this Agreement has been executed and delivered and the Indenture has been
qualified under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended (the "1939 Act").

         The Company has filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the
"Commission") a registration statement on Form S-3 (No. 333-40809) covering the
registration of the Securities under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the
"1933 Act"), including the related preliminary prospectus or prospectuses.
Promptly after execution and delivery of this Agreement, the Company will either
(i) prepare and file a prospectus in accordance with the provisions of Rule 430A
("Rule 430A") of the rules and regulations of the Commission under the 1933 Act
(the "1933 Act Regulations") and paragraph (b) of Rule 424 ("Rule 424(b)") of
the 1933 Act Regulations or (ii) if the Company has elected to rely upon Rule
434 ("Rule 434") of the 1933 Act Regulations, prepare and file a term sheet (a
"Term Sheet") in accordance with the provisions of Rule 434 and Rule 424(b). The
information included in such prospectus or in such Term Sheet, as the case may
be, that was omitted from such registration statement at the time it became
effective but that is deemed to be part of such registration statement at the
time it became effective (a) pursuant to paragraph (b) of Rule 430A is referred
to as "Rule 430A Information" or (b) pursuant to paragraph (d) of Rule 434 is
referred to as "Rule 434 Information." Each prospectus used before such
registration statement became effective, and any prospectus that omitted, as
applicable, the Rule 430A Information or the Rule 434 Information, that was used
after such effectiveness and prior to the execution and delivery of this
Agreement, is herein called a "preliminary prospectus." Such registration
statement, including the exhibits thereto, schedules thereto, if any, and the
documents incorporated by reference therein pursuant to Item 12 of Form S-3
under the 1933 Act, at the time it became effective and including the Rule 430A
Information and the Rule 434 Information, as applicable, is herein called the
"Registration Statement." Any registration statement filed pursuant to Rule
462(b) of the 1933 Act Regulations is herein referred to as the "Rule 462(b)
Registration Statement," and after such filing the term "Registration Statement"
shall include the Rule 462(b) Registration Statement. The final prospectus,
including the documents incorporated by reference therein pursuant to Item 12 of
Form S-3 under the 1933 Act, in the form first furnished to the Underwriters for
use in connection with the offering of the Securities is herein called the
"Prospectus." If Rule 434 is relied on, the term "Prospectus" shall refer to the
preliminary prospectus dated January 2, 1998, together with the Term Sheet and
all references in this Agreement to the date of the Prospectus shall mean the
date of the Term Sheet. For purposes of this Agreement, all references to the
Registration Statement, any preliminary prospectus, the Prospectus or any Term
Sheet or any amendment or supplement to any of the foregoing shall be deemed to
include the copy filed with the Commission pursuant to its Electronic Data
Gathering, Analysis and Retrieval system ("EDGAR").

         All references in this Agreement to financial statements and schedules
and other information which is "contained," "included" or "stated" in the
Registration Statement, any preliminary prospectus or the Prospectus (or other
references of like import) shall be deemed to mean and include all such
financial statements and schedules and other information which is incorporated
by reference in the Registration Statement, any preliminary prospectus or the
Prospectus, as the case may be; and all references in this Agreement to
amendments or

                                        2

   7



supplements to the Registration Statement, any preliminary prospectus or the
Prospectus shall be deemed to mean and include the filing of any document under
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the "1934 Act") which is incorporated by
reference in the Registration Statement, such preliminary prospectus or the
Prospectus, as the case may be.

         SECTION I.  Representations and Warranties.

         A. Representations and Warranties by the Company. The Company
represents and warrants to each Underwriter as of the date hereof, as of the
Closing Time referred to in Section 2(b) hereof, and agrees with each
Underwriter, as follows:

                 1. Compliance with Registration Requirements. The Company meets
         the requirements for use of Form S-3 under the 1933 Act. Each of the
         Registration Statement and any Rule 462(b) Registration Statement has
         become effective under the 1933 Act and no stop order suspending the
         effectiveness of the Registration Statement or any Rule 462(b)
         Registration Statement has been issued under the 1933 Act and no
         proceedings for that purpose have been instituted or are pending or, to
         the knowledge of the Company, are contemplated by the Commission, and
         any request on the part of the Commission for additional information
         has been complied with.

                  At the respective times the Registration Statement, any Rule
         462(b) Registration Statement and any post-effective amendments thereto
         became effective and at the Closing Time, the Registration Statement,
         the Rule 462(b) Registration Statement and any amendments and
         supplements thereto complied and will comply in all material respects
         with the requirements of the 1933 Act and the 1933 Act Regulations and
         the 1939 Act and the rules and regulations of the Commission under the
         1939 Act (the "1939 Act Regulations"), and did not and will not contain
         an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact
         required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements
         therein not misleading. Neither the Prospectus nor any amendments or
         supplements thereto, at the time the Prospectus or any such amendment
         or supplement was issued and at the Closing Time, included or will
         include an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted or will omit
         to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements
         therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made,
         not misleading. If Rule 434 is used, the Company will comply with the
         requirements of Rule 434. The representations and warranties in this
         subsection shall not apply to statements in or omissions from the
         Registration Statement or Prospectus made in reliance upon and in
         conformity with information furnished to the Company in writing by any
         Underwriter through Merrill Lynch expressly for use in the Registration
         Statement or Prospectus.

                  Each preliminary prospectus and the prospectus filed as part
         of the Registration Statement as originally filed or as part of any
         amendment thereto, or filed pursuant to Rule 424 under the 1933 Act,
         complied when so filed in all material respects with the 1933 Act
         Regulations and each preliminary prospectus and the Prospectus
         delivered to the Underwriters for use in connection with this offering
         was identical to the electronically transmitted copies thereof filed
         with the Commission pursuant to EDGAR, except to the extent permitted
         by Regulation S-T.

                                        3

   8




                 2. Incorporated Documents. The documents incorporated or deemed
         to be incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement and the
         Prospectus, when they became effective or at the time they were or
         hereafter are filed with the Commission, complied and will comply in
         all material respects with the requirements of the 1933 Act and the
         1933 Act Regulations or the 1934 Act and the rules and regulations of
         the Commission thereunder (the "1934 Act Regulations"), as applicable,
         and, when read together with the other information in the Prospectus,
         at the time the Registration Statement became effective, at the time
         the Prospectus was issued and at the Closing Time, did not and will not
         contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a
         material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the
         statements therein not misleading.

                 3. Independent Accountants. Each of the accountants who
         certified the financial statements and supporting schedules included in
         the Registration Statement are independent public accountants as
         required by the 1933 Act and the 1933 Act Regulations.

                 4. Financial Statements. The financial statements included in
         the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, together with the
         related schedules and notes, present fairly the financial position of
         the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries at the dates indicated
         and the statement of operations, shareholders' equity and cash flows of
         the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries for the periods
         specified; the financial statements of Greenfield Industries, Inc.
         ("Greenfield") included in the Registration Statement and the
         Prospectus, together with the related schedules and notes, present
         fairly the financial position of Greenfield and its consolidated
         subsidiaries at the dates indicated and the statement of operations,
         stockholders' equity and cash flows of Greenfield and its consolidated
         subsidiaries for the periods specified; each of said financial
         statements have been prepared in conformity with generally accepted
         accounting principles ("GAAP") applied on a consistent basis throughout
         the periods involved. The supporting schedules, if any, included in the
         Registration Statement present fairly in accordance with GAAP the
         information required to be stated therein. The selected financial data
         and the summary financial information included in the Prospectus
         present fairly the information shown therein and have been compiled on
         a basis consistent with that of the audited financial statements
         included in the Registration Statement. The pro forma financial
         statements and the related notes thereto included in the Registration
         Statement and the Prospectus present fairly the information shown
         therein, have been prepared in accordance with the Commission's rules
         and guidelines with respect to pro forma financial statements and have
         been properly compiled on the bases described therein, and the
         assumptions used in the preparation thereof are reasonable and the
         adjustments used therein are appropriate to give effect to the
         transactions and circumstances referred to therein.

                 5. No Material Adverse Change in Business. Since the respective
         dates as of which information is given in the Registration Statement
         and the Prospectus, except as otherwise stated therein, (A) there has
         been no material adverse change in the condition, financial or
         otherwise, or in the earnings, business affairs or business prospects
         of the Company and its subsidiaries considered as one enterprise,
         whether or

                                        4

   9



         not arising in the ordinary course of business (a "Material Adverse
         Effect"), (B) there have been no transactions entered into by the
         Company or any of its subsidiaries, other than those in the ordinary
         course of business, which are material with respect to the Company and
         its subsidiaries considered as one enterprise, and (C) except for
         regular quarterly dividends on the common stock, par value 1.25 per
         share, of the Company (the "Common Stock") in amounts per share that
         are consistent with past practice, there has been no dividend or
         distribution of any kind declared, paid or made by the Company on any
         class of its capital stock.

                 6. Good Standing of the Company. The Company has been duly
         organized and is validly existing as a corporation in good standing
         under the laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and has corporate
         power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and to
         conduct its business as described in the Prospectus and to enter into
         and perform its obligations under this Agreement; and the Company is
         duly qualified as a foreign corporation to transact business and is in
         good standing in each other jurisdiction in which such qualification is
         required, whether by reason of the ownership or leasing of property or
         the conduct of business, except where the failure so to qualify or to
         be in good standing would not result in a Material Adverse Effect.

                 7. Good Standing of Subsidiaries. Each "significant subsidiary"
         of the Company (as such term is defined in Rule 1-02 of Regulation S-X)
         (each a "Subsidiary" and, collectively, the "Subsidiaries") has been
         duly organized and is validly existing as a corporation in good
         standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation, has
         corporate power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties
         and to conduct its business as described in the Prospectus and is duly
         qualified as a foreign corporation to transact business and is in good
         standing in each jurisdiction in which such qualification is required,
         whether by reason of the ownership or leasing of property or the
         conduct of business, except where the failure so to qualify or to be in
         good standing would not result in a Material Adverse Effect; all of the
         issued and outstanding capital stock of each such Subsidiary has been
         duly authorized and validly issued, is fully paid and non-assessable
         and is owned by the Company, directly or through subsidiaries, free and
         clear of any security interest, mortgage, pledge, lien, encumbrance,
         claim or equity; none of the outstanding shares of capital stock of any
         Subsidiary was issued in violation of the preemptive or similar rights
         of any securityholder of such Subsidiary. The only subsidiaries of the
         Company are the subsidiaries listed on Schedule C hereto.

                 8. Capitalization. The authorized, issued and outstanding
         capital stock of the Company is as set forth in the Prospectus in the
         column entitled "Actual" under the caption "Capitalization" (except for
         subsequent issuances, if any, pursuant to this Agreement, pursuant to
         reservations, agreements or employee benefit plans referred to in the
         Prospectus or pursuant to the exercise of convertible securities or
         options referred to in the Prospectus). The shares of issued and
         outstanding capital stock of the Company have been duly authorized and
         validly issued and are fully paid and non-assessable; none of the
         outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company was

                                        5

   10



         issued in violation of the preemptive or other similar rights of any
         securityholder of the Company.

                 9. Authorization of Agreement. This Agreement has been duly
         authorized, executed and delivered by the Company.

                10. Authorization of the Indenture. The Indenture has been duly
         authorized by the Company and duly qualified under the 1939 Act and,
         when duly executed and delivered by the Company and the Trustee, will
         constitute a valid and binding agreement of the Company, enforceable
         against the Company in accordance with its terms, except as the
         enforcement thereof may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency
         (including, without limitation, all laws relating to fraudulent
         transfers), reorganization, moratorium or similar laws affecting
         enforcement of creditors' rights generally and except as enforcement
         thereof is subject to general principles of equity (regardless of
         whether enforcement is considered in a proceeding in equity or at law).

                11. Authorization of the Securities. The Securities have been
         duly authorized and, at the Closing Time, will have been duly executed
         by the Company and, when authenticated, issued and delivered in the
         manner provided for in the Indenture and delivered against payment of
         the purchase price therefor as provided in this Agreement, will
         constitute valid and binding obligations of the Company, enforceable
         against the Company in accordance with their terms, except as the
         enforcement thereof may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency
         (including, without limitation, all laws relating to fraudulent
         transfers), reorganization, moratorium or similar laws affecting
         enforcement of creditors' rights generally and except as enforcement
         thereof is subject to general principles of equity (regardless of
         whether enforcement is considered in a proceeding in equity or at law),
         and will be in the form contemplated by, and entitled to the benefits
         of, the Indenture.

                12. Description of the Securities and the Indenture. The
         Securities and the Indenture will conform in all material respects to
         the respective statements relating thereto contained in the Prospectus
         and will be in substantially the respective forms filed or incorporated
         by reference, as the case may be, as exhibits to the Registration
         Statement.

                13. Absence of Defaults and Conflicts. Neither the Company nor
         any of its subsidiaries is in violation of its charter or by-laws or in
         default in the performance or observance of any obligation, agreement,
         covenant or condition contained in any contract, indenture, mortgage,
         deed of trust, loan or credit agreement, note, lease or other agreement
         or instrument to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is a
         party or by which it or any of them may be bound, or to which any of
         the property or assets of the Company or any subsidiary is subject
         (collectively, "Agreements and Instruments") except for such defaults
         that would not result in a Material Adverse Effect; and the execution,
         delivery and performance of this Agreement, the Indenture and the
         Securities and the consummation of the transactions contemplated herein
         and in the Registration Statement (including the issuance and sale of
         the Securities and the use of the proceeds from the sale of the
         Securities as described in the Prospectus

                                        6

   11



         under the caption "Use of Proceeds" and the concurrent issuance and
         sale by the Company of 4,500,000 FELINE PRIDESSM and 4,300,000 shares
         of Common Stock of the Company (the "Concurrent Offerings")) and
         compliance by the Company with its obligations hereunder and under the
         Indenture and the Securities have been duly authorized by all necessary
         corporate action and do not and will not, whether with or without the
         giving of notice or passage of time or both, conflict with or
         constitute a breach of, or default or Repayment Event (as defined
         below) under, or result in the creation or imposition of any lien,
         charge or encumbrance upon any property or assets of the Company or any
         subsidiary pursuant to, the Agreements and Instruments (except for such
         conflicts, breaches or defaults or liens, charges or encumbrances that
         would not result in a Material Adverse Effect), nor will such action
         result in any violation of the provisions of the charter or by-laws of
         the Company or any subsidiary or any applicable law, statute, rule,
         regulation, judgment, order, writ or decree of any government,
         government instrumentality or court, domestic or foreign, having
         jurisdiction over the Company or any subsidiary or any of their assets,
         properties or operations. As used herein, a "Repayment Event" means any
         event or condition which gives the holder of any note, debenture or
         other evidence of indebtedness (or any person acting on such holder's
         behalf) the right to require the repurchase, redemption or repayment of
         all or a portion of such indebtedness by the Company or any subsidiary.

                14. Absence of Labor Dispute. No labor dispute with the
         employees of the Company or any subsidiary exists or, to the knowledge
         of the Company, is imminent, and the Company is not aware of any
         existing or imminent labor disturbance by the employees of any of its
         or any subsidiary's principal suppliers, manufacturers, customers or
         contractors, which, in either case, may reasonably be expected to
         result in a Material Adverse Effect.

                15. Absence of Proceedings. There is no action, suit,
         proceeding, inquiry or investigation before or brought by any court or
         governmental agency or body, domestic or foreign, now pending, or, to
         the knowledge of the Company, threatened, against or affecting the
         Company or any subsidiary, which is required to be disclosed in the
         Registration Statement (other than as disclosed therein), or which
         might reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, or
         which might reasonably be expected to materially and adversely affect
         the properties or assets thereof or the consummation of the
         transactions contemplated in this Agreement or the Concurrent Offerings
         or the performance by the Company of its obligations hereunder; the
         aggregate of all pending legal or governmental proceedings to which the
         Company or any subsidiary is a party or of which any of their
         respective property or assets is the subject which are not described in
         the Registration Statement, including ordinary routine litigation
         incidental to the business, could not reasonably be expected to result
         in a Material Adverse Effect.

                16. Accuracy of Exhibits. There are no contracts or documents
         which are required to be described in the Registration Statement, the
         Prospectus or the documents incorporated by reference therein or to be
         filed as exhibits thereto which have not been so described and filed as
         required.

                                        7

   12




                17. Possession of Intellectual Property. The Company and its
         subsidiaries own or possess, or can acquire on reasonable terms,
         adequate patents, patent rights, licenses, inventions, copyrights,
         know-how (including trade secrets and other unpatented and/or
         unpatentable proprietary or confidential information, systems or
         procedures), trademarks, service marks, trade names or other
         intellectual property (collectively, "Intellectual Property") necessary
         to carry on the business now operated by them, and neither the Company
         nor any of its subsidiaries has received any notice or is otherwise
         aware of any infringement of or conflict with asserted rights of others
         with respect to any Intellectual Property or of any facts or
         circumstances which would render any Intellectual Property invalid or
         inadequate to protect the interest of the Company or any of its
         subsidiaries therein, and which infringement or conflict (if the
         subject of any unfavorable decision, ruling or finding) or invalidity
         or inadequacy, singly or in the aggregate, would result in a Material
         Adverse Effect.

                18. Absence of Further Requirements. No filing with, or
         authorization, approval, consent, license, order, registration,
         qualification or decree of, any court or governmental authority or
         agency is necessary or required for the performance by the Company of
         its obligations hereunder, in connection with the offering, issuance or
         sale of the Securities hereunder or the consummation of the
         transactions contemplated by this Agreement or in the Concurrent
         Offerings or for the due execution, delivery or performance of the
         Indenture by the Company, except such as have been already obtained or
         as may be required under the 1933 Act or the 1933 Act Regulations or
         state securities laws and except for the qualification of the Indenture
         under the 1939 Act.

                19. Possession of Licenses and Permits. The Company and its
         subsidiaries possess such permits, licenses, approvals, consents and
         other authorizations (collectively, "Governmental Licenses") issued by
         the appropriate federal, state, local or foreign regulatory agencies or
         bodies necessary to conduct the business now operated by them; the
         Company and its subsidiaries are in compliance with the terms and
         conditions of all such Governmental Licenses, except where the failure
         so to comply would not, singly or in the aggregate, have a Material
         Adverse Effect; all of the Governmental Licenses are valid and in full
         force and effect, except when the invalidity of such Governmental
         Licenses or the failure of such Governmental Licenses to be in full
         force and effect would not have a Material Adverse Effect; and neither
         the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has received any notice of
         proceedings relating to the revocation or modification of any such
         Governmental Licenses which, singly or in the aggregate, if the subject
         of an unfavorable decision, ruling or finding, would result in a
         Material Adverse Effect.

                20. Title to Property. The Company and its subsidiaries have
         good and marketable title to all real property owned by the Company and
         its subsidiaries and good title to all other properties owned by them,
         in each case, free and clear of all mortgages, pledges, liens, security
         interests, claims, restrictions or encumbrances of any kind except such
         as (a) are described in the Prospectus or (b) do not, singly or in the
         aggregate, materially affect the value of such property and do not
         interfere with the use made and proposed to be made of such property by
         the Company or any of its

                                        8

   13



         subsidiaries; and all of the leases and subleases material to the
         business of the Company and its subsidiaries, considered as one
         enterprise, and under which the Company or any of its subsidiaries
         holds properties described in the Prospectus, are in full force and
         effect, and neither the Company nor any subsidiary has any notice of
         any material claim of any sort that has been asserted by anyone adverse
         to the rights of the Company or any subsidiary under any of the leases
         or subleases mentioned above, or affecting or questioning the rights of
         the Company or such subsidiary to the continued possession of the
         leased or subleased premises under any such lease or sublease.

                21. Compliance with Cuba Act. The Company has complied with, and
         is and will be in compliance with, the provisions of that certain
         Florida act relating to disclosure of doing business with Cuba,
         codified as Section 517.075 of the Florida statutes, and the rules and
         regulations thereunder (collectively, the "Cuba Act") or is exempt
         therefrom.

                22. Investment Company Act. The Company is not, and upon the
         issuance and sale of the Securities as herein contemplated and the
         application of the net proceeds therefrom as described in the
         Prospectus will not be, an "investment company" or an entity
         "controlled" by an "investment company" as such terms are defined in
         the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the "1940 Act").

                23. Environmental Laws. Except as described in the Registration
         Statement and except as would not, singly or in the aggregate, result
         in a Material Adverse Effect, (A) neither the Company nor any of its
         subsidiaries is in violation of any federal, state, local or foreign
         statute, law, rule, regulation, ordinance, code, policy or rule of
         common law or any judicial or administrative interpretation thereof,
         including any judicial or administrative order, consent, decree or
         judgment, relating to pollution or protection of human health, the
         environment (including, without limitation, ambient air, surface water,
         groundwater, land surface or subsurface strata) or wildlife, including,
         without limitation, laws and regulations relating to the release or
         threatened release of chemicals, pollutants, contaminants, wastes,
         toxic substances, hazardous substances, petroleum or petroleum products
         (collectively, "Hazardous Materials") or to the manufacture,
         processing, distribution, use, treatment, storage, disposal, transport
         or handling of Hazardous Materials (collectively, "Environmental
         Laws"), (B) the Company and its subsidiaries have all permits,
         authorizations and approvals required under any applicable
         Environmental Laws and are each in compliance with their requirements,
         (C) there are no pending or threatened administrative, regulatory or
         judicial actions, suits, demands, demand letters, claims, liens,
         notices of noncompliance or violation, investigation or proceedings
         relating to any Environmental Law against the Company or any of its
         subsidiaries and (D) there are no events or circumstances that might
         reasonably be expected to form the basis of an order for clean-up or
         remediation, or an action, suit or proceeding by any private party or
         governmental body or agency, against or affecting the Company or any of
         its subsidiaries relating to Hazardous Materials or any Environmental
         Laws.


                                        9

   14



                24. Registration Rights. There are no persons with registration
         rights or other similar rights to have any securities registered
         pursuant to the Registration Statement or otherwise registered by the
         Company under the 1933 Act.

                25. Related Party Transactions. No relationship, direct or
         indirect, exists between or among the Company on the one hand, and the
         directors, officers, shareholders, customers or suppliers of the
         Company on the other hand, which is required to be described in the
         Prospectus which is not so described.

                26. Employee Matters. The Company and any entity which would be
         treated as a single employer under Section 414(b), (c), (m) or (o) of
         the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, including the
         regulations and published interpretations thereunder (the "Code") (each
         such entity, an "ERISA Affiliate"), is in compliance in all material
         respects with all presently applicable provisions of the Employee
         Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended, including the
         regulations and published interpretations thereunder ("ERISA"), and, if
         applicable, the Code; no "reportable event" (as defined in ERISA) has
         occurred with respect to any "pension plan" (as defined in ERISA) for
         which the Company or any ERISA Affiliate would have any liability;
         neither the Company nor any ERISA Affiliate has incurred or expects to
         incur liability under (i) Title IV of ERISA with respect to termination
         of, or withdrawal from, any such "pension plan" or (ii) Sections 412 or
         4971 of the Code; and each "pension plan" for which the Company or any
         ERISA Affiliate would have any liability that is intended to be
         qualified under Section 401(a) of the Code is so qualified in all
         material respects and nothing has occurred, whether by action or by
         failure to act, which would cause the loss of such qualification.

                27. Taxes. The Company has filed all federal, state, local and
         foreign income and franchise tax returns required to be filed through
         the date hereof and has paid all taxes due thereon, and no tax
         deficiency has been determined adversely to the Company or any of its
         subsidiaries which has had (nor does the Company have any knowledge of
         any tax deficiency which, if determined adversely to the Company or any
         of its subsidiaries, might have) a Material Adverse Effect or a
         material adverse effect on the condition, financial or otherwise, or on
         the earnings, business affairs or business prospects of the Company and
         its subsidiaries considered as one enterprise.

         B. Officer's Certificates. Any certificate signed by any officer of the
Company or any of its subsidiaries delivered to the Representatives or to
counsel for the Underwriters shall be deemed a representation and warranty by
the Company to each Underwriter as to the matters covered thereby.

         SECTION II. Sale and Delivery to Underwriters; Closing.

         A. Securities. On the basis of the representations and warranties
herein contained and subject to the terms and conditions herein set forth, the
Company agrees to sell to each Underwriter, severally and not jointly, and each
Underwriter, severally and not jointly, agrees to purchase from the Company, at
the price set forth in Schedule B, the aggregate principal amount of Securities
set forth in Schedule A opposite the name of such Underwriter, plus any

                                       10

   15



additional principal amount of Securities which such Underwriter may become
obligated to purchase pursuant to the provisions of Section 10 hereof.

         B. Payment. Payment of the purchase price for, and delivery of
certificates for, the Securities shall be made at the offices of Simpson Thacher
& Bartlett, 425 Lexington Avenue, New York, New York 10017, or at such other
place as shall be agreed upon by the Representatives and the Company, at 9:00
A.M. (Eastern time) business day after the date hereof (unless postponed in
accordance with the provisions of Section 10), or such other time not later than
ten business days after such date as shall be agreed upon by the Representatives
and the Company (such time and date of payment and delivery being herein called
"Closing Time").

         Payment shall be made to the Company by wire transfer of immediately
available funds to a bank account designated by the Company, against delivery to
the Representatives for the respective accounts of the Underwriters of
certificates for the Securities to be purchased by them. It is understood that
each Underwriter has authorized the Representatives, for its account, to accept
delivery of, receipt for, and make payment of the purchase price for, the
Securities which it has agreed to purchase. Merrill Lynch, individually and not
as representative of the Underwriters, may (but shall not be obligated to) make
payment of the purchase price for the Securities to be purchased by any
Underwriter whose funds have not been received by the Closing Time, but such
payment shall not relieve such Underwriter from its obligations hereunder.

         C. Denominations; Registration. Certificates for the Securities shall
be in such denominations ($1,000 or integral multiples thereof) and registered
in such names as the Representatives may request in writing at least one full
business day before the Closing Time. The Securities, which may be in temporary
form, will be made available for examination and packaging by the
Representatives in The City of New York not later than 10:00 A.M.
(Eastern time) on the business day prior to the Closing Time.

         SECTION III. Covenants of the Company. The Company covenants with each
Underwriter as follows:

                  A. Compliance with Securities Regulations and Commission
         Requests. The Company, subject to Section 3(b), will comply with the
         requirements of Rule 430A or Rule 434, as applicable, and will notify
         the Representatives immediately, and confirm the notice in writing, (i)
         when any post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement shall
         become effective, or any supplement to the Prospectus or any amended
         Prospectus shall have been filed, (ii) of the receipt of any comments
         from the Commission, (iii) of any request by the Commission for any
         amendment to the Registration Statement or any amendment or supplement
         to the Prospectus or for additional information, and (iv) of the
         issuance by the Commission of any stop order suspending the
         effectiveness of the Registration Statement or of any order preventing
         or suspending the use of any preliminary prospectus, or of the
         suspension of the qualification of the Securities for offering or sale
         in any jurisdiction, or of the initiation or threatening of any
         proceedings for any of such purposes. The Company will promptly effect
         the filings necessary pursuant to Rule 424(b) and will take such

                                       11

   16



         steps as it deems necessary to ascertain promptly whether the form of
         prospectus transmitted for filing under Rule 424(b) was received for
         filing by the Commission and, in the event that it was not, it will
         promptly file such prospectus. The Company will make every reasonable
         effort to prevent the issuance of any stop order and, if any stop order
         is issued, to obtain the lifting thereof at the earliest possible
         moment.

                  B. Filing of Amendments. The Company will give the
         Representatives notice of its intention to file or prepare any
         amendment to the Registration Statement (including any filing under
         Rule 462(b)), any Term Sheet or any amendment, supplement or revision
         to either the prospectus included in the Registration Statement at the
         time it became effective or to the Prospectus, whether pursuant to the
         1933 Act, the 1934 Act or otherwise, will furnish the Representatives
         with copies of any such documents a reasonable amount of time prior to
         such proposed filing or use, as the case may be, and will not file or
         use any such document to which the Representatives or counsel for the
         Underwriters shall object.

                  C. Delivery of Registration Statements. The Company has
         furnished or will deliver to the Representatives and counsel for the
         Underwriters, without charge, signed copies of the Registration
         Statement as originally filed and of each amendment thereto (including
         exhibits filed therewith or incorporated by reference therein and
         documents incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference
         therein) and signed copies of all consents and certificates of experts,
         and will also deliver to the Representatives, without charge, a
         conformed copy of the Registration Statement as originally filed and of
         each amendment thereto (without exhibits) for each of the Underwriters.
         The copies of the Registration Statement and each amendment thereto
         furnished to the Underwriters will be identical to the electronically
         transmitted copies thereof filed with the Commission pursuant to EDGAR,
         except to the extent permitted by Regulation S-T.

                  D. Delivery of Prospectuses. The Company has delivered to each
         Underwriter, without charge, as many copies of each preliminary
         prospectus as such Underwriter reasonably requested, and the Company
         hereby consents to the use of such copies for purposes permitted by the
         1933 Act. The Company will furnish to each Underwriter, without charge,
         during the period when the Prospectus is required to be delivered under
         the 1933 Act or the 1934 Act, such number of copies of the Prospectus
         (as amended or supplemented) as such Underwriter may reasonably
         request. The Prospectus and any amendments or supplements thereto
         furnished to the Underwriters will be identical to the electronically
         transmitted copies thereof filed with the Commission pursuant to EDGAR,
         except to the extent permitted by Regulation S-T.

                  E. Continued Compliance with Securities Laws. The Company will
         comply with the 1933 Act and the 1933 Act Regulations, the 1934 Act and
         the 1934 Act Regulations and the 1939 Act and the 1939 Act Regulations
         so as to permit the completion of the distribution of the Securities as
         contemplated in this Agreement and in the Prospectus. If at any time
         when a prospectus is required by the 1933 Act to be delivered in
         connection with sales of the Securities, any event shall occur or
         condition

                                       12

   17



         shall exist as a result of which it is necessary, in the opinion of
         counsel for the Underwriters or for the Company, to amend the
         Registration Statement or amend or supplement the Prospectus in order
         that the Prospectus will not include any untrue statements of a
         material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to
         make the statements therein not misleading in the light of the
         circumstances existing at the time it is delivered to a purchaser, or
         if it shall be necessary, in the opinion of such counsel, at any such
         time to amend the Registration Statement or amend or supplement the
         Prospectus in order to comply with the requirements of the 1933 Act or
         the 1933 Act Regulations, the Company will promptly prepare and file
         with the Commission, subject to Section 3(b), such amendment or
         supplement as may be necessary to correct such statement or omission or
         to make the Registration Statement or the Prospectus comply with such
         requirements, and the Company will furnish to the Underwriters such
         number of copies of such amendment or supplement as the Underwriters
         may reasonably request.

                  F. Blue Sky Qualifications. The Company will use its best
         efforts, in cooperation with the Underwriters, to qualify the
         Securities for offering and sale under the applicable securities laws
         of such states and other jurisdictions as the Representatives may
         designate and to maintain such qualifications in effect for a period of
         not less than one year from the later of the effective date of the
         Registration Statement and any Rule 462(b) Registration Statement;
         provided, however, that the Company shall not be obligated to file any
         general consent to service of process or to qualify as a foreign
         corporation or as a dealer in securities in any jurisdiction in which
         it is not so qualified or to subject itself to taxation in respect of
         doing business in any jurisdiction in which it is not otherwise so
         subject. In each jurisdiction in which the Securities have been so
         qualified, the Company will file such statements and reports as may be
         required by the laws of such jurisdiction to continue such
         qualification in effect for a period of not less than one year from the
         effective date of the Registration Statement and any Rule 462(b)
         Registration Statement. The Company will also supply the Underwriters
         with such information as is necessary for the determination of the
         legality of the Securities for investment under the laws of such
         jurisdictions as the Underwriters may request.

                  G. Rule 158. The Company will timely file such reports
         pursuant to the 1934 Act as are necessary in order to make generally
         available to its securityholders as soon as practicable an earnings
         statement for the purposes of, and to provide the benefits contemplated
         by, the last paragraph of Section 11(a) of the 1933 Act.

                  H. Use of Proceeds. The Company will use the net proceeds
         received by it from the sale of the Securities in the manner specified
         in the Prospectus under "Use of Proceeds".

                  I. Restriction on Sale of Securities. During a period of 90
         days from the date of the Prospectus, the Company will not, without the
         prior written consent of Merrill Lynch, directly or indirectly, issue,
         sell, offer or contract to sell, grant any option for the sale of, or
         otherwise transfer or dispose of, any debt securities of the Company.


                                       13

   18



                  J. Reporting Requirements. The Company, during the period when
         the Prospectus is required to be delivered under the 1933 Act or the
         1934 Act, will file all documents required to be filed with the
         Commission pursuant to the 1934 Act within the time periods required by
         the 1934 Act and the 1934 Act Regulations.

         SECTION IV. Payment of Expenses. A. Expenses. The Company will pay all
expenses incident to the performance of its obligations under this Agreement,
including (i) the preparation, printing and filing of the Registration Statement
(including financial statements and exhibits) as originally filed and of each
amendment thereto, (ii) the preparation, printing and delivery to the
Underwriters of this Agreement, any Agreement among Underwriters, the Indenture
and such other documents as may be required in connection with the offering,
purchase, sale, issuance or delivery of the Securities, (iii) the preparation,
issuance and delivery of the certificates for the Securities to the
Underwriters, (iv) the fees and disbursements of the Company's counsel,
accountants and other advisors, (v) the qualification of the Securities under
securities laws in accordance with the provisions of Section 3(f) hereof,
including filing fees and the reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel for
the Underwriters in connection therewith and in connection with the preparation
of the Blue Sky Survey and any supplement thereto, (vi) the printing and
delivery to the Underwriters of copies of each preliminary prospectus, any Term
Sheets and of the Prospectus and any amendments or supplements thereto, (vii)
the preparation, printing and delivery to the Underwriters of copies of the Blue
Sky Survey and any supplement thereto, (viii) the fees and expenses of the
Trustee, including the fees and disbursements of counsel for the Trustee in
connection with the Indenture and the Securities and (ix) any fees payable in
connection with the rating of the Securities.

         B. Termination of Agreement. If this Agreement is terminated by the
Representatives in accordance with the provisions of Section 5 or Section
9(a)(i) hereof, the Company shall reimburse the Underwriters for all of their
out-of-pocket expenses, including the reasonable fees and disbursements of
counsel for the Underwriters.

         SECTION V. Conditions of Underwriters' Obligations. The obligations of
the several Underwriters hereunder are subject to the accuracy of the
representations and warranties of the Company contained in Section 1 hereof or
in certificates of any officer of the Company or any subsidiary of the Company
delivered pursuant to the provisions hereof, to the performance by the Company
of its covenants and other obligations hereunder, and to the following further
conditions:

                  A. Effectiveness of Registration Statement. The Registration
         Statement, including any Rule 462(b) Registration Statement, has become
         effective and at Closing Time no stop order suspending the
         effectiveness of the Registration Statement shall have been issued
         under the 1933 Act or proceedings therefor initiated or threatened by
         the Commission, and any request on the part of the Commission for
         additional information shall have been complied with to the reasonable
         satisfaction of counsel to the Underwriters. A prospectus containing
         the Rule 430A Information shall have been filed with the Commission in
         accordance with Rule 424(b) (or a post-effective amendment providing
         such information shall have been filed and declared effective in
         accordance with the requirements of Rule 430A) or, if the Company has
         elected to

                                       14

   19



         rely upon Rule 434, a Term Sheet shall have been filed with the
         Commission in accordance with Rule 424(b).

                  B. Opinion of Counsel for Company. At Closing Time, the
         Representatives shall have received the favorable opinion, dated as of
         Closing Time, of David T. Cofer, Vice President, Secretary and General
         Counsel to the Company and of Buchanan Ingersoll Professional
         Corporation, special counsel for the Company, in form and substance
         satisfactory to counsel for the Underwriters, together with signed or
         reproduced copies of such letter for each of the other Underwriters to
         the effect set forth in Exhibit A hereto and to such further effect as
         counsel to the Underwriters may reasonably request.

                  C. Opinion of Counsel for Underwriters. At Closing Time, the
         Representatives shall have received the favorable opinion, dated as of
         Closing Time, of Simpson Thacher & Bartlett, counsel for the
         Underwriters, together with signed or reproduced copies of such letter
         for each of the other Underwriters with respect to the matters set
         forth in clauses (i), (ii), (vi) through (xii), inclusive, and the
         penultimate paragraph of Exhibit A hereto. In giving such opinion such
         counsel may rely, as to all matters governed by the laws of
         jurisdictions other than the law of the State of New York and the
         federal law of the United States, upon the opinions of counsel
         satisfactory to the Representatives. Such counsel may also state that,
         insofar as such opinion involves factual matters, they have relied, to
         the extent they deem proper, upon certificates of officers of the
         Company and its subsidiaries and certificates of public officials.

                  D. Opinion of German Counsel. At Closing Time, the
         Representatives shall have received the favorable opinion, dated as of
         the Closing Time, of _________________, German counsel to the Company,
         in form and substance satisfactory to counsel for the Underwriters to
         the effect that:

                           (i) Kennametal Hertel AG has been incorporated and is
                  validly existing as a corporation in good standing under
                  German laws, has the corporate power and authority to own,
                  lease and operate its properties and to conduct its business
                  as presently conducted and as described in the Prospectus, and
                  is qualified as a foreign corporation to transact business and
                  is in good standing in each jurisdiction in which such
                  qualification is required, whether by reason of the ownership
                  or leasing of property or the conduct of business, except
                  where the failure to so qualify or be in good standing would
                  not have a Material Adverse Effect; all of the issued and
                  outstanding capital stock of Kennametal Hertel AG has been
                  authorized and validly issued, is fully paid and
                  non-assessable and all such shares are owned by the Company,
                  directly or through its subsidiaries, free and clear of any
                  security interest, mortgage, pledge, lien, encumbrance, claim
                  or equity; and

                           (ii) Other than as set forth in the Prospectus, there
                  are no legal or governmental proceedings pending to which
                  Kennametal Hertel AG or any of its subsidiaries is a party or
                  to which any property of Kennametal Hertel AG or

                                       15

   20



                  any of its subsidiaries is the subject which reasonably would
                  be expected individually or in the aggregate to have a
                  Material Adverse Effect; and, to the best of such counsel's
                  knowledge, no such proceedings are threatened or contemplated
                  by governmental authorities or threatened by others.

                  E. Officers' Certificate. At Closing Time, there shall not
         have been, since the date hereof or since the respective dates as of
         which information is given in the Prospectus, any material adverse
         change in the condition, financial or otherwise, or in the earnings,
         business affairs or business prospects of the Company and its
         subsidiaries considered as one enterprise, whether or not arising in
         the ordinary course of business, and the Representatives shall have
         received a certificate of the President or a Vice President of the
         Company and of the chief financial or chief accounting officer of the
         Company, dated as of Closing Time, to the effect that (i) there has
         been no such material adverse change, (ii) the representations and
         warranties in Section 1(a) hereof are true and correct with the same
         force and effect as though expressly made at and as of Closing Time,
         (iii) the Company has complied with all agreements and satisfied all
         conditions on its part to be performed or satisfied at or prior to
         Closing Time, and (iv) no stop order suspending the effectiveness of
         the Registration Statement has been issued and no proceedings for that
         purpose have been instituted or are pending or are contemplated by the
         Commission.

                  F. Accountant's Comfort Letter. At the time of the execution
         of this Agreement, the Representatives shall have received from Arthur
         Andersen LLP a letter dated such date, in form and substance
         satisfactory to the Representatives, together with signed or reproduced
         copies of such letter for each of the other Underwriters containing
         statements and information of the type ordinarily included in
         accountants' "comfort letters" to underwriters with respect to the
         financial statements, pro forma financial statements and certain
         financial information of the Company contained in the Registration
         Statement and the Prospectus.

                  G. Accountant's Comfort Letter. At the time of the execution
         of this Agreement, the Representatives shall have received from Price
         Waterhouse LLP a letter dated such date, in form and substance
         satisfactory to the Representatives, together with signed or reproduced
         copies of such letter for each of the other Underwriters containing
         statements and information of the type ordinarily included in
         accountants' "comfort letters" to underwriters with respect to the
         financial statements and certain financial information of Greenfield
         contained in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus.

                  H. Bring-down Comfort Letter. At Closing Time, the
         Representatives shall have received from Price Waterhouse LLP a letter,
         dated as of Closing Time, to the effect that they reaffirm the
         statements made in the letter furnished pursuant to subsection (F) of
         this Section, except that the specified date referred to shall be a
         date not more than three business days prior to Closing Time.

                  I. Bring-down Comfort Letter. At Closing Time, the
         Representatives shall have received from Price Waterhouse LLP a letter,
         dated as of Closing Time, to the

                                       16

   21



         effect that they reaffirm the statements made in the letter furnished
         pursuant to subsection (G) of this Section, except that the specified
         date referred to shall be a date not more than three business days
         prior to Closing Time.

                  J. Maintenance of Rating. At Closing Time, the Securities
         shall be rated at least Baa3 by Moody's Investor's Service Inc. and
         BBB+ by Standard & Poor's Ratings Group, a division of McGraw-Hill,
         Inc., and the Company shall have delivered to the Representatives a
         letter dated the Closing Time, from each such rating agency, or other
         evidence satisfactory to the Representatives, confirming that the
         Securities have such ratings; and since the date of this Agreement,
         there shall not have occurred a downgrading in the rating assigned to
         the Securities or any of the Company's other debt securities by any
         "nationally recognized statistical rating agency", as that term is
         defined by the Commission for purposes of Rule 436(g)(2) under the 1933
         Act, and no such organization shall have publicly announced that it has
         under surveillance or review its rating of the Securities or any of the
         Company's other debt securities.

                  K. Additional Documents. At Closing Time, counsel for the
         Underwriters shall have been furnished with such documents and opinions
         as they may require for the purpose of enabling them to pass upon the
         issuance and sale of the Securities as herein contemplated, or in order
         to evidence the accuracy of any of the representations or warranties,
         or the fulfillment of any of the conditions, herein contained; and all
         proceedings taken by the Company in connection with the issuance and
         sale of the Securities as herein contemplated shall be satisfactory in
         form and substance to the Representatives and counsel for the
         Underwriters.

                  L. Termination of Agreement. If any condition specified in
         this Section shall not have been fulfilled when and as required to be
         fulfilled, this Agreement may be terminated by the Representatives by
         notice to the Company at any time at or prior to Closing Time, and such
         termination shall be without liability of any party to any other party
         except as provided in Section 4 and except that Sections 1, 6, 7 and 8
         shall survive any such termination and remain in full force and effect.

         SECTION VI.  Indemnification.

         A. Indemnification of Underwriters. The Company agrees to indemnify and
hold harmless each Underwriter and each person, if any, who controls any
Underwriter within the meaning of Section 15 of the 1933 Act or Section 20 of
the 1934 Act as follows:

                 1. against any and all loss, liability, claim, damage and
         expense whatsoever, as incurred, arising out of any untrue statement or
         alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in the
         Registration Statement (or any amendment thereto), including the Rule
         430A Information and the Rule 434 Information, if applicable, or the
         omission or alleged omission therefrom of a material fact required to
         be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not
         misleading or arising out of any untrue statement or alleged untrue
         statement of a material fact contained in any preliminary prospectus or
         the Prospectus (or any amendment or supplement thereto), or the
         omission or alleged

                                       17

   22



         omission therefrom of a material fact necessary in order to make the
         statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they
         were made, not misleading;

                 2. against any and all loss, liability, claim, damage and
         expense whatsoever, as incurred, to the extent of the aggregate amount
         paid in settlement of any litigation, or any investigation or
         proceeding by any governmental agency or body, commenced or threatened,
         or of any claim whatsoever based upon any such untrue statement or
         omission, or any such alleged untrue statement or omission; provided
         that (subject to Section 6(d) below) any such settlement is effected
         with the written consent of the Company; and

                 3. against any and all expense whatsoever, as incurred
         (including the fees and disbursements of counsel chosen by Merrill
         Lynch), reasonably incurred in investigating, preparing or defending
         against any litigation, or any investigation or proceeding by any
         governmental agency or body, commenced or threatened, or any claim
         whatsoever based upon any such untrue statement or omission, or any
         such alleged untrue statement or omission, to the extent that any such
         expense is not paid under (i) or (ii) above;

provided, however, that this indemnity agreement shall not apply to any loss,
liability, claim, damage or expense to the extent arising out of any untrue
statement or omission or alleged untrue statement or omission made in reliance
upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Company by any
Underwriter through Merrill Lynch expressly for use in the Registration
Statement (or any amendment thereto), including the Rule 430A Information and
the Rule 434 Information, if applicable, or any preliminary prospectus or the
Prospectus (or any amendment or supplement thereto).

         B. Indemnification of Company, Directors and Officers. Each Underwriter
severally agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Company, its directors, each
of its officers who signed the Registration Statement, and each person, if any,
who controls the Company within the meaning of Section 15 of the 1933 Act or
Section 20 of the 1934 Act against any and all loss, liability, claim, damage
and expense described in the indemnity contained in subsection (a) of this
Section, as incurred, but only with respect to untrue statements or omissions,
or alleged untrue statements or omissions, made in the Registration Statement
(or any amendment thereto), including the Rule 430A Information and the Rule 434
Information, if applicable, or any preliminary prospectus or the Prospectus (or
any amendment or supplement thereto) in reliance upon and in conformity with
written information furnished to the Company by such Underwriter through Merrill
Lynch expressly for use in the Registration Statement (or any amendment thereto)
or such preliminary prospectus or the Prospectus (or any amendment or supplement
thereto).

         C. Actions against Parties; Notification. Each indemnified party shall
give notice as promptly as reasonably practicable to each indemnifying party of
any action commenced against it in respect of which indemnity may be sought
hereunder, but failure to so notify an indemnifying party shall not relieve such
indemnifying party from any liability hereunder to the extent it is not
materially prejudiced as a result thereof and in any event shall not relieve it
from any liability which it may have otherwise than on account of this indemnity

                                       18

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agreement. In the case of parties indemnified pursuant to Section 6(a) above,
counsel to the indemnified parties shall be selected by Merrill Lynch, and, in
the case of parties indemnified pursuant to Section 6(b) above, counsel to the
indemnified parties shall be selected by the Company. An indemnifying party may
participate at its own expense in the defense of any such action; provided,
however, that counsel to the indemnifying party shall not (except with the
consent of the indemnified party) also be counsel to the indemnified party. In
no event shall the indemnifying parties be liable for fees and expenses of more
than one counsel (in addition to any local counsel) separate from their own
counsel for all indemnified parties in connection with any one action or
separate but similar or related actions in the same jurisdiction arising out of
the same general allegations or circumstances. No indemnifying party shall,
without the prior written consent of the indemnified parties, settle or
compromise or consent to the entry of any judgment with respect to any
litigation, or any investigation or proceeding by any governmental agency or
body, commenced or threatened, or any claim whatsoever in respect of which
indemnification or contribution could be sought under this Section 6 or Section
7 hereof (whether or not the indemnified parties are actual or potential parties
thereto), unless such settlement, compromise or consent (i) includes an
unconditional release of each indemnified party from all liability arising out
of such litigation, investigation, proceeding or claim and (ii) does not include
a statement as to or an admission of fault, culpability or a failure to act by
or on behalf of any indemnified party.

         D. Settlement without Consent if Failure to Reimburse. If at any time
an indemnified party shall have requested an indemnifying party to reimburse the
indemnified party for fees and expenses of counsel, such indemnifying party
agrees that it shall be liable for any settlement of the nature contemplated by
Section 6(a)(ii) effected without its written consent if (i) such settlement is
entered into more than 45 days after receipt by such indemnifying party of the
aforesaid request, (ii) such indemnifying party shall have received notice of
the terms of such settlement at least 30 days prior to such settlement being
entered into and (iii) such indemnifying party shall not have reimbursed such
indemnified party in accordance with such request prior to the date of such
settlement.

         SECTION VII. Contribution. If the indemnification provided for in
Section 6 hereof is for any reason unavailable to or insufficient to hold
harmless an indemnified party in respect of any losses, liabilities, claims,
damages or expenses referred to therein, then each indemnifying party shall
contribute to the aggregate amount of such losses, liabilities, claims, damages
and expenses incurred by such indemnified party, as incurred, (i) in such
proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative benefits received by the
Company on the one hand and the Underwriters on the other hand from the offering
of the Securities pursuant to this Agreement or (ii) if the allocation provided
by clause (i) is not permitted by applicable law, in such proportion as is
appropriate to reflect not only the relative benefits referred to in clause (i)
above but also the relative fault of the Company on the one hand and of the
Underwriters on the other hand in connection with the statements or omissions
which resulted in such losses, liabilities, claims, damages or expenses, as well
as any other relevant equitable considerations.

         The relative benefits received by the Company on the one hand and the
Underwriters on the other hand in connection with the offering of the Securities
pursuant to this Agreement shall be deemed to be in the same respective
proportions as the total net proceeds from the

                                       19

   24



offering of the Securities pursuant to this Agreement (before deducting
expenses) received by the Company and the total underwriting discount received
by the Underwriters, in each case as set forth on the cover of the Prospectus,
or, if Rule 434 is used, the corresponding location on the Term Sheet, bear to
the aggregate initial public offering price of the Securities as set forth on
such cover.

         The relative fault of the Company on the one hand and the Underwriters
on the other hand shall be determined by reference to, among other things,
whether any such untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or
omission or alleged omission to state a material fact relates to information
supplied by the Company or by the Underwriters and the parties' relative intent,
knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such
statement or omission.

         The Company and the Underwriters agree that it would not be just and
equitable if contribution pursuant to this Section 7 were determined by pro rata
allocation (even if the Underwriters were treated as one entity for such
purpose) or by any other method of allocation which does not take account of the
equitable considerations referred to above in this Section 7. The aggregate
amount of losses, liabilities, claims, damages and expenses incurred by an
indemnified party and referred to above in this Section 7 shall be deemed to
include any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by such indemnified
party in investigating, preparing or defending against any litigation, or any
investigation or proceeding by any governmental agency or body, commenced or
threatened, or any claim whatsoever based upon any such untrue or alleged untrue
statement or omission or alleged omission.

         Notwithstanding the provisions of this Section 7, no Underwriter shall
be required to contribute any amount in excess of the amount by which the total
price at which the Securities underwritten by it and distributed to the public
were offered to the public exceeds the amount of any damages which such
Underwriter has otherwise been required to pay by reason of any such untrue or
alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission.

         No person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of
Section 11(f) of the 1933 Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any person
who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation.

         For purposes of this Section 7, each person, if any, who controls an
Underwriter within the meaning of Section 15 of the 1933 Act or Section 20 of
the 1934 Act shall have the same rights to contribution as such Underwriter, and
each director of the Company, each officer of the Company who signed the
Registration Statement, and each person, if any, who controls the Company within
the meaning of Section 15 of the 1933 Act or Section 20 of the 1934 Act shall
have the same rights to contribution as the Company. The Underwriters'
respective obligations to contribute pursuant to this Section 7 are several in
proportion to the principal amount of Securities set forth opposite their
respective names in Schedule A hereto and not joint.

         SECTION VIII. Representations, Warranties and Agreements to Survive
Delivery. All representations, warranties and agreements contained in this
Agreement or in certificates of officers of the Company or any of its
subsidiaries submitted pursuant hereto, shall remain

                                       20

   25



operative and in full force and effect, regardless of any investigation made by
or on behalf of any Underwriter or controlling person, or by or on behalf of the
Company, and shall survive delivery of the Securities to the Underwriters.

         SECTION IX. Termination of Agreement.

         A. Termination; General. The Representatives may terminate this
Agreement, by notice to the Company, at any time at or prior to Closing Time (i)
if there has been, since the time of execution of this Agreement or since the
respective dates as of which information is given in the Prospectus, any
material adverse change in the condition, financial or otherwise, or in the
earnings, business affairs or business prospects of the Company and its
subsidiaries considered as one enterprise, whether or not arising in the
ordinary course of business, or (ii) if there has occurred any material adverse
change in the financial markets in the United States or the international
financial markets, any outbreak of hostilities or escalation thereof or other
calamity or crisis or any change or development involving a prospective change
in national or international political, financial or economic conditions, in
each case the effect of which is such as to make it, in the judgment of the
Representatives, impracticable to market the Securities or to enforce contracts
for the sale of the Securities, or (iii) if trading in any securities of the
Company has been suspended or materially limited by the Commission or the New
York Stock Exchange, or if trading generally on the American Stock Exchange or
the New York Stock Exchange or in the Nasdaq National Market has been suspended
or materially limited, or minimum or maximum prices for trading have been fixed,
or maximum ranges for prices have been required, by any of said exchanges or by
such system or by order of the Commission, the National Association of
Securities Dealers, Inc. or any other governmental authority, or (iv) if a
banking moratorium has been declared by Federal New York or Pennsylvania
authorities.

         B. Liabilities. If this Agreement is terminated pursuant to this
Section, such termination shall be without liability of any party to any other
party except as provided in Section 4 hereof, and provided further that Sections
1, 6, 7 and 8 shall survive such termination and remain in full force and
effect.

         SECTION X. Default by One or More of the Underwriters. If one or more
of the Underwriters shall fail at Closing Time to purchase the Securities which
it or they are obligated to purchase under this Agreement (the "Defaulted
Securities"), the Representatives shall have the right, within 24 hours
thereafter, to make arrangements for one or more of the non-defaulting
Underwriters, or any other underwriters, to purchase all, but not less than all,
of the Defaulted Securities in such amounts as may be agreed upon and upon the
terms herein set forth; if, however, the Representatives shall not have
completed such arrangements within such 24-hour period, then:

                  A. if the number of Defaulted Securities does not exceed 10%
         of the aggregate principal amount of the Securities to be purchased
         hereunder, each of the non-defaulting Underwriters shall be obligated,
         severally and not jointly, to purchase the full amount thereof in the
         proportions that their respective underwriting obligations hereunder
         bear to the underwriting obligations of all non-defaulting
         Underwriters, or


                                       21

   26



                  B. if the number of Defaulted Securities exceeds 10% of the
         aggregate principal amount of the Securities to be purchased hereunder,
         this Agreement shall terminate without liability on the part of any
         non-defaulting Underwriter.

         No action taken pursuant to this Section shall relieve any defaulting
Underwriter from liability in respect of its default.

         In the event of any such default which does not result in a termination
of this Agreement, either the Representatives or the Company shall have the
right to postpone Closing Time for a period not exceeding seven days in order to
effect any required changes in the Registration Statement or Prospectus or in
any other documents or arrangements. As used herein, the term "Underwriter"
includes any person substituted for an Underwriter under this Section 10.

         SECTION XI. Notices. All notices and other communications hereunder
shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have been duly given if mailed or
transmitted by any standard form of telecommunication. Notices to the
Underwriters shall be directed to the Representatives at North Tower, World
Financial Center, New York, New York 10281-1201, attention of John J. Bolebruch;
and notices to the Company shall be directed to it at Route 981 South at
Westmoreland County Airport, Latrobe, Pennsylvania 15650, attention of David T.
Cofer.

         SECTION XII. Parties. This Agreement shall each inure to the benefit of
and be binding upon the Underwriters and the Company and their respective
successors. Nothing expressed or mentioned in this Agreement is intended or
shall be construed to give any person, firm or corporation, other than the
Underwriters and the Company and their respective successors and the controlling
persons and officers and directors referred to in Sections 6 and 7 and their
heirs and legal representatives, any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim
under or in respect of this Agreement or any provision herein contained. This
Agreement and all conditions and provisions hereof are intended to be for the
sole and exclusive benefit of the Underwriters and the Company and their
respective successors, and said controlling persons and officers and directors
and their heirs and legal representatives, and for the benefit of no other
person, firm or corporation. No purchaser of Securities from any Underwriter
shall be deemed to be a successor by reason merely of such purchase.

         SECTION XIII. GOVERNING LAW AND TIME. THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED
BY AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK. SPECIFIED
TIMES OF DAY REFER TO NEW YORK CITY TIME.

         SECTION XIV. Effect of Headings. The Article and Section headings
herein and the Table of Contents are for convenience only and shall not affect
the construction hereof.


                                       22

   27



         If the foregoing is in accordance with your understanding of our
agreement, please sign and return to the Company a counterpart hereof, whereupon
this instrument, along with all counterparts, will become a binding agreement
between the Underwriters and the Company in accordance with its terms.

                                           Very truly yours,

                                           KENNAMETAL INC.



                                           By ____________________________
                                              Title:

CONFIRMED AND ACCEPTED, 
as of the date first above written:


MERRILL LYNCH & CO.
MERRILL LYNCH, PIERCE, FENNER & SMITH
  INCORPORATED
GOLDMAN, SACHS & CO.
CIBC OPPENHEIMER CORP.
DEUTSCHE MORGAN GRENFELL INC.

By:  MERRILL LYNCH, PIERCE, FENNER & SMITH
           INCORPORATED


By __________________________________________
             Authorized Signatory


For themselves and as Representatives of the other Underwriters named in
Schedule A hereto.

                                       23

   28



                                   SCHEDULE A

                                                                   Principal
                                                                   Amount of
                                    Name of Underwriter           Securities
                                    -------------------           ----------

Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith
  Incorporated.................................................
Goldman, Sachs & Co............................................
CIBC Oppenheimer Corp..........................................
Deutsche Morgan Grenfell Inc...................................







                                                                  ----------
         Total.................................................  
                                                                  ==========


                                        1

   29



                                   SCHEDULE B


                                 KENNAMETAL INC.

                       $150,000,000 Senior Notes due 2001

         1. The initial public offering price of the Securities shall be __% of
the principal amount thereof, plus accrued interest, if any, from the date of
issuance.

         2. The purchase price to be paid by the Underwriters for the Securities
shall be __% of the principal amount thereof.

         3. The interest rate on the Securities shall be __% per annum.



                        $150,000,000 Senior Note due 2008

         1. The initial public offering price of the Securities shall be __% of
the principal amount thereof, plus accrued interest, if any, from the date of
issuance.

         2. The purchase price to be paid by the Underwriters for the Securities
shall be __% of the principal amount thereof.

         3. The interest rate on the Securities shall be __% per annum.



                     $150,000,000 Senior Debentures due 2028

         1. The initial public offering price of the Securities shall be __% of
the principal amount thereof, plus accrued interest, if any, from the date of
issuance.

         2. The purchase price to be paid by the Underwriters for the Securities
shall be __% of the principal amount thereof.

         3. The interest rate on the Securities shall be __% per annum.





                                        2

   30



                                   SCHEDULE C

                              List of subsidiaries


                                        1
   1
                                                                     Exhibit 4.2

- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------


                                 KENNAMETAL INC.


                                       AND


                       THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF CHICAGO,
                           AS PURCHASE CONTRACT AGENT


                           --------------------------
                           PURCHASE CONTRACT AGREEMENT
                           --------------------------

                          DATED AS OF JANUARY ___, 1998



 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------




   2
                                                                            Page
                                                                            ----
                                TABLE OF CONTENTS



                                             RECITALS......................... 1


                                    ARTICLE I

                        Definitions and Other Provisions
                            of General Applications .......................... 1

                                                                       
Section 1.1.      Definitions..................................................1

Section 1.2.      Compliance Certificates and Opinions........................11

Section 1.3.      Form of Documents Delivered to Agent........................12

Section 1.4.      Acts of Holders; Record Dates...............................13

Section 1.5.      Notices.....................................................15

Section 1.6.      Notice to Holders; Waiver...................................16

Section 1.7.      Effect of Headings and Table of Contents....................16

Section 1.8.      Successors and Assigns......................................16

Section 1.9.      Separability Clause.........................................17

Section 1.10.     Benefits of Agreement.......................................17

Section 1.11.     Governing Law...............................................17

Section 1.12.     Legal Holidays..............................................17

Section 1.13.     Counterparts................................................18

Section 1.14.     Inspection of Agreement.....................................18
i 3
Page ---- ARTICLE II Certificate Forms...............................18 Section 2.1. Forms of Certificates Generally.............................18 Section 2.2. Form of Agent's Certificate of Authentication...............19 ARTICLE III The Securities................................20 Section 3.1. Title and Terms; Denominations..............................20 Section 3.2. Rights and Obligations Evidenced by the Certificates........20 Section 3.3. Execution, Authentication, Delivery and Dating..............21 Section 3.4. Temporary Certificates......................................22 Section 3.5. Registration; Registration of Transfer and Exchange.........23 Section 3.6. Book-Entry Interests........................................24 Section 3.7. Notices to Holders..........................................25 Section 3.8. Appointment of Successor Clearing Agency....................25 Section 3.9. Definitive Certificates.....................................25 Section 3.10. Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost and Stolen Certificates..........26 Section 3.11. Persons Deemed Owners.......................................27 Section 3.12. Cancellation................................................28 Section 3.13. Substitution of Securities..................................28
ii 4
Page ---- Section 3.14. Reestablishment of Income PRIDES.............................30 Section 3.15. Transfer of Collateral upon Occurrence of Termination Event..32 Section 3.16. No Consent to Assumption.....................................32 ARTICLE IV The Preferred Securities............................33 Section 4.1. Payment of Distribution; Rights to Distributions Preserved; Distribution Rate Reset; Notice.....33 Section 4.2. Notice and Voting............................................34 Section 4.3. Distribution of Debentures; Tax Event Redemption.............35 ARTICLE V The Purchase Contracts.............................36 Section 5.1. Purchase of Shares of Common Stock...........................36 Section 5.2. Contract Adjustment Payments.................................38 Section 5.3. Deferral of Payment Dates For Contract Adjustment Payments...39 Section 5.4. Payment of Purchase Price....................................41 Section 5.5. Issuance of Shares of Common Stock...........................45 Section 5.6. Adjustment of Settlement Rate................................46 Section 5.7. Notice of Adjustments and Certain Other Events...............52 Section 5.8. Termination Event; Notice....................................53 Section 5.9. Early Settlement.............................................54
iii 5
Page ---- Section 5.10. No Fractional Shares.........................................56 Section 5.11. Charges and Taxes............................................56 ARTICLE VI Remedies....................................57 Section 6.1. Unconditional Right of Holders to Receive Contract Adjustment Payments and to Purchase Common Stock........................57 Section 6.2. Restoration of Rights and Remedies...........................57 Section 6.3. Rights and Remedies Cumulative...............................57 Section 6.4. Delay or Omission Not Waiver.................................58 Section 6.5. Undertaking for Costs........................................58 Section 6.6. Waiver of Stay or Extension Laws.............................58 ARTICLE VII The Agent....................................59 Section 7.1. Certain Duties and Responsibilities..........................59 Section 7.2. Notice of Default............................................60 Section 7.3. Certain Rights of Agent......................................60 Section 7.4. Not Responsible for Recitals or Issuance of Securities.......61 Section 7.5. May Hold Securities..........................................61 Section 7.6. Money Held in Custody........................................61
iv 6
Page ---- Section 7.7. Compensation and Reimbursement...............................61 Section 7.8. Corporate Agent Required; Eligibility........................62 Section 7.9. Resignation and Removal; Appointment of Successor............62 Section 7.10. Acceptance of Appointment by Successor.......................64 Section 7.11. Merger, Conversion, Consolidation or Succession to Business..65 Section 7.12. Preservation of Information; Communications to Holders.......65 Section 7.13. No Obligations of Agent......................................65 Section 7.14. Tax Compliance...............................................66 ARTICLE VIII Supplemental Agreements.............................66 Section 8.1. Supplemental Agreements Without Consent of Holders...........66 Section 8.2. Supplemental Agreements with Consent of Holders..............67 Section 8.3. Execution of Supplemental Agreements.........................68 Section 8.4. Effect of Supplemental Agreements............................69 Section 8.5. Reference to Supplemental Agreements.........................69 ARTICLE IX Consolidation, Merger, Sale or Conveyance...........69 Section 9.1. Covenant Not to Merge, Consolidate, Sell or Convey Property Except Under Certain Conditions..............................69 Section 9.2. Rights and Duties of Successor Corporation ..................70
v 7
Page ---- Section 9.3. Opinion of Counsel Given to Agent............................70 ARTICLE X Covenants....................................71 Section 10.1. Performance Under Purchase Contracts.........................71 Section 10.2. Maintenance of Office or Agency..............................71 Section 10.3. Company to Reserve Common Stock..............................72 Section 10.4. Covenants as to Common Stock.................................72 Section 10.5. Statements of Officers of the Company as to Default..........72
EXHIBIT A Form of Income PRIDES Certificate EXHIBIT B Form of Growth PRIDES Certificate EXHIBIT C Instruction to Collateral Agent EXHIBIT D Instruction to Purchase Contract Agent EXHIBIT E Notice to Settle with Separate Cash vi 8 PURCHASE CONTRACT AGREEMENT, dated as of January ___, 1998, between Kennametal Inc., a Pennsylvania corporation (the "Company"), and The First National Bank of Chicago, a national banking association, acting as purchase contract agent for the Holders of Securities from time to time (the "Agent"). RECITALS The Company has duly authorized the execution and delivery of this Agreement and the Certificates evidencing the Securities. All things necessary to make the Purchase Contracts, when the Certificates are executed by the Company and authenticated, executed on behalf of the Holders and delivered by the Agent, as provided in this Agreement, the valid obligations of the Company, and to constitute these presents a valid agreement of the Company, in accordance with its terms, have been done. WITNESSETH: For and in consideration of the premises and the purchase of the Securities by the Holders thereof, it is mutually agreed as follows: ARTICLE I Definitions and Other Provisions of General Applications Section 1.1 Definitions. For all purposes of this Agreement, except as otherwise expressly provided or unless the context otherwise requires: (a) the terms defined in this Article have the meanings assigned to them in this Article and include the plural as well as the singular; and nouns and pronouns of the masculine gender include the feminine and neuter genders; 9 (b) all accounting terms not otherwise defined herein have the meanings assigned to them in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States; (c) the words "herein," "hereof" and "hereunder" and other words of similar import refer to this Agreement as a whole and not to any particular Article, Section or other subdivision; (d) the following terms have the meanings given to them in the Declaration: (i) Applicable Ownership Interest; (ii) Applicable Principal Amount; (iii) Authorized Newspaper; (iv) Indenture, (v) Investment Company Event; (vi) Liquidation Distribution; (vii) Preferred Securities Guarantee; (viii) Primary Treasury Dealer; (ix) Quotation Agent; (x) Redemption Amount; (xi) Redemption Price; (xii) Reset Agent; (xiii) Reset Announcement Date; (xiv) Reset Rate; (xv) Reset Spread; (xvi) Tax Event; (xvii) Tax Event Redemption; (xviii) Tax Event Redemption Date; (xix) Two-Year Benchmark Treasury; (xx) Treasury Portfolio; and (xxi) Treasury Portfolio Purchase Price; and (e) the following terms have the meanings given to them in this Section 1.1(e). "Act" when used with respect to any Holder, has the meaning specified in Section 1.4. "Affiliate" has the same meaning as given to that term in Rule 405 of the Securities Act or any successor rule thereunder. "Agent" means the Person named as the "Agent" in the first paragraph of this instrument until a successor Agent shall have become such pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Agreement, and thereafter "Agent" shall mean such Person. "Agreement" means this instrument as originally executed or as it may from time to time be supplemented or amended by one or more agreements supplemental hereto entered into pursuant to the applicable provisions hereof. "Applicable Market Value" has the meaning specified in Section 5.1. 2 10 "Bankruptcy Code" means title 11 of the United States Code, or any other law of the United States that from time to time provides a uniform system of bankruptcy laws. "Beneficial Owner" means, with respect to a Book-Entry Interest, a Person who is the beneficial owner of such Book-Entry Interest as reflected on the books of the Clearing Agency or on the books of a Person maintaining an account with such Clearing Agency (directly as a Clearing Agency Participant or as an indirect participant, in each case in accordance with the rules of such Clearing Agency). "Board of Directors" means the board of directors of the Company or a duly authorized committee of that board. "Board Resolution" means one or more resolutions of the Board of Directors, a copy of which has been certified by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company to have been duly adopted by the Board of Directors and to be in full force and effect on the date of such certification and delivered to the Agent. "Book-Entry Interest" means a beneficial interest in a Global Certificate, ownership and transfers of which shall be maintained and made through book entries by a Clearing Agency as described in Section 3.6. "Business Day" means any day other than a Saturday, Sunday or any other day on which banking institutions in New York City (in the State of New York) are permitted or required by any applicable law to close. "Cash Settlement" has the meaning set forth in Section 5.4(a)(i). "Certificate" means an Income PRIDES Certificate or a Growth PRIDES Certificate. "Clearing Agency" means an organization registered as a "Clearing Agency" pursuant to Section 17A of the Exchange Act that is acting as a depositary for the Securities and in whose name, or in the name of a nominee of that organization, shall be registered a Global Certificate and which shall undertake to effect book entry transfers and pledges of the Securities. 3 11 "Clearing Agency Participant" means a broker, dealer, bank, other financial institution or other Person for whom from time to time the Clearing Agency effects book entry transfers and pledges of securities deposited with the Clearing Agency. "Closing Price" has the meaning specified in Section 5.1. "Collateral" has the meaning specified in Section 2.1 of the Pledge Agreement. "Collateral Agent" means The Chase Manhattan Bank, as Collateral Agent under the Pledge Agreement until a successor Collateral Agent shall have become such pursuant to the applicable provisions of the Pledge Agreement, and thereafter "Collateral Agent" shall mean the Person who is then the Collateral Agent thereunder. "Collateral Substitution" has the meaning specified in Section 3.13. "Common Stock" means the Common Stock, par value $1.25, of the Company. "Company" means the Person named as the "Company" in the first paragraph of this instrument until a successor shall have become such pursuant to the applicable provision of this Agreement, and thereafter "Company" shall mean such successor. "Contract Adjustment Payments" means the fee payable by the Company in respect of each Purchase Contract, equal to % per annum of the Stated Amount, computed on the basis of a 360 day year of twelve 30 day months, plus any Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments accrued pursuant to Section 5.2. "Corporate Trust Office" means the principal corporate trust office of the Agent at which, at any particular time, its corporate trust business shall be administered, which office at the date hereof is located at One First National Plaza, Suite 0126, Chicago, IL 60670-0126, Attention: Corporate Trust Services Division, except that for purposes of Section 10.2, such term shall mean the office or agency of the Agent in the Borough of Manhattan, the City of New York, which office at the date hereof is located at 14 Wall Street, Eighth Floor, New York, NY 10005. 4 12 "Coupon Rate" means the percentage rate per annum at which each Debenture will bear interest initially. "Current Market Price" has the meaning specified in Section 5.6(a)(8). "Debentures" means the series of debentures of the Company designated the ____% Debentures due February 16, 2003, to be issued under the Indenture as of the date hereof. "Declaration" means the Amended and Restated Agreement of Trust of Kennametal Financing I, dated January ___, 1998, among the Company, as the sponsor, the trustees named therein and the holders from time to time of individual beneficial interests in the assets of the Trust. "Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments" has the meaning specified in Section 5.3. "Depositary" means, initially, DTC until another Clearing Agency becomes its successor. "DTC" means The Depository Trust Company, the initial Clearing Agency. "Early Settlement" has the meaning specified in Section 5.9(a). "Early Settlement Amount" has the meaning specified in Section 5.9(a). "Early Settlement Date" has the meaning specified in Section 5.9(a). "Early Settlement Rate" has the meaning specified in Section 5.9(b). "Exchange Act" means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and any statute successor thereto, in each case as amended from time to time, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder. "Expiration Date" has the meaning specified in Section 1.4. "Expiration Time" has the meaning specified in Section 5.6(a)(6). 5 13 "Global Certificate" means a Certificate that evidences all or part of the Securities and is registered in the name of a Depositary or a nominee thereof. "Global Preferred Security Certificate" means a certificate evidencing the rights and obligations of a Holder in respect of the number of Preferred Securities specified on such certificate and which is registered in the name of a Clearing Agency or a nominee thereof. "Growth PRIDES" means, following the substitution of one or more Treasury Securities for Preferred Securities or for the Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, as collateral to secure a holder's obligations under a Purchase Contract, the collective rights and obligations of a holder of a Growth PRIDES Certificate in respect of such Treasury Securities, subject in each case to the Pledge thereof, and the related Purchase Contract. "Growth PRIDES Certificate" means a certificate evidencing the rights and obligations of a Holder in respect of the number of Growth PRIDES specified on such certificate. "Growth PRIDES Register" and "Growth PRIDES Registrar" have the respective meanings specified in Section 3.5. "Holder," when used with respect to a Security, means the Person in whose name the Security evidenced by an Income PRIDES Certificate and/or a Growth PRIDES Certificate is registered in the related Income PRIDES Register and/or the Growth PRIDES Register, as the case may be. "Income PRIDES" means the collective rights and obligations of a Holder of an Income PRIDES Certificate in respect of a Preferred Security or an appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, subject in each case to the Pledge thereof, and the related Purchase Contract. "Income PRIDES Certificate" means a certificate evidencing the rights and obligations of a Holder in respect of the number of Income PRIDES specified on such certificate. "Income PRIDES Register" and "Income PRIDES Registrar" have the respective meanings specified in Section 3.5. 6 14 "Indenture" has the meaning set forth in Section 1.1 of the Declaration. "Indenture Trustee" means The First National Bank of Chicago, a national banking association, as trustee under the Indenture, or any successor thereto. "Institutional Trustee" means The First National Bank of Chicago, as institutional trustee under the Declaration, or any successor thereto that is a financial institution unaffiliated with the Company. "Issuer Order" or "Issuer Request" means a written order or request signed in the name of the Company by its Chairman of the Board, any Vice Chairman, its President or a Vice President and by its Treasurer, an Assistant Treasurer, its Secretary or an Assistant Secretary, and delivered to the Agent. "NYSE" has the meaning specified in Section 5.1. "Officer's Certificate" means a certificate signed by the Chairman of the Board, any Vice Chairman of the Board, the President, any Vice President, the Treasurer, any Assistant Treasurer, the Secretary or any Assistant Secretary of the Company and delivered to the Agent. "Opinion of Counsel" means an opinion in writing signed by legal counsel, who may be an employee of or counsel to the Company or an Affiliate and who shall be reasonably acceptable to the Agent. "Outstanding Securities," with respect to any Income PRIDES or Growth PRIDES, means, as of the date of determination, all Income PRIDES or Growth PRIDES evidenced by Certificates theretofore authenticated, executed and delivered under this Agreement, except: (i) If a Termination Event has occurred, (A) Growth PRIDES and (B) Income PRIDES for which the Stated Amount of the related Preferred Security or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, or a Liquidation Distribution in respect of such Preferred Security, as the case may be, has been theretofore deposited with the Agent in trust for the Holders of such Income PRIDES; 7 15 (ii) Income PRIDES and Growth PRIDES evidenced by Certificates theretofore cancelled by the Agent or delivered to the Agent for cancellation or deemed cancelled pursuant to the provisions of this Agreement; and (iii) Income PRIDES and Growth PRIDES evidenced by Certificates in exchange for or in lieu of which other Certificates have been authenticated, executed on behalf of the Holder and delivered pursuant to this Agreement, other than any such Certificate in respect of which there shall have been presented to the Agent proof satisfactory to it that such Certificate is held by a bona fide purchaser in whose hands the Income PRIDES or Growth PRIDES evidenced by such Certificate are valid obligations of the Company; provided, however, that in determining whether the Holders of the requisite number of the Income PRIDES or Growth PRIDES have given any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver hereunder, Income PRIDES or Growth PRIDES owned by the Company or any Affiliate of the Company shall be disregarded and deemed not to be outstanding, except that, in determining whether the Agent shall be protected in relying upon any such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver, only Income PRIDES or Growth PRIDES which a Responsible Officer of the Agent knows to be so owned shall be so disregarded. Income PRIDES or Growth PRIDES so owned which have been pledged in good faith may be regarded as Outstanding Securities if the pledgee establishes to the satisfaction of the Agent the pledgee's right so to act with respect to such Income PRIDES or Growth PRIDES and that the pledgee is not the Company or any Affiliate of the Company. "Payment Date" means each February 16, May 16, August 16 and November 16, commencing February 16, 1998. "Person" means any individual, corporation, limited liability company, partnership, joint venture, association, joint-stock company, trust, unincorporated organization or government or any agency or political subdivision thereof. "Permitted Investments" has the meaning set forth in Section 1 of the Pledge Agreement. 8 16 "Pledge" means the pledge under the Pledge Agreement of the Preferred Securities, the Treasury Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, in each case constituting a part of the Securities. "Pledge Agreement" means the Pledge Agreement, dated as of the date hereof, by and among the Company, the Collateral Agent and the Agent, on its own behalf and as attorney-in-fact for the Holders from time to time of the Securities. "Predecessor Certificate" means a Predecessor Income PRIDES Certificate or a Predecessor Growth PRIDES Certificate. "Predecessor Growth PRIDES Certificate" of any particular Growth PRIDES Certificate means every previous Growth PRIDES Certificate evidencing all or a portion of the rights and obligations of the Company and the Holder under the Growth PRIDES evidenced thereby; and, for the purposes of this definition, any Growth PRIDES Certificate authenticated and delivered under Section 3.10 in exchange for or in lieu of a mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Growth PRIDES Certificate shall be deemed to evidence the same rights and obligations of the Company and the Holder as the mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Growth PRIDES Certificate. "Predecessor Income PRIDES Certificate" of any particular Income PRIDES Certificate means every previous Income PRIDES Certificate evidencing all or a portion of the rights and obligations of the Company and the Holder under the Income PRIDES evidenced thereby; and, for the purposes of this definition, any Income PRIDES Certificate authenticated and delivered under Section 3.10 in exchange for or in lieu of a mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Income PRIDES Certificate shall be deemed to evidence the same rights and obligations of the Company and the Holder as the mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Income PRIDES Certificate. "Preferred Securities" means the ____% Trust Originated Preferred Securities of the Trust, each having a stated liquidation amount of $50, representing preferred undivided beneficial interests in the assets of the Trust. "Proceeds" has the meaning set forth in Section 1 of the Pledge Agreement. 9 17 "Purchase Agreement" means the Purchase Agreement dated January ___, 1998 between the Company, the Trust, and Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated and Goldman, Sachs & Co. "Purchase Contract," when used with respect to any Security, means the contract forming a part of such Security and obligating the Company to (i) sell and the Holder of such Security to purchase Common Stock and (ii) pay the Holder Contract Adjustment Payments, if any, on the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in Article Five hereof. "Purchase Contract Settlement Date" means February 16, 2001. "Purchase Contract Settlement Fund" has the meaning specified in Section 5.5. "Purchase Price" has the meaning specified in Section 5.1. "Purchased Shares" has the meaning specified in Section 5.6(a)(6). "Record Date" for the distribution and Contract Adjustment Payments payable on any Payment Date means, as to any Global Certificate, the Business Day next preceding such Payment Date, and as to any other Certificate, a day selected by the Company which shall be more than one Business Day but less than 60 Business Days prior to such Payment Date. "Register" means the Income PRIDES Register and the Growth PRIDES Register. "Registrar" means the Income PRIDES Registrar and the Growth PRIDES Registrar. "Remarketing Agent" has the meaning specified in Section 5.4. "Remarketing Agreement" means the Remarketing Agreement dated January ___, 1998 by and between the Company, the Trust, the Remarketing Agent and the Purchase Contract Agent. "Remarketing Fee" has the meaning specified in Section 5.4. 10 18 "Remarketing Purchase Agreement" has the meaning specified in the Remarketing Agreement. "Reorganization Event" has the meaning specified in Section 5.6(b). "Responsible Officer," when used with respect to the Agent, means any officer of the Agent assigned by the Agent to administer its corporate trust matters. "Security" means an Income PRIDES or a Growth PRIDES. "Senior Indebtedness" means indebtedness of any kind of the Company unless the instrument under which such indebtedness is incurred expressly provides that it is on parity with or subordinated in right of payment to the Contract Adjustment Payments. "Settlement Rate" has the meaning specified in Section 5.1. "Stated Amount" means $50. "Termination Date" means the date, if any, on which a Termination Event occurs. "Termination Event" means the occurrence of any of the following events: (i) at any time on or prior to the Purchase Contract Settlement Date, a judgment, decree or court order shall have been entered granting relief under the Bankruptcy Code, adjudicating the Company to be insolvent, or approving as properly filed a petition seeking reorganization or liquidation of the Company or any other similar applicable Federal or State law, and, unless such judgment, decree or order shall have been entered within 60 days prior to the Purchase Contract Settlement Date, such decree or order shall have continued undischarged and unstayed for a period of 60 days; or (ii) a judgment, decree or court order for the appointment of a receiver or liquidator or trustee or assignee in bankruptcy or insolvency of the Company or of its property, or for the winding up or liquidation of its affairs, shall have been entered, and, unless such judgment, decree or order shall have been entered within 60 days prior to the Purchase Contract Settlement Date, such judgment, decree or order shall have continued undischarged and unstayed for a period of 60 days, or (iii) at any time on or prior to the Purchase Contract Settlement Date the Company shall file a petition for relief under the Bankruptcy Code, or shall consent to the filing of a bankruptcy proceeding against it, or shall file a petition or answer or consent seeking reorganiza- 11 19 tion or liquidation under the Bankruptcy Code or any other similar applicable Federal or State law, or shall consent to the filing of any such petition, or shall consent to the appointment of a receiver or liquidator or trustee or assignee in bankruptcy or insolvency of it or of its property, or shall make an assignment for the benefit of creditors, or shall admit in writing its inability to pay its debts generally as they become due. "Threshold Appreciation Price" has the meaning specified in Section 5.1. "TIA" means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended, or any successor statute. "Trading Day" has the meaning specified in Section 5.1. "Treasury Security" means zero-coupon U.S. Treasury Securities (Cusip Number 912820 A20) which are the principal strip of the 7-3/4% U.S. Treasury Securities which mature on February 15, 2001. "Trust" means Kennametal Financing I, a statutory business trust formed under the laws of the State of Delaware, or any successor thereto by merger or consolidation. "Vice President" means any vice president, whether or not designated by a number or a word or words added before or after the title "vice president." Section 1.2. Compliance Certificates and Opinions. Except as otherwise expressly provided by this Agreement, upon any application or request by the Company to the Agent to take any action under any provision of this Agreement, the Company shall furnish to the Agent an Officer's Certificate stating that all conditions precedent, if any, provided for in this Agreement relating to the proposed action have been complied with and, if requested by the Agent, an Opinion of Counsel stating that, in the opinion of such counsel, all such conditions precedent, if any, have been complied with, except that in the case of any such application or request as to which the furnishing of such documents is specifically required by any provision of this Agreement relating to such particular application or request, no additional certificate or opinion need be furnished. 12 20 Every certificate or opinion with respect to compliance with a condition or covenant provided for in this Agreement shall include: (1) a statement that each individual signing such certificate or opinion has read such covenant or condition and the definitions herein relating thereto; (2) a brief statement as to the nature and scope of the examination or investigation upon which the statements or opinions contained in such certificate or opinion are based; (3) a statement that, in the opinion of each such individual, he or she has made such examination or investigation as is necessary to enable such individual to express an informed opinion as to whether or not such covenant or condition has been complied with; and (4) a statement as to whether, in the opinion of each such individual, such condition or covenant has been complied with. Section 1.3 Form of Documents Delivered to Agent. In any case where several matters are required to be certified by, or covered by an opinion of, any specified Person, it is not necessary that all such matters be certified by, or covered by the opinion of, only one such Person, or that they be so certified or covered by only one document, but one such Person may certify or give an opinion with respect to some matters and one or more other such Persons as to other matters, and any such Person may certify or give an opinion as to such matters in one or several documents. Any certificate or opinion of an officer of the Company may be based, insofar as it relates to legal matters, upon a certificate or opinion of, or representations by, counsel, unless such officer knows, or in the exercise of reasonable care should know, that the certificate or opinion or representations with respect to the matters upon which his certificate or opinion is based are erroneous. Any such certificate or Opinion of Counsel may be based, insofar as it relates to factual matters, upon a certificate or opinion of, or representations by, an officer or officers of the Company stating that the information with respect to such factual matters is in the possession of the Company unless such counsel knows, or in the exercise of 13 21 reasonable care should know, that the certificate or opinion or representations with respect to such matters are erroneous. Where any Person is required to make, give or execute two or more applications, requests, consents, certificates, statements, opinions or other instruments under this Agreement, they may, but need not, be consolidated and form one instrument. Section 1.4. Acts of Holders; Record Dates. (a) Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action provided by this Agreement to be given or taken by Holders may be embodied in and evidenced by one or more instruments of substantially similar tenor signed by such Holders in person or by agent duly appointed in writing; and, except as herein otherwise expressly provided, such action shall become effective when such instrument or instruments are delivered to the Agent and, where it is hereby expressly required, to the Company. Such instrument or instruments (and the action embodied therein and evidenced thereby) are herein sometimes referred to as the "Act" of the Holders signing such instrument or instruments. Proof of execution of any such instrument or of a writing appointing any such agent shall be sufficient for any purpose of this Agreement and (subject to Section 7.1) conclusive in favor of the Agent and the Company, if made in the manner provided in this Section. (b) The fact and date of the execution by any Person of any such instrument or writing may be proved in any manner which the Agent deems sufficient. (c) The ownership of Securities shall be proved by the Income PRIDES Register or the Growth PRIDES Register, as the case may be. (d) Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other Act of the Holder of any Certificate shall bind every future Holder of the same Certificate and the Holder of every Certificate issued upon the registration of transfer thereof or in exchange therefor or in lieu thereof in respect of anything done, omitted or suffered to be done by the Agent or the Company in reliance thereon, whether or not notation of such action is made upon such Certificate. (e) The Company may set any day as a record date for the purpose of determining the Holders of Outstanding Securities entitled to give, make or take any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action provided or permitted by this Agreement to be given, made or taken by Holders of 14 22 Securities. If any record date is set pursuant to this paragraph, the Holders of the Outstanding Income PRIDES and the Outstanding Growth PRIDES, as the case may be, on such record date, and no other Holders, shall be entitled to take the relevant action with respect to the Income PRIDES or the Growth PRIDES, as the case may be, whether or not such Holders remain Holders after such record date; provided that no such action shall be effective hereunder unless taken on or prior to the applicable Expiration Date by Holders of the requisite number of Outstanding Securities on such record date. Nothing in this paragraph shall be construed to prevent the Company from setting a new record date for any action for which a record date has previously been set pursuant to this paragraph (whereupon the record date previously set shall automatically and with no action by any Person be cancelled and of no effect), and nothing in this paragraph shall be construed to render ineffective any action taken by Holders of the requisite number of Outstanding Securities on the date such action is taken. Promptly after any record date is set pursuant to this paragraph, the Company, at its own expense, shall cause notice of such record date, the proposed action by Holders and the applicable Expiration Date to be given to the Agent in writing and to each Holder of Securities in the manner set forth in Section 1.6. With respect to any record date set pursuant to this Section, the Company may designate any date as the "Expiration Date" and from time to time may change the Expiration Date to any earlier or later day; provided that no such change shall be effective unless notice of the proposed new Expiration Date is given to the Agent in writing, and to each Holder of Securities in the manner set forth in Section 1.6, on or prior to the existing Expiration Date. If an Expiration Date is not designated with respect to any record date set pursuant to this Section, the Company shall be deemed to have initially designated the 180th day after such record date as the Expiration Date with respect thereto, subject to its right to change the Expiration Date as provided in this paragraph. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no Expiration Date shall be later than the 180th day after the applicable record date. Section 1.5. Notices. Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or Act of Holders or other document provided or permitted by this Agreement to be made upon, given or furnished to, or filed with, (1) the Agent by any Holder or by the Company shall be sufficient for every purpose hereunder (unless otherwise herein expressly pro- 15 23 vided) if made, given, furnished or filed in writing and personally delivered or mailed, first-class postage prepaid, to the Agent at The First National Bank of Chicago, One First National Plaza, Suite 0126, Chicago, IL 60670-0126, Attention: Corporate Trust Services Division, or at any other address previously furnished in writing by the Agent to the Holders and the Company; or (2) the Company by the Agent or by any Holder shall be sufficient for every purpose hereunder (unless otherwise herein expressly provided) if made, given, furnished or filed in writing and personally delivered or mailed, first-class postage prepaid, to the Company at Kennametal Inc., Corporate Headquarters, State Route 981 South, P.O. Box 231, Latrobe, PA 15650-0231, Attention: Corporate Secretary, or at any other address previously furnished in writing to the Agent by the Company; or (3) the Collateral Agent by the Agent, the Company or any Holder shall be sufficient for every purpose hereunder (unless otherwise herein expressly provided) if made, given, furnished or filed in writing and personally delivered or mailed, first-class postage prepaid, addressed to the Collateral Agent at The Chase Manhattan Bank, 450 West 33rd Street, 15th Floor, New York, NY 10001, Attention: Corporate Trust Administration, or at any other address previously furnished in writing by the Collateral Agent to the Agent, the Company and the Holders; or (4) the Institutional Trustee by the Company shall be sufficient for every purpose hereunder (unless otherwise herein expressly provided) if made, given, furnished or filed in writing and personally delivered or mailed, first-class postage prepaid, addressed to the Institutional Trustee at The First National Bank of Chicago, One First National Plaza, Suite 0126, Chicago, IL 60670-0126, Attention: Corporate Trust Services Division, or at any other address previously furnished in writing by the Institutional Trustee to the Company; or (5) the Indenture Trustee by the Company shall be sufficient for every purpose hereunder (unless otherwise herein expressly provided) if made, given, furnished or filed in writing and personally delivered or mailed, first-class postage prepaid, addressed to the Indenture Trustee at One First National Plaza, Suite 0126, Chicago, IL 60670-0126, Attention: Corporate 16 24 Trust Services Division, or at any other address previously furnished in writing by the Indenture Trustee to the Company. Section 1.6. Notice to Holders; Waiver. Where this Agreement provides for notice to Holders of any event, such notice shall be sufficiently given (unless otherwise herein expressly provided) if in writing and mailed, first-class postage prepaid, to each Holder affected by such event, at its address as it appears in the applicable Register, not later than the latest date, and not earlier than the earliest date, prescribed for the giving of such notice. In any case where notice to Holders is given by mail, neither the failure to mail such notice, nor any defect in any notice so mailed to any particular Holder shall affect the sufficiency of such notice with respect to other Holders. Where this Agreement provides for notice in any manner, such notice may be waived in writing by the Person entitled to receive such notice, either before or after the event, and such waiver shall be the equivalent of such notice. Waivers of notice by Holders shall be filed with the Agent, but such filing shall not be a condition precedent to the validity of any action taken in reliance upon such waiver. In case by reason of the suspension of regular mail service or by reason of any other cause it shall be impracticable to give such notice by mail, then such notification as shall be made with the approval of the Agent shall constitute a sufficient notification for every purpose hereunder. Section 1.7. Effect of Headings and Table of Contents. The Article and Section headings herein and the Table of Contents are for convenience only and shall not affect the construction hereof. Section 1.8. Successors and Assigns. All covenants and agreements in this Agreement by the Company shall bind its successors and assigns, whether so expressed or not. Section 1.9. Separability Clause. In case any provision in this Agreement or in the Securities shall be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions hereof and thereof shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby. 17 25 Section 1.10. Benefits of Agreement. Nothing in this Agreement or in the Securities, express or implied, shall give to any Person, other than the parties hereto and their successors hereunder and, to the extent provided hereby, the Holders, any benefits or any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under this Agreement. The Holders from time to time shall be beneficiaries of this Agreement and shall be bound by all of the terms and conditions hereof and of the Securities evidenced by their Certificates by their acceptance of delivery of such Certificates. Section 1.11. Governing Law. This Agreement and the Securities shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York. Section 1.12. Legal Holidays. In any case where any Payment Date shall not be a Business Day, then (notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement or the Income PRIDES Certificates or the Growth PRIDES Certificates) payment of the Contract Adjustment Payments, if any, shall not be made on such date, but such payments shall be made on the next succeeding Business Day with the same force and effect as if made on such Payment Date, provided that no interest shall accrue or be payable by the Company or any Holder for the period from and after any such Payment Date, except that, if such next succeeding Business Day is in the next succeeding calendar year, such payment shall be made on the immediately preceding Business Day with the same force and effect as if made on such Payment Date. In any case where any Purchase Contract Settlement Date shall not be a Business Day, then (notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, the Income PRIDES Certificates or the Growth PRIDES Certificates), the Purchase Contracts shall not be performed on such date, but the Purchase Contracts shall be performed on the immediately following Business Day with the same force and effect as if performed on the Purchase Contract Settlement Date. 18 26 Section 1.13. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts by the parties hereto on separate counterparts, each of which, when so executed and delivered, shall be deemed an original, but all such counterparts shall together constitute one and the same instrument. Section 1.14. Inspection of Agreement. A copy of this Agreement shall be available at all reasonable times during normal business hours at the Corporate Trust Office for inspection by any Holder. ARTICLE II Certificate Forms Section 2.1. Forms of Certificates Generally. The Income PRIDES Certificates (including the form of Purchase Contract forming part of the Income PRIDES evidenced thereby) shall be in substantially the form set forth in Exhibit A hereto, with such letters, numbers or other marks of identification or designation and such legends or endorsements printed, lithographed or engraved thereon as may be required by the rules of any securities exchange on which the Income PRIDES are listed or any depositary therefor, or as may, consistently herewith, be determined by the officers of the Company executing such Income PRIDES Certificates, as evidenced by their execution of the Income PRIDES Certificates. The definitive Income PRIDES Certificates shall be printed, lithographed or engraved on steel engraved borders or may be produced in any other manner, all as determined by the officers of the Company executing the Income PRIDES evidenced by such Income PRIDES Certificates, consistent with the provisions of this Agreement, as evidenced by their execution thereof. The Growth PRIDES Certificates (including the form of Purchase Contracts forming part of the Growth PRIDES evidenced thereby) shall be in substantially the form set forth in Exhibit B hereto, with such letters, numbers or other marks of 19 27 identification or designation and such legends or endorsements printed, lithographed or engraved thereon as may be required by the rules of any securities exchange on which the Growth PRIDES may be listed or any depositary therefor, or as may, consistently herewith, be determined by the officers of the Company executing such Growth PRIDES Certificates, as evidenced by their execution of the Growth PRIDES Certificates. The definitive Growth PRIDES Certificates shall be printed, lithographed or engraved on steel engraved borders or may be produced in any other manner, all as determined by the officers of the Company executing the Growth PRIDES evidenced by such Growth PRIDES Certificates, consistent with the provisions of this Agreement, as evidenced by their execution thereof. Every Global Certificate authenticated, executed on behalf of the Holders and delivered hereunder shall bear a legend in substantially the following form: THIS CERTIFICATE IS A GLOBAL CERTIFICATE WITHIN THE MEANING OF THE PURCHASE CONTRACT AGREEMENT (AS HEREINAFTER DEFINED) AND IS REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF THE CLEARING AGENCY OR A NOMINEE THEREOF. THIS CERTIFICATE MAY NOT BE EXCHANGED IN WHOLE OR IN PART FOR A CERTIFICATE REGISTERED, AND NO TRANSFER OF THIS CERTIFICATE IN WHOLE OR IN PART MAY BE REGISTERED, IN THE NAME OF ANY PERSON OTHER THAN SUCH CLEARING AGENCY OR A NOMINEE THEREOF, EXCEPT IN THE LIMITED CIRCUMSTANCES DESCRIBED IN THE PURCHASE CONTRACT AGREEMENT. Section 2.2. Form of Agent's Certificate of Authentication. The form of the Agent's certificate of authentication of the Income PRIDES shall be in substantially the form set forth on the form of the Income PRIDES Certificates. The form of the Agent's certificate of authentication of the Growth PRIDES shall be in substantially the form set forth on the form of the Growth PRIDES Certificates. 20 28 ARTICLE III The Securities Section 3.1. Title and Terms; Denominations. The aggregate number of Income PRIDES evidenced by Certificates authenticated, executed on behalf of the Holders and delivered hereunder is limited to 5,175,000 except for Certificates authenticated, executed and delivered upon registration of transfer of, in exchange for, or in lieu of, other Certificates pursuant to Section 3.4, 3.5, 3.10, 3.13, 3.14, 5.9 or 8.5. The Certificates shall be issuable only in registered form and only in denominations of a single Income PRIDES or Growth PRIDES and any integral multiple thereof. Section 3.2. Rights and Obligations Evidenced by the Certificates. Each Income PRIDES Certificate shall evidence the number of Income PRIDES specified therein, with each such Income PRIDES representing the ownership by the Holder thereof of a beneficial interest in a Preferred Security or the Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, subject to the Pledge of such Preferred Security or the Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, by such Holder pursuant to the Pledge Agreement, and the rights and obligations of the Holder thereof and the Company under one Purchase Contract. The Agent as attorney-in-fact for, and on behalf of, the Holder of each Income PRIDES shall pledge, pursuant to the Pledge Agreement, the Preferred Security or the Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, forming a part of such Income PRIDES, to the Collateral Agent and grant to the Collateral Agent a security interest in the right, title, and interest of such Holder in such Preferred Security or the Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, for the benefit of the Company, to secure the obligation of the Holder under each Purchase Contract to purchase the Common Stock of the Company. Prior to the purchase of shares of Common Stock under each Purchase Contract, such Purchase Contracts shall not entitle the Holder of an Income PRIDES Certificates to any of the rights of a holder of shares of Common Stock, including, without limitation, the right to vote or receive any dividends or other payments or to consent or to receive notice as 21 29 stockholders in respect of the meetings of stockholders or for the election of directors of the Company or for any other matter, or any other rights whatsoever as stockholders of the Company. Each Growth PRIDES Certificate shall evidence the number of Growth PRIDES specified therein, with each such Growth PRIDES representing the ownership by the Holder thereof of a 1/20 undivided beneficial interest in a Treasury Security with a principal amount equal to $1,000 subject to the Pledge of such Treasury Security by such Holder pursuant to the Pledge Agreement, and the rights and obligations of the Holder thereof and the Company under one Purchase Contract. Prior to the purchase, if any, of shares of Common Stock under the Purchase Contracts, such Growth PRIDES Certificates shall not entitle the Holders of Growth PRIDES Certificates to any of the rights of a holder of shares of Common Stock, including, without limitation, the right to vote or receive any dividends or other payments or to consent or to receive notice as stockholders in respect of the meetings of stockholders or for the election of directors of the Company or for any other matter, or any other rights whatsoever as stockholders of the Company. Section 3.3. Execution, Authentication, Delivery and Dating. Subject to the provisions of Sections 3.13 and 3.14 hereof, upon the execution and delivery of this Agreement, and at any time and from time to time thereafter, the Company may deliver Certificates executed by the Company to the Agent for authentication, execution on behalf of the Holders and delivery, together with its Issuer Order for authentication of such Certificates, and the Agent in accordance with such Issuer Order shall authenticate, execute on behalf of the Holders and deliver such Certificates. The Certificates shall be executed on behalf of the Company by its Chairman of the Board, its Vice Chairman of the Board, its President or one of its Vice Presidents or Treasurer. The signature of any of these officers on the Certificates may be manual or facsimile. Certificates bearing the manual or facsimile signatures of individuals who were at any time the proper officers of the Company shall bind the Company, notwithstanding that such individuals or any of them have ceased to hold such offices prior to the authentication and delivery of such Certificates or did not hold such offices at the date of such Certificates. 22 30 No Purchase Contract evidenced by a Certificate shall be valid until such Certificate has been executed on behalf of the Holder by the manual signature of an authorized signatory of the Agent, as such Holder's attorney-in-fact. Such signature by an authorized signatory of the Agent shall be conclusive evidence that the Holder of such Certificate has entered into the Purchase Contracts evidenced by such Certificate. Each Certificate shall be dated the date of its authentication. No Certificate shall be entitled to any benefit under this Agreement or be valid or obligatory for any purpose unless there appears on such Certificate a certificate of authentication substantially in the form provided for herein executed by an authorized signatory of the Agent by manual signature, and such certificate upon any Certificate shall be conclusive evidence, and the only evidence, that such Certificate has been duly authenticated and delivered hereunder. Section 3.4. Temporary Certificates. Pending the preparation of definitive Certificates, the Company shall execute and deliver to the Agent, and the Agent shall authenticate, execute on behalf of the Holders, and deliver, in lieu of such definitive Certificates, temporary Certificates which are in substantially the form set forth in Exhibit A or Exhibit B hereto, as the case may be, with such letters, numbers or other marks of identification or designation and such legends or endorsements printed, lithographed or engraved thereon as may be required by the rules of any securities exchange on which the Income PRIDES or Growth PRIDES are listed, or as may, consistently herewith, be determined by the officers of the Company executing such Certificates, as evidenced by their execution of the Certificates. If temporary Certificates are issued, the Company will cause definitive Certificates to be prepared without unreasonable delay. After the preparation of definitive Certificates, the temporary Certificates shall be exchangeable for definitive Certificates upon surrender of the temporary Certificates at the Corporate Trust Office, at the expense of the Company and without charge to the Holder. Upon surrender for cancellation of any one or more temporary Certificates, the Company shall execute and deliver to the Agent, and the Agent shall authenticate, execute on behalf of the Holder, and deliver in exchange therefor, one or more definitive Certificates of like tenor and denominations and evidencing a like number of Income PRIDES or Growth PRIDES, as the case may be, as the temporary Certificate or 23 31 Certificates so surrendered. Until so exchanged, the temporary Certificates shall in all respects evidence the same benefits and the same obligations with respect to the Income PRIDES or Growth PRIDES, as the case may be, evidenced thereby as definitive Certificates. Section 3.5. Registration; Registration of Transfer and Exchange. The Agent shall keep at the Corporate Trust Office a register (the "Income PRIDES Register") in which, subject to such reasonable regulations as it may prescribe, the Agent shall provide for the registration of Income PRIDES Certificates and of transfers of Income PRIDES Certificates (the Agent, in such capacity, the "Income PRIDES Registrar") and a Register (the "Growth PRIDES Register") in which, subject to such reasonable regulations as it may prescribe, the Agent shall provide for the registration of the Growth PRIDES Certificates following Collateral Substitutions and transfers of Growth PRIDES Certificates (the Agent, in such capacity, the "Growth PRIDES Registrar"). Upon surrender for registration of transfer of any Certificate at the Corporate Trust Office, the Company shall execute and deliver to the Agent, and the Agent shall authenticate, execute on behalf of the designated transferee or transferees, and deliver, in the name of the designated transferee or transferees, one or more new Certificates of any authorized denominations, like tenor, and evidencing a like number of Income PRIDES or Growth PRIDES, as the case may be. At the option of the Holder, Certificates may be exchanged for other Certificates, of any authorized denominations and evidencing a like number of Income PRIDES or Growth PRIDES, as the case may be, upon surrender of the Certificates to be exchanged at the Corporate Trust Office. Whenever any Certificates are so surrendered for exchange, the Company shall execute and deliver to the Agent, and the Agent shall authenticate, execute on behalf of the Holder, and deliver the Certificates which the Holder making the exchange is entitled to receive. All Certificates issued upon any registration of transfer or exchange of a Certificate shall evidence the ownership of the same number of Income PRIDES or Growth PRIDES, as the case may be, and be entitled to the same benefits and subject to the same obligations, under this Agreement as the Income PRIDES or Growth PRIDES, as the case may be, evidenced by the Certificate surrendered upon such registration of transfer or exchange. 24 32 Every Certificate presented or surrendered for registration of transfer or for exchange shall (if so required by the Agent) be duly endorsed, or be accompanied by a written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Company and the Agent duly executed, by the Holder thereof or its attorney duly authorized in writing. No service charge shall be made for any registration of transfer or exchange of a Certificate, but the Company and the Agent may require payment from the Holder of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in connection with any registration of transfer or exchange of Certificates, other than any exchanges pursuant to Sections 3.6 and 8.5 not involving any transfer. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company shall not be obligated to execute and deliver to the Agent, and the Agent shall not be obligated to authenticate, execute on behalf of the Holder and deliver any Certificate presented or surrendered for registration of transfer or for exchange on or after the Business Day immediately preceding the earlier of the Purchase Contract Settlement Date or the Termination Date. In lieu of delivery of a new Certificate, upon satisfaction of the applicable conditions specified above in this Section and receipt of appropriate registration or transfer instructions from such Holder, the Agent shall (i) if the Purchase Contract Settlement Date has occurred, deliver the shares of Common Stock issuable in respect of the Purchase Contracts forming a part of the Securities evidenced by such Certificate, (ii) in the case of Income PRIDES, if a Termination Event shall have occurred prior to the Purchase Contract Settlement Date, transfer the aggregate Stated Amount of the Preferred Securities or the Treasury Portfolio, as applicable, evidenced thereby, or (iii) in the case of Growth PRIDES, if a Termination Event shall have occurred prior to the Purchase Contract Settlement Date, transfer the Treasury Securities evidenced thereby, in each case subject to the applicable conditions and in accordance with the applicable provisions of Article Five hereof. Section 3.6. Book-Entry Interests. The Certificates, on original issuance, will be issued in the form of one or more, fully registered Global Certificates, to be delivered to the Depositary by, or on behalf of, the Company. Such Global Certificate shall initially be registered on the books and records of the Company in the name of Cede & Co., the nominee of the Depositary, and no Beneficial Owner will receive a definitive Certificate representing such Beneficial Owner's interest in such Global Certificate, except as provided in 25 33 Section 3.9. The Agent shall enter into an agreement with the Depositary if so requested by the Company. Unless and until definitive, fully registered Certificates have been issued to Beneficial Owners pursuant to Section 3.9: (a) the provisions of this Section 3.6 shall be in full force and effect; (b) the Company shall be entitled to deal with the Clearing Agency for all purposes of this Agreement (including the payment of Contract Adjustment Payments, if any, and receiving approvals, votes or consents hereunder) as the Holder of the Securities and the sole holder of the Global Certificate(s) and shall have no obligation to the Beneficial Owners; (c) to the extent that the provisions of this Section 3.6 conflict with any other provisions of this Agreement, the provisions of this Section 3.6 shall control; and (d) the rights of the Beneficial Owners shall be exercised only through the Clearing Agency and shall be limited to those established by law and agreements between such Beneficial Owners and the Clearing Agency and/or the Clearing Agency Participants. The Clearing Agency will make book entry transfers among Clearing Agency Participants and receive and transmit payments of Contract Adjustment Payments to such Clearing Agency Participants. Section 3.7. Notices to Holders. Whenever a notice or other communication to the Holders is required to be given under this Agreement, the Company or the Company's agent shall give such notices and communications to the Holders and, with respect to any Securities registered in the name of a Clearing Agency or the nominee of a Clearing Agency, the Company or the Company's agent shall, except as set forth herein, have no obligations to the Beneficial Owners. Section 3.8. Appointment of Successor Clearing Agency. If any Clearing Agency elects to discontinue its services as securities depositary with respect to the Securities, the Company may, in its sole discretion, appoint a successor Clearing Agency with respect to the Securities. 26 34 Section 3.9. Definitive Certificates. If (i) a Clearing Agency elects to discontinue its services as securities depositary with respect to the Securities and a successor Clearing Agency is not appointed within 90 days after such discontinuance pursuant to Section 3.8, (ii) the Company elects to terminate the book-entry system through the Clearing Agency with respect to the Securities, or (iii) there shall have occurred and be continuing a default by the Company in respect of its obligations under one or more Purchase Contracts, then upon surrender of the Global Certificates representing the Book-Entry Interests with respect to the Securities by the Clearing Agency, accompanied by registration instructions, the Company shall cause definitive Certificates to be delivered to Beneficial Owners in accordance with the instructions of the Clearing Agency. The Company shall not be liable for any delay in delivery of such instructions and may conclusively rely on and shall be protected in relying on, such instructions. Section 3.10. Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost and Stolen Certificates. If any mutilated Certificate is surrendered to the Agent, the Company shall execute and deliver to the Agent, and the Agent shall authenticate, execute on behalf of the Holder, and deliver in exchange therefor, a new Certificate at the cost of the Holder, evidencing the same number of Income PRIDES or Growth PRIDES, as the case may be, and bearing a Certificate number not contemporaneously outstanding. If there shall be delivered to the Company and the Agent (i) evidence to their satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft of any Certificate, and (ii) such security or indemnity at the cost of the Holder as may be required by them to hold each of them and any agent of any of them harmless, then, in the absence of notice to the Company or the Agent that such Certificate has been acquired by a bona fide purchaser, the Company shall execute and deliver to the Agent, and the Agent shall authenticate, execute on behalf of the Holder, and deliver to the Holder, in lieu of any such destroyed, lost or stolen Certificate, a new Certificate, evidencing the same number of Income PRIDES or Growth PRIDES, as the case may be, and bearing a Certificate number not contemporaneously outstanding. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company shall not be obligated to execute and deliver to the Agent, and the Agent shall not be obligated to authenticate, execute on behalf of the Holder, and deliver to the Holder, a Certificate on or after the Business Day immediately preceding the earlier of the Purchase Contract 27 35 Settlement Date or the Termination Date. In lieu of delivery of a new Certificate, upon satisfaction of the applicable conditions specified above in this Section and receipt of appropriate registration or transfer instructions from such Holder, the Agent shall (i) if the Purchase Contract Settlement Date has occurred, deliver the shares of Common Stock issuable in respect of the Purchase Contracts forming a part of the Securities evidenced by such Certificate, or (ii) if a Termination Event shall have occurred prior to the Purchase Contract Settlement Date, transfer the Preferred Securities, the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio or the Treasury Securities, as the case may be, evidenced thereby, in each case subject to the applicable conditions and in accordance with the applicable provisions of Article Five hereof. Upon the issuance of any new Certificate under this Section, the Company and the Agent may require the payment by the Holder of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in relation thereto and any other expenses (including the fees and expenses of the Agent) connected therewith. Every new Certificate issued pursuant to this Section in lieu of any destroyed, lost or stolen Certificate shall constitute an original additional contractual obligation of the Company and of the Holder in respect of the Security evidenced thereby, whether or not the destroyed, lost or stolen Certificate (and the Securities evidenced thereby) shall be at any time enforceable by anyone, and shall be entitled to all the benefits and be subject to all the obligations of this Agreement equally and proportionately with any and all other Certificates delivered hereunder. The provisions of this Section are exclusive and shall preclude (to the extent lawful) all other rights and remedies with respect to the replacement or payment of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Certificates. Section 3.11. Persons Deemed Owners. Prior to due presentment of a Certificate for registration of transfer, the Company and the Agent, and any agent of the Company or the Agent, may treat the Person in whose name such Certificate is registered as the owner of the Income PRIDES or Growth PRIDES evidenced thereby, for the purpose of receiving distributions on the Preferred Securities or on the maturing quarterly interest strips of the Treasury Portfolio, as applicable, receiving payments of Contract Adjustment Payments, performance of the Purchase Contracts and for all other purposes whatso- 28 36 ever, whether or not any distributions on the Preferred Securities or the Contract Adjustment Payments payable in respect of the Purchase Contracts constituting a part of the Income PRIDES or Growth PRIDES evidenced thereby shall be overdue and notwithstanding any notice to the contrary, and neither the Company nor the Agent, nor any agent of the Company or the Agent, shall be affected by notice to the contrary. Notwithstanding the foregoing, with respect to any Global Certificate, nothing herein shall prevent the Company, the Agent or any agent of the Company or the Agent, from giving effect to any written certification, proxy or other authorization furnished by any Clearing Agency (or its nominee), as a Holder, with respect to such Global Certificate or impair, as between such Clearing Agency and owners of beneficial interests in such Global Certificate, the operation of customary practices governing the exercise of rights of such Clearing Agency (or its nominee) as Holder of such Global Certificate. Section 3.12. Cancellation. All Certificates surrendered for delivery of shares of Common Stock on or after the Purchase Contract Settlement Date, upon the transfer of Preferred Securities, the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio or Treasury Securities, as the case may be, after the occurrence of a Termination Event or pursuant to an Early Settlement, or upon the registration of a transfer or exchange of a Security, or a Collateral Substitution or the re-establishment of an Income PRIDES shall, if surrendered to any Person other than the Agent, be delivered to the Agent and, if not already cancelled, shall be promptly cancelled by it. The Company may at any time deliver to the Agent for cancellation any Certificates previously authenticated, executed and delivered hereunder which the Company may have acquired in any manner whatsoever, and all Certificates so delivered shall, upon Issuer Order, be promptly cancelled by the Agent. No Certificates shall be authenticated, executed on behalf of the Holder and delivered in lieu of or in exchange for any Certificates cancelled as provided in this Section, except as expressly permitted by this Agreement. All cancelled Certificates held by the Agent shall be destroyed by the Agent unless otherwise directed by Issuer Order. If the Company or any Affiliate of the Company shall acquire any Certificate, such acquisition shall not operate as a cancellation of such Certificate unless and until such Certificate is delivered to the Agent cancelled or for cancellation. 29 37 Section 3.13. Substitution of Securities. A Holder may separate the Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, as applicable, from the related Purchase Contracts in respect of an Income PRIDES by substituting for such Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, Treasury Securities in an aggregate principal amount equal to the aggregate Stated Amount of such Preferred Securities or for the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest (as specified in clause (A) of the definition of such term) of the Treasury Portfolio, as applicable (a "Collateral Substitution"), at any time from and after the date of this Agreement and on or prior to the fifth Business Day immediately preceding the Purchase Contract Settlement Date in the case of the Preferred Securities and on or prior to the second Business Day immediately preceding the Purchase Contract Settlement Date in the case of the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, in each case by (a) depositing with the Collateral Agent Treasury Securities having an aggregate principal amount equal to the aggregate Stated Amount of the Preferred Securities comprising part of such Income PRIDES or for the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest (as specified in clause (A) of the definition of such term) of the Treasury Portfolio comprising part of such Income PRIDES, as the case may be, and (b) transferring the related Income PRIDES to the Agent accompanied by a notice to the Agent, substantially in the form of Exhibit D hereto, stating that the Holder has transferred the relevant amount of Treasury Securities to the Collateral Agent and requesting that the Agent instruct the Collateral Agent to release the Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, underlying such Income PRIDES, whereupon the Agent shall promptly give such instruction to the Collateral Agent, substantially in the form of Exhibit C hereto. Upon receipt of the Treasury Securities described in clause (a) above and the instruction described in clause (b) above, in accordance with the terms of the Pledge Agreement, the Collateral Agent will release to the Agent, on behalf of the Holder, Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, having a corresponding aggregate Stated Amount of such Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest (as specified in clause (A) of the definition of such term) of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, from the Pledge, free and clear of the Company's security interest therein, and upon receipt thereof the Agent shall promptly: (i) cancel the related Income PRIDES; 30 38 (ii) transfer the Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, to the Holder; and (iii) authenticate, execute on behalf of such Holder and deliver a Growth PRIDES Certificate executed by the Company in accordance with Section 3.3 evidencing the same number of Purchase Contracts as were evidenced by the cancelled Income PRIDES. Holders who elect to separate the Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, from the related Purchase Contract and to substitute Treasury Securities for such Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, shall be responsible for any fees or expenses payable to the Collateral Agent for its services as Collateral Agent in respect of the substitution, and the Company shall not be responsible for any such fees or expenses. Holders may make Collateral Substitutions (i) only in integral multiples of 20 Income PRIDES if Preferred Securities are being substituted by Treasury Securities, or (ii) only in integral multiples of 32,000 Income PRIDES if the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interests of the Treasury Portfolio are being substituted by Treasury Securities. In the event a Holder making a Collateral Substitution pursuant to this Section 3.13 fails to effect a book-entry transfer of the Income PRIDES or fails to deliver an Income PRIDES Certificate(s) to the Agent after depositing Treasury Securities with the Collateral Agent, the Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, constituting a part of such Income PRIDES, and any distributions on such Preferred Security or the Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, shall be held in the name of the Agent or its nominee in trust for the benefit of such Holder, until such Income PRIDES is so transferred or the Income PRIDES Certificate is so delivered, as the case may be, or, with respect to an Income PRIDES Certificate, such Holder provides evidence satisfactory to the Company and the Agent that such Income PRIDES Certificate has been destroyed, lost or stolen, together with any indemnity that may be required by the Agent and the Company. Except as described in this Section 3.13, for so long as the Purchase Contract underlying an Income PRIDES remains in effect, such Income PRIDES shall not be 31 39 separable into its constituent parts, and the rights and obligations of the Holder in respect of the Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, and Purchase Contract comprising such Income PRIDES may be acquired, and may be transferred and exchanged, only as an Income PRIDES. Section 3.14. Reestablishment of Income PRIDES. A Holder of a Growth PRIDES may recreate Income PRIDES at any time (i) on or prior to the fifth Business Day immediately preceding the Purchase Contract Settlement Date, if a Tax Event Redemption has not occurred, and (ii) on or prior to the second Business Day immediately preceding the Purchase Contract Settlement Date, if a Tax Event Redemption has occurred, in each case by (a) depositing with the Collateral Agent Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, having an aggregate Stated Amount in the case of the Preferred Securities, or an appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest (as defined in clause (A) of the definition of such term) of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, equal to the aggregate principal amount of the Treasury Securities comprising part of the Growth PRIDES and (b) transferring the related Growth PRIDES to the Agent accompanied by a notice to the Agent, substantially in the form of Exhibit D hereto, stating that the Holder has transferred the relevant amount of Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, to the Collateral Agent and requesting that the Agent instruct the Collateral Agent to release the Treasury Securities underlying such Growth PRIDES, whereupon the Agent shall promptly give such instruction to the Collateral Agent, substantially in the form of Exhibit C hereto. Upon receipt of the Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, described in clause (a) above and the instruction described in clause (b) above, in accordance with the terms of the Pledge Agreement, the Collateral Agent will effect the release of the Treasury Securities having a corresponding aggregate principal amount from the Pledge to the Agent free and clear of the Company's security interest therein, and upon receipt thereof the Agent shall promptly: (i) cancel the related Growth PRIDES; (ii) transfer the Treasury Securities to the Holder; and 32 40 (iii) authenticate, execute on behalf of such Holder and deliver an Income PRIDES Certificate executed by the Company in accordance with Section 3.3 evidencing the same number of Purchase Contracts as were evidenced by the cancelled Growth PRIDES. Holders of Growth PRIDES may reestablish Income PRIDES in integral multiples of 20 Growth PRIDES for 20 Income PRIDES if a Tax Event Redemption has not occurred, and in integral multiples of 32,000 Growth PRIDES for 32,000 Income PRIDES if a Tax Event Redemption has occurred. Except as provided in this Section 3.14, for so long as the Purchase Contract underlying a Growth PRIDES remains in effect, such Growth PRIDES shall not be separable into its constituent parts and the rights and obligations of the Holder of such Growth PRIDES in respect of the Treasury Security and Purchase Contract comprising such Growth PRIDES may be acquired, and may be transferred and exchanged only as a Growth PRIDES. Section 3.15. Transfer of Collateral upon Occurrence of Termination Event. Upon the occurrence of a Termination Event and the transfer to the Agent of the Preferred Securities, the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio or the Treasury Securities, as the case may be, underlying the Income PRIDES and the Growth PRIDES pursuant to the terms of the Pledge Agreement, the Agent shall request transfer instructions with respect to such Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio or Treasury Securities, as the case may be, from each Holder by written request mailed to such Holder at its address as it appears in the Income PRIDES Register or the Growth PRIDES Register, as the case may be. Upon book-entry transfer of the Income PRIDES or Growth PRIDES or delivery of an Income PRIDES Certificate or Growth PRIDES Certificate to the Agent with such transfer instructions, the Agent shall transfer the Preferred Securities, the Treasury Portfolio or Treasury Securities, as the case may be, underlying such Income PRIDES or Growth PRIDES, as the case may be, to such Holder by book-entry transfer, or other appropriate procedures, in accordance with such instructions. In the event a Holder of Income PRIDES or Growth PRIDES fails to effect such transfer or delivery, the Preferred Securities, the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio or Treasury Securities, as the case may be, underlying such Income PRIDES or Growth PRIDES, as the case may be, and any distributions thereon, shall be held in the name of the Agent or its nominee in trust for the benefit of such 33 41 Holder, until such Income PRIDES or Growth PRIDES are transferred or the Income PRIDES Certificate or Growth PRIDES Certificate is surrendered or such Holder provides satisfactory evidence that such Income PRIDES Certificate or Growth PRIDES Certificate has been destroyed, lost or stolen, together with any indemnity that may be required by the Agent and the Company. Section 3.16. No Consent to Assumption. Each Holder of a Security, by acceptance thereof, shall be deemed expressly to have withheld any consent to the assumption under Section 365 of the Bankruptcy Code or otherwise, of the Purchase Contract by the Company, receiver, liquidator or a person or entity performing similar functions, its trustee in the event that the Company becomes the debtor under the Bankruptcy Code or subject to other similar state or federal law providing for reorganization or liquidation. ARTICLE IV The Preferred Securities Section 4.1. Payment of Distribution; Rights to Distributions Preserved; Distribution Rate Reset; Notice. A distribution on any Preferred Security or on the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest in the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, which is paid on any Payment Date shall, subject to receipt thereof by the Agent from the Collateral Agent as provided by the terms of the Pledge Agreement, be paid to the Person in whose name the Income PRIDES Certificate (or one or more Predecessor Income PRIDES Certificates) of which such Preferred Security or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, is a part is registered at the close of business on the Record Date for such Payment Date. Each Income PRIDES Certificate evidencing Preferred Securities delivered under this Agreement upon registration of transfer of or in exchange for or in lieu of any other Income PRIDES Certificate shall carry the rights to distributions accrued and unpaid, and to accrue distributions, which were carried by the Preferred Securities underlying such other Income PRIDES Certificate. 34 42 In the case of any Income PRIDES with respect to which Cash Settlement of the underlying Purchase Contract is effected on the Business Day immediately preceding the Purchase Contract Settlement Date pursuant to prior notice, or with respect to which Early Settlement of the underlying Purchase Contract is effected on a Early Settlement Date, or with respect to which a Collateral Substitution is effected, in each case on a date that is after any Record Date and on or prior to the next succeeding Payment Date, distributions on the Preferred Securities or on the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, underlying such Income PRIDES otherwise payable on such Payment Date shall be payable on such Payment Date notwithstanding such Cash Settlement or Early Settlement or Collateral Substitution, and such distributions shall, subject to receipt thereof by the Agent, be payable to the Person in whose name the Income PRIDES Certificate (or one or more Predecessor Income PRIDES Certificates) was registered at the close of business on the Record Date. Except as otherwise expressly provided in the immediately preceding sentence, in the case of any Income PRIDES with respect to which Cash Settlement or Early Settlement of the underlying Purchase Contract is effected on the Business Day immediately preceding the Purchase Contract Settlement Date or an Early Settlement Date, as the case may be, or with respect to which a Collateral Substitution has been effected, distributions on the related Preferred Securities or on the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, that would otherwise be payable after the Purchase Contract Settlement Date or Early Settlement Date shall not be payable hereunder to the Holder of such Income PRIDES; provided, however, that to the extent that such Holder continues to hold the separated Preferred Securities that formerly comprised a part of such Holder's Income PRIDES, such Holder shall be entitled to receive the distributions on such separated Preferred Securities. The applicable Coupon Rate on the Preferred Securities on and after the Purchase Contract Settlement Date will be reset on the third Business Day immediately preceding the Purchase Contract Settlement Date to the Reset Rate (such Reset Rate to be in effect on and after the purchase Contract Settlement Date). On the Reset Announcement Date the Reset Spread and the Two-Year Benchmark Treasury to be used to determine the Reset Rate will be announced by the Company. On the Business Day immediately following the Reset Announcement Date, the Preferred Securities Holders will be notified of such Reset Spread and Two-Year Benchmark Treasury by the Company. Such notice shall be sufficiently given to Holders of Preferred Securities if published in an Authorized Newspaper in The City of New York. 35 43 Not later than 7 calendar days nor more than 15 calendar days prior to the Reset Announcement Date, the Company will notify the DTC or its nominee (or any successor Clearing Agency or its nominee) by first-class mail, postage prepaid, to notify the Beneficial Owners or Clearing Agency Participants holding Income PRIDES or Growth PRIDES, of such Reset Announcement Date and the procedures to be followed by such Holders of Income PRIDES who intend to settle their obligation under the Purchase Contract with separate cash on the Purchase Contract Settlement Date. Section 4.2. Notice and Voting. Under the terms of the Pledge Agreement, the Agent will be entitled to exercise the voting and any other consensual rights pertaining to the Preferred Securities pledged with the Collateral Agent but only to the extent instructed by the Holders as described below. Upon receipt of notice of any meeting at which holders of Preferred Securities are entitled to vote or upon any solicitation of consents, waivers or proxies of holders of Preferred Securities, the Agent shall, as soon as practicable thereafter, mail to the Holders of Income PRIDES a notice (a) containing such information as is contained in the notice or solicitation, (b) stating that each Holder on the record date set by the Agent therefor (which, to the extent possible, shall be the same date as the record date for determining the holders of Preferred Securities entitled to vote) shall be entitled to instruct the Agent as to the exercise of the voting rights pertaining to the Preferred Securities underlying their Income PRIDES and (c) stating the manner in which such instructions may be given. Upon the written request of the Holders of Income PRIDES on such record date, the Agent shall endeavor insofar as practicable to vote or cause to be voted, in accordance with the instructions set forth in such requests, the maximum number of Preferred Securities as to which any particular voting instructions are received. In the absence of specific instructions from the Holder of an Income PRIDES, the Agent shall abstain from voting the Preferred Security underlying such Income PRIDES. The Company hereby agrees, if applicable, to solicit Holders of Income PRIDES to timely instruct the Agent in order to enable the Agent to vote such Preferred Securities and the Trust shall covenant to such effect in the Declaration. Section 4.3. Distribution of Debentures; Tax Event Redemption Upon the occurrence of an Investment Company Event or a liquidation of the Trust in accordance with the Declaration, a principal amount of Debentures constituting the assets of the Trust and underlying the Preferred Securities equal to the 36 44 aggregate Stated Amount of the Pledged Preferred Securities shall be delivered to the Collateral Agent in exchange for the Pledged Preferred Securities. Thereafter, the Debentures will be substituted for the Pledged Preferred Securities, and will be held by the Collateral Agent in accordance with the terms of the Pledge Agreement to secure the obligations of each Holder of an Income PRIDES to purchase the Common Stock of the Company under the Purchase Contracts constituting a part of such Income PRIDES. Following the occurrence of an Investment Company Event or a liquidation of the Trust, the Holders and the Collateral Agent shall have such security interests, rights and obligations with respect to the Debentures as the Holders and the Collateral Agent had in respect of the Preferred Securities subject to the Pledge thereof as provided in Articles II, III, IV, V and VI of the Pledge Agreement, and any reference herein to the Preferred Securities shall be deemed to be a reference to such Debentures. The Company may cause to be made in any Income PRIDES Certificates thereafter to be issued such change in phraseology and form (but not in substance) as may be appropriate to reflect the liquidation of the Trust and the substitution of Debentures for Preferred Securities as Collateral. Upon the occurrence of a Tax Event Redemption prior to the Purchase Contract Settlement Date, the Redemption Price payable on the Tax Event Redemption Date with respect to the Applicable Principle Amount of Debentures shall be delivered to the Collateral Agent in exchange for the Pledged Preferred Securities. Thereafter, pursuant to the terms of the Pledge Agreement, the Collateral Agent will apply an amount equal to the Redemption Amount of such Redemption Price to purchase on behalf of the Holders of Income PRIDES the Treasury Portfolio and promptly remit the remaining portion of such Redemption Price to the Agent for payment to the Holders of such Income PRIDES. The Treasury Portfolio will be substituted for the Pledged Preferred Securities, and will be held by the Collateral Agent in accordance with the terms of the Pledge Agreement to secure the obligation of each Holder of an Income PRIDES to purchase the Common Stock of the Company under the Purchase Contract constituting a part of such Income PRIDES. Following the occurrence of a Tax Event Redemption prior to the Purchase Contract Settlement Date, the Holders of Income PRIDES and the Collateral Agent shall have such security interests, rights and obligations with respect to the Treasury Portfolio as the Holder of Income PRIDES and the Collateral Agent had in respect of the Preferred Security or Debentures, as the case may be, subject to the Pledge thereof as provided in Articles II, III, IV, V, and VI of the Pledge Agreement, and any reference herein to the Preferred Security or the Debenture shall be deemed to be reference to such Treasury Portfolio. The Company may cause to be made in any Income PRIDES Certificates thereafter to be issued such change in phraseology and 37 45 form (but not in substance) as may be appropriate to reflect the liquidation of the Trust and the substitution of the Treasury Portfolio for Preferred Securities or Debentures as collateral. ARTICLE V The Purchase Contracts Section 5.1. Purchase of Shares of Common Stock. Each Purchase Contract shall, unless an Early Settlement has occurred in accordance with Section 5.9 hereof, obligate the Holder of the related Security to purchase, and the Company to sell, on the Purchase Contract Settlement Date at a price equal to the Stated Amount (the "Purchase Price"), a number of newly issued shares of Common Stock equal to the Settlement Rate unless, on or prior to the Purchase Contract Settlement Date, there shall have occurred a Termination Event with respect to the Security of which such Purchase Contract is a part. The "Settlement Rate" is equal to (a) if the Applicable Market Value (as defined below) is equal to or greater than $_____ (the "Threshold Appreciation Price"), _____ shares of Common Stock per Purchase Contract, (b) if the Applicable Market Value is less than the Threshold Appreciation Price, but is greater than $_____, the number of shares of Common Stock equal to the Stated Amount divided by the Applicable Market Value and (c) if the Applicable Market Value is less than or equal to $_____, _____ shares of Common Stock per Purchase Contract, in each case subject to adjustment as provided in Section 5.6 (and in each case rounded upward or downward to the nearest 1/10,000th of a share). As provided in Section 5.10, no fractional shares of Common Stock will be issued upon settlement of Purchase Contracts. The "Applicable Market Value" means the average of the Closing Price per share of Common Stock on each of the 20 consecutive Trading Days ending on the third Trading Day immediately preceding the Purchase Contract Settlement Date. The "Closing Price" of the Common Stock on any date of determination means the closing sale price (or, if no closing price is reported, the last reported sale price) of the Common Stock on the New York Stock Exchange (the "NYSE") on such date or, if the Common Stock is not listed for trading on the NYSE on any such date, as reported in the composite transactions for the principal United States securities 38 46 exchange on which the Common Stock is so listed, or if the Common Stock is not so listed on a United States national or regional securities exchange, as reported by The Nasdaq Stock Market, or, if the Common Stock is not so reported, the last quoted bid price for the Common Stock in the over-the-counter market as reported by the National Quotation Bureau or similar organization, or, if such bid price is not available, the market value of the Common Stock on such date as determined by a nationally recognized independent investment banking firm retained for this purpose by the Company. A "Trading Day" means a day on which the Common Stock (A) is not suspended from trading on any national or regional securities exchange or association or over-the-counter market at the close of business and (B) has traded at least once on the national or regional securities exchange or association or over-the-counter market that is the primary market for the trading of the Common Stock. Each Holder of an Income PRIDES or a Growth PRIDES, by its acceptance thereof, irrevocably authorizes the Agent to enter into and perform the related Purchase Contract on its behalf as its attorney-in-fact (including the execution of Certificates on behalf of such Holder), agrees to be bound by the terms and provisions thereof, covenants and agrees to perform its obligations under such Purchase Contracts, and consents to the provisions hereof, irrevocably authorizes the Agent as its attorney-in-fact to enter into and perform the Pledge Agreement on its behalf as its attorney-in-fact, and consents to and agrees to be bound by the Pledge of the Preferred Securities, the Treasury Portfolio or the Treasury Securities pursuant to the Pledge Agreement; provided that upon a Termination Event, the rights of the Holder of such Security under the Purchase Contract may be enforced without regard to any other rights or obligations. Each Holder of an Income PRIDES or a Growth PRIDES, by its acceptance thereof, further covenants and agrees, that, to the extent and in the manner provided in Section 5.4 and the Pledge Agreement, but subject to the terms thereof, payments in respect of the Stated Amount of the Preferred Securities or the Proceeds of the Treasury Securities or the Treasury Portfolio on the Purchase Contract Settlement Date shall be paid by the Collateral Agent to the Company in satisfaction of such Holder's obligations under such Purchase Contract and such Holder shall acquire no right, title or interest in such payments. Upon registration of transfer of a Certificate, the transferee shall be bound (without the necessity of any other action on the part of such transferee), under the terms of this Agreement, the Purchase Contracts underlying such Certificate and the Pledge Agreement and the transferor shall be released from the obligations under this Agreement, the Purchase Contracts underlying the Certificates so transferred and 39 47 the Pledge Agreement. The Company covenants and agrees, and each Holder of a Certificate, by its acceptance thereof, likewise covenants and agrees, to be bound by the provisions of this paragraph. Section 5.2. Contract Adjustment Payments. Subject to Section 5.3 herein, the Company shall pay, on each Payment Date, the Contract Adjustment Payments payable in respect of each Purchase Contract to the Person in whose name a Certificate (or one or more Predecessor Certificates) is registered at the close of business on the Record Date next preceding such Payment Date. The Contract Adjustment Payments will be payable at the office of the Agent in The City of New York maintained for that purpose or, at the option of the Company, by check mailed to the address of the Person entitled thereto at such Person's address as it appears on the Income PRIDES Register or Growth PRIDES Register. Upon the occurrence of a Termination Event, the Company's obligation to pay Contract Adjustment Payments (including any accrued or Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments) shall cease. Each Certificate delivered under this Agreement upon registration of transfer of or in exchange for or in lieu of (including as a result of a Collateral Substitution or the re-establishment of an Income PRIDES) any other Certificate shall carry the rights to Contract Adjustment Payments accrued and unpaid, and to accrue Contract Adjustment Payments, which were carried by the Purchase Contracts underlying such other Certificates. Subject to Section 5.9, in the case of any Security with respect to which Early Settlement of the underlying Purchase Contract is effected on an Early Settlement Date that is after any Record Date and on or prior to the next succeeding Payment Date, Contract Adjustment Payments, if any, otherwise payable on such Payment Date shall be payable on such Payment Date notwithstanding such Early Settlement, and such Contract Adjustment Payments shall be paid to the Person in whose name the Certificate evidencing such Security (or one or more Predecessor Certificates) is registered at the close of business on such Record Date. Except as otherwise expressly provided in the immediately preceding sentence, in the case of any Security with respect to which Early Settlement of the underlying Purchase Contract is effected on an Early Settlement Date, Contract Adjustment Payments that 40 48 would otherwise be payable after the Early Settlement Date with respect to such Purchase Contract shall not be payable. The Company's obligations with respect to Contract Adjustment Payments, will be subordinated and junior in right of payment to the Company's obligations under any Senior Indebtedness. Section 5.3. Deferral of Payment Dates For Contract Adjustment Payments. The Company shall have the right, at any time prior to the Purchase Contract Settlement Date, to defer the payment of any or all of the Contract Adjustment Payments otherwise payable on any Payment Date, but only if the Company shall give the Holders and the Agent written notice of its election to defer such payment (specifying the amount to be deferred) at least ten Business Days prior to the earlier of (i) the next succeeding Payment Date or (ii) the date the Company is required to give notice of the Record Date or Payment Date with respect to payment of such Contract Adjustment Payments to the New York Stock Exchange or other applicable self-regulatory organization or to Holders of the Securities, but in any event not less than one Business Day prior to such Record Date. Any Contract Adjustment Payments so deferred shall bear additional Contract Adjustment Payments thereon at the rate of ____% per annum (computed on the basis of 360 day year of twelve 30 day months), compounding on each succeeding Payment Date, until paid in full (such deferred installments of Contract Adjustment Payments together with the additional Contract Adjustment Payments accrued thereon, being referred to herein as the "Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments"). Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments shall be due on the next succeeding Payment Date except to the extent that payment is deferred pursuant to this Section. No Contract Adjustment Payments may be deferred to a date that is after the Purchase Contract Settlement Date. If the Purchase Contracts are terminated upon the occurrence of a Termination Event, the Holder's right to receive Contract Adjustment Payments and Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments will terminate. In the event that the Company elects to defer the payment of Contract Adjustment Payments on the Purchase Contracts until the Purchase Contract Settlement Date, each Holder will receive on the Purchase Contract Settlement Date in lieu of a cash payment a number of shares of Common Stock (in addition to a number of shares of Common Stock equal to the Settlement Rate) equal to (x) the aggregate amount of Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments payable to such Holder divided by (y) the Applicable Market Value. 41 49 In the event the Company exercises its option to defer the payment of Contract Adjustment Payments, then, until the Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments have been paid, the Company shall not declare or pay dividends on, make distributions with respect to, or redeem, purchase or acquire, or make a liquidation payment with respect to, any of its capital stock or make guarantee payments with respect to the foregoing (other than (i) purchases or acquisitions of shares of capital stock of the Company in connection with the satisfaction by the Company of its obligations under any employee or agent benefit plans or the satisfaction by the Company of its obligations pursuant to any contract or security outstanding on the date of such event requiring the Company to purchase capital stock of the Company, (ii) as a result of a reclassification of the Company's capital stock or the exchange or conversion of one class or series of the Company's capital stock for another class or series of the Company's capital stock, (iii) the purchase of fractional interests in shares of the Company's capital stock pursuant to the conversion or exchange provisions of such capital stock or the security being converted or exchanged, (iv) dividends or distributions in capital stock of the Company (or rights to acquire capital stock) or repurchases or redemptions of capital stock solely from the issuance or exchange of capital stock or (v) redemptions or repurchases of any rights outstanding under a shareholder rights plan and the declaration thereunder of a dividend of rights in the future). No fractional shares of Common Stock will be issued by the Company with respect to the payment of Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments on the Purchase Contract Settlement Date. In lieu of fractional shares otherwise issuable with respect to such payment of Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments, the Holder will be entitled to receive an amount in cash as provided in Section 5.10. Section 5.4. Payment of Purchase Price. (a)(i) Unless a Tax Event Redemption has occurred or a Holder settles the underlying Purchase Contract through the early delivery of cash to the Purchase Contract Agent in the manner described in Section 5.9, each Holder of an Income PRIDES must notify the Agent by use of a notice in substantially the form of Exhibit E hereto of its intention to pay in cash ("Cash Settlement") the Purchase Price for the shares of Common Stock to be purchased pursuant to a Purchase Contract. Such notice shall be made on or prior to 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on the fifth Business Day immediately preceding the Purchase Contract Settlement Date. The Agent shall promptly notify the Collateral Agent of the receipt of such a notice from a Holder intending to make a Cash Settlement. 42 50 (ii) A Holder of an Income PRIDES who has so notified the Agent of its intention to make a Cash Settlement is required to pay the Purchase Price to the Collateral Agent prior to 11:00 a.m., New York City time, on the Business Day immediately preceding the Purchase Contract Settlement Date in lawful money of the United States by certified or cashiers' check or wire transfer, in each case in immediately available funds payable to or upon the order of the Company. Any cash received by the Collateral Agent will be invested promptly by the Collateral Agent in Permitted Investments and paid to the Company on the Purchase Contract Settlement Date in settlement of the Purchase Contract in accordance with the terms of this Agreement and the Pledge Agreement. Any funds received by the Collateral Agent in respect of the investment earnings from the investment in such Permitted Investments, will be distributed to the Agent when received for payment to the Holder. (iii) If a Holder of an Income PRIDES fails to notify the Agent of its intention to make a Cash Settlement in accordance with paragraph (a)(i) above, such failure shall constitute an event of default and the Holder shall be deemed to have consented to the disposition of the pledged Preferred Securities pursuant to the Remarketing as described in paragraph (b) below. If a Holder of an Income PRIDES does notify the Agent as provided in paragraph (a)(i) above of its intention to pay the Purchase Price in cash, but fails to make such payment as required by paragraph (a)(ii) above, such failure shall also constitute a default; however, the Preferred Securities of such a Holder will not be remarketed but instead the Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the Company, will exercise its rights as a secured party with respect to such Preferred Securities, including those rights specified in paragraph (c) below. (b) In order to dispose of the Preferred Securities of Income PRIDES Holders who have not notified the Agent of their intention to effect a Cash Settlement as provided in paragraph (a)(i) above, the Company shall engage a nationally recognized investment bank (the "Remarketing Agent") pursuant to the Remarketing Agreement to sell such Preferred Securities. In order to facilitate the remarketing, the Agent shall notify, by 10:00 a.m., New York City time, on the fourth Business Day immediately preceding the Purchase Contract Settlement Date, the Remarketing Agent of the aggregate number of Preferred Securities to be remarketed. Concurrently, the Collateral Agent, pursuant to the terms of the Pledge Agreement, will present for remarketing such Preferred Securities to the Remarketing Agent. Upon receipt of such notice from the Agent and such Preferred Securities from the 43 51 Collateral Agent, the Remarketing Agent will, on the third Business Day immediately preceding the Purchase Contract Settlement Date, use its reasonable efforts to remarket such Preferred Securities on such date at a price of approximately 100.5% (but not less than 100%) of the aggregate stated liquidation amount of such Preferred Securities, plus accrued and unpaid distributions (including deferred distributions), if any, thereon. After deducting as the remarketing fee ("Remarketing Fee") an amount not exceeding 25 basis points (.25%) of the aggregate stated liquidation amount of the remarketed Preferred Securities from any amount of such proceeds in excess of the aggregate stated liquidation amount of the remarketed Preferred Securities plus accrued and unpaid distributions (including any deferred distributions), if any, then the Remarketing Agent will remit the entire amount of the proceeds from such remarketing to the Collateral Agent. Such portion of the proceeds, equal to the aggregate stated liquidation amount of such Preferred Securities, will automatically be applied by the Collateral Agent, in accordance with the Pledge Agreement to satisfy in full such Income PRIDES holders' obligations to pay the Purchase Price for the Common Stock under the related Purchase Contracts on the Purchase Contract Settlement Date. Any proceeds in excess of those required to pay the Purchase Price and the Remarketing Fee will be remitted to the Agent for payment to the Holders of the related Income PRIDES. Income PRIDES Holders whose Preferred Securities are so remarketed will not otherwise be responsible for the payment of any Remarketing Fee in connection therewith. If, in spite of using its reasonable efforts, the Remarketing Agent cannot remarket the related Preferred Securities of such Holders of Income PRIDES at a price not less then 100% of the aggregate stated liquidation amount of such Preferred Securities plus accrued and unpaid distributions (including deferred distributions), if any, the remarketing will be deemed to have failed (a "Failed Remarketing") and in accordance with the terms of the Pledge Agreement the Collateral Agent for the benefit of the Company will exercise its rights as a secured party with respect to such Preferred Securities, including those actions specified in paragraph (c) below; provided, that if upon a Failed Remarketing the Collateral Agent exercises such rights for the benefit of the Company with respect to such Preferred Securities, any accrued and unpaid distributions (including any deferred distributions) on such Preferred Securities will become payable by the Company to the Agent for payment to the Beneficial Owner of the Income PRIDES to which such Preferred Securities relates. Such payment will be made by the Company on or prior to 11 a.m. New York City time on the Purchase Contract Settlement Date in lawful money of the United States by certified or cashiers' check or wire transfer in immediately available funds payable to or upon the order of the Agent. The Company will cause a notice of such Failed Remarketing to be published on the Second Business Day immediately preceding the 44 52 Purchase Contract Settlement Date in a daily newspaper in the English language of general circulation in The City of New York, which is expected to be The Wall Street Journal. (c) With respect to any Preferred Securities beneficially owned by Holders who have elected Cash Settlement but failed to deliver cash as required in (a)(ii) above, or with respect to Preferred Securities which are subject to a Failed Remarketing, the Collateral Agent for the benefit of the Company reserves all of its rights as a secured party with respect thereto and, subject to applicable law and paragraph (h) below, may, among other things, (i) retain the Preferred Securities in full satisfaction of the Holders obligations under the Purchase Contracts or (ii) sell the Preferred Securities in one or more public or private sales. (d)(i) Unless a Holder of Growth PRIDES or Income PRIDES (if a Tax Event Redemption has occurred) settles the underlying Purchase Contract through the early delivery of cash to the Purchase Contract Agent in the manner described in Section 5.9, each Holder of a Growth PRIDES or Income PRIDES (if a Tax Event Redemption has occurred) must notify the Agent by use of a notice in substantially the form of Exhibit E hereto of its intention to pay in cash the Purchase Price for the shares of Common Stock to be purchased pursuant to a Purchase Contract on or prior to 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on the second Business Day immediately preceding the Purchase Contract Settlement Date. (ii) A Holder of a Growth PRIDES or Income PRIDES (if a Tax Event Redemption has occurred) who has so notified the Agent of its intention to make a Cash Settlement in accordance with paragraph (d)(i) above is required to pay the Purchase Price to the Collateral Agent prior to 11:00 a.m., New York City time, on the Business Day immediately preceding the Purchase Contract Settlement Date in lawful money of the United States by certified or cashiers' check or wire transfer, in each case in immediately available funds payable to or upon the order of the Company. Any cash received by the Collateral Agent will be invested promptly by the Collateral Agent in Permitted Investments and paid to the Company on the Purchase Contract Settlement Date in settlement of the Purchase Contract in a accordance with the terms of this Agreement and the Pledge Agreement. Any funds received by the Collateral Agent in respect of the investment earnings from the investment in such Permitted Investments will be distributed to the Agent when received for payment to the Holder. 45 53 (iii) If a Holder of a Growth PRIDES fails to notify the Agent of its intention to make a Cash Settlement in accordance with paragraph (d)(i) above, or if a Holder of an Income PRIDES (if a Tax Event Redemption has occurred) does notify the Agent as provided in paragraph (d)(i) above its intention to pay the Purchase Price in cash, but fails to make such payment as required by paragraph (d)(ii) above, then upon the maturity of the Pledged Treasury Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, held by the Collateral Agent on the Business Day immediately prior to the Purchase Contract Settlement Date, the principal amount of the Treasury Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, received by the Collateral Agent will be invested promptly in overnight Permitted Investments. On the Purchase Contract Settlement Date an amount equal to the Purchase Price will be remitted to the Company as payment thereof without receiving any instructions from the Holder. In the event the sum of the proceeds from the related Pledged Treasury Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, and the investment earnings earned from such investments is in excess of the aggregate Purchase Price of the Purchase Contracts being settled thereby, the Collateral Agent will distribute such excess to the Agent for the benefit of the Holder of the related Growth PRIDES or Income PRIDES when received. (e) Any distribution to Holders of excess funds and interest described above, shall be payable at the office of the Agent in The City of New York maintained for that purpose or, at the option of the Holder, by check mailed to the address of the Person entitled thereto at such address as it appears on the Register. (f) Unless a Holder settles the underlying Purchase Contract through the early delivery of cash to the Purchase Contract Agent in the manner described herein, the Company shall not be obligated to issue any shares of Common Stock in respect of a Purchase Contract or deliver any certificate therefor to the Holder unless it shall have received payment in full of the Purchase Price for the shares of Common Stock to be purchased thereunder in the manner herein set forth. (g) Upon Cash Settlement of any Purchase Contract, (i) the Collateral Agent will in accordance with the terms of the Pledge Agreement cause the Pledged Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, or the Pledged Treasury Securities underlying the relevant Security to be released from the Pledge by the Collateral Agent free and 46 54 clear of any security interest of the Company and transferred to the Agent for delivery to the Holder thereof or its designee as soon as practicable and (ii) subject to the receipt thereof from the Collateral Agent, the Agent shall, by book-entry transfer, or other appropriate procedures, in accordance with instructions provided by the Holder thereof, transfer such Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, or such Treasury Securities (or, if no such instructions are given to the Agent by the Holder, the Agent shall hold such Preferred Securities or the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, or such Treasury Securities, and any distribution thereon, in the name of the Agent or its nominee in trust for the benefit of such Holder). (h) The obligations of the Holders to pay the Purchase Price are non-recourse obligations and are payable solely out of any Cash Settlement or the proceeds of any Collateral Pledged to secure the obligations of the Holders and in no event will Holders be liable for any deficiency between the proceeds of Collateral disposition and the Purchase Price. Section 5.5. Issuance of Shares of Common Stock. Unless a Termination Event shall have occurred on or prior to the Purchase Contract Settlement Date or an Early Settlement shall have occurred, on the Purchase Contract Settlement Date, upon its receipt of payment in full of the Purchase Price for the shares of Common Stock purchased by the Holders pursuant to the foregoing provisions of this Article and subject to Section 5.6(b), the Company shall issue and deposit with the Agent, for the benefit of the Holders of the Outstanding Securities, one or more certificates representing the newly issued shares of Common Stock registered in the name of the Agent (or its nominee) as custodian for the Holders (such certificates for shares of Common Stock, together with any dividends or distributions for which a record date and payment date for such dividend or distribution has occurred after the Purchase Contract Settlement Date, being hereinafter referred to as the "Purchase Contract Settlement Fund") to which the Holders are entitled hereunder. Subject to the foregoing, upon surrender of a Certificate to the Agent on or after the Purchase Contract Settlement Date, together with settlement instructions thereon duly completed and executed, the Holder of such Certificate shall be entitled to receive in exchange therefor a certificate representing that number of whole shares of Common Stock which such Holder is entitled to receive pursuant to the provisions of this Article Five (after taking into account all Securities then held by such Holder) together with cash in lieu of fractional shares as provided in Section 5.10 and any dividends or distributions with respect to such shares 47 55 constituting part of the Purchase Contract Settlement Fund, but without any interest thereon, and the Certificate so surrendered shall forthwith be cancelled. Such shares shall be registered in the name of the Holder or the Holder's designee as specified in the settlement instructions provided by the Holder to the Agent. If any shares of Common Stock issued in respect of a Purchase Contract are to be registered to a Person other than the Person in whose name the Certificate evidencing such Purchase Contract is registered, no such registration shall be made unless the Person requesting such registration has paid any transfer and other taxes required by reason of such registration in a name other than that of the registered Holder of the Certificate evidencing such Purchase Contract or has established to the satisfaction of the Company that such tax either has been paid or is not payable. Section 5.6. Adjustment of Settlement Rate. (a) Adjustments for Dividends, Distributions, Stock Splits, Etc. (1) In case the Company shall pay or make a dividend or other distribution on the Common Stock in Common Stock, the Settlement Rate, as defined in clause (a), (b) and (c) of Section 5.1, in effect at the opening of business on the day following the date fixed for the determination of stockholders entitled to receive such dividend or other distribution shall be increased by dividing such Settlement Rate, as defined in clause (a), (b) and (c) of Section 5.1, by a fraction of which the numerator shall be the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding at the close of business on the date fixed for such determination and the denominator shall be the sum of such number of shares and the total number of shares constituting such dividend or other distribution, such increase to become effective immediately after the opening of business on the day following the date fixed for such determination. For the purposes of this paragraph (1), the number of shares of Common Stock at time outstanding shall not include shares held in the treasury of the Company but shall include any shares issuable in respect of any scrip certificates issued in lieu of fractions of shares of Common Stock. The Company will not pay any dividend or make any distribution on shares of Common Stock held in the treasury of the Company. (2) In case the Company shall issue rights, options or warrants to all holders of its Common Stock (not being available on an equivalent basis to Holders of the Securities upon settlement of the Purchase Contracts underlying such Securities) entitling them, for a period expiring within 45 days after the record date for the determination of stockholders entitled to receive such rights, options or 48 56 warrants, to subscribe for or purchase shares of Common Stock at a price per share less than the Current Market Price per share of the Common Stock on the date fixed for the determination of stockholders entitled to receive such rights, options or warrants (other than pursuant to a dividend reinvestment plan), the Settlement Rate, as defined in clause (a), (b) and (c) of Section 5.1, in effect at the opening of business on the day following the date fixed for such determination shall be increased by dividing such Settlement Rate, as defined in clause (a), (b) and (c) of Section 5.1, by a fraction of which the numerator shall be the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding at the close of business on the date fixed for such determination plus the number of shares of Common Stock which the aggregate of the offering price of the total number of shares of Common Stock so offered for subscription or purchase would purchase at such Current Market Price and the denominator shall be the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding at the close of business on the date fixed for such determination plus the number of shares of Common Stock so offered for subscription or purchase, such increase to become effective immediately after the opening of business on the day following the date fixed for such determination. For the purposes of this paragraph (2), the number of shares of Common Stock at any time outstanding shall not include shares held in the treasury of the Company but shall include any shares issuable in respect of any scrip certificates issued in lieu of fractions of shares of Common Stock. The Company shall not issue any such rights, options or warrants in respect of shares of Common Stock held in the treasury of the Company. (3) In case outstanding shares of Common Stock shall be subdivided or split into a greater number of shares of Common Stock, the Settlement Rate, as defined in clause (a), (b) and (c) of Section 5.1, in effect at the opening of business on the day following the day upon which such subdivision or split becomes effective shall be proportionately increased, and, conversely, in case outstanding shares of Common Stock shall each be combined into a smaller number of shares of Common Stock, the Settlement Rate, as defined in clause (a), (b) and (c) of Section 5.1, in effect at the opening of business on the day following the day upon which such combination becomes effective shall be proportionately reduced, such increase or reduction, as the case may be, to become effective immediately after the opening of business on the day following the day upon which such subdivision, split or combination becomes effective. (4) In case the Company shall, by dividend or otherwise, distribute to all holders of its Common Stock evidences of its indebtedness or assets (including securities, but excluding any rights or warrants referred to in paragraph 49 57 (2) of this Section, any dividend or distribution paid exclusively in cash and any dividend or distribution referred to in paragraph (1) of this Section), the Settlement Rate, as defined in clause (a), (b) and (c) of Section 5.1, shall be adjusted so that the same shall equal the rate determined by dividing the Settlement Rate, as defined in clause (a), (b) and (c) of Section 5.1, in effect immediately prior to the close of business on the date fixed for the determination of stockholders entitled to receive such distribution by a fraction of which the numerator shall be the Current Market Price per share of the Common Stock on the date fixed for such determination less the then fair market value (as determined by the Board of Directors, whose determination shall be conclusive and described in a Board Resolution filed with the Agent) of the portion of the assets or evidences of indebtedness so distributed applicable to one share of Common Stock and the denominator shall be such Current Market Price per share of the Common Stock, such adjustment to become effective immediately prior to the opening of business on the day following the date fixed for the determination of stockholders entitled to receive such distribution. In any case in which this paragraph (4) is applicable, paragraph (2) of this Section shall not be applicable. (5) In case the Company shall, (I) by dividend or otherwise, distribute to all holders of its Common Stock cash (excluding any cash that is distributed in a Reorganization Event to which Section 5.6(b) applies or as part of a distribution referred to in paragraph (4) of this Section) in an aggregate amount that, combined together with (II) the aggregate amount of any other distributions to all holders of its Common Stock made exclusively in cash within the 12 months preceding the date of payment of such distribution and in respect of which no adjustment pursuant to this paragraph (5) or paragraph (6) of this Section has been made and (III) the aggregate of any cash plus the fair market value (as determined by the Board of Directors, whose determination shall be conclusive and described in a Board Resolution) of consideration payable in respect of any tender or exchange offer by the Company or any of its subsidiaries for all or any portion of the Common Stock concluded within the 12 months preceding the date of payment of the distribution described in clause (I) above and in respect of which no adjustment pursuant to this paragraph (5) or paragraph (6) of this Section has been made, exceeds 15% of the product of the Current Market Price per share of the Common Stock on the date for the determination of holders of shares of Common Stock entitled to receive such distribution times the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding on such date, then, and in each such case, immediately after the close of business on such date for determination, the Settlement Rate, as defined in clause (a), (b) and (c) of Section 5.1, shall be increased so that the same shall equal the rate determined by dividing the Settlement Rate, as defined in clause (a), (b) and (c) of Section 5.1, in effect 50 58 immediately prior to the close of business on the date fixed for determination of the stockholders entitled to receive such distribution by a fraction (i) the numerator of which shall be equal to the Current Market Price per share of the Common Stock on the date fixed for such determination less an amount equal to the quotient of (x) the combined amount distributed or payable in the transactions described in clauses (I), (II) and (III) above and (y) the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding on such date for determination and (ii) the denominator of which shall be equal to the Current Market Price per share of the Common Stock on such date for determination. (6) In case (I) a tender or exchange offer made by the Company or any subsidiary of the Company for all or any portion of the Common Stock shall expire and such tender or exchange offer (as amended upon the expiration thereof) shall require the payment to stockholders (based on the acceptance (up to any maximum specified in the terms of the tender or exchange offer) of Purchased Shares) of an aggregate consideration having a fair market value (as determined by the Board of Directors, whose determination shall be conclusive and described in a Board Resolution) that combined together with (II) the aggregate of the cash plus the fair market value (as determined by the Board of Directors, whose determination shall be conclusive and described in a Board Resolution), as of the expiration of such tender or exchange offer, of consideration payable in respect of any other tender or exchange offer, by the Company or any subsidiary of the Company for all or any portion of the Common Stock expiring within the 12 months preceding the expiration of such tender or exchange offer and in respect of which no adjustment pursuant to paragraph (5) of this Section or this paragraph (6) has been made and (III) the aggregate amount of any distributions to all holders of the Company's Common Stock made exclusively in cash within the 12 months preceding the expiration of such tender or exchange offer and in respect of which no adjustment pursuant to paragraph (5) of this Section or this paragraph (6) has been made, exceeds 15% of the product of the Current Market Price per share of the Common Stock as of the last time (the "Expiration Time") tenders could have been made pursuant to such tender or exchange offer (as it may be amended) times the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding (including any tendered shares) on the Expiration Time, then, and in each such case, immediately prior to the opening of business on the day after the date of the Expiration Time, the Settlement Rate, as defined in clause (a), (b) and (c) of Section 5.1, shall be adjusted so that the same shall equal the rate determined by dividing the Settlement Rate, as defined in clause (a), (b) and (c) of Section 5.1, immediately prior to the close of business on the date of the Expiration Time by a fraction (i) the numerator of which shall be equal to (A) the product of (I) the 51 59 Current Market Price per share of the Common Stock on the date of the Expiration Time and (II) the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding (including any tendered shares) on the Expiration Time less (B) the amount of cash plus the fair market value (determined as aforesaid) of the aggregate consideration payable to stockholders based on the transactions described in clauses (I), (II) and (III) above (assuming in the case of clause (I) the acceptance, up to any maximum specified in the terms of the tender or exchange offer, of Purchased Shares), and (ii) the denominator of which shall be equal to the product of (A) the Current Market Price per share of the Common Stock as of the Expiration Time and (B) the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding (including any tendered shares) as of the Expiration Time less the number of all shares validly tendered and not withdrawn as of the Expiration Time (the shares deemed so accepted, up to any such maximum, being referred to as the "Purchased Shares"). (7) The reclassification of Common Stock into securities including securities other than Common Stock (other than any reclassification upon a Reorganization Event to which Section 5.6(b) applies) shall be deemed to involve (a) a distribution of such securities other than Common Stock to all holders of Common Stock (and the effective date of such reclassification shall be deemed to be "the date fixed for the determination of stockholders entitled to receive such distribution" and the "date fixed for such determination" within the meaning of paragraph (4) of this Section), and (b) a subdivision, split or combination, as the case may be, of the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately prior to such reclassification into the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately thereafter (and the effective date of such reclassification shall be deemed to be "the day upon which such subdivision or split becomes effective" or "the day upon which such combination becomes effective", as the case may be, and "the day upon which such subdivision, split or combination becomes effective" within the meaning of paragraph (3) of this Section). (8) The "Current Market Price" per share of Common Stock on any day means the average of the daily Closing Prices for the 5 consecutive Trading Days selected by the Company commencing not more than 30 Trading Days before, and ending not later than, the earlier of the day in question and the day before the "ex date" with respect to the issuance or distribution requiring such computation. For purposes of this paragraph, the term "ex date", when used with respect to any issuance or distribution, shall mean the first date on which the Common Stock trades regular way on such exchange or in such market without the right to receive such issuance or distribution. 52 60 (9) All adjustments to the Settlement Rate, as defined in clause (a), (b) and (c) of Section 5.1, shall be calculated to the nearest 1/10,000th of a share of Common Stock (or if there is not a nearest 1/10,000th of a share to the next lower 1/10,000th of a share). No adjustment in the Settlement Rate shall be required unless such adjustment would require an increase or decrease of at least one percent therein; provided, however, that any adjustments which by reason of this subparagraph are not required to be made shall be carried forward and taken into account in any subsequent adjustment. If an adjustment is made to the Settlement Rate pursuant to paragraph (1), (2), (3), (4), (5), (6), (7) or (10) of this Section 5.6(a), an adjustment shall also be made to the Applicable Market Value solely to determine which of clauses (a), (b) or (c) of the definition of Settlement Rate in Section 5.1 will apply on the Purchase Contract Settlement Date. Such adjustment shall be made by multiplying the Applicable Market Value by that fraction on the basis of which the adjustment to the Settlement Rate pursuant to which the numerator shall be the Settlement Rate immediately after such adjustment pursuant to paragraph (1), (2), (3), (4), (5), (6), (7) or (10) of this Section 5.6(a) has been made; provided, however, that if such adjustment to the Settlement Rate is required to be made pursuant to the occurrence of any of the events contemplated by paragraph (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (7) or (10) of this Section 5.6(a) during the period taken into consideration for determining the Applicable Market Value, appropriate and customary adjustments shall be made to the Settlement Rate. (10) The Company may make such increases in the Settlement Rate, in addition to those required by this Section, as it considers to be advisable in order to avoid or diminish any income tax to any holders of shares of Common Stock resulting from any dividend or distribution of stock or issuance of rights or warrants to purchase or subscribe for stock or from any event treated as such for income tax purposes or for any other reasons. (b) Adjustment for Consolidation, Merger or Other Reorganization Event. In the event of (i) any consolidation or merger of the Company with or into another Person (other than a merger or consolidation in which the Company is the continuing corporation and in which the Common Stock outstanding immediately prior to the merger or consolidation is not exchanged for cash, securities or other property of the Company or another corporation), (ii) any sale, transfer, lease or conveyance to another Person of the property of the Company as an entirety or substantially as an entirety, (iii) any statutory exchange of securities of the Company with another Person (other than in connection with a merger or acquisition) or (iv) any liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company other than as a result of 53 61 or after the occurrence of a Termination Event (any such event, a "Reorganization Event"), the Settlement Rate will be adjusted to provide that each Holder of Securities will receive on the Purchase Contract Settlement Date with respect to each Purchase Contract forming a part thereof, the kind and amount of securities, cash and other property receivable upon such Reorganization Event (without any interest thereon, and without any right to dividends or distribution thereon which have a record date that is prior to the Purchase Contract Settlement Date) by a Holder of the number of shares of Common Stock issuable on account of each Purchase Contract if the Purchase Contract Settlement Date had occurred immediately prior to such Reorganization Event assuming such Holder of Common Stock is not a Person with which the Company consolidated or into which the Company merged or which merged into the Company or to which such sale or transfer was made, as the case may be (any such Person, a "Constituent Person"), or an Affiliate of a Constituent Person to the extent such Reorganization Event provides for different treatment of common Stock held by Affiliates of the Company and non-affiliates and such Holder failed to exercise his rights of election, if any, as to the kind or amount of securities, cash and other property receivable upon such Reorganization Event (provided that if the kind or amount of securities, cash and other property receivable upon such Reorganization Event is not the same for each share of Common Stock held immediately prior to such Reorganization Event by other than a Constituent Person or an Affiliate thereof and in respect of which such rights of election shall not have been exercised ("non-electing share"), then for the purpose of this Section the kind and amount of securities, cash and other property receivable upon such Reorganization Event by each non-electing share shall be deemed to be the kind and amount so receivable per share by a plurality of the non-electing shares). In the event of such a Reorganization Event, the Person formed by such consolidation, merger or exchange or the Person which acquires the assets of the Company or, in the event of a liquidation or dissolution of the Company, the Company or a liquidating trust created in connection therewith, shall execute and deliver to the Agent an agreement supplemental hereto providing that the Holders of each Outstanding Security shall have the rights provided by this Section 5.6. Such supplemental agreement shall provide for adjustments which, for events subsequent to the effective date of such supplemental agreement, shall be as nearly equivalent as may be practicable to the adjustments provided for in this Section. The above provisions of this Section shall similarly apply to successive Reorganization Events. Section 5.7. Notice of Adjustments and Certain Other Events. 54 62 (a) Whenever the Settlement Rate is adjusted as herein provided, the Company shall: (i) forthwith compute the Settlement Rate in accordance with Section 5.6 and prepare and transmit to the Agent an Officer's Certificate setting forth clause (a), (b) and (c) of the adjusted Settlement Rate, the method of calculation thereof in reasonable detail, and the facts requiring such adjustment and upon which such adjustment is based; and (ii) within 10 Business Days following the occurrence of an event that requires an adjustment to the Settlement Rate pursuant to Section 5.6 (or if the Company is not aware of such occurrence, as soon as practicable after becoming so aware), provide a written notice to the Holders of the Securities of the occurrence of such event and a statement in reasonable detail setting forth the method by which the adjustment to the Settlement Rate was determined and setting forth clause (a), (b) and (c) of the adjusted Settlement Rate. (b) The Agent shall not at any time be under any duty or responsibility to any Holder of Securities to determine whether any facts exist which may require any adjustment of the Settlement Rate, or with respect to the nature or extent or calculation of any such adjustment when made, or with respect to the method employed in making the same. The Agent shall not be accountable with respect to the validity or value (or the kind or amount) of any shares of Common Stock, or of any securities or property, which may at the time be issued or delivered with respect to any Purchase Contract; and the Agent makes no representation with respect thereto. The Agent shall not be responsible for any failure of the Company to issue, transfer or deliver any shares of Common Stock pursuant to a Purchase Contract or to comply with any of the duties, responsibilities or covenants of the Company contained in this Article. Section 5.8. Termination Event; Notice. The Purchase Contracts and all obligations and rights of the Company and the Holders thereunder, including, without limitation, the rights of the Holders to receive and the obligation of the Company to pay any Contract Adjustment Payments or Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments, if the Company shall have such obligation, and the rights and obligations of Holders to purchase Common Stock, shall immediately and automatically terminate, without the necessity of any notice or 55 63 action by any Holder, the Agent or the Company, if, on or prior to the Purchase Contract Settlement Date, a Termination Event shall have occurred. Upon and after the occurrence of a Termination Event, the Securities shall thereafter represent the right to receive the Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, forming a part of such Securities in the case of Income PRIDES, or Treasury Securities in the case of Growth PRIDES, in accordance with the provisions of Section 4.3 of the Pledge Agreement. Upon the occurrence of a Termination Event, the Company shall promptly but in no event later than two Business Days thereafter give written notice to the Agent, the Collateral Agent and to the Holders, at their addresses as they appear in the Register. Section 5.9. Early Settlement. (a) Subject to and upon compliance with the provisions of this Section 5.9, at the option of the Holder thereof, Purchase Contracts underlying Securities, having an aggregate Stated Amount equal to $1,000 or an integral multiple thereof, may be settled early ("Early Settlement") in the case of Income PRIDES (unless a Tax Event Redemption has occurred) on or prior to the fifth Business Day immediately preceding the Purchase Contract Settlement Date and in the case of Growth PRIDES on or prior to the second Business Day immediately preceding the Purchase Contract Settlement Date, in each case, as provided herein; provided however, that if a Tax Event Redemption has occurred and the Treasury Portfolio has become a component of the Income PRIDES Purchase Contracts, underlying Income PRIDES may be settled early, on or prior to the second Business Day immediately preceding the Purchase Contract Settlement Date, but only in an aggregate amount of $1,600,000 or in an integral multiple thereof. In order to exercise the right to effect Early Settlement with respect to any Purchase Contracts, the Holder of the Certificate evidencing Securities shall deliver such Certificate to the Agent at the Corporate Trust Office duly endorsed for transfer to the Company or in blank with the form of Election to Settle Early on the reverse thereof duly completed and accompanied by payment (payable to the Company in immediately available funds in an amount (the "Early Settlement Amount") equal to (i) the product of (A) the Stated Amount times (B) the number of Purchase Contracts with respect to which the Holder has elected to effect Early Settlement plus (ii) if such delivery is made with respect to any Purchase Contracts during the period from the close of business on any Record Date next preceding any Payment Date to the opening of business on such Payment Date, an amount equal to the sum of (x) the Contract Adjustment Payments payable on such Payment Date with respect to such Purchase Contracts plus (y) in the case of 56 64 Income PRIDES Certificate, the distributions on the related Preferred Securities payable on such Payment Date. Except as provided in the immediately preceding sentence and subject to the second to last paragraph of Section 5.2, no payment or adjustment shall be made upon Early Settlement of any Purchase Contract on account of any Contract Adjustment Payments accrued on such Purchase Contract or on account of any dividends on the Common Stock issued upon such Early Settlement. If the foregoing requirements are first satisfied with respect to Purchase Contracts underlying any Securities at or prior to 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on a Business Day, such day shall be the "Early Settlement Date" with respect to such Securities and if such requirements are first satisfied after 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on a Business Day or on a day that is not a Business Day, the "Early Settlement Date" with respect to such Securities shall be the next succeeding Business Day. (b) Upon Early Settlement of Purchase Contracts by a Holder of the related Securities, the Company shall issue, and the Holder shall be entitled to receive, _____ shares of Common Stock on account of each Purchase Contract as to which Early Settlement is effected (the "Early Settlement Rate"); provided, however, that upon the Early Settlement of the Purchase Contracts, the Holder of such related Securities will forfeit the right to receive any Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments. The Early Settlement Rate shall be adjusted in the same manner and at the same time as the Settlement Rate is adjusted. As promptly as practicable after Early Settlement of Purchase Contracts in accordance with the provisions of this Section 5.9, the Company shall issue and shall deliver to the Agent at the Corporate Trust Office a certificate or certificates for the full number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon such Early Settlement together with payment in lieu of any fraction of a share, as provided in Section 5.10. (c) No later than the third Business Day after the applicable Early Settlement Date the Company shall cause (i) the shares of Common Stock issuable upon Early Settlement of Purchase Contracts to be issued and delivered, and (ii) the related Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, in the case of Income PRIDES, or the related Treasury Securities, in the case of Growth PRIDES, to be released from the Pledge by the Collateral Agent and transferred, in each case to the Agent for delivery to the Holder thereof or its designee. (d) Upon Early Settlement of any Purchase Contracts, and subject to receipt of shares of Common Stock from the Company and the Preferred Securities, the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio or Treasury 57 65 Securities, as the case may be, from the Collateral Agent, as applicable, the Agent shall, in accordance with the instructions provided by the Holder thereof on the applicable form of Election to Settle Early on the reverse of the Certificate evidencing the related Securities, (i) transfer to the Holder the Preferred Securities, Treasury Portfolio or Treasury Securities, as the case may be, forming a part of such Securities, and (ii) deliver to the Holder a certificate or certificates for the full number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon such Early Settlement together with payment in lieu of any fraction of a share, as provided in Section 5.10. (e) In the event that Early Settlement is effected with respect to Purchase Contracts underlying less than all the Securities evidenced by a Certificate, upon such Early Settlement the Company shall execute and the Agent shall authenticate, countersign and deliver to the Holder thereof, at the expense of the Company, a Certificate evidencing the Securities as to which Early Settlement was not effected. Section 5.10. No Fractional Shares. No fractional shares or scrip representing fractional shares of Common Stock shall be issued or delivered upon settlement on the Purchase Contract Settlement Date or upon Early Settlement of any Purchase Contracts. If Certificates evidencing more than one Purchase Contract shall be surrendered for settlement at one time by the same Holder, the number of full shares of Common Stock which shall be delivered upon settlement shall be computed on the basis of the aggregate number of Purchase Contracts evidenced by the Certificates so surrendered. Instead of any fractional share of Common Stock which would otherwise be deliverable upon settlement of any Purchase Contracts on the Purchase Contract Settlement Date or upon Early Settlement, the Company, through the Agent, shall make a cash payment in respect of such fractional interest in an amount equal to the value of such fractional shares times the Applicable Market Value. The Company shall provide the Agent from time to time with sufficient funds to permit the Agent to make all cash payments required by this Section 5.10 in a timely manner. 58 66 Section 5.11. Charges and Taxes. The Company will pay all stock transfer and similar taxes attributable to the initial issuance and delivery of the shares of Common Stock pursuant to the Purchase Contracts and in payment of any Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments; provided, however, that the Company shall not be required to pay any such tax or taxes which may be payable in respect of any exchange of or substitution for a Certificate evidencing a Security or any issuance of a share of Common Stock in a name other than that of the registered Holder of a Certificate surrendered in respect of the Securities evidenced thereby, other than in the name of the Agent, as custodian for such Holder, and the Company shall not be required to issue or deliver such share certificates or Certificates unless or until the Person or Persons requesting the transfer or issuance thereof shall have paid to the Company the amount of such tax or shall have established to the satisfaction of the Company that such tax has been paid. ARTICLE VI Remedies Section 6.1. Unconditional Right of Holders to Receive Contract Adjustment Payments and to Purchase Common Stock. In the event that Contract Adjustment Payments shall constitute a component of Income PRIDES or Growth PRIDES, the Holder of any Income PRIDES or Growth PRIDES shall have the right, which is absolute and unconditional (subject to the right of the Company to defer payment thereof pursuant to Section 5.3, the prepayment of Contract Adjustment Payments pursuant to Section 5.9(a) and to the forfeiture of any Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments upon Early Settlement pursuant to Section 5.9(b) or upon the occurrence of a Termination Event), to receive payment of each installment of the Contract Adjustment Payments with respect to the Purchase Contract constituting a part of such Security on the respective Payment Date for such Security and to purchase Common Stock pursuant to such Purchase Contract and, in each such case, to institute suit for the enforcement of any such payment and right to purchase Common Stock, and such rights shall not be impaired without the consent of such Holder. 59 67 Section 6.2. Restoration of Rights and Remedies. If any Holder has instituted any proceeding to enforce any right or remedy under this Agreement and such proceeding has been discontinued or abandoned for any reason, or has been determined adversely to such Holder, then and in every such case, subject to any determination in such proceeding, the Company and such Holder shall be restored severally and respectively to their former positions hereunder and thereafter all rights and remedies of such Holder shall continue as though no such proceeding had been instituted. Section 6.3. Rights and Remedies Cumulative. Except as otherwise provided with respect to the replacement or payment of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Certificates in the last paragraph of Section 3.10, no right or remedy herein conferred upon or reserved to the Holders is intended to be exclusive of any other right or remedy, and every right and remedy shall, to the extent permitted by law, be cumulative and in addition to every other right and remedy given hereunder or now or hereafter existing at law or in equity or otherwise. The assertion or employment of any right or remedy hereunder, or otherwise, shall not prevent the concurrent assertion or employment of any other appropriate right or remedy. Section 6.4. Delay or Omission Not Waiver. No delay or omission of any Holder to exercise any right or remedy upon a default shall impair any such right or remedy or constitute a waiver of any such right. Every right and remedy given by this Article or by law to the Holders may be exercised from time to time, and as often as may be deemed expedient, by such Holders. Section 6.5. Undertaking for Costs. All parties to this Agreement agree, and each Holder of Income PRIDES or Growth PRIDES, by its acceptance of such Income PRIDES or Growth PRIDES shall be deemed to have agreed, that any court may in its discretion require, in any suit for the enforcement of any right or remedy under this Agreement, or in any suit against the Agent for any action taken, suffered or omitted by it as Agent, the filing by any party litigant in such suit of an undertaking to pay the costs of such suit, and that such court may in its discretion assess reasonable costs, including reasonable 60 68 attorneys' fees, against any party litigant in such suit, having due regard to the merits and good faith of the claims or defenses made by such party litigant; provided that the provisions of this Section shall not apply to any suit instituted by the Company, to any suit instituted by the Agent, to any suit instituted by any Holder, or group of Holders, holding in the aggregate more than 10% of the Outstanding Securities, or to any suit instituted by any Holder for the enforcement of distributions on any Preferred Securities or Contract Adjustment Payments, if any, on any Purchase Contract on or after the respective Payment Date therefor in respect of any Security held by such Holder, or for enforcement of the right to purchase shares of Common Stock under the Purchase Contracts constituting part of any Security held by such Holder. Section 6.6. Waiver of Stay or Extension Laws. The Company covenants (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) that it will not at any time insist upon, or plead, or in any manner whatsoever claim or take the benefit or advantage of, any stay or extension law wherever enacted, now or at any time hereafter in force, which may affect the covenants or the performance of this Agreement; and the Company (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) hereby expressly waives all benefit or advantage of any such law and covenants that it will not hinder, delay or impede the execution of any power herein granted to the Agent or the Holders, but will suffer and permit the execution of every such power as though no such law had been enacted. ARTICLE VII The Agent Section 7.1. Certain Duties and Responsibilities. (a) (1) The Agent undertakes to perform, with respect to the Securities, such duties and only such duties as are specifically set forth in this Agreement and the Pledge Agreement, and no implied covenants or obligations shall be read into this Agreement against the Agent; and (2) in the absence of bad faith or negligence on its part, the Agent may, with respect to the Securities, conclusively rely, as to the truth of 61 69 the statements and the correctness of the opinions expressed therein, upon certificates or opinions furnished to the Agent and conforming to the requirements of this Agreement, but in the case of any certificates or opinions which by any provision hereof are specifically required to be furnished to the Agent, the Agent shall be under a duty to examine the same to determine whether or not they conform to the requirements of this Agreement. (b) No provision of this Agreement shall be construed to relieve the Agent from liability for its own negligent action, its own negligent failure to act, or its own wilfull misconduct, except that (1) this Subsection shall not be construed to limit the effect of Subsection (a) of this Section; (2) the Agent shall not be liable for any error of judgment made in good faith by a Responsible Officer, unless it shall be proved that the Agent was negligent in ascertaining the pertinent facts; and (3) no provision of this Agreement shall require the Agent to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur any financial liability in the performance of any of its duties hereunder, or in the exercise of any of its rights or powers, if adequate indemnity is not provided to it. (c) Whether or not therein expressly so provided, every provision of this Agreement relating to the conduct or affecting the liability of or affording protection to the Agent shall be subject to the provisions of this Section. (d) The Agent is authorized to execute and deliver the Pledge Agreement in its capacity as Agent. Section 7.2. Notice of Default. Within 30 days after the occurrence of any default by the Company hereunder of which a Responsible Officer of the Agent has actual knowledge, the Agent shall transmit by mail to the Company and the Holders of Securities, as their names and addresses appear in the Register, notice of such default hereunder, unless such default shall have been cured or waived. Section 7.3. Certain Rights of Agent. 62 70 Subject to the provisions of Section 7.1: (a) the Agent may rely and shall be protected in acting or refraining from acting upon any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, direction, consent, order, bond, debenture, note, other evidence of indebtedness or other paper or document believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper party or parties; (b) any request or direction of the Company mentioned herein shall be sufficiently evidenced by an Officer's Certificate, Issuer Order or Issuer Request, and any resolution of the Board of Directors of the Company may be sufficiently evidenced by a Board Resolution; (c) whenever in the administration of this Agreement the Agent shall deem it desirable that a matter be proved or established prior to taking, suffering or omitting any action hereunder, the Agent (unless other evidence be herein specifically prescribed) may, in the absence of bad faith on its part, rely upon an Officer's Certificate of the Company; (d) the Agent may consult with counsel and the written advice of such counsel or any Opinion of Counsel shall be full and complete authorization and protection in respect of any action taken, suffered or omitted by it hereunder in good faith and in reliance thereon; (e) the Agent shall not be bound to make any investigation into the facts or matters stated in any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, direction, consent, order, bond, debenture, note, other evidence of indebtedness or other paper or document, but the Agent, in its discretion, may make reasonable further inquiry or investigation into such facts or matters related to the execution, delivery and performance of the Purchase Contracts as it may see fit, and, if the Agent shall determine to make such further inquiry or investigation, it shall be given a reasonable opportunity to examine the books, records and premises of the Company, personally or by agent or attorney; and (f) the Agent may execute any of the powers hereunder or perform any duties hereunder either directly or by or through agents or attorneys or an Affiliate and the Agent shall not be responsible for any misconduct or negligence on the part of any agent or attorney or an Affiliate appointed with due care by it hereunder. 63 71 Section 7.4. Not Responsible for Recitals or Issuance of Securities. The recitals contained herein and in the Certificates shall be taken as the statements of the Company and the Agent assumes no responsibility for their accuracy. The Agent makes no representations as to the validity or sufficiency of either this Agreement or of the Securities, or of the Pledge Agreement or the Pledge. The Agent shall not be accountable for the use or application by the Company of the proceeds in respect of the Purchase Contracts. Section 7.5. May Hold Securities. Any Registrar or any other agent of the Company, or the Agent and its Affiliates, in their individual or any other capacity, may become the owner or pledgee of Securities and may otherwise deal with the Company, the Collateral Agent or any other Person with the same rights it would have if it were not Registrar or such other agent, or the Agent. Section 7.6. Money Held in Custody. Money held by the Agent in custody hereunder need not be segregated from the other funds except to the extent required by law or provided herein. The Agent shall be under no obligation to invest or pay interest on any money received by it hereunder except as otherwise agreed in writing with the Company. Section 7.7. Compensation and Reimbursement. The Company agrees: (1) to pay to the Agent from time to time reasonable compensation for all services rendered by it hereunder; (2) except as otherwise expressly provided herein, to reimburse the Agent upon its request for all reasonable expenses, disbursements and advances incurred or made by the Agent in accordance with any provision of this Agreement (including the reasonable compensation and the expenses and disbursements of its agents and counsel), except any such expense, disbursement or advance as may be attributable to its negligence or bad faith; and 64 72 (3) to indemnify the Agent and any predecessor Agent for, and to hold it harmless against, any loss, liability or expense incurred without negligence or bad faith on its part, arising out of or in connection with the acceptance or administration of its duties hereunder, including the costs and expenses of defending itself against any claim or liability in connection with the exercise or performance of any of its powers or duties hereunder. Section 7.8. Corporate Agent Required; Eligibility. There shall at all times be an Agent hereunder which shall be a corporation organized and doing business under the laws of the United States of America, any State thereof or the District of Columbia, authorized under such laws to exercise corporate trust powers, having (or being a member of a bank holding company having) a combined capital and surplus of at least $50,000,000, subject to supervision or examination by Federal or State authority and having a Corporate Trust Office in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, if there be such a corporation in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, qualified and eligible under this Article and willing to act on reasonable terms. If such corporation publishes reports of condition at least annually, pursuant to law or to the requirements of said supervising or examining authority, then for the purposes of this Section, the combined capital and surplus of such corporation shall be deemed to be its combined capital and surplus as set forth in its most recent report of condition so published. If at any time the Agent shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the provisions of this Section, it shall resign immediately in the manner and with the effect hereinafter specified in this Article. Section 7.9. Resignation and Removal; Appointment of Successor. (a) No resignation or removal of the Agent and no appointment of a successor Agent pursuant to this Article shall become effective until the acceptance of appointment by the successor Agent in accordance with the applicable requirements of Section 7.10. (b) The Agent may resign at any time by giving written notice thereof to the Company 60 days prior to the effective date of such resignation. If the instrument of acceptance by a successor Agent required by Section 7.10 shall not have been delivered to the Agent within 30 days after the giving of such notice of resignation, the resigning Agent may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Agent. 65 73 (c) The Agent may be removed at any time by Act of the Holders of a majority in number of the Outstanding Securities delivered to the Agent and the Company. (d) if at any time (1) the Agent fails to comply with Section 310(b) of the TIA, as if the Agent were an indenture trustee under an indenture qualified under the TIA, after written request therefor by the Company or by any Holder who has been a bona fide Holder of a Security for at least six months, or (2) the Agent shall cease to be eligible under Section 7.8 and shall fail to resign after written request therefor by the Company or by any such Holder, or (3) the Agent shall become incapable of acting or shall be adjudged a bankrupt or insolvent or a receiver of the Agent or of its property shall be appointed or any public officer shall take charge or control of the Agent or of its property or affairs for the purpose of rehabilitation, conservation or liquidation, then, in any such case, (i) the Company by a Board Resolution may remove the Agent, or (ii) any Holder who has been a bona fide Holder of a Security for at least six months may, on behalf of himself and all others similarly situated, petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the removal of the Agent and the appointment of a successor Agent. (e) If the Agent shall resign, be removed or become incapable of acting, or if a vacancy shall occur in the office of Agent for any cause, the Company, by a Board Resolution, shall promptly appoint a successor Agent and shall comply with the applicable requirements of Section 7.10. If no successor Agent shall have been so appointed by the Company and accepted appointment in the manner required by Section 7.10, any Holder who has been a bona fide Holder of a Security for at least six months may, on behalf of himself and all others similarly situated, petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Agent. (f) The Company shall give, or shall cause such successor Agent to give, notice of each resignation and each removal of the Agent and each appointment of a successor Agent by mailing written notice of such event by first-class mail, postage 66 74 prepaid, to all Holders as their names and addresses appear in the applicable Register. Each notice shall include the name of the successor Agent and the address of its Corporate Trust Office. Section 7.10. Acceptance of Appointment by Successor. (a) In case of the appointment hereunder of a successor Agent, every such successor Agent so appointed shall execute, acknowledge and deliver to the Company and to the retiring Agent an instrument accepting such appointment, and thereupon the resignation or removal of the retiring Agent shall become effective and such successor Agent, without any further act, deed or conveyance, shall become vested with all the rights, powers, agencies and duties of the retiring Agent; but, on the request of the Company or the successor Agent, such retiring Agent shall, upon payment of its charges, execute and deliver an instrument transferring to such successor Agent all the rights, powers and trusts of the retiring Agent and shall duly assign, transfer and deliver to such successor Agent all property and money held by such retiring Agent hereunder. (b) Upon request of any such successor Agent, the Company shall execute any and all instruments for more fully and certainly vesting in and confirming to such successor Agent all such rights, powers and agencies referred to in paragraph (a) of this Section. (c) No successor Agent shall accept its appointment unless at the time of such acceptance such successor Agent shall be qualified and eligible under this Article. Section 7.11. Merger, Conversion, Consolidation or Succession to Business. Any corporation into which the Agent may be merged or converted or with which it may be consolidated, or any corporation resulting from any merger, conversion or consolidation to which the Agent shall be a party, or any corporation succeeding to all or substantially all the corporate trust business of the Agent, shall be the successor of the Agent hereunder, provided such corporation shall be otherwise qualified and eligible under this Article, without the execution or filing of any paper or any further act on the part of any of the parties hereto. In case any Certificates shall have been authenticated and executed on behalf of the Holders, but not delivered, by the Agent then in office, any successor by merger, conversion or consolidation to such Agent may adopt such authentication and execution and 67 75 deliver the Certificates so authenticated and executed with the same effect as if such successor Agent had itself authenticated and executed such Securities. Section 7.12. Preservation of Information; Communications to Holders. (a) The Agent shall preserve, in as current a form as is reasonably practicable, the names and addresses of Holders received by the Agent in its capacity as Registrar. (b) If three or more Holders (herein referred to as "applicants") apply in writing to the Agent, and furnish to the Agent reasonable proof that each such applicant has owned a Security for a period of at least six months preceding the date of such application, and such application states that the applicants desire to communicate with other Holders with respect to their rights under this Agreement or under the Securities and is accompanied by a copy of the form of proxy or other communication which such applicants propose to transmit, then the Agent shall, mail to all the Holders copies of the form of proxy or other communication which is specified in such request, with reasonable promptness after a tender to the Agent of the materials to be mailed and of payment, or provision for the payment, of the reasonable expenses of such mailing. Section 7.13. No Obligations of Agent. Except to the extent otherwise provided in this Agreement, the Agent assumes no obligations and shall not be subject to any liability under this Agreement, the Pledge Agreement or any Purchase Contract in respect of the obligations of the Holder of any Security thereunder. The Company agrees, and each Holder of a Certificate, by his acceptance thereof, shall be deemed to have agreed, that the Agent's execution of the Certificates on behalf of the Holders shall be solely as agent and attorney-in-fact for the Holders, and that the Agent shall have no obligation to perform such Purchase Contracts on behalf of the Holders, except to the extent expressly provided in Article Five hereof. Section 7.14. Tax Compliance. (a) The Agent, on its own behalf and on behalf of the Company, will comply with all applicable certification, information reporting and withholding (including "backup" withholding) requirements imposed by applicable tax laws, regulations or administrative practice with respect to (i) any payments made with 68 76 respect to the Securities or (ii) the issuance, delivery, holding, transfer, redemption or exercise of rights under the Securities. Such compliance shall include, without limitation, the preparation and timely filing of required returns and the timely payment of all amounts required to be withheld to the appropriate taxing authority or its designated agent. (b) The Agent shall comply with any written direction received from the Company with respect to the application of such requirements to particular payments or Holders or in other particular circumstances, and may for purposes of this Agreement rely on any such direction in accordance with the provisions of Section 7.1(a)(2) hereof. (c) The Agent shall maintain all appropriate records documenting compliance with such requirements, and shall make such records available, on written request, to the Company or its authorized representative within a reasonable period of time after receipt of such request. ARTICLE VIII Supplemental Agreements Section 8.1. Supplemental Agreements Without Consent of Holders. Without the consent of any Holders, the Company and the Agent, at any time and from time to time, may enter into one or more agreements supplemental hereto, in form satisfactory to the Company and the Agent, for any of the following purposes: (1) to evidence the succession of another Person to the Company, and the assumption by any such successor of the covenants of the Company herein and in the Certificates; or (2) to add to the covenants of the Company for the benefit of the Holders, or to surrender any right or power herein conferred upon the Company; or 69 77 (3) to evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment hereunder by a successor Agent; or (4) to make provision with respect to the rights of Holders pursuant to the requirements of Section 5.6(b); or (5) to cure any ambiguity, to correct or supplement any provisions herein which may be inconsistent with any other provisions herein, or to make any other provisions with respect to such matters or questions arising under this Agreement, provided such action shall not adversely affect the interests of the Holders. Section 8.2. Supplemental Agreements with Consent of Holders. With the consent of the Holders of not less than a majority of the outstanding Purchase Contracts voting together as one Class, by Act of said Holders delivered to the Company and the Agent, the Company, when authorized by a Board Resolution, and the Agent may enter into an agreement or agreements supplemental hereto for the purpose of modifying in any manner the terms of the Purchase Contracts, or the provisions of this Agreement or the rights of the Holders in respect of the Securities; provided, however, that, except as contemplated herein, no such supplemental agreement shall, without the consent of the Holder of each Outstanding Security affected thereby, (1) change any Payment Date; (2) change the amount or the type of Collateral required to be Pledged to secure a Holder's Obligations under the Purchase Contract, impair the right of the Holder of any Purchase Contract to receive distributions on the related Collateral (except for the rights of Holders of Income PRIDES to substitute the Treasury Securities for the Pledge Preferred Securities or the rights of holders of Growth PRIDES to substitute Preferred Securities for the Pledged Treasury Securities) or otherwise adversely affect the Holder's rights in or to such Collateral or adversely alter the rights in or to such Collateral; (3) reduce any Contract Adjustment Payments or any Deferred Contract Adjustment Payment, or change any place where, or the coin or currency in which, any Contract Adjustment Payments is payable; 70 78 (4) impair the right to institute suit for the enforcement of any Purchase Contract; (5) reduce the number of shares of Common Stock to be purchased pursuant to any Purchase Contract, increase the price to purchase shares of Common Stock upon settlement of any Purchase Contract, change the Purchase Contract Settlement Date or otherwise adversely affect the Holder's rights under any Purchase Contract; or (6) reduce the percentage of the outstanding Purchase Contracts the consent of whose Holders is required for any such supplemental agreement; provided, that if any amendment or proposal referred to above would adversely affect only the Income PRIDES or the Growth PRIDES, then only the affected class of Holder as of the record date for the Holders entitled to vote thereon will be entitled to vote on such amendment or proposal, and such amendment or proposal shall not be effective except with the consent of Holders of not less than a majority of such class. It shall not be necessary for any Act of Holders under this Section to approve the particular form of any proposed supplemental agreement, but it shall be sufficient if such Act shall approve the substance thereof. Section 8.3. Execution of Supplemental Agreements. In executing, or accepting the additional agencies created by, any supplemental agreement permitted by this Article or the modifications thereby of the agencies created by this Agreement, the Agent shall be entitled to receive and (subject to Section 7.1) shall be fully protected in relying upon, an Opinion of Counsel stating that the execution of such supplemental agreement is authorized or permitted by this Agreement. The Agent may, but shall not be obligated to, enter into any such supplemental agreement which affects the Agent's own rights, duties or immunities under this Agreement or otherwise. Section 8.4. Effect of Supplemental Agreements. Upon the execution of any supplemental agreement under this Article, this Agreement shall be modified in accordance therewith, and such supplemental 71 79 agreement shall form a part of this Agreement for all purposes; and every Holder of Certificates theretofore or thereafter authenticated, executed on behalf of the Holders and delivered hereunder shall be bound thereby. Section 8.5. Reference to Supplemental Agreements. Certificates authenticated, executed on behalf of the Holders and delivered after the execution of any supplemental agreement pursuant to this Article may, and shall if required by the Agent, bear a notation in form approved by the Agent as to any matter provided for in such supplemental agreement. If the Company shall so determine, new Certificates so modified as to conform, in the opinion of the Agent and the Company, to any such supplemental agreement may be prepared and executed by the Company and authenticated, executed on behalf of the Holders and delivered by the Agent in exchange for Outstanding Certificates. ARTICLE IX Consolidation, Merger, Sale or Conveyance Section 9.1. Covenant Not to Merge, Consolidate, Sell or Convey Property Except Under Certain Conditions. The Company covenants that it will not merge or consolidate with any other Person or sell, assign, transfer, lease or convey all or substantially all of its properties and assets to any Person or group of affiliated Persons in one transaction or a series of related transactions, unless (i) either the Company shall be the continuing corporation, or the successor (if other than the Company) shall be a corporation organized and existing under the laws of the United States of America or a State thereof or the District of Columbia and such corporation shall expressly assume all the obligations of the Company under the Purchase Contracts, this Agreement and the Pledge Agreement by one or more supplemental agreements in form reasonably satisfactory to the Agent and the Collateral Agent, executed and delivered to the Agent and the Collateral Agent by such corporation, and (ii) the Company or such successor corporation, as the case may be, shall not, immediately after such merger or consolidation, or such sale, assignment, transfer, lease or conveyance, be in default in the performance of any covenant or condition hereunder, under any of the Securities or under the Pledge Agreement. 72 80 Section 9.2. Rights and Duties of Successor Corporation. In case of any such consolidation, merger, sale, assignment, transfer, lease or conveyance and upon any such assumption by a successor corporation in accordance with Section 9.1, such successor corporation shall succeed to and be substituted for the Company with the same effect as if it had been named herein as the Company. Such successor corporation thereupon may cause to be signed, and may issue either in its own name or in the name of Kennametal Inc., any or all of the Certificates evidencing Securities issuable hereunder which theretofore shall not have been signed by the Company and delivered to the Agent; and, upon the order of such successor corporation, instead of the Company, and subject to all the terms, conditions and limitations in this Agreement prescribed, the Agent shall authenticate and execute on behalf of the Holders and deliver any Certificates which previously shall have been signed and delivered by the officers of the Company to the Agent for authentication and execution, and any Certificate evidencing Securities which such successor corporation thereafter shall cause to be signed and delivered to the Agent for that purpose. All the Certificates so issued shall in all respects have the same legal rank and benefit under this Agreement as the Certificates theretofore or thereafter issued in accordance with the terms of this Agreement as though all of such Certificates had been issued at the date of the execution hereof. In case of any such consolidation, merger, sale, assignment, transfer, lease or conveyance such change in phraseology and form (but not in substance) may be made in the Certificates evidencing Securities thereafter to be issued as may be appropriate. Section 9.3. Opinion of Counsel Given to Agent. The Agent, subject to Sections 7.1 and 7.3, shall receive an Opinion of Counsel as conclusive evidence that any such consolidation, merger, sale, assignment, transfer, lease or conveyance, and any such assumption, complies with the provisions of this Article and that all conditions precedent to the consummation of any such consolidation, merger, sale, assignment, transfer, lease or conveyance have been met. 73 81 ARTICLE X Covenants Section 10.1. Performance Under Purchase Contracts. The Company covenants and agrees for the benefit of the Holders from time to time of the Securities that it will duly and punctually perform its obligations under the Purchase Contracts in accordance with the terms of the Purchase Contracts and this Agreement. Section 10.2. Maintenance of Office or Agency. The Company will maintain in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York an office or agency where Certificates may be presented or surrendered for acquisition of shares of Common Stock upon settlement of the Purchase Contracts on the Purchase Contract Settlement Date or Early Settlement and for transfer of Collateral upon occurrence of a Termination Event, where Certificates may be surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange, for a Collateral Substitution or re-establishment of an Income PRIDES and where notices and demands to or upon the Company in respect of the Securities and this Agreement may be served. The Company will give prompt written notice to the Agent of the location, and any change in the location, of such office or agency. If at any time the Company shall fail to maintain any such required office or agency or shall fail to furnish the Agent with the address thereof, such presentations, surrenders, notices and demands may be made or served at the Corporate Trust Office, and the Company hereby appoints the Agent as its agent to receive all such presentations, surrenders, notices and demands. The Company may also from time to time designate one or more other offices or agencies where Certificates may be presented or surrendered for any or all such purposes and may from time to time rescind such designations; provided, however, that no such designation or rescission shall in any manner relieve the Company of its obligation to maintain an office or agency in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York for such purposes. The Company will give prompt written notice to the Agent of any such designation or rescission and of any change in the location of any such other office or agency. The Company hereby designates as the place of payment for the Securities the Corporate Trust Office and appoints the Agent at its Corporate Trust Office as paying agent in such city. 74 82 Section 10.3. Company to Reserve Common Stock. The Company shall at all times prior to the Purchase Contract Settlement Date reserve and keep available, free from preemptive rights, out of its authorized but unissued Common Stock the full number of shares of Common Stock issuable against tender of payment in respect of all Purchase Contracts constituting a part of the Securities evidenced by Outstanding Certificates. Section 10.4. Covenants as to Common Stock. The Company covenants that all shares of Common Stock which may be issued against tender of payment in respect of any Purchase Contract constituting a part of the Outstanding Securities will, upon issuance, be duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable. Section 10.5. Statements of Officers of the Company as to Default. The Company will deliver to the Agent, within 120 days after the end of each fiscal year of the Company ending after the date hereof, an Officer's Certificate, stating whether or not to the best knowledge of the signers thereof the Company is in default in the performance and observance of any of the terms, provisions and conditions hereof, and if the Company shall be in default, specifying all such defaults and the nature and status thereof of which they may have knowledge. 75 83 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be duly executed as of the day and year first above written. KENNAMETAL INC. By:____________________________ Name: Title: THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF CHICAGO, as Purchase Contract Agent By:____________________________ Name: Title: 84 EXHIBIT A THIS CERTIFICATE IS A GLOBAL CERTIFICATE WITHIN THE MEANING OF THE PURCHASE CONTRACT AGREEMENT (AS HEREINAFTER DEFINED) AND IS REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF THE CLEARING AGENCY OR A NOMINEE THEREOF. THIS CERTIFICATE MAY NOT BE EXCHANGED IN WHOLE OR IN PART FOR A CERTIFICATE REGISTERED, AND NO TRANSFER OF THIS CERTIFICATE IN WHOLE OR IN PART MAY BE REGISTERED, IN THE NAME OF ANY PERSON OTHER THAN SUCH CLEARING AGENCY OR A NOMINEE THEREOF, EXCEPT IN THE LIMITED CIRCUMSTANCES DESCRIBED IN THE PURCHASE CONTRACT AGREEMENT. Unless this Certificate is presented by an authorized representative of The Depository Trust Company (55 Water Street, New York, New York) to the Company or its agent for registration of transfer, exchange or payment, and any Certificate issued is registered in the name of Cede & Co., or such other name as requested by an authorized representative of The Depository Trust Company, and any payment hereon is made to Cede & Co., ANY TRANSFER, PLEDGE OR OTHER USE HEREOF FOR VALUE OR OTHERWISE BY A PERSON IS WRONGFUL since the registered owner hereof, Cede & Co., has an interest herein. No. _____ Cusip No. Number of Income PRIDES _______ Form of Face of Income PRIDES Certificate ____% Income PRIDES This Income PRIDES Certificate certifies that ___________ is the registered Holder of the number of Income PRIDES set forth above. Each Income PRIDES represents (i) either (a) beneficial ownership by the Holder of one ____% Trust Originated Preferred Security (the "Preferred Security") of Kennametal Financing I, a Delaware statutory business trust (the "Trust"), having a stated liquidation amount of $50, subject to the Pledge of such Preferred Security by such Holder pursuant to the Pledge Agreement or (b) upon the occurrence of a Tax Event Redemption prior to the Purchase Contract Settlement Date, the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, subject to the Pledge of such Applicable Owner- 85 ship Interest of the Treasury Portfolio by such Holder pursuant to the Pledge Agreement, and (ii) the rights and obligations of the Holder under one Purchase Contract with Kennametal Inc., a Pennsylvania corporation (the "Company"). All capitalized terms used herein which are defined in the Purchase Contract Agreement have the meaning set forth therein. Pursuant to the Pledge Agreement, the Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, constituting part of each Income PRIDES evidenced hereby have been pledged to the Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the Company, to secure the obligations of the Holder under the Purchase Contract comprising a portion of such Income PRIDES. The Pledge Agreement provides that all payments of the Stated Amount of or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest (as specified in clause (A) of the definition of such term) in the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, or cash distributions on, any Pledged Preferred Securities (as defined in the Pledge Agreement) or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, constituting part of the Income PRIDES received by the Collateral Agent shall be paid by the Collateral Agent by wire transfer in same day funds (i) in the case of (A) cash distributions with respect to Pledged Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest (as specified in clause (B) of the definition of such term) of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, and (B) any payments of the Stated Amount or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest (as specified in clause (A) of the definition of such terms) of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, with respect to any Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, that have been released from the Pledge pursuant to the Pledge Agreement, to the Agent to the account designated by the Agent, no later than 2:00 p.m., New York City time, on the Business Day such payment is received by the Collateral Agent (provided that in the event such payment is received by the Collateral Agent on a day that is not a Business Day or after 12:30 p.m., New York City time, on a Business Day, then such payment shall be made no later than 10:30 a.m., New York City time, on the next succeeding Business Day) and (ii) in the case of payments of the Stated Amount or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest (as specified in clause (A) of the definition of such term) in the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, of any Pledged Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest (as specified in clause (A) of the definition of such term) in the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, to the Company on the Purchase Contract Settlement Date (as defined herein) in accordance with the terms of the Pledge Agreement, in full A-2 86 satisfaction of the respective obligations of the Holders of the Income PRIDES of which such Pledged Preferred Securities or the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, are a part under the Purchase Contracts forming a part of such Income PRIDES. Distributions on any Preferred Security or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest (as specified in clause (B) of the definition of such term) of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, forming part of an Income PRIDES evidenced hereby which are payable quarterly in arrears on February 16, May 16, August 16 and November 16 each year, commencing February 16, 1998 (a "Payment Date"), shall, subject to receipt thereof by the Agent from the Collateral Agent, be paid to the Person in whose name this Income PRIDES Certificate (or a Predecessor Income PRIDES Certificate) is registered at the close of business on the Record Date for such Payment Date. Each Purchase Contract evidenced hereby obligates the Holder of this Income PRIDES Certificate to purchase, and the Company to sell, on February 16, 2001 (the "Purchase Contract Settlement Date"), at a price equal to $50 (the "Stated Amount"), a number of shares of Common Stock, no par value ("Common Stock"), of the Company, equal to the Settlement Rate, unless on or prior to the Purchase Contract Settlement Date there shall have occurred a Termination Event or an Early Settlement with respect to the Income PRIDES of which such Purchase Contract is a part, all as provided in the Purchase Contract Agreement and more fully described on the reverse hereof. The purchase price (the "Purchase Price") for the shares of Common Stock purchased pursuant to each Purchase Contract evidenced hereby, if not paid earlier, shall be paid on the Purchase Contract Settlement Date by application of payment received in respect of the Stated Amount or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest (as specified in clause (A) of the definition of such term) of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, of the Pledged Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, pledged to secure the obligations under such Purchase Contract of the Holder of the Income PRIDES of which such Purchase Contract is a part. The Company shall pay, on each Payment Date, in respect of each Purchase Contract forming part of an Income PRIDES evidenced hereby an amount (the "Contract Adjustment Payments") equal to % per annum of the Stated Amount, computed on the basis of a 360 day year of twelve 30 day months, subject to deferral at the option of the Company as provided in the Purchase Contract Agreement and more fully described on the reverse hereof. Such Contract Adjustment Payments shall be payable to the Person in whose name this Income PRIDES Certificate (or a A-3 87 Predecessor Income PRIDES Certificate) is registered at the close of business on the Record Date for such Payment Date. Distributions on the Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest (as specified in clause (B) of the definition of such term) of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, and Contract Adjustment Payments will be payable at the office of the Agent in The City of New York or, at the option of the Company, by check mailed to the address of the Person entitled thereto as such address appears on the Income PRIDES Register. Reference is hereby made to the further provisions set forth on the reverse hereof, which further provisions shall for all purposes have the same effect as if set forth at this place. Unless the certificate of authentication hereon has been executed by the Agent by manual signature, this Income PRIDES Certificate shall not be entitled to any benefit under the Pledge Agreement or the Purchase Contract Agreement or be valid or obligatory for any purpose. A-4 88 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this instrument to be duly executed. KENNAMETAL INC. By:________________________________________ Name: Title: By:________________________________________ Name: Title: HOLDER SPECIFIED ABOVE (as to obligations of such Holder under the Purchase Contracts evidenced hereby) By: THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF CHICAGO, not individually but solely as Attorney-in-Fact of such Holder By:________________________________________ Name: Title: Dated: 89 AGENT'S CERTIFICATE OF AUTHENTICATION This is one of the Income PRIDES Certificates referred to in the within mentioned Purchase Contract Agreement. By: THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF CHICAGO, as Purchase Contract Agent By:________________________________________ Authorized Officer 90 (Form of Reverse of Income PRIDES Certificate) Each Purchase Contract evidenced hereby is governed by a Purchase Contract Agreement, dated as of January ___, 1998 (as may be supplemented from time to time, the "Purchase Contract Agreement"), between the Company and __________________________, as Purchase Contract Agent (herein called the "Agent"), to which Purchase Contract Agreement and supplemental agreements thereto reference is hereby made for a description of the respective rights, limitations of rights, obligations, duties and immunities thereunder of the Agent, the Company, and the Holders and of the terms upon which the Income PRIDES Certificates are, and are to be, executed and delivered. Each Purchase Contract evidenced hereby obligates the Holder of this Income PRIDES Certificate to purchase, and the Company to sell, on the Purchase Contract Settlement Date at a price equal to the Stated Amount (the "Purchase Price"), a number of shares of Common Stock of the Company equal to the Settlement Rate, unless, on or prior to the Purchase Contract Settlement Date, there shall have occurred a Termination Event with respect to the Security of which such Purchase Contract is a part or an Early Settlement shall have occurred. The "Settlement Rate" is equal to (a) if the Applicable Market Value (as defined below) is equal to or greater than $ (the "Threshold Appreciation Price"), shares of Common Stock per Purchase Contract, (b) if the Applicable Market Value is less than the Threshold Appreciation Price but is greater than $ , the number of shares of Common Stock per Purchase Contract equal to the Stated Amount divided by the Applicable Market Value and (c) if the Applicable Market Amount is less than or equal to $ , shares of Common Stock per Purchase Contract, in each case subject to adjustment as provided in the Purchase Contract Agreement. No fractional shares of Common Stock will be issued upon settlement of Purchase Contracts, as provided in the Purchase Contract Agreement. Each Purchase Contract evidenced hereby, which is settled either through Early Settlement or Cash Settlement, shall obligate the Holder of the related Income PRIDES to purchase at the Purchase Price, and the Company to sell, a number of newly issued shares of Common Stock equal to the Early Settlement Rate or the Settlement Rate, as applicable. The "Applicable Market Value" means the average of the Closing Price per share of Common Stock on each of the 20 consecutive Trading Days ending on the A-7 91 third Trading Day immediately preceding the Purchase Contract Settlement Date. The "Closing Price" of the Common Stock on any date of determination means the closing sale price (or, if no closing price is reported, the last reported sale price) of the Common Stock on the New York Stock Exchange (the "NYSE") on such date or, if the Common Stock is not listed for trading on the NYSE on any such date, as reported in the composite transactions for the principal United States securities exchange on which the Common Stock is so listed, or if the Common Stock is not so listed on a United States national or regional securities exchange, as reported by The Nasdaq Stock Market, or, if the Common Stock is not so reported, the last quoted bid price for the Common Stock in the over-the-counter market as reported by the National Quotation Bureau or similar organization, or, if such bid price is not available, the market value of the Common Stock on such date as determined by a nationally recognized independent investment banking firm retained for this purpose by the Company. A "Trading Day" means a day on which the Common Stock (A) is not suspended from trading on any national or regional securities exchange or association or over-the-counter market at the close of business and (B) has traded at least once on the national or regional securities exchange or association or over-the-counter market that is the primary market for the trading of the Common Stock. In accordance with the terms of the Purchase Contract Agreement, the Holder of this Income PRIDES Certificate shall pay the Purchase Price for the shares of Common Stock purchased pursuant to each Purchase Contract evidenced hereby by effecting a Cash Settlement, or an Early Settlement or from the proceeds of a remarketing of the related Pledged Preferred Securities of such holders. A Holder of Income PRIDES who does not elect, on or prior to 5:00 p.m. New York City time on the fifth Business Day immediately preceding the Purchase Contract Settlement Date, to make an effective Cash Settlement or an Early Settlement, shall pay the Purchase Price for the shares of Common Stock to be issued under the related Purchase Contract from the Proceeds of the sale of the related Pledged Preferred Securities held by the Collateral Agent. Such sale will be made by the Remarketing Agent pursuant to the terms of the Remarketing Agreement and the Remarketing Purchase Agreement on the third Business Day immediately preceding the Purchase Contract Settlement Date. If, as provided in the Purchase Contract Agreement, upon the occurrence of a Failed Remarketing the Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the Company, exercises its rights as a secured creditor with respect to the Pledged Preferred Securities related to this Income PRIDES certificate, any accrued and unpaid distributions (including deferred distributions) on such Pledged Preferred Securities will become payable by the Company to the holder of this A-8 92 Income PRIDES Certificate in the manner provided for in the Purchase Contract Agreement. The Company shall not be obligated to issue any shares of Common Stock in respect of a Purchase Contract or deliver any certificates therefor to the Holder unless it shall have received payment in full of the aggregate purchase price for the shares of Common Stock to be purchased thereunder in the manner herein set forth. Each Purchase Contract evidenced hereby and all obligations and rights of the Company and the Holder thereunder shall terminate if a Termination Event shall have occurred. Upon the occurrence of a Termination Event, the Company shall give written notice to the Agent and to the Holders, at their addresses as they appear in the Income PRIDES Register. Upon and after the occurrence of a Termination Event, the Collateral Agent shall release the Pledged Preferred Security (as defined in the Pledge Agreement) or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio forming a part of each Income PRIDES, or the Liquidation Distribution received in respect of such Pledged Preferred Security, from the Pledge. An Income PRIDES shall thereafter represent the right to receive the Preferred Security or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio forming a part of such Income PRIDES, or the Liquidation Distribution received in respect of such Preferred Security, in accordance with the terms of the Purchase Contract Agreement and the Pledge Agreement. Under the terms of the Pledge Agreement, the Agent will be entitled to exercise the voting and any other consensual rights pertaining to the Pledged Preferred Securities. Upon receipt of notice of any meeting at which holders of Preferred Securities are entitled to vote or upon the solicitation of consents, waivers or proxies of holders of Preferred Securities, the Agent shall, as soon as practicable thereafter, mail to the Income PRIDES holders a notice (a) containing such information as is contained in the notice or solicitation, (b) stating that each Income PRIDES holder on the record date set by the Agent therefor (which, to the extent possible, shall be the same date as the record date for determining the holders of Preferred Securities entitled to vote) shall be entitled to instruct the Agent as to the exercise of the voting rights pertaining to the Preferred Securities constituting a part of such holder's Income PRIDES and (c) stating the manner in which such instructions may be given. Upon the written request of the Income PRIDES Holders on such record date, the Agent shall endeavor insofar as practicable to vote or cause to be voted, in accordance with the instructions set forth in such requests, the maximum number of Preferred Securities as to which any particular voting instructions A-9 93 are received. In the absence of specific instructions from the Holder of an Income PRIDES, the Agent shall abstain from voting the Preferred Security evidenced by such Income PRIDES. Upon the occurrence of an Investment Company Event or liquidation of the Trust, a principal amount of the Debentures constituting the assets of the Trust and underlying the Preferred Securities equal to the aggregate Stated Amount of the Pledged Preferred Securities shall be delivered to the Collateral Agent in exchange for Pledged Preferred Securities. Thereafter, the Debentures shall be held by the Collateral Agent to secure the obligations of each Holder of Income PRIDES to purchase shares of Common Stock under the Purchase Contracts constituting a part of such Income PRIDES. Following the liquidation of the Trust, the Holders and the Collateral Agent shall have such security interests, rights and obligations with respect to the Debentures as the Holders and the Collateral Agent had in respect of the Pledged Preferred Securities, and any reference in the Purchase Contract Agreement or Pledge Agreement to the Preferred Securities shall be deemed to be a reference to the Debentures. Upon the occurrence of a Tax Event Redemption prior to the Purchase Contract Settlement Date, the Redemption Price payable on the Tax Event Redemption Date with respect to the Applicable Principal Amount of Debentures shall be delivered to the Collateral Agent in exchange for the Pledged Preferred Securities. Thereafter, pursuant to the terms of the Pledge Agreement, the Collateral Agent for the benefit of the Company will apply an amount equal to the Redemption Amount of such Redemption Price to purchase, the Treasury Portfolio and promptly remit the remaining portion of such Redemption Price to the Agent for payment to the Holders of such Income PRIDES. Following the occurrence of a Tax Event Redemption prior to the Purchase Contract Settlement Date, the Holders of Income PRIDES and the Collateral Agent shall have such security interests rights and obligations with respect to the Treasury Portfolio as the Holder of Income PRIDES and the Collateral Agent had in respect of the Preferred Security or Debentures, as the case may be, subject to the Pledge thereof as provided in Articles II, III, IV, V and VI, of the Pledge Agreement and any reference herein to the Preferred Security or the Debenture shall be deemed to be reference to such Treasury Portfolio. The Income PRIDES Certificates are issuable only in registered form and only in denominations of a single Income PRIDES and any integral multiple thereof. A-10 94 The transfer of any Income PRIDES Certificate will be registered and Income PRIDES Certificates may be exchanged as provided in the Purchase Contract Agreement. The Income PRIDES Registrar may require a Holder, among other things, to furnish appropriate endorsements and transfer documents permitted by the Purchase Contract Agreement. No service charge shall be required for any such registration of transfer or exchange, but the Company and the Agent may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge payable in connection therewith. A holder who elects to substitute a Treasury Security for Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, thereby creating Growth PRIDES, shall be responsible for any fees or expenses payable in connection therewith. Except as provided in the Purchase Contract Agreement, for so long as the Purchase Contract underlying an Income PRIDES remains in effect, such Income PRIDES shall not be separable into its constituent parts, and the rights and obligations of the Holder of such Income PRIDES in respect of the Preferred Security or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, and Purchase Contract constituting such Income PRIDES may be transferred and exchanged only as an Income PRIDES. The holder of an Income PRIDES may substitute for the Pledged Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio securing its obligation under the related Purchase Contract Treasury Securities in an aggregate principal amount equal to the aggregate Stated Amount of the Pledged Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest (as specified in clause (A) of the definition of such term) in the Treasury Portfolio in accordance with the terms of the Purchase Contract Agreement and the Pledge Agreement. From and after such Collateral Substitution, the Security for which such Pledged Treasury Securities secures the holder's obligation under the Purchase Contract shall be referred to as a "Growth PRIDES." A Holder may make such Collateral Substitution only in integral multiples of 20 Income PRIDES for 20 Growth PRIDES; provided, however, that if a Tax Event Redemption has occurred and the Treasury Portfolio has become a component of the Income PRIDES, a Holder may make such Collateral Substitutions only in integral multiples of 32,000 Income PRIDES for 32,000 Growth PRIDES. Such Collateral Substitution may cause the equivalent aggregate principal amount of this Certificate to be increased or decreased; provided, however, the equivalent aggregate principal amount outstanding under this Income PRIDES Certificate shall not exceed $200,000,000. All such adjustments to the equivalent aggregate principal amount of this Income PRIDES Certificate shall be duly recorded by placing an appropriate notation on the Schedule attached hereto. A-11 95 A Holder of Growth PRIDES may recreate Income PRIDES by delivering to the Collateral Agent Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, with a Stated Amount, in the case of such Preferred Securities, or with the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest (as specified in clause (A) of the definition of such term) of the Treasury Portfolio, in the case of such appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, equal to the aggregate principal amount of the Pledged Treasury Securities in exchange for the release of such Pledged Treasury Securities in accordance with the terms of the Purchase Contract Agreement and the Pledge Agreement. Subject to the next succeeding paragraph, the Company shall pay, on each Payment Date, the Contract Adjustment Payments payable in respect of each Purchase Contract to the Person in whose name the Income PRIDES Certificate evidencing such Purchase Contract is registered at the close of business on the Record Date for such Payment Date. Contract Adjustment Payments will be payable at the office of the Agent in The City of New York or, at the option of the Company, by check mailed to the address of the Person entitled thereto at such address as it appears on the Income PRIDES Register. The Company shall have the right, at any time prior to the Purchase Contract Settlement Date, to defer the payment of any or all of the Contract Adjustment Payments otherwise payable on any Payment Date, but only if the Company shall give the Holders and the Agent written notice of its election to defer such payment (specifying the amount to be deferred) as provided in the Purchase Contract Agreement. Any Contract Adjustment Payments so deferred shall bear additional Contract Adjustment Payments thereon at the rate of ____% per annum (computed on the basis of a 360 day year of twelve 30 day months), compounding on each succeeding Payment Date, until paid in full (such deferred installments of Contract Adjustment Payments, if any, together with the additional Contract Adjustment Payments accrued thereon, are referred to herein as the "Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments"). Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments, if any, shall be due on the next succeeding Payment Date except to the extent that payment is deferred pursuant to the Purchase Contract Agreement. No Contract Adjustment Payments may be deferred to a date that is after the Purchase Contract Settlement Date. In the event that the Company elects to defer the payment of Contract Adjustment Payments on the Purchase Contracts until the Purchase Contract Settlement Date, the Holder of this Income PRIDES Certificate will receive on the Purchase Contract Settlement Date, in lieu of a cash payment, a number of shares of A-12 96 Common Stock equal to (x) the aggregate amount of Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments payable to the Holder of this Income PRIDES Certificate divided by (y) the Applicable Market Value. In the event the Company exercises its option to defer the payment of Contract Adjustment Payments, then until the Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments have been paid, the Company shall not declare or pay dividends on, make distributions with respect to, or redeem, purchase or acquire, or make a liquidation payment with respect to, any of its capital stock or make guarantee payments with respect to the foregoing (other than (i) purchases or acquisitions of capital stock of the Company in connection with the satisfaction by the Company of its obligations under any employee or agent benefit plans or the satisfaction by the Company of its obligations pursuant to any contract or security outstanding on the date of such event requiring the Company to purchase capital stock of the Company, (ii) as a result of a reclassification of the Company's capital stock or the exchange or conversion of one class or series of the Company's capital stock for another class or series of the Company's capital stock, (iii) the purchase of fractional interests in shares of the Company's capital stock pursuant to the conversion or exchange provisions of such capital stock or the security being converted or exchanged, (iv) dividends or distributions in capital stock of the Company (or rights to acquire capital stock) or repurchases or redemptions of capital stock solely from the issuance or exchange of capital stock or (v) redemptions or repurchases of any rights outstanding under a shareholder rights plan and a declaration thereunder of a dividend of rights in the future). The Purchase Contracts and all obligations and rights of the Company and the Holders thereunder, including, without limitation, the rights of the Holders to receive and the obligation of the Company to pay any Contract Adjustment Payments or any Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments, shall immediately and automatically terminate, without the necessity of any notice or action by any Holder, the Agent or the Company, if, on or prior to the Purchase Contract Settlement Date, a Termination Event shall have occurred. Upon the occurrence of a Termination Event, the Company shall promptly but in no event later than two Business Days thereafter give written notice to the Agent, the Collateral Agent and to the Holders, at their addresses as they appear in the Income PRIDES Register. Upon and after the occurrence of a Termination Event, the Collateral Agent shall release the Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, from the Pledge in accordance with the provisions of the Pledge Agreement. A-13 97 Subject to and upon compliance with the provisions of the Purchase Contract Agreement, at the option of the Holder thereof, Purchase Contracts underlying Securities having an aggregate Stated Amount equal to $1,000 or an integral multiple thereof may be settled early ("Early Settlement") as provided in the Purchase Contract Agreement; provided, however, that if a Tax Event Redemption has occurred and the Treasury Portfolio has become a component of the Income PRIDES, Holders may early settle Income PRIDES only in integral multiples of 32,000 Income PRIDES. In order to exercise the right to effect Early Settlement with respect to any Purchase Contracts evidenced by this Income PRIDES Certificate, the Holder of this Income PRIDES Certificate shall deliver this Income PRIDES Certificate to the Agent at the Corporate Trust Office duly endorsed for transfer to the Company or in blank with the form of Election to Settle Early set forth below duly completed and accompanied by payment in the form of immediately available funds payable to the order of the Company in an amount (the "Early Settlement Amount") equal to (i) the product of (A) the Stated Amount times (B) the number of Purchase Contracts with respect to which the Holder has elected to effect Early Settlement, plus (ii) if such delivery is made with respect to any Purchase Contracts during the period from the close of business on any Record Date for any Payment Date to the opening of business on such Payment Date, an amount equal to the Contract Adjustment Payments payable on such Payment Date with respect to such Purchase Contracts. Upon Early Settlement of Purchase Contracts by a Holder of the related Securities, the Pledged Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio underlying such Securities shall be released from the Pledge as provided in the Pledge Agreement and the Holder shall be entitled to receive a number of shares of Common Stock on account of each Purchase Contract forming part of a Income PRIDES as to which Early Settlement is effected equal to the Early Settlement Rate; provided however, that upon the Early Settlement of the Purchase Contracts, the Holder thereof will forfeit the right to receive any Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments, if any, on such Purchase Contracts. The Early Settlement Rate shall initially be equal to shares of Common Stock and shall be adjusted in the same manner and at the same time as the Settlement Rate is adjusted as provided in the Purchase Contract Agreement. Upon registration of transfer of this Income PRIDES Certificate, the transferee shall be bound (without the necessity of any other action on the part of such transferee, except as may be required by the Agent pursuant to the Purchase Contract Agreement), under the terms of the Purchase Contract Agreement and the Purchase Contracts evidenced hereby and the transferor shall be released from the obligations under the Purchase Contracts evidenced by this Income PRIDES A-14 98 Certificate. The Company covenants and agrees, and the Holder, by its acceptance hereof, likewise covenants and agrees, to be bound by the provisions of this paragraph. The Holder of this Income PRIDES Certificate, by its acceptance hereof, authorizes the Agent to enter into and perform the related Purchase Contracts forming part of the Income PRIDES evidenced hereby on his behalf as his attorney-in-fact, expressly withholds any consent to the assumption (i.e., affirmance) of the Purchase Contracts by the Company or its trustee in the event that the Company becomes the subject of a case under the Bankruptcy Code, agrees to be bound by the terms and provisions thereof, covenants and agrees to perform his obligations under such Purchase Contracts, consents to the provisions of the Purchase Contract Agreement, authorizes the Agent to enter into and perform the Pledge Agreement on his behalf as its attorney-in-fact, and consents to the Pledge of the Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, underlying this Income PRIDES Certificate pursuant to the Pledge Agreement. The Holder further covenants and agrees, that, to the extent and in the manner provided in the Purchase Contract Agreement and the Pledge Agreement, but subject to the terms thereof, payments in respect to the Stated Amount of the Pledged Preferred Securities, or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest (as specified in clause (A) of the definition of such term) of the Treasury Portfolio, on the Purchase Contract Settlement Date shall be paid by the Collateral Agent to the Company in satisfaction of such Holder's obligations under such Purchase Contract and such Holder shall acquire no right, title or interest in such payments. Subject to certain exceptions, the provisions of the Purchase Contract Agreement may be amended with the consent of the Holders of a majority of the Purchase Contracts. The Purchase Contracts shall for all purposes be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of New York. The Company, the Agent and its Affiliates and any agent of the Company or the Agent may treat the Person in whose name this Income PRIDES Certificate is registered as the owner of the Income PRIDES evidenced hereby for the purpose of receiving payments of distributions payable quarterly on the Preferred Securities, receiving payments of Contract Adjustment Payments and any Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments, performance of the Purchase Contracts and for all other purposes whatsoever, whether or not any payments in respect thereof be overdue and A-15 99 notwithstanding any notice to the contrary, and neither the Company, the Agent nor any such agent shall be affected by notice to the contrary. The Purchase Contracts shall not, prior to the settlement thereof, entitle the Holder to any of the rights of a holder of shares of Common Stock. A copy of the Purchase Contract Agreement is available for inspection at the offices of the Agent. A-16 100 ABBREVIATIONS The following abbreviations, when used in the inscription on the face of this instrument, shall be construed as though they were written out in full according to applicable laws or regulations: TEN COM - as tenants in common UNIF GIFT MIN ACT - ------------Custodian------------ (cust) (minor) Under Uniform Gifts to Minors Act ------------------------------------ (State) TEN ENT - as tenants by the entireties JT TEN - as joint tenants with right of survivorship and not as tenants in common Additional abbreviations may also be used though not in the above list. --------------------------------------------- FOR VALUE RECEIVED, the undersigned hereby sell(s), assign(s) and transfer(s) unto____________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ (Please insert Social Security or Taxpayer I.D. or other Identifying Number of Assignee) ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ (Please Print or Type Name and Address Including Postal Zip Code of Assignee) the within Income PRIDES Certificates and all rights thereunder, hereby irrevocably constituting and appointing ________________________________________________________________________________ attorney to transfer said Income PRIDES Certificates on the books of Kennametal Inc. with full power of substitution in the premises. Dated: _________________ ____________________________________ Signature NOTICE: The signature to this assignment must correspond with the name as it appears upon the face of the within Income PRIDES Certificates in every particular, without alteration or enlargement or any change whatsoever. Signature Guarantee:______________________________________ A-17 101 SETTLEMENT INSTRUCTIONS The undersigned Holder directs that a certificate for shares of Common Stock deliverable upon settlement on or after the Purchase Contract Settlement Date of the Purchase Contracts underlying the number of Income PRIDES evidenced by this Income PRIDES Certificate be registered in the name of, and delivered, together with a check in payment for any fractional share, to the undersigned at the address indicated below unless a different name and address have been indicated below. If shares are to be registered in the name of a Person other than the undersigned, the undersigned will pay any transfer tax payable incident thereto. Dated:________________________ _______________________________________ Signature Signature Guarantee:___________________ (if assigned to another person) If shares are to be registered in the name of and delivered to REGISTERED HOLDER a Person other than the Holder, please (i) print such Person's name and address and (ii) provide a guarantee of your signature: Please print name and address of Registered Holder: _____________________________________ ______________________________________ Name Name _____________________________________ ______________________________________ Address Address _____________________________________ ______________________________________ _____________________________________ ______________________________________ _____________________________________ ______________________________________ Social Security or other Taxpayer Identification Number, if any ______________________________________ A-18 102 ELECTION TO SETTLE EARLY The undersigned Holder of this Income PRIDES Certificate hereby irrevocably exercises the option to effect Early Settlement in accordance with the terms of the Purchase Contract Agreement with respect to the Purchase Contracts underlying the number of Income PRIDES evidenced by this Income PRIDES Certificate specified below. The undersigned Holder directs that a certificate for shares of Common Stock deliverable upon such Early Settlement be registered in the name of, and delivered, together with a check in payment for any fractional share and any Income PRIDES Certificate representing any Income PRIDES evidenced hereby as to which Early Settlement of the related Purchase Contracts is not effected, to the undersigned at the address indicated below unless a different name and address have been indicated below. Pledged Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, deliverable upon such Early Settlement will be transferred in accordance with the transfer instructions set forth below. If shares are to be registered in the name of a Person other than the undersigned, the undersigned will pay any transfer tax payable incident thereto. Dated:_____________________________ ________________________________________ Signature Signature Guarantee:__________________________________ A-19 103 Number of Securities evidenced hereby as to which Early Settlement of the related Purchase Contracts is being elected: If shares of Common Stock or Income REGISTERED HOLDER PRIDES Certificates are to be regis- tered in the name of and delivered to and Pledged Preferred Securities, or the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, are to be transferred to a Person other than the Holder, please print such Person's name and address: Please print name and address of Registered Holder: _____________________________________ ______________________________________ Name Name _____________________________________ ______________________________________ Address Address _____________________________________ ______________________________________ _____________________________________ ______________________________________ _____________________________________ ______________________________________ Social Security or other Taxpayer Identification Number, if any ______________________________________ A-20 104 Transfer Instructions for Pledged Preferred Securities, or the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, Transferable Upon Early Settlement or a Termination Event: ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ A-21 105 [TO BE ATTACHED TO GLOBAL CERTIFICATES] SCHEDULE OF INCREASES OF DECREASED IN GLOBAL CERTIFICATE The following increases or decreases in this Global Certificate have been made:
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A-22 106 EXHIBIT B THIS CERTIFICATE IS A GLOBAL CERTIFICATE WITHIN THE MEANING OF THE PURCHASE CONTRACT AGREEMENT (AS HEREINAFTER DEFINED) AND IS REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF A CLEARING AGENCY OR A NOMINEE THEREOF. THIS CERTIFICATE MAY NOT BE EXCHANGED IN WHOLE OR IN PART FOR A CERTIFICATE REGISTERED, AND NO TRANSFER OF THIS CERTIFICATE IN WHOLE OR IN PART MAY BE REGISTERED, IN THE NAME OF ANY PERSON OTHER THAN SUCH CLEARING AGENCY OR A NOMINEE THEREOF, EXCEPT IN THE LIMITED CIRCUMSTANCES DESCRIBED IN THE PURCHASE CONTRACT AGREEMENT. Unless this Certificate is presented by an authorized representative of The Depository Trust Company (55 Water Street, New York, New York) to the Company or its agent for registration of transfer, exchange or payment, and any Certificate issued is registered in the name of Cede & Co., or such other name as requested by an authorized representative of The Depository Trust Company, and any payment hereon is made to Cede & Co., ANY TRANSFER, PLEDGE OR OTHER USE HEREOF FOR VALUE OR OTHERWISE BY A PERSON IS WRONGFUL since the registered owner hereof, Cede & Co., has an interest herein. No. __________ Number of Growth PRIDES__________ Cusip No. Form of Face of Growth PRIDES Certificate This Growth PRIDES Certificate certifies that __________ is the registered Holder of the number of Growth PRIDES set forth above. Each Growth PRIDES represents (i) a 1/20 undivided beneficial ownership interest, of a Treasury Security having a principal amount at maturity equal to $1,000, subject to the Pledge of such Treasury Security by such Holder pursuant to the Pledge Agreement, and (ii) the rights and obligations of the Holder under one Purchase Contract with Kennametal Inc., an Pennsylvania corporation (the "Company"). All capitalized terms used herein which are defined in the Purchase Contract Agreement have the meaning set forth therein. Pursuant to the Pledge Agreement, the Treasury Securities constituting part of each Growth PRIDES evidenced hereby have been pledged to the Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the Company, to secure the obligations of the Holder under the Purchase Contract comprising a portion of such Growth PRIDES. Each Purchase Contract evidenced hereby obligates the Holder of this Growth PRIDES Certificate to purchase, and the Company, to sell, on February 16, 2001 (the 107 "Purchase Contract Settlement Date"), at a price equal to $50 (the "Stated Amount"), a number of shares of Common stock, no par value per share ("Common Stock"), of the Company equal to the Settlement Rate, unless on or prior to the Purchase Contract Settlement Date there shall have occurred a Termination Event or an Early Settlement with respect to the Growth PRIDES of which such Purchase Contract is a part, all as provided in the Purchase Contract Agreement and more fully described on the reverse hereof. The purchase price for the shares of Common Stock purchased pursuant to each Purchase Contract evidenced hereby will be paid by application of the Proceeds from the Treasury Securities pledged to secure the obligations under such Purchase Contract in accordance with the terms of the Pledge Agreement. The Company shall pay on each Payment Date in respect of each Purchase Contract evidenced hereby an amount (the "Contract Adjustment Payments") equal to __% per annum of the Stated Amount, computed on the basis of the actual number of days elapsed in a year of 360 day year of twelve 30 day months, as the case may be, subject to deferral at the option of the Company as provided in the Purchase Contract Agreement and more fully described on the reverse hereof. Such Contract Adjustment Payments shall be payable to the Person in whose name this Growth PRIDES Certificate (or a Predecessor Growth PRIDES Certificate) is registered at the close of business on the Record Date for such Payment Date. Contract Adjustment Payments will be payable at the office of the Agent in The City of New York or, at the option of the Company, by check mailed to the address of the Person entitled thereto as such address appears on the Growth PRIDES Register. Reference is hereby made to the further provisions set forth on the reverse hereof, which further provisions shall for all purposes have the same effect as if set forth at this place. Unless the certificate of authentication hereon has been executed by the Agent by manual signature, this Growth PRIDES Certificate shall not be entitled to any benefit under the Pledge Agreement or the Purchase Contract Agreement or be valid or obligatory for any purpose. B-2 108 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this instrument to be duly executed. KENNAMETAL INC. By:_________________________________ Name: Title: By:_________________________________ Name: Title: HOLDER SPECIFIED ABOVE (as to obligations of such Holder under the Purchase Contracts) By: THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF CHICAGO, not individually but solely as Attorney-in-Fact of such Holder By:_________________________________ Name: Title: Dated: 109 AGENT'S CERTIFICATE OF AUTHENTICATION This is one of the Growth PRIDES referred to in the within-mentioned Purchase Contract Agreement. By: THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF CHICAGO, as Purchase Contract Agent By:___________________________________ Authorized Officer 110 (Reverse of Growth PRIDES Certificate) Each Purchase Contract evidenced hereby is governed by a Purchase Contract Agreement, dated as of January ___, 1998 (as may be supplemented from time to time, the "Purchase Contract Agreement") between the Company and The First National Bank of Chicago, as Purchase Contract Agent (including its successors thereunder, herein called the "Agent"), to which the Purchase Contract Agreement and supplemental agreements thereto reference is hereby made for a description of the respective rights, limitations of rights, obligations, duties and immunities thereunder of the Agent, the Company and the Holders and of the terms upon which the Growth PRIDES Certificates are, and are to be, executed and delivered. Each Purchase Contract evidenced hereby obligates the Holder of this Growth PRIDES Certificate to purchase, and the Company to sell, on the Purchase Contract Settlement Date at a price equal to the Stated Amount (the "Purchase Price") a number of shares of Common Stock of the Company equal to the Settlement Rate, unless on or prior to the Purchase Contract Settlement Date, there shall have occurred a Termination Event or an Early Settlement with respect to the Security of which such Purchase Contract is a part. The "Settlement Rate" is equal to (a) if the Applicable Market Value (as defined below) is equal to or greater than $ (the "Threshold Appreciation Price"), ____ shares of Common Stock per Purchase Contract, (b) if the Applicable Market Value is less than the Threshold Appreciation Price but is greater than $ , the number of shares of Common Stock per Purchase Contract equal to the Stated Amount divided by the Applicable Market Value and (c) if the Applicable Market Amount is less than or equal to $ , then shares of Common Stock per Purchase Contract, in each case subject to adjustment as provided in the Purchase Contract Agreement. No fractional shares of Common Stock will be issued upon settlement of Purchase Contracts, as provided in the Purchase Contract Agreement. The "Applicable Market Value" means the average of the Closing Prices per share of Common Stock on each of the twenty consecutive Trading Days ending on the third Trading Day immediately preceding the Purchase Contract Settlement Date. The "Closing Price" of the Common Stock on any date of determination means the closing sale price (or, if no closing price is reported, the last reported sale price) of the Common Stock on the New York Stock Exchange (the "NYSE") on such date or, if the Common Stock is not listed for trading on the NYSE on any such date, as reported in the composite transactions for the principal United States securities exchange on which the Common Stock is so listed, or if the Common Stock is not so listed on a United States national or regional securities exchange, as reported by The Nasdaq Stock Market, or, if the Common Stock is not so reported, the last quoted bid price for the Common Stock in the over-the-counter market as reported by the National Quotation Bureau or similar organization, or, if such bid price is not available, the market value of the Common Stock on such date as determined by a nationally recognized independent investment banking firm retained for this purpose by the 111 Company. A "Trading Day" means a day on which the Common Stock (A) is not suspended from trading on any national or regional securities exchange or association or over-the-counter market at the close of business and (B) has traded at least once on the national or regional securities exchange or association or over-the-counter market that is the primary market for the trading of the Common Stock. In accordance with the terms of the Purchase Contract Agreement, the Holder of this Growth PRIDES Certificate shall pay the Purchase Price for the shares of Common Stock purchased pursuant to each Purchase Contract evidenced hereby by effecting either an Early Settlement of each such Purchase Contract or by applying a principal amount of the Pledged Treasury Securities underlying such Holder's Growth PRIDES equal to the Stated Amount of such Purchase Contract to the purchase of the Common Stock. The Company shall not be obligated to issue any shares of Common Stock in respect of a Purchase Contract or deliver any certificates therefor to the Holder unless it shall have received payment in full of the aggregate purchase price for the shares of Common Stock to be purchased thereunder in the manner herein set forth. Each Purchase Contract evidenced hereby and all obligations and rights of the Company and the Holder thereunder shall terminate if a Termination Event shall have occurred. Upon the occurrence of a Termination Event, the Company shall give written notice to the Agent and to the Holders, at their addresses as they appear in the Growth PRIDES Register. Upon and after the occurrence of a Termination Event, the Collateral Agent shall release the Pledged Treasury Securities (as defined in the Pledge Agreement) forming a part of each Growth PRIDES. The Growth PRIDES Certificates are issuable only in registered form and only in denominations of a single Growth PRIDES and any integral multiple thereof. The transfer of any Growth PRIDES Certificate will be registered and Growth PRIDES Certificates may be exchanged as provided in the Purchase Contract Agreement. The Growth PRIDES Registrar may require a Holder, among other things, to furnish appropriate endorsements and transfer documents permitted by the Purchase Contract Agreement. No service charge shall be required for any such registration of transfer or exchange, but the Company and the Agent may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge payable in connection therewith. A Holder who elects to substitute Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, for Treasury Securities, thereby recreating Income PRIDES, shall be responsible for any fees or expenses associated therewith. Except as provided in the Purchase Contract Agreement, for so long as the Purchase Contract underlying a Growth PRIDES remains in effect, such Growth PRIDES shall not be separable into its constituent parts, and the rights and obligations of the Holder of such Growth PRIDES in respect of the Treasury Security and the Purchase Contract constituting such Growth PRIDES may be transferred and exchanged only as a Growth PRIDES. A Holder of Growth PRIDES may recreate B-6 112 Income PRIDES by delivering to the Collateral Agent Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, with a Stated Amount, in the case of such Preferred Securities, or with the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest (as specified in clause (A) of the definition of such term) of the Treasury Portfolio, in the case of such appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, equal to the aggregate principal amount of the Pledged Treasury Securities in exchange for the release of such Pledged Treasury Securities in accordance with the terms of the Purchase Contract Agreement and the Pledge Agreement. From and after such substitution, the Holder's Security shall be referred to as an "Income PRIDES." Such substitution may cause the equivalent aggregate principal amount of this Certificate to be increased or decreased; provided, however, the equivalent aggregate principal amount outstanding under this Growth PRIDES Certificate shall not exceed $200,000,000. All such adjustments to the equivalent aggregate principal amount of this Growth PRIDES Certificate shall be duly recorded by placing an appropriate notation on the Schedule attached hereto. A Holder of an Income PRIDES may recreate a Growth PRIDES by delivering to the Collateral Agent Treasury Securities in an aggregate principal amount equal to the aggregate Stated Amount of the Pledged Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest (as specified in clause (A) of the definition of such term) of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, in exchange for the release of such Pledged Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, in accordance with the terms of the Purchase Contract Agreement and the Pledge Agreement. Any such recreation of a Growth PRIDES may be effected only in multiples of 20 Income PRIDES for 20 Growth PRIDES; provided, however, if a Tax Event Redemption has occurred and the Treasury Portfolio has become a component of the Income PRIDES, a Holder may make such Collateral Substitution in integral multiples of 32,000 Income PRIDES for 32,000 Growth PRIDES. Subject to the next succeeding paragraph, the Company shall pay, on each Payment Date, the Contract Adjustment Payments payable in respect of each Purchase Contract to the Person in whose name the Growth PRIDES Certificate evidencing such Purchase Contract is registered at the close of business on the Record Date for such Payment Date. Contract Adjustment Payments will be payable at the office of the Agent in The City of New York or, at the option of the Company, by check mailed to the address of the Person entitled thereto at such address as it appears on the Growth PRIDES Register. The Company shall have the right, at any time prior to the Purchase Contract Settlement Date, to defer the payment of any or all of the Contract Adjustment Payments otherwise payable on any Payment Date, but only if the Company shall give the Holders and the Agent written notice of its election to defer such payment (specifying the amount to be deferred) as provided in the Purchase Contract Agreement. Any Contract Adjustment Payments so deferred shall bear additional Contract Adjustment Payments thereon at the rate of ____% per annum (computed on the basis of a 360 day year of twelve 30 day B-7 113 months), compounding on each succeeding Payment Date, until paid in full (such deferred installments of Contract Adjustment Payments together with the additional Contract Adjustment Payments accrued thereon, are referred to herein as the "Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments"). Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments, if any, shall be due on the next succeeding Payment Date except to the extent that payment is deferred pursuant to the Purchase Contract Agreement. No Contract Adjustment Payments may be deferred to a date that is after the Purchase Contract Settlement Date. In the event that the Company elects to defer the payment of Contract Adjustment Payments on the Purchase Contracts until the Purchase Contract Settlement Date, the Holder of this Growth PRIDES Certificate will receive on the Purchase Contract Settlement Date, in lieu of a cash payment, a number of Shares of Common Stock equal to (x) the aggregate amount of Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments payable to the Holder of the Growth PRIDES Certificate divided by (y) the Applicable Market Value. In the event the Company exercises its option to defer the payment of Contract Adjustment Payments, then, until the Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments have been paid, the Company shall not declare or pay dividends on, make distributions with respect to, or redeem, purchase or acquire, or make a liquidation payment with respect to, any of its capital stock or make guarantee payments with respect to the foregoing (other than (i) purchases or acquisitions of shares of capital stock of the Company in connection with the satisfaction by the Company of its obligations under any employee or agent benefit plans or the satisfaction by the Company of its obligations pursuant to any contract or security outstanding on the date of such event requiring the Company to purchase capital stock of the Company, (ii) as a result of a reclassification of the Company's capital stock or the exchange or conversion of one class or series of the Company's capital stock for another class or series of the Company's capital stock, (iii) the purchase of fractional interests in shares of the Company's capital stock pursuant to the conversion or exchange provisions of the Company's capital stock or the security being converted or exchanged, (iv) dividends or distributions in capital stock of the Company (or rights to acquire capital stock) or repurchases or redemptions of capital stock solely from the issuance or exchange of capital stock or (v) redemptions or repurchases of any rights outstanding under a shareholder rights plan and the declaration thereunder of a dividend of right in the future). The Purchase Contracts and all obligations and rights of the Company and the Holders thereunder, including, without limitation, the rights of the Holders to receive and the obligation of the Company to pay Contract Adjustment Payments or any Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments, shall immediately and automatically terminate, without the necessity of any notice or action by any Holder, the Agent or the Company, if, on or prior to the Purchase Contract Settlement Date, a Termination Event shall have occurred. Upon the occurrence of a Termination Event, the Company shall promptly but in no event later than two business days thereafter give written notice to the Agent, the Collateral Agent and to the Holders, at their addresses as they appear in the Growth PRIDES Register. Upon and B-8 114 after the occurrence of a Termination Event, the Collateral Agent shall release the Treasury Securities from the Pledge in accordance with the provisions of the Pledge Agreement. Subject to and upon compliance with the provisions of the Purchase Contract Agreement, at the option of the Holder thereof, Purchase Contracts underlying Securities having an aggregate Stated Amount equal to $1,000 or an integral multiple thereof may be settled early ("Early Settlement") as provided in the Purchase Contract Agreement. In order to exercise the right to effect Early Settlement with respect to any Purchase Contracts evidenced by this Growth PRIDES Certificate, the Holder of this Growth PRIDES Certificate shall deliver this Growth PRIDES Certificate to the Agent at the Corporate Trust Office duly endorsed for transfer to the Company or in blank with the form of Election to Settle Early set forth below duly completed and accompanied by payment in the form of immediately available funds payable to the order of the Company in an amount (the "Early Settlement Amount") equal to (i) the product of (A) the Stated Amount times (B) the number of Purchase Contracts with respect to which the Holder has elected to effect Early Settlement, plus (ii) if such delivery is made with respect to any Purchase Contracts during the period from the close of business on any Record Date for any Payment Date to the opening of business on such Payment Date, an amount equal to the Contract Adjustment Payments payable, if any, on such Payment Date with respect to such Purchase Contracts. Upon Early Settlement of Purchase Contracts by a Holder of the related Securities, the Pledged Treasury Securities underlying such Securities shall be released from the Pledge as provided in the Pledge Agreement and the Holder shall be entitled to receive, a number of shares of Common Stock on account of each Purchase Contract forming part of a Growth PRIDES as to which Early Settlement is effected equal to shares of Common Stock per Purchase Contract (the "Early Settlement Rate"); provided however, that upon the Early Settlement of the Purchase Contracts, the Holder thereof will forfeit the right to receive any Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments on such Purchase Contracts. The Early Settlement Rate shall be adjusted in the same manner and at the same time as the Settlement Rate is adjusted as provided in the Purchase Contract Agreement. Upon registration of transfer of this Growth PRIDES Certificate, the transferee shall be bound (without the necessity of any other action on the part of such transferee, except as may be required by the Agent pursuant to the Purchase Contract Agreement), under the terms of the Purchase Contract Agreement and the Purchase Contracts evidenced hereby and the transferor shall be released from the obligations under the Purchase Contracts evidenced by this Growth PRIDES Certificate. The Company covenants and agrees, and the Holder, by his acceptance hereof, likewise covenants and agrees, to be bound by the provisions of this paragraph. The Holder of this Growth PRIDES Certificate, by his acceptance hereof, authorizes the Agent to enter into and perform the related Purchase Contracts forming part of the Growth PRIDES evidenced hereby on his behalf as its attorney-in-fact, expressly withholds any consent to the assumption (i.e., affirmance) of the Purchase Contracts by the Company B-9 115 or its trustee in the event that the Company becomes the subject of a case under the Bankruptcy Code, agrees to be bound by the terms and provisions thereof, covenants and agrees to perform its obligations under such Purchase Contracts, consents to the provisions of the Purchase Contract Agreement, authorizes the Agent to enter into and perform the Pledge Agreement on his behalf as his attorney-in-fact, and consents to the Pledge of the Treasury Securities underlying this Growth PRIDES Certificate pursuant to the Pledge Agreement. The Holder further covenants and agrees, that, to the extent and in the manner provided in the Purchase Contract Agreement and the Pledge Agreement, but subject to the terms thereof, payments in respect to the Stated Amount of the Pledged Treasury Securities on the Purchase Contract Settlement Date shall be paid by the Collateral Agent to the Company in satisfaction of such Holder's obligations under such Purchase Contract and such Holder shall acquire no right, title or interest in such payments. Subject to certain exceptions, the provisions of the Purchase Contract Agreement may be amended with the consent of the Holders of a majority of the Purchase Contracts. The Purchase Contracts shall for all purposes be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of New York. The Company, the Agent and its Affiliates and any agent of the Company or the Agent may treat the Person in whose name this Growth PRIDES Certificate is registered as the owner of the Growth PRIDES evidenced hereby for the purpose of receiving payments of interest on the Treasury Securities, receiving payments of Contract Adjustment Payments and any Deferred Contract Adjustment Payments, performance of the Purchase Contracts and for all other purposes whatsoever, whether or not any payments in respect thereof be overdue and notwithstanding any notice to the contrary, and neither the Company, the Agent nor any such agent shall be affected by notice to the contrary. The Purchase Contracts shall not, prior to the settlement thereof, entitle the Holder to any of the rights of a holder of shares of Common Stock. A copy of the Purchase Contract Agreement is available for inspection at the offices of the Agent. B-10 116 ABBREVIATIONS The following abbreviations, when used in the inscription on the face of this instrument, shall be construed as though they were written out in full according to applicable laws or regulations: TEN COM - as tenants in common UNIF GIFT MIN ACT - ------------Custodian------------ (cust) (minor) Under Uniform Gifts to Minors Act --------------------------------- (State) TEN ENT - as tenants by the entireties JT TEN - as joint tenants with right of survivorship and not as tenants in common Additional abbreviations may also be used though not in the above list. --------------------------------------------- FOR VALUE RECEIVED, the undersigned hereby sell(s), assign(s) and transfer(s) unto____________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ (Please insert Social Security or Taxpayer I.D. or other Identifying Number of Assignee)_______________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ (Please Print or Type Name and Address Including Postal Zip Code of Assignee) the within Growth PRIDES Certificates and all rights thereunder, hereby irrevocably constituting and appointing ________________________________________________________________________________ attorney to transfer said Growth PRIDES Certificates on the books of Kennametal Inc. with full power of substitution in the premises. Dated: _________________ ____________________________________ Signature NOTICE: The signature to this assignment must correspond with the name as it appears upon the face of the within Growth PRIDES Certificates in every particular, without alteration or enlargement or any change whatsoever. Signature Guarantee:_____________________________________ B-11 117 SETTLEMENT INSTRUCTIONS The undersigned Holder directs that a certificate for shares of Common Stock deliverable upon settlement on or after the Purchase Contract Settlement Date of the Purchase Contracts underlying the number of Growth PRIDES evidenced by this Growth PRIDES Certificate be registered in the name of, and delivered, together with a check in payment for any fractional share, to the undersigned at the address indicated below unless a different name and address have been indicated below. If shares are to be registered in the name of a Person other than the undersigned, the undersigned will pay any transfer tax payable incident thereto. Dated:____________________________ ________________________________________ Signature Signature Guarantee: If shares are to be registered in the name of and delivered to REGISTERED HOLDER a Person other than the Holder, please print such Person's name and address: Please print name and address of Regis- tered Holder: __________________________________ ________________________________________ Name Name __________________________________ ________________________________________ Address Address __________________________________ ________________________________________ __________________________________ ________________________________________ __________________________________ ________________________________________ Social Security or other Taxpayer Identification Number, if any ________________________________________ B-12 118 ELECTION TO SETTLE EARLY The undersigned Holder of this Growth PRIDES Certificate hereby irrevocably exercises the option to effect Early Settlement in accordance with the terms of the Purchase Contract Agreement with respect to the Purchase Contracts underlying the number of Growth PRIDES evidenced by this Growth PRIDES Certificate specified below. The option to effect Early Settlement may be exercised only with respect to Purchase Contracts underlying Growth PRIDES with an aggregate Stated Amount equal to $1,000 or an integral multiple thereof. The undersigned Holder directs that a certificate for shares of Common Stock deliverable upon such Early Settlement be registered in the name of, and delivered, together with a check in payment for any fractional share and any Growth PRIDES Certificate representing any Growth PRIDES evidenced hereby as to which Early Settlement of the related Purchase Contracts is not effected, to the undersigned at the address indicated below unless a different name and address have been indicated below. Pledged Treasury Securities deliverable upon such Early Settlement will be transferred in accordance with the transfer instructions set forth below. If shares are to be registered in the name of a Person other than the undersigned, the undersigned will pay any transfer tax payable incident thereto. Dated:____________________________ ________________________________________ Signature Signature Guarantee:___________________ B-13 119 Number of Securities evidenced hereby as to which Early Settlement of the related Purchase Contracts is being elected: If shares of Common Stock of Growth REGISTERED HOLDER PRIDES Certificates are to be regis- tered in the name of and delivered to and Pledged Treasury Securities are to be transferred to a Person other than the Holder, please print such Person's name and address: Please print name and address of Regis- tered Holder: __________________________________ ________________________________________ Name Name __________________________________ ________________________________________ Address Address __________________________________ ________________________________________ __________________________________ ________________________________________ __________________________________ ________________________________________ Social Security or other Taxpayer Identification Number, if any ________________________________________ Transfer Instructions for Pledged Treasury Securities Transferable Upon Early Settlement or a Termination Event: __________________________________ __________________________________ __________________________________ B-14 120 [TO BE ATTACHED TO GLOBAL CERTIFICATES] SCHEDULE OF INCREASES OR DECREASES IN GLOBAL CERTIFICATE The following increases or decreases in this Global Certificate have been made:
========================================================================================================================= Principal Amount of Amount of Amount of this Global Certificate Signature of autho- decrease in Principal increase in Principal following such de- rized officer of Amount of the Global Amount of the Global decrease or Trustee or Securities Date Certificate Certificate increase Custodian ========================================================================================================================= - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- =========================================================================================================================
B-15 121 EXHIBIT C INSTRUCTION FROM PURCHASE CONTRACT AGENT TO COLLATERAL AGENT The Chase Manhattan Bank 450 West 33rd Street, 15th Floor New York, NY 10010-2697 Attention: Corporate Trust Administration Department Re: FELINE PRIDES of Kennametal Inc. (the "Company"), and Kennametal Financing I We hereby notify you in accordance with Section 4.1 of the Pledge Agreement, dated as of January ___, 1998, among the Company, yourselves, as Collateral Agent, and ourselves, as Purchase Contract Agent and as attorney-in-fact for the holders of [Income PRIDES] [Growth PRIDES] from time to time, that the holder of securities listed below (the "Holder") has elected to substitute [$_____ aggregate [principal amount] of Treasury Securities] [$_______ Stated Amount of Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be,] in exchange for the [Pledged Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be,] [Pledged Treasury Securities] held by you in accordance with the Pledge Agreement and has delivered to us a notice stating that the Holder has Transferred [Treasury Securities] [Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be,] to you, as Collateral Agent. We hereby instruct you, upon receipt of such [Pledged Treasury Securities] [Pledged Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be], and upon the payment by such Holder of any applicable fees, to release the [Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be,] [Treasury Securities] related to such [Income PRIDES] [Growth PRIDES] to us in accordance with the Holder's instructions. Date:________________________ ________________________________________ By:_____________________________________ Name: Title: Signature Guarantee:____________________ 122 Please print name and address of Registered Holder electing to substitute [Treasury Securities] [Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be,] for the [Pledged Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be,] [Pledged Treasury Securities]: __________________________________ ____________________________________ Name Social Security or other Taxpayer Identification Number, if any __________________________________ Address __________________________________ __________________________________ 123 EXHIBIT D INSTRUCTION TO PURCHASE CONTRACT AGENT The First National Bank of Chicago One First National Plaza Suite 0126 Chicago, IL 60670-0126 Attention: Corporate Trust Services Division Re: FELINE PRIDES of Kennametal Inc. (the "Company"), and Kennametal Financing I The undersigned Holder hereby notifies you that it has delivered to __________________________, as Collateral Agent, $_______ aggregate principal amount of [Treasury Securities] [Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be,] in exchange for the [Pledged Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be,] [Pledged Treasury Securities] held by the Collateral Agent, in accordance with Section 4.1 of the Pledge Agreement, dated January ___, 1998, between you, the Company and the Collateral Agent. The undersigned Holder has paid the Collateral Agent all applicable fees relating to such exchange. The undersigned Holder hereby instructs you to instruct the Collateral Agent to release to you on behalf of the undersigned Holder the [Pledged Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be,] [Pledged Treasury Securities] related to such [Income PRIDES] [Growth PRIDES]. Dated:____________________________ _________________________________________ Signature Signature Guarantee:_____________________ Please print name and address of Registered Holder: __________________________________ _________________________________________ Name Social Security or other Taxpayer Identification Number, if any Address __________________________________ __________________________________ __________________________________ D-1 124 EXHIBIT E NOTICE TO SETTLE BY SEPARATE CASH The First National Bank of Chicago One First National Plaza Suite 0126 Chicago, IL 60670-0126 Attention: Corporate Trust Services Division Re: FELINE PRIDES of Kennametal Inc. (the "Company"), and Kennametal Financing I The undersigned Holder hereby irrevocably notifies you in accordance with Section 5.4 of the Purchase Contract Agreement, dated as of January ___, 1998 among the Company, yourselves, as Purchase Contract Agent and as Attorney-in-Fact for the Holders of the Purchase Contracts, that such Holder has elected to pay to the Collateral Agent, on or prior to 11:00 a.m. New York City time, on the Business Day immediately preceding the Purchase Contract Settlement Date, (in lawful money of the United States by [certified or cashiers check or] wire transfer, in each case in immediately available funds), $_________ as the Purchase Price for the shares of Common Stock issuable to such Holder by the Company under the related Purchase Contract on the Purchase Contract Settlement Date. The undersigned Holder hereby instructs you to notify promptly the Collateral Agent of the undersigned Holders election to make such cash settlement with respect to the Purchase Contracts related to such Holder's [Income PRIDES] [Growth PRIDES]. Dated:____________________________ ________________________________________ Signature Signature Guarantee:____________________ Please print name and address of Registered Holder: __________________________________ ________________________________________ Name Social Security or other Taxpayer Identification Number, if any Address __________________________________ __________________________________ __________________________________ E-1
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                                                                  Exhibit 4.3


                                KENNAMETAL INC.,

                           ---------------------------

                            THE CHASE MANHATTAN BANK,
                               as Collateral Agent

                                       AND

                       THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF CHICAGO,
                           as Purchase Contract Agent


                                PLEDGE AGREEMENT


                          Dated as of January __, 1998





   2



TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ---- Section 1. Definitions.......................................................................2 Section 2. Pledge; Control and Perfection....................................................7 Section 2.1. The Pledge........................................................................7 Section 2.2. Control and Perfection............................................................9 Section 3. Distributions on Pledged Collateral..............................................10 Section 4. Substitution, Release, Repledge and Settlement of Preferred Securities...........12 Section 4.1. Substitution of Preferred Securities and the Establishment of Growth PRIDES......12 Section 4.2. Pledge of Preferred Securities and Reestablishment of Income PRIDES..............13 Section 4.3. Termination Event................................................................14 Section 4.4. Cash Settlement..................................................................15 Section 4.5. Early Settlement.................................................................17 Section 4.6. Application of Proceeds Settlement...............................................17 Section 5. Voting Rights Preferred Securities..............................................19 Section 6. Rights and Remedies; Distribution of the Debentures; Tax Event Redemption........20 Section 6.1. Rights and Remedies of the Collateral Agent......................................20 Section 6.2. Distribution of the Debentures; Tax Event Redemption.............................22 Section 6.3. Substitutions. ..................................................................23 Section 7. Representations and Warranties; Covenants........................................23
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Page ---- Section 7.1. Representations and Warranties...................................................23 Section 7.2. Covenants........................................................................24 Section 8. The Collateral Agent.............................................................25 Section 8.1. Appointment, Powers and Immunities...............................................25 Section 8.2. Instructions of the Company......................................................26 Section 8.3. Reliance by Collateral Agent.....................................................26 Section 8.4. Rights in Other Capacities.......................................................27 Section 8.5. NonReliance on Collateral Agent..................................................27 Section 8.6. Compensation and Indemnity.......................................................28 Section 8.7. Failure to Act...................................................................28 Section 8.8. Resignation of Collateral Agent..................................................29 Section 8.9. Right to Appoint Agent or Advisor................................................30 Section 8.10. Survival.........................................................................30 Section 8.11. Exculpation......................................................................30 Section 9. Amendment........................................................................30 Section 9.1. Amendment Without Consent of Holders.............................................30 Section 9.2. Amendment with Consent of Holders................................................31 Section 9.3. Execution of Amendments..........................................................32 Section 9.4. Effect of Amendments.............................................................32 Section 9.5. Reference to Amendments..........................................................32 Section 10. Miscellaneous....................................................................33 Section 10.1. No Waiver........................................................................33
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Page ---- Section 10.2. Governing Law.......................................................................33 Section 10.3. Notices.............................................................................33 Section 10.4. Successors and Assigns..............................................................34 Section 10.5. Counterparts........................................................................34 Section 10.6. Severability........................................................................34 Section 10.7. Expenses, etc.......................................................................34 Section 10.8. Security Interest Absolute..........................................................35 EXHIBIT A INSTRUCTION TO COLLATERAL AGENT EXHIBIT B INSTRUCTION TO PURCHASE CONTRACT AGENT
iii 5 PLEDGE AGREEMENT PLEDGE AGREEMENT, dated as of January __, 1998 (this "Agreement"), among Kennametal Inc., a Pennsylvania corporation (the "Company"), The Chase Manhattan Bank, a New York banking corporation, not individually but solely as collateral agent (in such capacity, together with its successors in such capacity, the "Collateral Agent") and in its capacity as a "securities intermediary" as defined in Section 8-102(a)(14) of the Code (as defined herein) (in such capacity, together with its successors in such capacity, the "Securities Intermediary"), and The First National Bank of Chicago, not individually but solely as purchase contract agent and as attorney in fact of the Holders (as defined in the Purchase Contract Agreement) from time to time of the Securities (as hereinafter defined) (in such capacity, together with its successors in such capacity, the "Purchase Contract Agent") under the Purchase Contract Agreement (as hereinafter defined). RECITALS The Company and the Purchase Contract Agent are parties to the Purchase Contract Agreement, dated as of the date hereof (as modified and supplemented and in effect from time to time, the "Purchase Contract Agreement"), pursuant to which there may be issued up to 4,500,000 FELINE PRIDES (the "Securities"). Each Security, at issuance, consists of a unit (the "Income PRIDES") comprised of (a) one stock purchase contract (the "Purchase Contract") under which (i) the Holder will purchase from the Company on February 16, 2001, for an amount equal to the Stated Amount, a number of shares of Common Stock equal to the Settlement Rate, and (ii) the Company will pay the Holder Contract Adjustment Payments, if any, and (b) either beneficial ownership of a ____% Trust Originated Preferred Security (a "Preferred Security") issued by Kennametal Financing I (the "Trust"), having a liquidation amount equal to $50 (the "Stated Amount") and maturing on February 16, 2003 or upon the occurrence of a Tax Event Redemption, the Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio. Pursuant to the terms of the Purchase Contract Agreement and the Purchase Contracts, the Holders, from time to time, of the Securities have irrevocably autho- 6 rized the Purchase Contract Agent, as attorney-in-fact of such Holders, among other things, to execute and deliver this Agreement on behalf of such Holders and to grant the pledge provided hereby of the Preferred Securities and any Treasury Securities delivered in exchange therefor to secure each Holder's obligations under the related Purchase Contract, as provided herein and subject to the terms hereof. Upon such pledge, the Preferred Securities will be beneficially owned by the Holders but will be owned of record by the Purchase Contract Agent subject to the Pledge hereunder. Accordingly, the Company, the Collateral Agent, the Securities Intermediary and the Purchase Contract Agent, on its own behalf and as attorney-in-fact of the Holders from time to time of the Securities, agree as follows: Section 1. Definitions. For all purposes of this Agreement, except as otherwise expressly provided or unless the context otherwise requires: (a) the terms defined in this Article have the meanings assigned to them in this Article and include the plural as well as the singular; (b) the words "herein," "hereof" and "hereunder" and other words of similar import refer to this Agreement as a whole and not to any particular Article, Section or other subdivision; (c) the following terms have the meanings assigned to them in the Purchase Contract Agreement: (i) Act, (ii) Agent, (iii) Board Resolution, (iv) Cash Settlement, (v) Certificate, (vi) Common Stock, (vii) Contract Adjustment Payments, (viii) Debentures, (ix) Early Settlement, (x) Early Settlement Amount, (xi) Early Settlement Date, (xii) Failed Remarketing, (xiii) Holder, (xiv) Opinion of Counsel, (xv) Outstanding Securities, (xvi) Purchase Agreement, (xvii) Purchase Contract, (xviii) Purchase Contract Settlement Date, (xix) Purchase Price, (xx) Remarketing Agent, (xxi) Remarketing Agreement, (xxii) Remarketing Purchase Agreement, (xxiii) Settlement Rate, and (xxiv) Termination Event; and 2 7 (d) the following terms have the meanings assigned to them in the Declaration: (i) Applicable Ownership Interest (ii) Applicable Principal Amount, (iii) Institutional Trustee, (iv) Investment Company Event,(v) Primary Treasury Dealer, (vi) Quotation Agent, (vii) Redemption Amount, (viii) Redemption Price, (ix) Tax Event, (x) Tax Event Redemption, (xi) Tax Event Redemption Date, (xii) Treasury Portfolio, (xiii) Treasury Portfolio Purchase Price. "Agreement" means this instrument as originally executed or as it may from time to time be supplemented or amended by one or more agreements supplemental hereto entered into pursuant to the applicable provisions hereof. "Bankruptcy Code" means title 11 of the United States Code, or any other law of the United States that from time to time provides a uniform system of bankruptcy laws. "Business Day" means any day other than a Saturday, a Sunday or any other day on which banking institutions in The City of New York (in the State of New York) are permitted or required by any applicable law to close. "Cash" means any coin or currency of the United States as at the time shall be legal tender for payment of public and private debts. "Code" has the meaning specified in Section 6.1 hereof. "Collateral" has the meaning specified in Section 2.1 hereof. "Collateral Account" means the trust account (number ) maintained at The Chase Manhattan Bank in the name "The First National Bank of Chicago", as Purchase Contract Agent on behalf of the holders of certain securities of Kennametal Financing I, Collateral Account subject to the security interest of The Chase Manhattan Bank, as Collateral Agent, for the benefit of Kennametal Inc., as pledgee" and any successor account. "Collateral Agent" has the meaning specified in the first paragraph of this instrument. 3 8 "Company" means the Person named as the "Company" in the first paragraph of this instrument until a successor shall have become such, and thereafter "Company" shall mean such successor. "Debenture Trustee" means The First National Bank of Chicago, as trustee under the Indenture until a successor is appointed thereunder, and thereafter means such successor trustee. "Declaration" means the Amended and Restated Agreement of Trust, dated as of January __, 1998, among the Company as sponsor, the trustees named therein and the holders from time to time of undivided beneficial interests in the assets of the Trust. "Growth PRIDES" means a Purchase Contract with respect to which Treasury Securities have been substituted for Preferred Securities, Debentures or for the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, as collateral to secure the Holder's obligations under such Purchase Contract. "Intermediary" means any entity that in the ordinary course of its business maintains securities accounts for others and is acting in that capacity. "Permitted Investments" means any one of the following which shall mature not later than the next succeeding Business Day (i) any evidence of indebtedness with an original maturity of 365 days or less issued, or directly and fully guaranteed or insured, by the United States of America or any agency or instrumentality thereof (provided that the full faith and credit of the United States of America is pledged in support thereof or such indebtedness constitutes a general obligation of it); (ii) deposits, certificates of deposit or acceptances with an original maturity of 365 days or less of any institution which is a member of the Federal Reserve System having combined capital and surplus and undivided profits of not less than US$ 200.0 million at the time of deposit; (iii) investments with an original maturity of 365 days or less of any Person that is fully and unconditionally guaranteed by a bank referred to in clause (ii); (iv) repurchase agreements and reverse repurchase agreements relating to marketable direct obligations issued or unconditionally guaranteed by the United States Govern- 4 9 ment or issued by any agency thereof and backed by the full faith and credit of the United States Government; (v) investments in commercial paper, other than commercial paper issued by the Company or its affiliates, of any corporation incorporated under the laws of the United States or any State thereof, which commercial paper has a rating at the time of purchase at least equal to "A-1" by Standard & Poor's Ratings Services or at least equal to "P-1" by Moody's Investors Service, Inc.; and (vi) investments in money market funds registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, rated in the highest applicable rating category by S&P or Moody's. "Person" means any individual, corporation, limited liability company, partnership, joint venture, association, jointstock company, trust, unincorporated organization or government or any agency or political subdivision thereof. "Pledge" has the meaning specified in Section 2.1 hereof. "Pledged Preferred Securities" has the meaning specified in Section 2.1 hereof. "Pledged Treasury Securities" has the meaning specified in Section 2.1 hereof. "Preferred Securities" has the meaning specified in the Recitals. "Proceeds" means all interest, dividends, cash, instruments, securities, financial assets (as defined in Section 8-102(a)(9) of the Code) and other property from time to time received, receivable or otherwise distributed upon the sale, exchange, collection or disposition of the Collateral or any proceeds thereof. "Purchase Contract" has the meaning specified in the Recitals. "Purchase Contract Agent" has the meaning specified in the first paragraph of this Agreement. "Purchase Contract Agreement" has the meaning specified in the Recitals. 5 10 "Securities" has the meaning specified in the Recitals. "Securities Intermediary" has the meaning specified in the first paragraph of this Agreement. "Security Entitlement" has the meaning set forth in Section 8-102(a)(17) of the Code. "Stated Amount" has the meaning specified in the Recitals. "TRADES" means the Treasury/Reserve Automated Debt Entry System maintained by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York pursuant to the TRADES Regulations. "TRADES Regulations" means the regulations of the United States Department of the Treasury, published at 31 C.F.R. Part 357, as amended from time to time. Unless otherwise defined herein, all terms defined in the TRADES Regulations are used herein as therein defined. "Transfer" means, with respect to the Collateral and in accordance with the instructions of the Collateral Agent, the Purchase Contract Agent or the Holder, as applicable: (i) in the case of Collateral consisting of securities which cannot be delivered by book-entry or which the parties agree are to be delivered in physical form, delivery in appropriate physical form to the recipient accompanied by any duly executed instruments of transfer, assignments in blank, transfer tax stamps and any other documents necessary to constitute a legally valid transfer to the recipient; (ii) in the case of Collateral consisting of securities maintained in book-entry form by causing a "securities intermediary" (as defined in Section 8-102(a)(14) of the Code) to (i) credit a "securities entitlement" (as defined in Section 8-102(a)(17) of the Code) with respect to such securities to a "securities account" (as defined in Section 8501(a) of the Code) maintained by or on behalf of 6 11 the recipient; (ii) to issue a confirmation to the recipient with respect to such credit and (iii) to make appropriate notations in its books to reflect the security interest of the recipient in such securities. "Treasury Security" means a zero coupon U.S. Treasury Security (Cusip Number 91280 AZ0) which are the principal strips of the 7:% U.S. Treasury Securities which mature on February 15, 2001. "Trust" has the meaning specified in the Recitals. "Value" with respect to any item of Collateral on any date means, as to (i) a Preferred Security, the Stated Amount, (ii) Cash, the face amount thereof and (iii) Treasury Securities, the aggregate principal amount thereof at maturity. Section 2. Pledge; Control and Perfection. Section 2.1. The Pledge. The Holders from time to time acting through the Purchase Contract Agent, as their attorney-in-fact, hereby pledge and grant to the Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the Company, as collateral security for the performance when due by such Holders of their respective obligations under the related Purchase Contracts, a security interest in (i) all of the right, title and interest of such Holders (a) in the Preferred Securities constituting a part of the Securities and all Proceeds thereof and any Treasury Securities delivered in exchange for such Preferred Securities in accordance with Section 4 hereof, in each case that have been Transferred to or received by the Collateral Agent and not released by the Collateral Agent to such Holders under the provisions of this Agreement (the "Collateral"); (b) in payments made by Holders pursuant to Section 4.4; (c) in the Collateral Account and all securities, financial assets and other property credited thereto and all Security Entitlements related thereto; (d) in any Debentures delivered to the Collateral Agent upon the occurrence of an Investment Company Event or a liquidation of the Trust as provided in Section 6.2; (e) in the Treasury Portfolio purchased on behalf of the Holders of Income PRIDES by the Collateral Agent upon the occurrence of a Tax Event Redemption as provided in Section 6.2 and (f) all proceeds of the foregoing. Prior to or concurrently with 7 12 the execution and delivery of this Agreement, the Purchase Contract Agent, on behalf of the initial Holders of the Income PRIDES, shall cause the Preferred Securities comprising a part of the Income PRIDES to be delivered to the Collateral Agent for the benefit of the Company by physically delivering such securities to the Collateral Agent endorsed in blank and the Collateral Agent delivering such securities to the Securities Intermediary and causing the Securities Intermediary to credit the Collateral Account with such securities and send the Collateral Agent a confirmation of the deposit of such securities. In the event a Holder of Income PRIDES so elects, such Holder may Transfer Treasury Securities to the Collateral Agent for the benefit of the Company in exchange for the release by the Collateral Agent on behalf of the Company of Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, with an aggregate stated liquidation amount equal to the aggregate principal amount of the Treasury Securities so Transferred, in the case of Preferred Securities, or with an appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest (as specified in clause (A) of the definition of such term) of the Treasury Portfolio equal to the aggregate principal amount of the Treasury Securities so transferred, in the event that a Tax Event Redemption has occurred, to the Purchase Contract Agent on behalf of such Holder. Treasury Securities and the Treasury Portfolio, as applicable, shall be Transferred to the Collateral Account maintained by the Collateral Agent at the Securities Intermediary by book-entry transfer to the Collateral Account in accordance with the TRADES Regulations and other applicable law and by the notation by the Securities Intermediary on its books that a Security Entitlement with respect to such Treasury Securities or Treasury Portfolio, has been credited to the Collateral Account. For purposes of perfecting the Pledge under applicable law, including, to the extent applicable, the TRADES Regulations of the Uniform Commercial Code as adopted and in effect in any applicable jurisdiction, the Collateral Agent shall be the agent of the Company as provided herein. The pledge provided in this Section 2.1 is herein referred to as the "Pledge" and the Preferred Securities (or the Debentures that are delivered pursuant to Section 6.2 hereof) or Treasury Securities subject to the Pledge, excluding any Preferred Securities (or the Debentures that are delivered pursuant to Section 6.2 hereof) or Treasury Securities released 8 13 from the Pledge as provided in Section 4 hereof, are hereinafter referred to as "Pledged Preferred Securities" or the "Pledged Treasury Securities," respectively. Subject to the Pledge and the provisions of Section 2.2 hereof, the Holders from time to time shall have full beneficial ownership of the Collateral. Whenever directed by the Collateral Agent acting on behalf of the Company, the Securities Intermediary shall have the right to reregister the Preferred Securities or any other securities held in physical form in its name. Except as may be required in order to release Preferred Securities in connection with a Holder's election to convert its investment from an Income PRIDES to a Growth PRIDES, or except as otherwise required to release securities as specified herein, neither the Collateral Agent nor the Securities Intermediary shall relinquish physical possession of any certificate evidencing a Preferred Security prior to the termination of this Agreement. If it becomes necessary for the Securities Intermediary to relinquish physical possession of a certificate in order to release a portion of the Preferred Securities evidenced thereby from the Pledge, the Securities Intermediary shall use its best efforts to obtain physical possession of a replacement certificate evidencing any Preferred Securities remaining subject to the Pledge hereunder registered to it or endorsed in blank within fifteen days of the date it relinquished possession. The Collateral Agent shall promptly notify the Company of the Securities Intermediary's failure to obtain possession of any such replacement certificate as required hereby. Section 2.2. Control and Perfection. In connection with the Pledge granted in Section 2.1, and subject to the other provisions of this Agreement, the Holders from time to time acting through the Purchase Contract Agent, as their attorney-in-fact, hereby authorize and direct the Securities Intermediary (without the necessity of obtaining the further consent of the Purchase Contract Agent or any of the Holders), and the Securities Intermediary agrees, to comply with and follow any instructions and entitlement orders (as defined in Section 8-102(a)(8) of the Code) that the Collateral Agent on behalf of the Company may give in writing with respect to the Collateral Account, the Collateral credited thereto and any security entitlements with respect to any thereof. Such 9 14 instructions and entitlement orders may, without limitation, direct the Securities Intermediary to transfer, redeem, sell, liquidate, assign, deliver or otherwise dispose of the Preferred Securities, the Treasury Securities, the Treasury Portfolio, and any Security Entitlements with respect thereto and to pay and deliver any income, proceeds or other funds derived therefrom to the Company. The Holders from time to time acting through the Purchase Contract Agent hereby further authorize and direct the Collateral Agent, as agent of the Company, to itself issue instructions and entitlement orders, and to otherwise take action, with respect to the Collateral Account, the Collateral credited thereto and any security entitlements with respect to any thereof, pursuant to the terms and provisions hereof, all without the necessity of obtaining the further consent of the Purchase Contract Agent or any of the Holders. The Collateral Agent shall be the Agent of the Company and shall act as directed in writing by the Company. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Collateral Agent shall issue entitlement orders to the Securities Intermediary when and as directed by the Company. Section 3. Distributions on Pledged Collateral. So long as the Purchase Contract Agent is the registered owner of the Pledged Preferred Securities, it shall receive all payments thereon. If the Pledged Preferred Securities are reregistered, such that the Collateral Agent becomes the registered holder, all payments of the Stated Amount of or, if applicable, the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest (as specified in clause (A) of the definition of such term) of the Treasury Portfolio, or cash distributions on, the Pledged Preferred Securities or on the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest (as specified in clause (B) of the definition of such term) of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, and all payments of the principal of, or cash distributions on, any Pledged Treasury Securities received by the Collateral Agent that are properly payable hereunder shall be paid by the Collateral Agent by wire transfer in same day funds: (i) In the case of (A) cash distributions with respect to the Pledged Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest (as specified in clause (B) of the definition of such term) of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, 10 15 and (B) any payments of the Stated Amount or, if applicable, the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest (as specified in clause (A) of the definition of such term) of the Treasury Portfolio with respect to any Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, that have been released from the Pledge pursuant to Section 4.3 hereof, to the Purchase Contract Agent, for the benefit of the relevant Holders of Securities, to the account designated by the Purchase Contract Agent for such purpose, no later than 2:00 p.m., New York City time, on the Business Day such payment is received by the Collateral Agent (provided that in the event such payment is received by the Collateral Agent on a day that is not a Business Day or after 12:30 p.m., New York City time, on a Business Day, then such payment shall be made no later than 10:30 a.m., New York City time, on the next succeeding Business Day); (ii) In the case of any principal payments with respect to any Treasury Securities that have been released from the Pledge pursuant to Section 4.3 hereof, to the Holders of the Growth PRIDES to the accounts designated by them in writing for such purpose no later than 2:00 p.m., New York City time, on the Business Day such payment is received by the Collateral Agent (provided that in the event such payment is received by the Collateral Agent on a day that is not a Business Day or after 12:30 p.m., New York City time, on a Business Day, then such payment shall be made no later than 10:30 a.m., New York City time, on the next succeeding Business Day); and (iii) In the case of payments of the Stated Amount of any Pledged Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest (as specified in clause (A) of the definition of such term) of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, or the principal of any Pledged Treasury Securities, to the Company on the Purchase Contract Settlement Date in accordance with the procedure set forth in Section 4.6(a) or 4.6(b) hereof, in full satisfaction of the respective obligations of the Holders under the related Purchase Contracts. 11 16 All payments received by the Purchase Contract Agent as provided herein shall be applied by the Purchase Contract Agent pursuant to the provisions of the Purchase Contract Agreement. If, notwithstanding the foregoing, the Purchase Contract Agent shall receive any payments of the Stated Amount or, if applicable, the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest (as specified in clause (A) of the definition of such term) on account of any Preferred Security or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, as applicable that, at the time of such payment, is a Pledged Preferred Security or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, or a Holder of a Growth PRIDES shall receive any payments of principal on account of any Treasury Securities that, at the time of such payment, are Pledged Treasury Securities, the Purchase Contract Agent or such Holder shall hold the same as trustee of an express trust for the benefit of the Company (and promptly deliver the same over to the Company) for application to the obligations of the Holders under the related Purchase Contracts, and the Holders shall acquire no right, title or interest in any such payments of Stated Amount or principal so received. Section 4. Substitution, Release, Repledge and Settlement of Preferred Securities. Section 4.1. Substitution of Preferred Securities and the Establishment of Growth PRIDES. At any time on or prior to the fifth Business Day immediately preceding the Purchase Contract Settlement Date (unless a Tax Event Redemption has occurred), a Holder of Income PRIDES shall have the right to substitute Treasury Securities for the Pledged Preferred Securities securing such Holder's obligations under the Purchase Contract(s) comprising a part of its Income PRIDES in integral multiples of 20 Income PRIDES by (a) Transferring to the Collateral Agent Treasury Securities having a Value equal to the Stated Amount of the Pledged Preferred Securities to be released and (b) delivering the related Income PRIDES to the Purchase Contract Agent, accompanied by a notice, substantially in the form of Exhibit B hereto, to the Purchase Contract Agent stating that such Holder has Transferred Treasury Securities to the Collateral Agent pursuant to clause (a) above (stating the Value of the Treasury Securities Transferred by such Holder) and requesting that the Purchase Contract Agent instruct the Collat- 12 17 eral Agent to release from the Pledge the Pledged Preferred Securities related to such Income PRIDES. The Purchase Contract Agent shall instruct the Collateral Agent in the form provided in Exhibit A; provided, however, that if a Tax Event Redemption has occurred and the Treasury Portfolio has become a component of the Income PRIDES, Holders of Income PRIDES may make such substitution only in integral multiples of 32,000 Income PRIDES at any time on or prior to the second Business Day immediately preceding the Purchase Contract Settlement Date. Upon receipt of Treasury Securities from a Holder of Income PRIDES and the related instruction from the Purchase Contract Agent, the Collateral Agent shall release the Pledged Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, and shall promptly Transfer such Pledged Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, free and clear of any lien, pledge or security interest created hereby, to the Purchase Contract Agent. Section 4.2. Pledge of Preferred Securities and Re-establishment of Income PRIDES. At any time on or prior to the fifth Business Day immediately preceding the Purchase Contract Settlement Date (unless a Tax Event Redemption has occurred), a Holder of Growth PRIDES shall have the right to establish or reestablish Income PRIDES consisting of the Purchase Contracts and Preferred Securities in integral multiples of 20 Income PRIDES by (a) Transferring to the Collateral Agent Preferred Securities having a Value equal to the Stated Amount of the Pledged Treasury Securities to be released and (b) delivering the related Growth PRIDES to the Purchase Contract Agent, accompanied by a notice, substantially in the form of Exhibit B hereto, to the Purchase Contract Agent stating that such Holder has transferred Preferred Securities to the Collateral Agent pursuant to clause (a) above and requesting that the Purchase Contract Agent instruct the Collateral Agent to release from the Pledge the Pledged Treasury Securities related to such Growth PRIDES. The Purchase Contract Agent shall instruct the Collateral Agent in the form provided in Exhibit A; provided, however, that if a Tax Event Redemption has occurred and the Treasury Portfolio has become a component of the Income PRIDES, Holders of Growth PRIDES may make such substitution only in integral multiples of 32,000 Growth PRIDES, 13 18 at any time on or prior to the Business Day immediately preceding the Purchase Contract Settlement Date. Upon receipt of the Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, from such Holder and the instruction from the Purchase Contract Agent, the Collateral Agent shall release the Treasury Securities and shall promptly Transfer such Treasury Securities, free and clear of any lien, pledge or security interest created hereby, to the Purchase Contract Agent. Section 4.3. Termination Event. Upon receipt by the Collateral Agent of written notice from the Company or the Purchase Contract Agent that there has occurred a Termination Event, the Collateral Agent shall release all Collateral from the Pledge and shall promptly Transfer any Pledged Preferred Securities (or the Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio if a Tax Event Redemption has occurred) and Pledged Treasury Securities to the Purchase Contract Agent for the benefit of the Holders of the Income PRIDES and the Growth PRIDES, respectively, free and clear of any lien, pledge or security interest or other interest created hereby. If such Termination Event shall result from the Company's becoming a debtor under the Bankruptcy Code, and if the Collateral Agent shall for any reason fail promptly to effectuate the release and Transfer of all Pledged Preferred Securities, the Treasury Portfolio or of the Pledged Treasury Securities, as the case may be, as provided by this Section 4.3, the Purchase Contract Agent shall (i) use its best efforts to obtain an opinion of a nationally recognized law firm reasonably acceptable to the Collateral Agent to the effect that, as a result of the Company's being the debtor in such a bankruptcy case, the Collateral Agent will not be prohibited from releasing or Transferring the Collateral as provided in this Section 4.3, and shall deliver such opinion to the Collateral Agent within ten days after the occurrence of such Termination Event, and if (y) the Purchase Contract Agent shall be unable to obtain such opinion within ten days after the occurrence of such Termination Event or (z) the Collateral Agent shall continue, after delivery of such opinion, to refuse to effectuate the release and Transfer of all Pledged Preferred Securities, of the Treasury Portfolio or of the Pledged Treasury Securities, as the case may be, as provided in this Section 4.3, then 14 19 the Purchase Contract Agent shall within fifteen days after the occurrence of such Termination Event commence an action or proceeding in the court with jurisdiction of the Company's case under the Bankruptcy Code seeking an order requiring the Collateral Agent to effectuate the release and transfer of all Pledged Preferred Securities, of the Treasury Portfolio or of the Pledged Treasury Securities, as the case may be, as provided by this Section 4.3 or (ii) commence an action or proceeding like that described in subsection (i)(z) hereof within ten days after the occurrence of such Termination Event. Section 4.4. Cash Settlement. (a) Upon receipt by the Collateral Agent of (i) a notice from the Purchase Contract Agent promptly after the receipt by the Purchase Contract Agent of such notice that a Holder of an Income PRIDES or Growth PRIDES has elected, in accordance with the procedures specified in Section 5.4(a)(i) or (d)(i) of the Purchase Contract Agreement, respectively, to settle its Purchase Contract with cash and (ii) payment by such Holder on or prior to 11:00 a.m., New York City time, on the Business Day immediately preceding the Purchase Contract Settlement Date in lawful money of the United States by certified or cashiers' check or wire transfer in immediately available funds payable to or upon the order of the Company, then the Collateral Agent shall, upon the written direction of the Purchase Contract Agent, promptly invest any Cash received from a Holder in connection with a Cash Settlement in Permitted Investments. Upon receipt of the proceeds upon the maturity of the Permitted Investments on the Purchase Contract Settlement Date, the Collateral Agent shall pay the portion of such proceeds and deliver any certified or cashiers' checks received, in an aggregate amount equal to the Purchase Price, to the Company on the Purchase Contract Settlement Date, and shall distribute any funds in respect of the interest earned from the Permitted Investments to the Purchase Contract Agent for payment to the relevant Holders. (b) If a Holder of an Income PRIDES fails to notify the Agent of its intention to make a Cash Settlement in accordance with paragraph 5.4(a)(i) of the Purchase Contract Agreement, such failure shall constitute an event of default under the Purchase Contract Agreement and hereunder, and the Holder shall be deemed to have consented to the disposition of the pledged Preferred 15 20 Securities pursuant to the remarketing as described in paragraph 5.4(b) of the Purchase Contract Agreement, which is incorporated herein by reference. If a Holder of an Income PRIDES does notify the Agent as provided in paragraph 5.4(a)(i) of the Purchase Contract Agreement of its intention to pay the Purchase Price in cash, but fails to make such payment as required by paragraph 5.4(a)(ii) of the Purchase Contract Agreement, the Preferred Securities of such a Holder will not be remarketed but instead the Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the Company, will exercise its rights as a secured party with respect to such Preferred Securities at the direction of the Company. In addition, in the event of a Failed Remarketing as described in paragraph 5.4(b) of the Purchase Contract Agreement, such Failed Remarketing shall constitute an event of default hereunder by such Holder and the Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the Company, will also exercise its rights as a secured party with respect to such Preferred Securities at the direction of the Company. (c) If a Holder of a Growth PRIDES fails to notify the Purchase Contract Agent of such Holder's intention to make a Cash Settlement in accordance with paragraph 5.4(d)(i) of the Purchase Contract Agreement, or if a Holder of an Income PRIDES does notify the Agent as provided in paragraph (d)(i) of the Purchase Contract Agreement of its intention to pay the Purchase Price in cash, but fails to make such payment as required by paragraph 5.4(d)(ii) of the Purchase Contract Agreement, such failure shall constitute an event of default hereunder by such Holder and upon the maturity of any Pledged Treasury Securities or the Treasury Portfolio, if any, held by the Collateral Agent on the Business Day immediately preceding the Purchase Contract Settlement Date, the principal amount of the Pledged Treasury Securities or the Treasury Portfolio received by the Collateral Agent shall, upon written direction of the Purchase Contract Agent, be invested promptly in Permitted Investments. On the Purchase Contract Settlement Date, an amount equal to the Purchase Price will be remitted to the Company as payment thereof. In the event the sum of the proceeds from the related Pledged Treasury Securities or the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, and the investment earnings earned from such investments is in excess of the aggregate Purchase Price of the Purchase Contracts being settled thereby, the Collateral Agent will distribute 16 21 such excess to the Purchase Contract Agent for the benefit of the Holder of the related Growth PRIDES or Income PRIDES when received. Section 4.5. Early Settlement. Upon written notice to the Collateral Agent by the Purchase Contract Agent that one or more Holders of Securities have elected to effect Early Settlement of their respective obligations under the Purchase Contracts forming a part of such Securities in accordance with the terms of the Purchase Contracts and the Purchase Contract Agreement (setting forth the number of such Purchase Contracts as to which such Holders have elected to effect Early Settlement), and that the Purchase Contract Agent has received from such Holders, and paid to the Company as confirmed in writing by the Company, the related Early Settlement Amounts pursuant to the terms of the Purchase Contracts and the Purchase Contract Agreement and that all conditions to such Early Settlement have been satisfied, then the Collateral Agent shall release from the Pledge, (a) Pledged Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio in the case of a Holder of Income PRIDES or (b) Pledged Treasury Securities in the case of a Holder of Growth PRIDES, as the case may be, with a principal amount equal to the product of (i) the Stated Amount times (ii) the number of such Purchase Contracts as to which such Holders have elected to effect Early Settlement and shall Transfer all such Pledged Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio or Pledged Treasury Securities, as the case may be, free and clear of the Pledge created hereby, to the Purchase Contract Agent for the benefit of the Holders. Section 4.6. Application of Proceeds Settlement. (a) In the event a Holder of Income PRIDES (if a Tax Event Redemption has not occurred) has not elected to make an effective Cash Settlement by notifying the Purchase Contract Agent in the manner provided for in paragraph 5.4(a)(i) in the Purchase Contract Agreement or has not made an Early Settlement of the Purchase Contract(s) underlying its Income PRIDES, such Holder shall be deemed to have elected to pay for the shares of Common Stock to be issued under such Purchase Contract(s) from the Proceeds of the related Pledged Preferred Securities. The Collateral Agent shall, by 10:00 a.m., New York City time, on the fourth Business Day immediately preceding 17 22 the Purchase Contract Settlement Date, without any instruction from such Holder of Income PRIDES, present the related Pledged Preferred Securities to the Remarketing Agent for remarketing. Upon receiving such Pledged Preferred Securities, the Remarketing Agent, pursuant to the terms of the Remarketing Agreement and the Remarketing Purchase Agreement, will use its reasonable efforts to remarket such Pledged Preferred Securities on such date at a price not less than approximately 100.5% of the aggregate Stated Amount of such Pledged Preferred Securities, plus accrued and unpaid distributions (including deferred distributions), if any, thereon. After deducting as the Remarketing Fee an amount not exceeding 25 basis points (.25%) of the aggregate Stated Amount of the Pledged Preferred Securities from any amount of such Proceeds in excess of the aggregate Stated Amount, plus such accrued and unpaid distributions (including deferred distributions) of the remarketed Pledged Preferred Securities, the Remarketing Agent will remit the entire amount of the Proceeds of such remarketing to the Collateral Agent. On the Purchase Contract Settlement Date, the Collateral Agent shall apply that portion of the Proceeds from such remarketing equal to the aggregate Stated Amount, plus such accrued and unpaid distributions (including deferred distributions) of such Pledged Preferred Securities, to satisfy in full the obligations of such Holders of Income PRIDES to pay the Purchase Price to purchase the Common Stock under the related Purchase Contracts. The remaining portion of such Proceeds, if any, shall be distributed by the Collateral Agent to the Purchase Contract Agent for payment to the Holders. If the Remarketing Agent advises the Collateral Agent in writing that it cannot remarket the related Pledged Preferred Securities of such Holders of Income PRIDES at a price not less than 100% of the aggregate Stated Amount of such Pledged Preferred Securities plus any accrued and unpaid distributions (including deferred distributions), thus resulting in a Failed Remarketing and an event of default under the Purchase Contract Agreement and hereunder, the Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the Company will, at the written direction of the Company, dispose of the Pledged Preferred Securities in accordance with applicable law and satisfy in full, from such disposition, such Holder's obligation to pay the Purchase Price for the Common Stock. 18 23 (b) In the event a Holder of Growth PRIDES or Income PRIDES (if a Tax Event Redemption has occurred) has not made an Early Settlement of the Purchase Contract(s) underlying its Growth PRIDES or Income PRIDES, such Holder shall be deemed to have elected to pay for the shares of Common Stock to be issued under such Purchase Contract(s) from the Proceeds of the related Pledged Treasury Securities or the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be. On the Business Day immediately prior to the Purchase Contract Settlement Date, the Collateral Agent shall, at the written direction of the Purchase Contract Agent, invest the Cash proceeds of the maturing Pledged Treasury Securities or the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, in overnight Permitted Investments. Without receiving any instruction from any such Holder of Growth PRIDES or Income PRIDES, the Collateral Agent shall apply the Proceeds of the related Pledged Treasury Securities or Treasury Portfolio to the settlement of such Purchase Contracts on the Purchase Contract Settlement Date. In the event the sum of the Proceeds from the related Pledged Treasury Securities or Treasury Portfolio and the investment earnings from the investment in overnight Permitted Investments is in excess of the aggregate Purchase Price of the Purchase Contracts being settled thereby, the Collateral Agent shall distribute such excess, when received, to the Purchase Contract Agent for the benefit of the Holders. Section 5. Voting Rights -- Preferred Securities. The Purchase Contract Agent may exercise, or refrain from exercising, any and all voting and other consensual rights pertaining to the Pledged Preferred Securities or any part thereof for any purpose not inconsistent with the terms of this Agreement and in accordance with the terms of the Purchase Contract Agreement; provided, that the Purchase Contract Agent shall not exercise or, as the case may be, shall not refrain from exercising such right if, in the judgment of the Company, such action would impair or otherwise have a material adverse effect on the value of all or any of the Pledged Preferred Securities; and provided, further, that the Purchase Contract Agent shall give the Company and the Collateral Agent at least five days' prior written notice of the manner in which it intends to exercise, or its reasons for refraining from exercising, any such right. Upon receipt of any notices 19 24 and other communications in respect of any Pledged Preferred Securities, including notice of any meeting at which holders of Preferred Securities are entitled to vote or solicitation of consents, waivers or proxies of holders of Preferred Securities, the Collateral Agent shall use reasonable efforts to send promptly to the Purchase Contract Agent such notice or communication, and as soon as reasonably practicable after receipt of a written request therefor from the Purchase Contract Agent, execute and deliver to the Purchase Contract Agent such proxies and other instruments in respect of such Pledged Preferred Securities (in form and substance satisfactory to the Collateral Agent) as are prepared by the Purchase Contract Agent with respect to the Pledged Preferred Securities. Section 6. Rights and Remedies; Distribution of the Debentures; Tax Event Redemption Section 6.1. Rights and Remedies of the Collateral Agent. (a) In addition to the rights and remedies specified in Section 4.4 hereof or otherwise available at law or in equity, after an event of default hereunder, the Collateral Agent shall have all of the rights and remedies with respect to the Collateral of a secured party under the Uniform Commercial Code as in effect in the State of New York (the "Code") (whether or not the Code is in effect in the jurisdiction where the rights and remedies are asserted) and the TRADES Regulations and such additional rights and remedies to which a secured party is entitled under the laws in effect in any jurisdiction where any rights and remedies hereunder may be asserted. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, such remedies may include, to the extent permitted by applicable law, (i) retention of the Pledged Preferred Securities or other Collateral in full satisfaction of the Holders obligations under the Purchase Contracts or (ii) sale of the Pledged Preferred Securities or other Collateral in one or more public or private sales. (b) Without limiting any rights or powers otherwise granted by this Agreement to the Collateral Agent, in the event the Collateral Agent is unable to make payments to the Company on account of the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest (as specified in clause (A) of the definition of such term) of the Treasury Portfolio or on account of principal payments of any Pledged Treasury 20 25 Securities as provided in Section 3 hereof in satisfaction of the obligations of the Holder of the Securities of which such Pledged Treasury Securities, or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest (as specified in clause (A) of the definition of such term) of the Treasury Portfolio, as applicable, is a part under the related Purchase Contracts, the inability to make such payments shall constitute an event of default hereunder and the Collateral Agent shall have and may exercise, with reference to such Pledged Treasury Securities, or such appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest (as specified in clause (A) of the definition of such term) of the Treasury Portfolio, as applicable, and such obligations of such Holder, any and all of the rights and remedies available to a secured party under the Code and the TRADES Regulations after default by a debtor, and as otherwise granted herein or under any other law. (c) Without limiting any rights or powers otherwise granted by this Agreement to the Collateral Agent, the Collateral Agent is hereby irrevocably authorized to receive and collect all payments of (i) the Stated Amount of or, cash distributions on, the Pledged Preferred Securities, (ii) the principal amount of the Pledged Treasury Securities, or (iii) the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest (as specified in clause (A) of the definition of such term) of the Treasury Portfolio, subject, in each case, to the provisions of Section 3, and as otherwise granted herein. (d) The Purchase Contract Agent and each Holder of Securities, in the event such Holder becomes the Holder of a Growth PRIDES, agrees that, from time to time, upon the written request of the Collateral Agent, the Purchase Contract Agent or such Holder shall execute and deliver such further documents and do such other acts and things as the Collateral Agent may reasonably request in order to maintain the Pledge, and the perfection and priority thereof, and to confirm the rights of the Collateral Agent hereunder. The Purchase Contract Agent shall have no liability to any Holder for executing any documents or taking any such acts requested by the Collateral Agent hereunder, except for liability for its own negligent act, its own negligent failure to act or its own willful misconduct. 21 26 Section 6.2. Distribution of the Debentures; Tax Event Redemption. Upon the occurrence of an Investment Company Event or a liquidation of the Trust, a principal amount of the Debentures constituting the assets of the Trust and underlying the Preferred Securities equal to the aggregate Stated Amount of the Pledged Preferred Securities shall be delivered to the Collateral Agent in exchange for the Pledged Preferred Securities. In the event the Collateral Agent receives such Debentures in respect of Pledged Preferred Securities upon the occurrence of an Investment Company Event or liquidation of the Trust, the Collateral Agent shall Transfer the Debentures to the Collateral Account in the manner specified herein for Pledged Preferred Securities to secure the obligations of the Holders of Income PRIDES to purchase the Company's Common Stock under the related Purchase Contracts. Thereafter, the Collateral Agent shall have such security interests, rights and obligations with respect to the Debentures as it had in respect of the Pledged Preferred Securities as provided in Articles II, III, IV, V and VI hereof, and any reference herein to the Pledged Preferred Securities shall be deemed to be referring to such Debentures. Upon the occurrence of a Tax Event Redemption prior to the Purchase Contract Settlement Date, the Redemption Price payable on the Tax Event Redemption Date with respect to the Applicable Principal Amount of Debentures shall be delivered to the Collateral Agent by the Institutional Trustee or upon a dissolution of the Trust and the distribution of the related Debentures by the Debenture Trustee on or prior to 12:30 p.m., New York City time, by check or wire transfer in immediately available funds at such place and at such account as may be designated by the Collateral Agent in exchange for the Pledged Preferred Securities or Debentures, as the case may be. In the event the Collateral Agent receives such Redemption Price, the Collateral Agent will, at the written direction of the Company, apply an amount equal to the Redemption Amount of such Redemption Price to purchase from the Quotation Agent, the Treasury Portfolio and promptly remit the remaining portion of such Redemption Price to the Purchase Contract Agent for payment to the Holders of Income PRIDES. The Collateral Agent shall Transfer the Treasury Portfolio to the Collateral Account in the manner specified herein for Pledged Preferred Securities to secure the obligation of all Holders of 22 27 Income PRIDES to purchase Common Stock of the Company under the Purchase Contracts constituting a part of such Income PRIDES, in substitution for the Pledged Preferred Securities. Thereafter the Collateral Agent shall have such security interests, rights and obligations with respect to the Treasury Portfolio as it had in respect of the Pledged Preferred Securities or Debentures, as the case may be, as provided in Articles II, III, IV, V, and VI, and any reference herein to the Pledged Preferred Securities or the Debentures shall be deemed to be reference to such Treasury Portfolio. Section 6.3. Substitutions. Whenever a Holder has the right to substitute Treasury Securities, Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, for Collateral held by the Collateral Agent, such substitution shall not constitute a novation of the security interest created hereby. Section 7. Representations and Warranties; Covenants Section 7.1. Representations and Warranties. The Holders from time to time, acting through the Purchase Contract Agent as their attorney-in-fact (it being understood that the Purchase Contract Agent shall not be liable for any representation or warranty made by or on behalf of a Holder), hereby represent and warrant to the Collateral Agent, which representations and warranties shall be deemed repeated on each day a Holder Transfers Collateral that: (a) such Holder has the power to grant a security interest in and lien on the Collateral; (b) such Holder is the sole beneficial owner of the Collateral and, in the case of Collateral delivered in physical form, is the sole holder of such Collateral and is the sole beneficial owner of, or has the right to Transfer, the Collateral it Transfers to the Collateral Agent, free and clear of any security interest, lien, encumbrance, call, liability to pay money or other restriction other than the secu- 23 28 rity interest and lien granted under Section 2 hereof; (c) upon the Transfer of the Collateral to the Collateral Account, the Collateral Agent, for the benefit of the Company, will have a valid and perfected first priority security interest therein (assuming that any central clearing operation or any Intermediary or other entity not within the control of the Holder involved in the Transfer of the Collateral, including the Collateral Agent, gives the notices and takes the action required of it hereunder and under applicable law for perfection of that interest and assuming the establishment and exercise of control pursuant to Section 2.2 hereof); and (d) the execution and performance by the Holder of its obligations under this Agreement will not result in the creation of any security interest, lien or other encumbrance on the Collateral other than the security interest and lien granted under Section 2 hereof or violate any provision of any existing law or regulation applicable to it or of any mortgage, charge, pledge, indenture, contract or undertaking to which it is a party or which is binding on it or any of its assets. Section 7.2. Covenants. The Holders from time to time, acting through the Purchase Contract Agent as their attorney-in-fact (it being understood that the Purchase Contract Agent shall not be liable for any covenant made by or on behalf of a Holder), hereby covenant to the Collateral Agent that for so long as the Collateral remains subject to the Pledge: (a) neither the Purchase Contract Agent nor such Holders will create or purport to create or allow to subsist any mortgage, charge, lien, pledge or any other security interest whatsoever over the Collater- 24 29 al or any part of it other than pursuant to this Agreement; and (b) neither the Purchase Contract Agent nor such Holders will sell or otherwise dispose (or attempt to dispose) of the Collateral or any part of it except for the beneficial interest therein, subject to the pledge hereunder, transferred in connection with the Transfer of the Securities. Section 8. The Collateral Agent. It is hereby agreed as follows: Section 8.1. Appointment, Powers and Immunities. The Collateral Agent shall act as agent for the Company hereunder with such powers as are specifically vested in the Collateral Agent by the terms of this Agreement, together with such other powers as are reasonably incidental thereto. The Collateral Agent: (a) shall have no duties or responsibilities except those expressly set forth in this Agreement and no implied covenants or obligations shall be inferred from this Agreement against the Collateral Agent, nor shall the Collateral Agent be bound by the provisions of any agreement by any party hereto beyond the specific terms hereof; (b) shall not be responsible for any recitals contained in this Agreement, or in any certificate or other document referred to or provided for in, or received by it under, this Agreement, the Securities or the Purchase Contract Agreement, or for the value, validity, effectiveness, genuineness, enforceability or sufficiency of this Agreement (other than as against the Collateral Agent), the Securities or the Purchase Contract Agreement or any other document referred to or provided for herein or therein or for any failure by the Company or any other Person (except the Collateral Agent) to perform any of its obligations hereunder or thereunder or for the perfection, priority or, except as expressly required hereby, maintenance of any security interest created hereunder; (c) shall not be required to initiate or conduct any litigation or collection proceedings hereunder (except pursuant to directions furnished under Section 8.2 hereof, subject to Section 8.6 hereof); (d) shall not be responsible for any action taken or omitted to be taken by it hereunder or under any other document or instrument referred to or provided for herein 25 30 or in connection herewith or therewith, except for its own negligence or willful misconduct; and (e) shall not be required to advise any party as to selling or retaining, or taking or refraining from taking any action with respect to, any securities or other property deposited hereunder. Subject to the foregoing, during the term of this Agreement, the Collateral Agent shall take all reasonable action in connection with the safekeeping and preservation of the Collateral hereunder. No provision of this Agreement shall require the Collateral Agent to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur any financial liability in the performance of any of its duties hereunder. In no event shall the Collateral Agent be liable for any amount in excess of the Value of the Collateral. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Collateral Agent and Securities Intermediary in its individual capacity hereby waive any right of setoff, bankers lien, liens or perfection rights as securities intermediary or any counterclaim with respect to any of the Collateral. Section 8.2. Instructions of the Company. The Company shall have the right, by one or more instruments in writing executed and delivered to the Collateral Agent, to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for the realization of any right or remedy available to the Collateral Agent, or of exercising any power conferred on the Collateral Agent, or to direct the taking or refraining from taking of any action authorized by this Agreement; provided, however, that (i) such direction shall not conflict with the provisions of any law or of this Agreement and (ii) the Collateral Agent shall be adequately indemnified as provided herein. Nothing in this Section 8.2 shall impair the right of the Collateral Agent in its discretion to take any action or omit to take any action which it deems proper and which is not inconsistent with such direction. Section 8.3. Reliance by Collateral Agent. Each of the Securities Intermediary and the Collateral Agent shall be entitled to rely upon any certification, order, judgment, opinion, notice or other communication (including, without limitation, any thereof by telephone, telecopy, telex or facsimile) believed by it to be genuine and correct and to have been signed or sent by or on behalf of the proper Person or Persons (without being 26 31 required to determine the correctness of any fact stated therein), and upon advice and statements of legal counsel and other experts selected by the Collateral Agent and the Securities Intermediary. As to any matters not expressly provided for by this Agreement, the Collateral Agent and the Securities Intermediary shall in all cases be fully protected in acting, or in refraining from acting, hereunder in accordance with instructions given by the Company in accordance with this Agreement. Section 8.4. Rights in Other Capacities. The Collateral Agent and the Securities Intermediary and their affiliates may (without having to account therefor to the Company) accept deposits from, lend money to, make their investments in and generally engage in any kind of banking, trust or other business with the Purchase Contract Agent and any Holder of Securities (and any of their respective subsidiaries or affiliates) as if it were not acting as the Collateral Agent, and the Collateral Agent and its affiliates may accept fees and other consideration from the Purchase Contract Agent and any Holder of Securities without having to account for the same to the Company; provided that each of the Securities Intermediary and the Collateral Agent covenants and agrees with the Company that it shall not accept, receive or permit there to be created in favor of itself and shall take no affirmative action to permit there to be created in favor of any other Person, any security interest, lien or other encumbrance of any kind in or upon the Collateral. Section 8.5. Non-Reliance on Collateral Agent. Neither the Securities Intermediary nor the Collateral Agent shall be required to keep itself informed as to the performance or observance by the Purchase Contract Agent or any Holder of Securities of this Agreement, the Purchase Contract Agreement, the Securities or any other document referred to or provided for herein or therein or to inspect the properties or books of the Purchase Contract Agent or any Holder of Securities. The Collateral Agent shall not have any duty or responsibility to provide the Company with any credit or other information concerning the affairs, financial condition or business of the Purchase Contract Agent or any Holder of Securities (or any of their respective affiliates) that may come into the possession of the Collateral Agent or the Securities Intermediary or any of their respective affiliates. 27 32 Section 8.6. Compensation and Indemnity. The Company agrees: (i) to pay the Collateral Agent from time to time such compensation as shall be agreed in writing between the Company and the Collateral Agent for all services rendered by it hereunder and (ii) to indemnify the Collateral Agent and the Securities Intermediary for, and to hold each of them harmless from and against, any loss, liability or reasonable out-of-pocket expense incurred without negligence, willful misconduct or bad faith on its part, arising out of or in connection with the acceptance or administration of its powers and duties under this Agreement, including the reasonable out-of-pocket costs and expenses (including reasonable fees and expenses of counsel) of defending itself against any claim or liability in connection with the exercise or performance of such powers and duties. Section 8.7. Failure to Act. In the event of any ambiguity in the provisions of this Agreement or any dispute between or conflicting claims by or among the parties hereto or any other Person with respect to any funds or property deposited hereunder, the Collateral Agent shall be entitled, after prompt notice to the Company and the Purchase Contract Agent, at its sole option, to refuse to comply with any and all claims, demands or instructions with respect to such property or funds so long as such dispute or conflict shall continue, and the Collateral Agent shall not be or become liable in any way to any of the parties hereto for its failure or refusal to comply with such conflicting claims, demands or instructions. The Collateral Agent shall be entitled to refuse to act until either (i) such conflicting or adverse claims or demands shall have been finally determined by a court of competent jurisdiction or settled by agreement between the conflicting parties as evidenced in a writing, satisfactory to the Collateral Agent or (ii) the Collateral Agent shall have received security or an indemnity satisfactory to the Collateral Agent sufficient to save the Collateral Agent harmless from and against any and all loss, liability or reasonable out-of-pocket expense which the Collateral Agent may incur by reason of its acting. The Collateral Agent may in addition elect to commence an interpleader action or seek other judicial relief or orders as the Collateral Agent may deem necessary. Notwithstanding anything contained herein to the contrary, the Collateral Agent shall not be required to take any action that is in its opinion contrary to law or 28 33 to the terms of this Agreement, or which would in its opinion subject it or any of its officers, employees or directors to liability. Section 8.8. Resignation of Collateral Agent. Subject to the appointment and acceptance of a successor Collateral Agent as provided below, (a) the Collateral Agent may resign at any time by giving notice thereof to the Company and the Purchase Contract Agent as attorney-in-fact for the Holders of Securities, (b) the Collateral Agent may be removed at any time by the Company and (c) if the Collateral Agent fails to perform any of its material obligations hereunder in any material respect for a period of not less than 20 days after receiving written notice of such failure by the Purchase Contract Agent and such failure shall be continuing, the Collateral Agent may be removed by the Purchase Contract Agent. The Purchase Contract Agent shall promptly notify the Company of any removal of the Collateral Agent pursuant to clause (c) of the immediately preceding sentence. Upon any such resignation or removal, the Company shall have the right to appoint a successor Collateral Agent. If no successor Collateral Agent shall have been so appointed and shall have accepted such appointment within 30 days after the retiring Collateral Agent's giving of notice of resignation or such removal, then the retiring Collateral Agent may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Collateral Agent. The Collateral Agent shall be a bank which has an office in New York, New York with a combined capital and surplus of at least $750,000,000. Upon the acceptance of any appointment as Collateral Agent hereunder by a successor Collateral Agent, such successor Collateral Agent shall thereupon succeed to and become vested with all the rights, powers, privileges and duties of the retiring Collateral Agent, and the retiring Collateral Agent shall take all appropriate action to transfer any money and property held by it hereunder (including the Collateral) to such successor Collateral Agent. The retiring Collateral Agent shall, upon such succession, be discharged from its duties and obligations as Collateral Agent hereunder. After any retiring Collateral Agent's resignation hereunder as Collateral Agent, the provisions of this Section 8 shall continue in effect for its benefit in respect of any actions taken or omitted to be taken by it while it was acting as the Collateral Agent. 29 34 Section 8.9. Right to Appoint Agent or Advisor. The Collateral Agent shall have the right to appoint agents or advisors in connection with any of its duties hereunder, and the Collateral Agent shall not be liable for any action taken or omitted by, or in reliance upon the advice of, such agents or advisors selected in good faith. The appointment of agents pursuant to this Section 8.9 shall be subject to prior consent of the Company, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld. Section 8.10. Survival. The provisions of this Section 8 shall survive termination of this Agreement and the resignation or removal of the Collateral Agent. Section 8.11. Exculpation. Anything in this Agreement to the contrary notwithstanding, in no event shall the Collateral Agent or the Securities Intermediary or their officers, employees or agents be liable under this Agreement to any third party for indirect, special, punitive, or consequential loss or damage of any kind whatsoever, including lost profits, whether or not the likelihood of such loss or damage was known to the Collateral Agent or the Securities Intermediary, or any of them, incurred without any act or deed that is found to be attributable to gross negligence or willful misconduct on the part of the Collateral Agent or the Securities Intermediary. Section 9. Amendment. Section 9.1. Amendment Without Consent of Holders. Without the consent of any Holders, the Company, the Collateral Agent and the Purchase Contract Agent, at any time and from time to time, may amend this Agreement, in form satisfactory to the Company, the Collateral Agent and the Purchase Contract Agent, for any of the following purposes: (1) to evidence the succession of another Person to the Company, and the assumption by any such successor of the covenants of the Company; or (2) to add to the covenants of the Company for the benefit of the Holders, or to surrender any right or power herein conferred upon the Company so long as such covenants or such surrender do not adversely affect the validity, perfection or priori- 30 35 ty of the security interests granted or created hereunder; or (3) to evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment hereunder by a successor Collateral Agent, Securities Intermediary or Purchase Contract Agent; or (4) to cure any ambiguity, to correct or supplement any provisions herein which may be inconsistent with any other such provisions herein, or to make any other provisions with respect to such matters or questions arising under this Agreement, provided such action shall not adversely affect the interests of the Holders. Section 9.2. Amendment with Consent of Holders. With the consent of the Holders of not less than a majority of the Purchase Contracts at the time outstanding, by Act of said Holders delivered to the Company, the Purchase Contract Agent or the Collateral Agent, as the case may be, the Company, when duly authorized, the Purchase Contract Agent and the Collateral Agent may amend this Agreement for the purpose of modifying in any manner the provisions of this Agreement or the rights of the Holders in respect of the Securities; provided, however, that no such supplemental agreement shall, without the consent of the Holder of each Outstanding Security adversely affected thereby, (1) change the amount or type of Collateral underlying a Security (except for the rights of holders of Income PRIDES to substitute the Treasury Securities for the Pledged Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, as the case may be, or the rights of Holders of Growth PRIDES to substitute Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio, as applicable, for the Pledged Treasury Securities), impair the right of the Holder of any Security to receive distributions on the underlying Collateral or otherwise adversely affect the Holder's rights in or to such Collateral; or (2) otherwise effect any action that would require the consent of the Holder of each Outstand- 31 36 ing Security affected thereby pursuant to the Purchase Contract Agreement if such action were effected by an agreement supplemental thereto; or (3) reduce the percentage of Purchase Contracts the consent of whose Holders is required for any such amendment. It shall not be necessary for any Act of Holders under this Section to approve the particular form of any proposed amendment, but it shall be sufficient if such Act shall approve the substance thereof. Section 9.3. Execution of Amendments. In executing any amendment permitted by this Section, the Collateral Agent and the Purchase Contract Agent shall be entitled to receive and (subject to Section 6.1 hereof, with respect to the Collateral Agent, and Section 7.1 of the Purchase Contract Agreement, with respect to the Purchase Contract Agent) shall be fully protected in relying upon, an Opinion of Counsel stating that the execution of such amendment is authorized or permitted by this Agreement and that all conditions precedent, if any, to the execution and delivery of such amendment have been satisfied. Section 9.4. Effect of Amendments. Upon the execution of any amendment under this Section, this Agreement shall be modified in accordance therewith, and such amendment shall form a part of this Agreement for all purposes; and every Holder of Certificates theretofore or thereafter authenticated, executed on behalf of the Holders and delivered under the Purchase Contract Agreement shall be bound thereby. Section 9.5. Reference to Amendments. Security Certificates authenticated, executed on behalf of the Holders and delivered after the execution of any amendment pursuant to this Section may, and shall if required by the Collateral Agent or the Purchase Contract Agent, bear a notation in form approved by the Purchase Contract Agent and the Collateral Agent as to any matter provided for in such amendment. If the Company shall so determine, new Security Certificates so modified as to conform, in the opinion of the Collateral Agent, the Purchase Contract Agent and the Company, to any such amendment may be prepared and executed by the Company and authenticated, executed on behalf of the Holders and 32 37 delivered by the Purchase Contract Agent in accordance with the Purchase Contract Agreement in exchange for Outstanding Security Certificates. Section 10. Miscellaneous. Section 10.1. No Waiver. No failure on the part of the Collateral Agent or any of its agents to exercise, and no course of dealing with respect to, and no delay in exercising, any right, power or remedy hereunder shall operate as a waiver thereof; nor shall any single or partial exercise by the Collateral Agent or any of its agents of any right, power or remedy hereunder preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right, power or remedy. The remedies herein are cumulative and are not exclusive of any remedies provided by law. Section 10.2. Governing Law. THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK. Without limiting the foregoing, the above choice of law is expressly agreed to by the Securities Intermediary, the Collateral Agent and the Holders from time to time acting through the Purchase Contract Agent, as their attorney-in-fact, in connection with the establishment and maintenance of the Collateral Account. The Company, the Collateral Agent and the Holders from time to time of the Securities, acting through the Purchase Contract Agent as their attorney-in-fact, hereby submit to the nonexclusive jurisdiction of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York and of any New York state court sitting in New York City for the purposes of all legal proceedings arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby. The Company, the Collateral Agent and the Holders from time to time of the Securities, acting through the Purchase Contract Agent as their attorney-in-fact, irrevocably waive, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, any objection which they may now or hereafter have to the laying of the venue of any such proceeding brought in such a court and any claim that any such proceeding brought in such a court has been brought in an inconvenient forum. Section 10.3. Notices. All notices, requests, consents and other communications provided for herein (including, without limitation, any modifications of, or 33 38 waivers or consents under, this Agreement) shall be given or made in writing (including, without limitation, by telecopy) delivered to the intended recipient at the "Address for Notices" specified below its name on the signature pages hereof or, as to any party, at such other address as shall be designated by such party in a notice to the other parties. Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, all such communications shall be deemed to have been duly given when transmitted by telecopier or personally delivered or, in the case of a mailed notice, upon receipt, in each case given or addressed as aforesaid. Section 10.4. Successors and Assigns. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the respective successors and assigns of the Company, the Collateral Agent and the Purchase Contract Agent, and the Holders from time to time of the Securities, by their acceptance of the same, shall be deemed to have agreed to be bound by the provisions hereof and to have ratified the agreements of, and the grant of the Pledge hereunder by, the Purchase Contract Agent. Section 10.5. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, all of which taken together shall constitute one and the same instrument, and any of the parties hereto may execute this Agreement by signing any such counterpart. Section 10.6. Severability. If any provision hereof is invalid and unenforceable in any jurisdiction, then, to the fullest extent permitted by law, (i) the other provisions hereof shall remain in full force and effect in such jurisdiction and shall be liberally construed in order to carry out the intentions of the parties hereto as nearly as may be possible and (ii) the invalidity or unenforceability of any provision hereof in any jurisdiction shall not affect the validity or enforceability of such provision in any other jurisdiction. Section 10.7. Expenses, etc. The Company agrees to reimburse the Collateral Agent for: (a) all reasonable out-of-pocket costs and expenses of the Collateral Agent (including, without limitation, the reasonable fees and expenses of counsel to the Collateral Agent), in connection with (i) the negotiation, preparation, execution and delivery or performance of this Agreement and (ii) any 34 39 modification, supplement or waiver of any of the terms of this Agreement; (b) all reasonable costs and expenses of the Collateral Agent (including, without limitation, reasonable fees and expenses of counsel) in connection with (i) any enforcement or proceedings resulting or incurred in connection with causing any Holder of Securities to satisfy its obligations under the Purchase Contracts forming a part of the Securities and (ii) the enforcement of this Section 10.7; and (c) all transfer, stamp, documentary or other similar taxes, assessments or charges levied by any governmental or revenue authority in respect of this Agreement or any other document referred to herein and all costs, expenses, taxes, assessments and other charges incurred in connection with any filing, registration, recording or perfection of any security interest contemplated hereby. Section 10.8. Security Interest Absolute. All rights of the Collateral Agent and security interests hereunder, and all obligations of the Holders from time to time hereunder, shall be absolute and unconditional irrespective of: (a) any lack of validity or enforceability of any provision of the Purchase Contracts or the Securities or any other agreement or instrument relating thereto; (b) any change in the time, manner or place of payment of, or any other term of, or any increase in the amount of, all or any of the obligations of Holders of Securities under the related Purchase Contracts, or any other amendment or waiver of any term of, or any consent to any departure from any requirement of, the Purchase Contract Agreement or any Purchase Contract or any other agreement or instrument relating thereto; or (c) any other circumstance which might otherwise constitute a defense available to, or discharge of, a borrower, a guarantor or a pledgor. 35 40 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be duly executed as of the day and year first above written. KENNAMETAL INC. By:_______________________________ Name: Title: Address for Notices: Kennametal Inc. Corporate Headquarters State Route 981 South P.O. Box 231 Latrobe, PA 15650-0231 Attention: Chief Financial Officer Telecopy: (412)539-5701 THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF CHICAGO, as Purchase Contract Agent and as attorney-in-fact of the Holders from time to time of the Securities By:_______________________________ Name: Title: Address for Notices: The First National Bank of Chicago One First National Plaza Suite 0126 Chicago, IL 60670-0126 Attention: Corporate Trust Administration Telecopy: (312) 407-1708 41 THE CHASE MANHATTAN BANK, as Collateral Agent and as Securities Intermediary By:_______________________________ Name: Title: Address for Notices: The Chase Manhattan Bank 450 West 33rd Street New York, NY 10001-2697 Attention: Corporate Trust Administration Department Telecopy: (212) 946-8160 42 EXHIBIT A INSTRUCTION FROM PURCHASE CONTRACT AGENT TO COLLATERAL AGENT The Chase Manhattan Bank 450 West 33rd Street, 15th Floor New York, NY 100102697 Attention: Corporate Trust Administration Department Re: FELINE PRIDES of Kennametal Inc. (the "Company"), and Kennametal Financing I We hereby notify you in accordance with Section 4.1 of the Pledge Agreement, dated as of January __, 1998, (the "Pledge Agreement") among the Company, yourselves, as Collateral Agent, and ourselves, as Purchase Contract Agent and as attorney-in-fact for the holders of [Income PRIDES] [Growth PRIDES] from time to time, that the holder of securities listed below (the "Holder") has elected to substitute [$_____ aggregate principal amount of Treasury Securities] [$_______Stated Amount of Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio] in exchange for an equal Value of [Pledged Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio] [Pledged Treasury Securities] held by you in accordance with the Pledge Agreement and has delivered to us a notice stating that the Holder has Transferred [Treasury Securities] [Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio] to you, as Collateral Agent. We hereby instruct you, upon receipt of such [Pledged Treasury Securities] [Pledged Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio], to release the [Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio] [Treasury Securities] related to such [Income PRIDES] [Growth PRIDES] to us in accordance with the Holder's instructions. Capitalized terms used herein but not defined shall have the meaning set forth in the Pledge Agreement. Date:_____________ ___________________________ By:______________________ Name: Title: Signature Guarantee:_____________ 43 Please print name and address of Registered Holder electing to substitute [Treasury Securities] [Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio] for the [Pledged Preferred Securities or the Treasury Portfolio] [Pledged Treasury Securities]: _________________________________ ______________________________________ Name Social Security or other Taxpayer Identification Number, if any _________________________________ Address _________________________________ _________________________________ 44 EXHIBIT B INSTRUCTION TO PURCHASE CONTRACT AGENT The First National Bank of Chicago One First National Plaza Suite 0126 Chicago, IL 60670-0126 Attention: Corporate Trust Services Division Re: FELINE PRIDES of Kennametal Inc. (the "Company"), and Kennametal Financing I The undersigned Holder hereby notifies you that it has delivered to ___________________________, as Collateral Agent, [$_______ aggregate principal amount of Treasury Securities] [$ aggregate Stated Amount of Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio of the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio] in exchange for an equal Value of [Pledged Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio] [Pledged Treasury Securities] held by the Collateral Agent (the "Pledge Agreement"), in accordance with Section 4.1 of the Pledge Agreement, dated January __, 1998, between you, the Company and the Collateral Agent. The undersigned Holder hereby instructs you to instruct the Collateral Agent to release to you on behalf of the undersigned Holder the [Pledged Preferred Securities or the appropriate Applicable Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio] [Pledged Treasury Securities] related to such [Income PRIDES] [Growth PRIDES]. Capitalized terms used herein but not defined shall have the meaning set forth in the Pledge Agreement. Dated:_____________ _________________________ Signature Signature Guarantee: ___________________ 45 Please print name and address of Registered Holder: _________________________________ ______________________________________ Name Social Security or other Taxpayer Identification Number, if any _________________________________ Address _________________________________ _________________________________ _________________________________
   1

                                                                    Exhibit 4.5

                                 TRUST AGREEMENT

                                       OF

                             KENNAMETAL FINANCING I

         THIS TRUST AGREEMENT is made as of November 12, 1997 (this "Trust
Agreement"), by and among Kennametal Inc., as Depositor (the "Depositor"), and
Robert L. McGeehan, as trustee, James E. Morrison, as trustee, David T. Cofer,
as trustee, and Mark A. Ferrucci, as trustee (collectively, the "Trustees"). The
Depositor and the Trustees hereby agree as follows:

         1. The trust created hereby shall be known as "Kennametal Financing I"
(the "Trust"), in which name the Trustees or the Depositor, to the extent
provided herein, may conduct the business of the Trust, make and execute
contracts, and sue and be sued.

         2. The Depositor hereby assigns, transfers, conveys and sets over to
the Trust the sum of $10. It is the intention of the parties hereto that the
Trust created hereby constitute a business trust under Chapter 38 of Title 12 of
the Delaware Code, 12 Del. C. Section 3801 et seq. (the "Business Trust Act"),
and that this document constitute the governing instrument of the Trust. The
Trustees are hereby authorized and directed to execute and file a certificate of
trust with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware in such form as the
Trustees may approve.

         3. An amended and restated Trust Agreement satisfactory to each party
to it and substantially in the form to be included as an exhibit to the
Registration Statement (the "1933 Act Registration Statement") referred to
below, or in such other form as the parties thereto may approve, will be entered
into to provide for the contemplated operation of the Trust created hereby and
the issuance of the Preferred or Common Securities referred to therein. Prior to
the execution and delivery of such amended and restated Trust Agreement, the
Trustees shall not have any duty or obligation hereunder or with respect of the
trust estate, except as otherwise required by applicable law or as may be
necessary to obtain prior to such execution and delivery any licenses, consents
or approvals required by applicable law or otherwise. Notwithstanding the
foregoing, the Trustees may take all actions deemed proper as are necessary to
effect the transactions contemplated herein.

         4. The Depositor, as the Depositor of the Trust, is hereby authorized
(i) to file with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "Commission") and
to execute, in the case of the 1933 Act Registration Statement and 1934 Act
Registration Statement (as herein defined), on behalf of the Trust, (a) the 1933
Act Registration Statement, including pre-effective or post-effective amendments
to such Registration Statement, relating to the registration under the
Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "1933 Act"), of the Preferred or Common
Securities of the Trust, (b) any preliminary prospectus or prospectus or
supplement thereto relating to the Preferred or Common Securities required to be
filed pursuant to the 1933 Act, and (c) a Registration Statement on Form 8-A or
other appropriate form (the "1934 Act Registration 

   2

Statement") (including all pre-effective and post-effective amendments thereto)
relating to the registration of the Preferred or Common Securities of the Trust
under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; (ii) to file with the New
York Stock Exchange or other exchange, and execute on behalf of the Trust, a
listing application and all other applications, statements, certificates,
agreements and other instruments as shall be necessary or desirable to cause the
Preferred or Common Securities to be listed on the New York Stock Exchange or
such other exchange; (iii) to file and execute on behalf of the Trust such
applications, reports, surety bonds, irrevocable consents, appointments of
attorney for service of process and other papers and documents as shall be
necessary or desirable to register the Preferred or Common Securities under the
securities or "Blue Sky" laws of such jurisdictions as the Depositor, on behalf
of the Trust, may deem necessary or desirable; and (iv) to execute, deliver and
perform on behalf of the Trust an underwriting agreement with the Depositor and
the underwriter or underwriters of the Preferred or Common Securities of the
Trust. In the event that any filing referred to in clauses (i)-(iii) above is
required by the rules and regulations of the Commission, the New York Stock
Exchange or other exchange, or state securities or Blue Sky laws to be executed
on behalf of the Trust by the Trustees, the Trustees, in their capacities as
trustees of the Trust, are hereby authorized and directed to join in any such
filing and to execute on behalf of the Trust any and all of the foregoing, it
being understood that the Trustees, in their capacities as trustees of the
Trust, shall not be required to join in any such filing or execute on behalf of
the Trust any such document unless required by the rules and regulations of the
Commission, the New York Stock Exchange or other exchange, or state securities
or Blue Sky laws. In connection with all of the foregoing, the Trustees, solely
in their capacities as trustees of the Trust, and the Depositor hereby
constitute and appoint David T. Cofer as his, her or its, as the case may be,
true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent with full power of substitution and
resubstitution for the Depositor or in the Depositor's name, place and stead, in
any and all capacities, to sign any and all amendments (including all
pre-effective and post-effective amendments) to the 1933 Act Registration
Statement and the 1934 Act Registration Statement and to file the same, with all
exhibits thereto, and any other documents in connection therewith, with the
Commission, granting unto said attorney-in-fact and agent full power and
authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary
to be done in connection therewith, as fully to all intents and purposes as the
Depositor might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that
said attorney-in-fact and agent, or his respective substitute or substitutes,
shall do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

         5. This Trust Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts.

         6. The number of trustees of the Trust initially shall be four, and
thereafter the number of trustees of the Trust shall be such number as shall be
fixed from time to time by a written instrument signed by the Depositor which
may increase or decrease the number of trustees of the Trust; provided, however,
that to the extent required by the Business Trust Act, one trustee of the Trust
shall either be a natural person who is a resident of the State of Delaware or,
if not a natural person, an entity which has its principal place of business in
the State of Delaware. Subject to the foregoing, the Depositor is entitled to
appoint or remove without cause 

                                      -2-

   3

any trustee of the Trust at any time. Any trustee of the Trust may resign upon
thirty days' prior notice to the Depositor.

         7. This Trust Agreement shall be governed by, and construed in
accordance with, the laws of the State of Delaware (with regard to conflict of
laws principles).

         IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Trust Agreement
to be duly executed as of the day and year first above written.

                                              KENNAMETAL INC.,
                                              as Depositor

                                              By:
                                                 -----------------------------
                                                 Name:
                                                 Title:

Robert L. McGeehan, as Trustee                   James E. Morrison, as Trustee

- ------------------------------                   -----------------------------



David T. Cofer, as Trustee                       Mark A. Ferrucci, as Trustee

- ------------------------------                   -----------------------------


                                      -3-
   1
                                                                  Exhibit 4.6




                 AMENDED AND RESTATED AGREEMENT

                            OF TRUST

                     Kennametal Financing I

                  Dated as of January __, 1998









   2


                        TABLE OF CONTENTS

                                                                         Page
                                                                         ----

                                    ARTICLE I
                         INTERPRETATION AND DEFINITIONS
SECTION 1.1    DEFINITIONS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  1

                                   ARTICLE II
                               TRUST INDENTURE ACT
SECTION 2.1    TRUST INDENTURE ACT; APPLICATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  9
SECTION 2.2    LISTS OF HOLDERS OF SECURITIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  9
SECTION 2.3    REPORTS BY THE INSTITUTIONAL TRUSTEE . . . . . . . . . . . .  9
SECTION 2.4    PERIODIC REPORTS TO INSTITUTIONAL TRUSTEE. . . . . . . . . . 10
SECTION 2.5    EVIDENCE OF COMPLIANCE WITH CONDITIONS PRECEDENT10
SECTION 2.6    EVENTS OF DEFAULT; WAIVER. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
SECTION 2.7    EVENT OF DEFAULT; NOTICE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

                                   ARTICLE III
                                  ORGANIZATION
SECTION 3.1    NAME . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
SECTION 3.2    OFFICE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
SECTION 3.3    PURPOSE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
SECTION 3.4    AUTHORITY. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
SECTION 3.5    TITLE TO PROPERTY OF THE TRUST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
SECTION 3.6    POWERS AND DUTIES OF THE REGULAR TRUSTEES. . . . . . . . . . 13
SECTION 3.7    PROHIBITION OF ACTIONS BY THE TRUST AND THE
               TRUSTEES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
SECTION 3.8    POWERS AND DUTIES OF THE INSTITUTIONAL TRUSTEE. . . . . . .  16
SECTION 3.9    CERTAIN DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE
               INSTITUTIONAL TRUSTEE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
SECTION 3.10   CERTAIN RIGHTS OF INSTITUTIONAL TRUSTEE. . . . . . . . . . . 20
SECTION 3.11   DELAWARE TRUSTEE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
SECTION 3.12   EXECUTION OF DOCUMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
SECTION 3.13   NOT RESPONSIBLE FOR RECITALS OR ISSUANCE OF
               SECURITIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
SECTION 3.14   DURATION OF TRUST. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
SECTION 3.15   MERGERS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

                                   ARTICLE IV
                                     SPONSOR
SECTION 4.1    SPONSOR'S PURCHASE OF COMMON SECURITIES. . . . . . . . . . . 24
SECTION 4.2    RIGHTS AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE SPONSOR. . . . . . . . .  24
SECTION 4.3    RIGHT TO PROCEED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
SECTION 4.4    EXPENSES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24


                                       i
   3

                                    ARTICLE V
                                    TRUSTEES
SECTION 5.1    NUMBER OF TRUSTEES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
SECTION 5.2    DELAWARE TRUSTEE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
SECTION 5.3    INSTITUTIONAL TRUSTEE; ELIGIBILITY . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
SECTION 5.4    CERTAIN QUALIFICATIONS OF REGULAR TRUSTEES AND
               DELAWARE TRUSTEE GENERALLY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
SECTION 5.5    REGULAR TRUSTEES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
SECTION 5.6    APPOINTMENT, REMOVAL AND RESIGNATION OF TRUSTEES . . . . . . 28
SECTION 5.7    VACANCIES AMONG TRUSTEES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
SECTION 5.8    EFFECT OF VACANCIES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
SECTION 5.9    MEETINGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
SECTION 5.10   DELEGATION OF POWER. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
SECTION 5.11   MERGER, CONVERSION. CONSOLIDATION OR SUCCESSION TO
               BUSINESS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

                                   ARTICLE VI
                                  DISTRIBUTIONS
SECTION 6.1    DISTRIBUTIONS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

                                   ARTICLE VII
                             ISSUANCE OF SECURITIES
SECTION 7.1    GENERAL PROVISIONS REGARDING SECURITIES. . . . . . . . . . . 31
SECTION 7.2    PAYING AGENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

                                  ARTICLE VIII
                              TERMINATION OF TRUST
SECTION 8.1    TERMINATION OF TRUST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

                                   ARTICLE IX
                              TRANSFER OF INTERESTS
SECTION 9.1    TRANSFER OF SECURITIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
SECTION 9.2    TRANSFER OF CERTIFICATES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
SECTION 9.3    DEEMED SECURITY HOLDERS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
SECTION 9.4    BOOK ENTRY INTERESTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
SECTION 9.5    NOTICES TO CLEARING AGENCY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
SECTION 9.6    APPOINTMENT OF SUCCESSOR CLEARING AGENCY . . . . . . . . . . 35
SECTION 9.7    DEFINITIVE PREFERRED SECURITY CERTIFICATES . . . . . . . . . 35
SECTION 9.8    MUTILATED, DESTROYED, LOST OR STOLEN CERTIFICATES. . . . . . 35

                                    ARTICLE X
      LIMITATION OF LIABILITY OF HOLDERS OF SECURITIES, TRUSTEES OR OTHERS
SECTION 10.1   LIABILITY. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
SECTION 10.2   EXCULPATION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
SECTION 10.3   FIDUCIARY DUTY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
SECTION 10.4   INDEMNIFICATION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
SECTION 10.5   OUTSIDE BUSINESSES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40


                                       ii
   4

                                   ARTICLE XI
                                   ACCOUNTING
SECTION 11.1   FISCAL YEAR. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
SECTION 11.2   CERTAIN ACCOUNTING MATTERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
SECTION 11.3   BANKING. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
SECTION 11.4   WITHHOLDING. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

                                   ARTICLE XII
                             AMENDMENTS AND MEETINGS
SECTION 12.1   AMENDMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
SECTION 12.2   MEETINGS OF THE HOLDERS OF SECURITIES; ACTION BY
               WRITTEN CONSENT. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

                                  ARTICLE XIII
          REPRESENTATIONS OF INSTITUTIONAL TRUSTEE AND DELAWARE TRUSTEE
SECTION 13.1   REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF INSTITUTIONAL
               TRUSTEE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
SECTION 13.2   REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF DELAWARE
               TRUSTEE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

                                   ARTICLE XIV
                                  MISCELLANEOUS
SECTION 14.1   NOTICES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
SECTION 14.2   GOVERNING LAW. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
SECTION 14.3   INTENTION OF THE PARTIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
SECTION 14.4   HEADINGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
SECTION 14.5   SUCCESSORS AND ASSIGNS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
SECTION 14.6   PARTIAL ENFORCEABILITY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
SECTION 14.7   COUNTERPARTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47



                                      iii
   5


                              AMENDED AND RESTATED
                               AGREEMENT OF TRUST
                                       OF
                             Kennametal Financing I

                                January __, 1998


     AMENDED AND RESTATED AGREEMENT OF TRUST (the "Declaration") dated and
effective as of January __, 1998, by the Trustees (as defined herein), the
Sponsor (as defined herein) and by the Holders (as defined herein), from time to
time, of the securities representing undivided beneficial interests in the
assets of the Trust to be issued pursuant to this Declaration;

     WHEREAS, the Trustees and the Sponsor established Kennametal Financing I
(the "Trust"), a trust under the Business Trust Act (as defined herein) pursuant
to an Agreement of Trust dated as of November 12, 1997, as amended on
__________, (the "Amended Original Declaration") and a Certificate of Trust
filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on November 12, 1997,
as amemded on January __, 1998, for the sole purpose of issuing and selling
certain securities representing undivided beneficial interests in the assets of
the Trust and investing the proceeds thereof in certain Debentures of the
Debenture Issuer (as defined herein);

     WHEREAS, as of the date hereof, no interests in the Trust have been issued;

     WHEREAS, all of the Trustees and the Sponsor, by this Declaration, amend
and restate each and every term and provision of the Amended Original
Declaration; and

     NOW, THEREFORE, it being the intention of the parties hereto to continue
the Trust as a business trust under the Business Trust Act and that this
Declaration constitute the governing instrument of such business trust, the
Trustees declare that all assets contributed to the Trust will be held in trust
for the benefit of the Trust and Holders, from time to time, of the securities
representing undivided beneficial interests in the assets of the Trust issued
hereunder, subject to the provisions of this Declaration.

                                    ARTICLE I

                         INTERPRETATION AND DEFINITIONS

SECTION 1.1 DEFINITIONS

     Unless the context otherwise requires:

     (a) capitalized terms used in this Declaration but not defined in the
preamble above have the respective meanings assigned to them in this Section
1.1;

     (b) a term defined anywhere in this Declaration has the same meaning
throughout;

     (c) all references to "the Declaration" or "this Declaration" are to this
Declaration as modified, supplemented or amended from time to time;


   6

     (d) all references in this Declaration to Articles and Sections and Annexes
and Exhibits are to Articles and Sections of and Annexes and Exhibits to this
Declaration unless otherwise specified;

     (e) a term defined in the Trust Indenture Act has the same meaning when
used in this Declaration unless otherwise defined in this Declaration or unless
the context otherwise requires; and

     (f) a reference to the singular includes the plural and vice versa.

          "Affiliate" has the same meaning as given to that term in Rule 405 of
the Securities Act or any successor rule thereunder.

          "Agent" means any Paying Agent.

          "Applicable Ownership Interest" has the meaning set forth in Annex I
hereto.

          "Applicable Principal Amount" has the meaning set forth in Annex I
hereto.

          "Authorized Newspaper" means a daily newspaper, in the English
language, customarily published on each day that is a Business Day in The City
of New York, whether or not published on days that are Legal Holidays, and of
general circulation in The City of New York. The Authorized Newspaper for the
Purposes of the Reset Spread Announcement Date, is currently anticipated to be
The Wall Street Journal.

          "Authorized Officer" of a Person means any Person that is authorized
to bind such Person.

          "Book Entry Interest" means a beneficial interest in a Global
Certificate, ownership and transfers of which shall be maintained and made
through book entries by a Clearing Agency as described in Section 9.4.

          "Business Day" means any day other than Saturday, Sunday or any day on
which banking institutions in New York City, in the State of New York, are
permitted or required by any applicable law to close.

          "Business Trust Act" means Chapter 38 of Title 12 of the Delaware
Code, 12 Del. Code Section 3801 et seq., as it may be amended from time to time,
or any successor legislation.

          "Certificate" means a Common Security Certificate or a Preferred
Security Certificate.

          "Clearing Agency" means an organization registered as a "Clearing
Agency" pursuant to Section 17A of the Exchange Act that is acting as depositary
for the Preferred Securities and in whose name or in the name of a nominee of
that organization shall be registered a Global Certificate and which shall
undertake to effect book entry transfers and pledges of the Preferred
Securities.

          "Clearing Agency Participant" means a broker, dealer, bank, other
financial institution or other Person for whom from time to time the Clearing
Agency effects book entry transfers and pledges of securities deposited with the
Clearing Agency.



                                       2
   7

          "Closing Date" means the "Closing Time" and each "Date of Delivery"
under the Purchase Agreement.

          "Code" means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time
to time, or any successor legislation.

          "Commission" means the Securities and Exchange Commission.

          "Common Security" has the meaning specified in Section 7.1.

          "Common Securities Guarantee" means the guarantee agreement to be
dated as of January __, 1998 of the Sponsor in respect of the Common Securities.

          "Common Security Certificate" means a definitive certificate in fully
registered form representing a Common Security substantially in the form of
Exhibit A-2.

          "Company Indemnified Person" means (a) any Regular Trustee; (b) any
Affiliate of any Regular Trustee; (c) any officers, directors, shareholders,
members, partners, employees, representatives or agents of any Regular Trustee;
or (d) any officer, employee or agent of the Trust or its Affiliates.

          "Corporate Trust Office" means the office of the Institutional Trustee
at which the corporate trust business of the Institutional Trustee shall, at any
particular time, be principally administered, which office at the date of
execution of this Declaration is located at

          "Covered Person" means: (a) any officer, director, shareholder,
partner, member, representative, employee or agent of (i) the Trust or (ii) the
Trust's Affiliates; and (b) any Holder of Securities.

          "Debenture Issuer" means Kennametal Inc., a Pennsylvania corporation,
in its capacity as issuer of the Debentures under the Indenture.

          "Debenture Trustee" means The First National Bank of Chicago, as
trustee under the Indenture until a successor is appointed thereunder, and
thereafter means such successor trustee.

          "Debentures" means the series of ____% Debentures to be issued by the
Debenture Issuer under the Indenture, a specimen certificate for such series of
Debentures being Exhibit B.

          "Debenture Repayment Price" means, with respect to any Debentures put
to the Sponsor on March 2, 2001, an amount per Debenture equal to $50, plus
accumulated and unpaid interest (including deferred interest, if any).

          "Definitive Preferred Security Certificates" has the meaning set forth
in Section 9.4.

          "Delaware Trustee" has the meaning set forth in Section 5.2.

          "Direction" by a Person means a written direction signed:



                                       3
   8

                (a)   if the Person is a natural person, by that Person; or

                (b) in any other case, in the name of such Person by one or more
Authorized Officers of that Person.

          "Direct Action" has the meaning specified in Section 3.8(e).

          "Distribution" means a distribution payable to Holders of Securities
in accordance with Section 6.1.

          "DTC" means The Depository Trust Company, the initial Clearing Agency.

          "Event of Default" in respect of the Securities means an Event of
Default (as defined in the Indenture) has occurred and is continuing in respect
of the Debentures.

          "Exchange Act" means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended
from time to time, or any successor legislation.

          "Failed Remarketing" has the meaning specified in Section 5.4(b) of
the Purchase Contract Agreement.

          "FELINE PRIDES"(SM) means a security which, upon issuance, will
consist of a unit (referred to as an "Income PRIDES"(SM)) comprised of (i) a
stock purchase contract under which (a) the holder of the unit will purchase
from the Sponsor, for an amount in cash, a certain number of shares of common
stock of the Sponsor and (b) the Sponsor will pay the holder contract adjustment
payments, and (ii) beneficial ownership of a Preferred Security, or in certain
circumstances upon the occurrence of a Tax Event Redemption, the Applicable
Ownership Interest of the Treasury Portfolio. After issuance, FELINE PRIDES(SM)
units with respect to which Treasury Securities have been substituted for
Preferred Securities or the Treasury Portfolio, as applicable, will be referred
to as "Growth PRIDES"(SM) .

          "Fiduciary Indemnified Person" has the meaning set forth in Section
10.4(b).

          "Global Certificate" has the meaning set forth in Section 9.4.

          "Holder" or "holder" means a Person in whose name a Certificate
representing a Security is registered, such Person being a beneficial owner
within the meaning of the Business Trust Act.

          "Indemnified Person" means a Company Indemnified Person or a Fiduciary
Indemnified Person.

          "Indenture" means the Indenture dated as of January __, 1998, among
the Debenture Issuer and the Debenture Trustee, and any indenture supplemental
thereto pursuant to which the Debentures are to be issued.

          "Institutional Trustee" means the Trustee meeting the eligibility
requirements set forth in Section 5.3.



                                       4
   9

          "Institutional Trustee Account" has the meaning set forth in Section
3.8(c).

          "Investment Company" means an investment company as defined in the
Investment Company Act.

          "Investment Company Act" means the Investment Company Act of 1940, as
amended from time to time, or any successor legislation.

          "Investment Company Event" has the meaning set forth in Annex I
hereto.

          "Legal Action" has the meaning set forth in Section 3.6(g).

          "Majority in liquidation amount of the Securities" means, except as
provided in the terms and conditions of the Preferred Securities set forth in
Annex I hereto or by the Trust Indenture Act, Holder(s) of outstanding
Securities voting together as a single class or, as the context may require,
Holders of outstanding Preferred Securities or Holders of outstanding Common
Securities voting separately as a class, who are the record owners of more than
50% of the aggregate liquidation amount (including the stated amount that would
be paid on redemption, liquidation or otherwise, plus accrued and unpaid
Distributions to the date upon which the voting percentages are determined) of
all outstanding Securities of the relevant class. 

          "Ministerial Action" has the meaning set forth in the terms of the
Securities as set forth in Annex I.

          "Officers' Certificate" means, with respect to any Person, a
certificate signed by two Authorized Officers of such Person. Any Officers'
Certificate delivered with respect to compliance with a condition or covenant
provided for in this Declaration shall include:

          (a) a statement that the officers signing the Officers' Certificate
have read the covenant or condition and the definitions relating thereto;

          (b) a brief statement of the nature and scope of the examination or
investigation undertaken by the officer in rendering the Officers' Certificate;

          (c) a statement that such officers have made such examination or
investigation as, in such officers' opinion, is necessary to enable such
officers to express an informed opinion as to whether or not such covenant or
condition has been complied with; and

          (d) a statement as to whether, in the opinion of such officers, such
condition or covenant has been complied with.

          "Paying Agent" has the meaning specified in Section 7.2.

          "Person" means a legal person, including any individual, corporation,
estate, partnership, joint venture, association, joint stock company, limited
liability company, trust, unincorporated association, or government or any
agency or political subdivision thereof, or any other entity of whatever nature.



                                       5
   10

          "Pledge Agreement" means the Pledge Agreement dated as of January __,
1998 among the Sponsor, The Chase Manhattan Bank, as collateral agent (the
"Collateral Agent"), and The First National Bank of Chicago, as purchase
contract agent (the "Purchase Contract Agent").

          "Preferred Securities Guarantee" means the guarantee agreement to be
dated as of January __, 1998 of the Sponsor in respect of the Preferred
Securities.

          "Preferred Security" has the meaning specified in Section 7.1.

          "Preferred Security Beneficial Owner" means, with respect to a Book
Entry Interest, a Person who is the beneficial owner of such Book Entry
Interest, as reflected on the books of the Clearing Agency, or on the books of a
Person maintaining an account with such Clearing Agency (directly as a Clearing
Agency Participant or as an indirect participant, in each case in accordance
with the rules of such Clearing Agency).

          "Preferred Security Certificate" means a certificate representing a
Preferred Security substantially in the form of Exhibit A-1.

          "Pricing Agreement" means the pricing agreement between the Trust, the
Debenture Issuer, and the underwriters designated by the Regular Trustees with
respect to the offer and sale of the Preferred Securities.

          "Primary Treasury Dealer" has the meaning set forth in Annex I hereto.

          "Purchase Contract Agreement" means the Purchase Contract Agreement
dated as of January __, 1998 among The First National Bank of Chicago, as
Purchase Contract Agent, and the Sponsor.

          "Purchase Contract Settlement Date" means February 16, 2001.

          "Put Option" has the meaning set forth in Annex I hereto.

          "Quorum" means a majority of the Regular Trustees or, if there are
only two Regular Trustees, both of them.

          "Quotation Agent" has the meaning set forth in Annex I hereto.

          "Redemption Amount" has the meaning set forth in Annex I hereto.

          "Redemption Price" has the meaning set forth in Annex I hereto.

          "Regular Trustee" has the meaning set forth in Section 5.1.

          "Related Party" means, with respect to the Sponsor, any direct or
indirect wholly owned subsidiary of the Sponsor or any other Person that owns,
directly or indirectly, 100% of the outstanding voting securities of the
Sponsor.



                                       6
   11

          "Reset Agent" means a nationally recognized investment banking firm
chosen by the Sponsor to determine the Reset Rate. It is currently anticipated
that Merrill Lynch & Co. will act in such capacity.

          "Reset Announcement Date" means the tenth (10) Business Day
immediately preceding the Purchase Contract Settlement Date.

          "Reset Rate" means the distribution rate per annum (to be determined
by the Reset Agent), equal to the sum of (X) the Reset Spread and (Y) the rate
of interest on the Two-Year Benchmark Treasury in effect on the third Business
Day immediately preceding the Purchase Contract Settlement Date, that the
Preferred Securities should bear in order for the Preferred Securities to have
an approximate market value of 100.5% of their aggregate liquidation amount on
the third Business Day immediately preceding the Purchase Contract Settlement
Date; provided, that the Sponsor may limit such Reset Spread to be no higher
than 200 basis points (2%).

          "Reset Spread" means a spread amount to be determined by the Reset
Agent on the tenth (10) Business Day immediately preceding the Purchase Contract
Settlement Date.

          "Responsible Officer" means, with respect to the Institutional
Trustee, any officer within the Corporate Trust Office of the Institutional
Trustee, including, without limitation, any vice-president, any assistant
vice-president, any assistant secretary, the treasurer, any assistant treasurer
or other officer of the Corporate Trust Office of the Institutional Trustee
assigned by the Institutional Trustee to administer its corporate trust matters
and also means, with respect to a particular corporate trust matter, any other
officer to whom such matter is referred because of that officer's knowledge of
and familiarity with the particular subject.

          "Rule 3a-5" means Rule 3a-5 under the Investment Company Act.

          "Securities" means the Common Securities and the Preferred Securities.

          "Securities Guarantees" means the Common Securities Guarantee and the
Preferred Securities Guarantee.

          "Securities Act" means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended from
time to time, or any successor legislation.

          "Sponsor" means Kennametal Inc., a Pennsylvania corporation, or any
successor entity in a merger or consolidation, in its capacity as sponsor of the
Trust.

          "Super Majority" has the meaning set forth in Section 2.6(a)(ii).

          "Tax Event" has the meaning set forth in Annex I hereto.

          "Tax Event Redemption" has the meaning set forth in Annex I hereto.

          "Tax Event Redemption Date" has the meaning set forth in Annex I
hereto.



                                       7
   12

          "10% in liquidation amount of the Securities" means, except as
provided in the terms of the Preferred Securities or by the Trust Indenture Act,
Holder(s) of outstanding Securities voting together as a single class or, as the
context may require, Holders of outstanding Preferred Securities or Holders of
outstanding Common Securities voting separately as a class, who are the record
owners of 10% or more of the aggregate liquidation amount (including the stated
amount that would be paid on repayment, liquidation or otherwise, plus accrued
and unpaid Distributions to the date upon which the voting percentages are
determined) of all outstanding Securities of the relevant class. 

          "Termination Event" has the meaning set forth in Section 1 of the
Purchase Contract Agreement.

          "Treasury Portfolio" has the meaning set forth in Annex I hereto.

          "Treasury Portfolio Purchase Price" has the meaning set forth in Annex
I hereto.

          "Treasury Regulations" means the income tax regulations, including
temporary and proposed regulations, promulgated under the Code by the United
States Treasury, as such regulations may be amended from time to time (including
corresponding provisions of succeeding regulations).

          "Treasury Securities" has the meaning set forth in Section 1 of the
Purchase Contract Agreement.

          "Trustee" or "Trustees" means each Person who has signed this
Declaration as a trustee, so long as such Person shall continue in office in
accordance with the terms hereof, and all other Persons who may from time to
time be duly appointed, qualified and serving as Trustees in accordance with the
provisions hereof, and references herein to a Trustee or the Trustees shall
refer to such Person or Persons solely in their capacity as trustees hereunder.

          "Trust Indenture Act" means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as
amended from time to time, or any successor legislation.

          "Two-Year Benchmark Treasury" means direct obligations of the United
States (which may be obligations traded on a when-issued basis only) having a
maturity comparable to the remaining term to maturity of the Preferred
Securities, as agreed upon by the Sponsor and the Reset Agent. The rate for the
Two-Year Benchmark Treasury will be the bid side rate displayed at 10:00 A.M.,
New York City time, on the third Business Day immediately preceding the Purchase
Contract Settlement Date in the Telerate system (or if the Telerate system is
(a) no longer available on the third Business Day immediately preceding the
Purchase Contract Settlement Date or (b) in the opinion of the Reset Agent
(after consultation with the Sponsor) no longer an appropriate system from which
to obtain such rate, such other nationally recognized quotation system as, in
the opinion of the Reset Agent (after consultation with the Sponsor) is
appropriate). If such rate is not so displayed, the rate for the Two-Year
Benchmark Treasury shall be, as calculated by the Reset Agent, the yield to
maturity for the Two-Year Benchmark Treasury, expressed as a bond equivalent on
the basis of a year of 365 or 366 days, as applicable, and applied on a daily
basis, and computed by taking the arithmetic mean of the secondary market bid
rates, as of 10:30 A.M., New York City time, on the third Business Day
immediately preceding the Purchase Contract Settlement Date of three leading
United States government securities dealers selected by the Reset Agent (after
consultation with the Sponsor) (which may include the Reset Agent or an
Affiliate thereof).



                                       8
   13

          "Purchase Agreement" means the Purchase Agreement for the offering and
sale of Preferred Securities.

                                   ARTICLE II

                               TRUST INDENTURE ACT

SECTION 2.1 TRUST INDENTURE ACT; APPLICATION.

     (a) This Declaration is subject to the provisions of the Trust Indenture
Act that are required to be part of this Declaration and shall, to the extent
applicable, be governed by such provisions.

     (b) The Institutional Trustee shall be the only Trustee which is a Trustee
for the purposes of the Trust Indenture Act.

     (c) If and to the extent that any provision of this Declaration limits,
qualifies or conflicts with the duties imposed by Sections 310 to 317,
inclusive, of the Trust Indenture Act, such imposed duties shall control.

     (d) Any application of the Trust Indenture Act to this Declaration shall
not affect the nature of the Securities as equity securities representing
undivided beneficial interests in the assets of the Trust.

SECTION 2.2 LISTS OF HOLDERS OF SECURITIES.

     (a) Each of the Sponsor and the Regular Trustees, on behalf of the Trust,
shall provide the Institutional Trustee (i) within 14 days after each record
date for payment of Distributions, a list, in such form as the Institutional
Trustee may reasonably require, of the names and addresses of the Holders of the
Securities ("List of Holders") as of such record date, provided that neither the
Sponsor nor the Regular Trustees, on behalf of the Trust, shall be obligated to
provide such List of Holders at any time the List of Holders does not differ
from the most recent List of Holders given to the Institutional Trustee by the
Sponsor and the Regular Trustees on behalf of the Trust, and (ii) at any other
time, within 30 days of receipt by the Trust of a written request by the
Institutional Trustee for a List of Holders as of a date no more than 14 days
before such List of Holders is given to the Institutional Trustee. The
Institutional Trustee shall preserve, in as current a form as is reasonably
practicable, all information contained in the Lists of Holders given to it or
which it receives in the capacity as Paying Agent (if acting in such capacity),
provided that the Institutional Trustee may destroy any List of Holders
previously given to it on receipt of a new List of Holders.

     (b) The Institutional Trustee shall comply with its obligations under
Sections 311(a), 310(b) and 312(b) of the Trust Indenture Act.

SECTION 2.3 REPORTS BY THE INSTITUTIONAL TRUSTEE.

     Within 60 days after May 15 of each year, commencing May 15, 1998, the
Institutional Trustee shall provide to the Holders of the Preferred Securities
such reports as are required by Section 313 of the Trust Indenture Act, if any,
in the form and in the manner provided by Section 313 of the Trust Indenture
Act. The Institutional Trustee shall also comply with the requirements of
Section 313(d) of the Trust Indenture Act.





                                       9
   14

SECTION 2.4 PERIODIC REPORTS TO INSTITUTIONAL TRUSTEE.

     Each of the Sponsor and the Regular Trustees, on behalf of the Trust, shall
provide to the Institutional Trustee such documents, reports and information as
required by Section 314 (if any) and the compliance certificate required by
Section 314 of the Trust Indenture Act in the form, in the manner and at the
times required by Section 314 of the Trust Indenture Act.

SECTION 2.5 EVIDENCE OF COMPLIANCE WITH CONDITIONS PRECEDENT.

     Each of the Sponsor and the Regular Trustees, on behalf of the Trust, shall
provide to the Institutional Trustee such evidence of compliance with any
conditions precedent, if any, provided for in this Declaration that relate to
any of the matters set forth in Section 314(c) of the Trust Indenture Act. Any
certificate or opinion required to be given by an officer pursuant to Section
314(c) (1) may be given in the form of an Officers' Certificate.

SECTION 2.6 EVENTS OF DEFAULT; WAIVER.

     (a) The Holders of a Majority in liquidation amount of Preferred Securities
may, by vote, on behalf of the Holders of all of the Preferred Securities, waive
any past Event of Default in respect of the Preferred Securities and its
consequences, provided that, if the underlying Event of Default under the
Indenture:

               (i) is not waivable under the Indenture, the Event of Default
     under this Declaration shall also not be waivable; or

               (ii) requires the consent or vote of greater than a majority in
     principal amount of the holders of the Debentures (a "Super Majority") to
     be waived under the Indenture, the Event of Default under this Declaration
     may only be waived by the vote of the Holders of at least the proportion in
     liquidation amount of the Preferred Securities that the relevant Super
     Majority represents of the aggregate principal amount of the Debentures
     outstanding.

The foregoing provisions of this Section 2.6(a) shall be in lieu of Section
316(a)(1)(B) of the Trust Indenture Act and such Section 316(a)(1)(B) of the
Trust Indenture Act is hereby expressly excluded from this Declaration and the
Preferred Securities, as permitted by the Trust Indenture Act. Upon such waiver,
any such default shall cease to exist, and any Event of Default with respect to
the Preferred Securities arising therefrom shall be deemed to have been cured,
for every purpose of this Declaration, but no such waiver shall extend to any
subsequent or other default or an Event of Default with respect to the Preferred
Securities or impair any right consequent thereon. Any waiver by the Holders of
the Preferred Securities of an Event of Default with respect to the Preferred
Securities shall also be deemed to constitute a waiver by the Holders of the
Common Securities of any such Event of Default with respect to the Common
Securities for all purposes of this Declaration without any further act, vote,
or consent of the Holders of the Common Securities.

     (b) The Holders of a Majority in liquidation amount of the Common
Securities may, by vote, on behalf of the Holders of all of the Common
Securities, waive any past Event of Default with respect to the Common
Securities and its consequences, provided that, if the underlying Event of
Default under the Indenture:



                                       10
   15

               (i) is not waivable under the Indenture, except where the Holders
     of the Common Securities are deemed to have waived such Event of Default
     under this Declaration as provided below in this Section 2.6(b), the Event
     of Default under this Declaration shall also not be waivable; or

               (ii) requires the consent or vote of a Super Majority to be
     waived, except where the Holders of the Common Securities are deemed to
     have waived such Event of Default under this Declaration as provided below
     in this Section 2.6(b), the Event of Default under this Declaration may
     only be waived by the vote of the Holders of at least the proportion in
     liquidation amount of the Common Securities that the relevant Super
     Majority represents of the aggregate principal amount of the Debentures
     outstanding;

provided further, each Holder of Common Securities will be deemed to have waived
any such Event of Default and all Events of Default with respect to the Common
Securities and its consequences until all Events of Default with respect to the
Preferred Securities have been cured, waived or otherwise eliminated, and until
such Events of Default have been so cured, waived or otherwise eliminated, the
Institutional Trustee will be deemed to be acting solely on behalf of the
Holders of the Preferred Securities and only the Holders of the Preferred
Securities will have the right to direct the Institutional Trustee in accordance
with the terms of the Securities. The foregoing provisions of this Section
2.6(b) shall be in lieu of Sections 316(a)(1)(A) and 316(a)(1)(B) of the
Trust Indenture Act and such Sections 316(a)(1)(A) and 316(a)(1)(B) of
the Trust Indenture Act are hereby expressly excluded from this Declaration and
the Securities, as permitted by the Trust Indenture Act. Subject to the
foregoing provisions of this Section 2.6(b), upon such waiver, any such default
shall cease to exist and any Event of Default with respect to the Common
Securities arising therefrom shall be deemed to have been cured for every
purpose of this Declaration, but no such waiver shall extend to any subsequent
or other default or Event of Default with respect to the Common Securities or
impair any right consequent thereon.

     (c) A waiver of an Event of Default under the Indenture by the
Institutional Trustee at the direction of the Holders of the Preferred
Securities constitutes a waiver of the corresponding Event of Default with
respect to the Preferred Securities under this Declaration. Any waiver of an
Event of Default under the Indenture by the Institutional Trustee at the
direction of the Holders of the Preferred Securities shall also be deemed to
constitute a waiver by the Holders of the Common Securities of the corresponding
Event of Default under this Declaration with respect to the Common Securities
for all purposes of this Declaration without further act, vote or consent of the
Holders of the Common Securities. The foregoing provisions of this Section
2.6(c) shall be in lieu of Section 316(a)(1)(B) of the Trust Indenture Act and
such Section 316(a)(1)(B) of the Trust Indenture Act is hereby expressly
excluded from this Declaration and the Securities, as permitted by the Trust
Indenture Act.

SECTION 2.7 EVENT OF DEFAULT; NOTICE.

     (a) The Institutional Trustee shall, within 90 days after the occurrence of
an Event of Default, actually known to a Responsible Officer of the
Institutional Trustee, transmit by mail, first class postage prepaid, to the
Holders of the Securities, notices of all such defaults with respect to the
Securities, unless such defaults have been cured before the giving of such
notice (the term "defaults" for the purposes of this Section 2.7(a) being hereby
defined to be an Event of Default as defined in the Indenture, not including any
periods of grace provided for therein and irrespective of the giving of any
notice provided therein); provided that, except for a default in the payment of
principal of (or premium, if any) or interest on any 



                                       11
   16

of the Debentures, the Institutional Trustee shall be protected in withholding
such notice if and so long as a Responsible Officer of the Institutional Trustee
in good faith determines that the withholding of such notice is in the interests
of the Holders of the Securities.

     (b) The Institutional Trustee shall not be deemed to have knowledge of any
default except:

               (i)   a default under Sections 5.1 and 5.3 of the Indenture; or

               (ii) any default as to which the Institutional Trustee shall have
     received written notice or of which a Responsible Officer of the
     Institutional Trustee charged with the administration of this Declaration
     shall have actual knowledge.

                                   ARTICLE III

                                  ORGANIZATION

SECTION 3.1 NAME.

     The Trust is named "Kennametal Financing I," as such name may be modified
from time to time by the Regular Trustees following written notice to the
Holders of the Securities. The Trust's activities may be conducted under the
name of the Trust or any other name deemed advisable by the Regular Trustees.

SECTION 3.2 OFFICE.

     The address of the principal office of the Trust is c/o Kennametal Inc.,
Corporate Headquarters, State Route 981 South, P.O. Box 231, Latrobe,
Pennsylvania 15650-0231. On ten Business Days written notice to the
Institutional Trustee and Holders of the Securities, the Regular Trustees may
designate another principal office.

SECTION 3.3 PURPOSE.

     The exclusive purposes and functions of the Trust are (a) to issue and sell
the Securities and use the gross proceeds from such sale to acquire the
Debentures, and (b) except as otherwise set forth herein, to engage in only
those other activities necessary, appropriate, convenient or incidental thereto.
The Trust shall not borrow money, issue debt or reinvest proceeds derived from
investments, pledge any of its assets, or otherwise undertake (or permit to be
undertaken) any activity that would cause the Trust not to be classified for
United States federal income tax purposes as a grantor trust. It is the intent
of the parties to this Declaration for the Trust to be classified as a grantor
trust for United States federal income tax purposes under Subpart E of
Subchapter J of the Code, pursuant to which the owners of the Preferred
Securities and the Common Securities will be the owners of the Trust for United
States federal income tax purposes, and such owners will include directly in
their gross income the income, gain, deduction or loss of the Trust as if the
Trust did not exist. By the acceptance of this Trust neither the Trustees, the
Sponsor nor the Holders of the Preferred Securities or Common Securities will
take any position for United States federal income tax purposes which is
contrary to the classification of the Trust as a grantor trust.



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SECTION 3.4 AUTHORITY.

     Subject to the limitations provided in this Declaration and to the specific
duties of the Institutional Trustee, the Regular Trustees shall have exclusive
and complete authority to carry out the purposes of the Trust. An action taken
by the Regular Trustees in accordance with their powers shall constitute the act
of and serve to bind the Trust and an action taken by the Institutional Trustee
on behalf of the Trust in accordance with its powers shall constitute the act of
and serve to bind the Trust. In dealing with the Trustees acting on behalf of
the Trust, no Person shall be required to inquire into the authority of the
Trustees to bind the Trust. Persons dealing with the Trust are entitled to rely
conclusively on the power and authority of the Trustees as set forth in this
Declaration.

SECTION 3.5 TITLE TO PROPERTY OF THE TRUST.

     Except as provided in Section 3.8 with respect to the Debentures and the
Institutional Trustee Account or as otherwise provided in this Declaration,
legal title to all assets of the Trust shall be vested in the Trust. A Holder
shall not have legal title to any part of the assets of the Trust, but shall
have an undivided beneficial interest in the assets of the Trust.

SECTION 3.6 POWERS AND DUTIES OF THE REGULAR TRUSTEES.

     The Regular Trustees shall have the exclusive power, duty and authority to
cause the Trust to engage in the following activities:

     (a) to issue and sell the Preferred Securities and the Common Securities in
accordance with this Declaration; provided, however, that the Trust may issue no
more than one series of Preferred Securities and no more than one series of
Common Securities, and, provided further, that there shall be no interests in
the Trust other than the Securities, and the issuance of Securities shall be
limited to a simultaneous issuance of both Preferred Securities and Common
Securities on each Closing Date;

     (b) in connection with the issue and sale of the Preferred Securities, at
the direction of the Sponsor, to:

               (i) execute and file with the Commission the registration
     statement and the prospectus relating to the registration statement on Form
     S-3 prepared by the Sponsor, including any amendments or supplements,
     thereto, pertaining to the Preferred Securities and to take any other
     action relating to the registration and sale of the Preferred Securities
     under federal and state securities laws;

               (ii) execute and file any documents prepared by the Sponsor, or
     take any acts as determined by the Sponsor to be necessary in order to
     qualify or register all or part of the FELINE PRIDES in any State in which
     the Sponsor has determined to qualify or register such FELINE PRIDES for
     sale;

               (iii) execute and file an application, prepared by the Sponsor,
     to the New York Stock Exchange, Inc. or any other national stock exchange
     or the Nasdaq Stock Market's National Market for listing upon notice of
     issuance of any Preferred Securities;



                                       13
   18

               (iv) execute and file with the Commission a registration
     statement on Form 8-A, including any amendments thereto, prepared by the
     Sponsor, relating to the registration of the Preferred Securities under
     Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act; and

               (v) execute and enter into the Purchase Agreement and Pricing
     Agreement providing for the sale of the FELINE PRIDES;

     (c) to acquire the Debentures with the proceeds of the sale of the
Preferred Securities and the Common Securities; provided, however, that the
Regular Trustees shall cause legal title to the Debentures to be held of record
in the name of the Institutional Trustee for the benefit of the Trust and the
Holders of the Preferred Securities and the Holders of Common Securities;

     (d) to give the Sponsor and the Institutional Trustee prompt written notice
of the occurrence of a Tax Event or an Investment Company Event; provided that
the Regular Trustees shall consult with the Sponsor before taking or refraining
from taking any Ministerial Action in relation to a Tax Event or Investment
Company Event;

     (e) to establish a record date with respect to all actions to be taken
hereunder that require a record date be established, including and with respect
to, for the purposes of Section 316(c) of the Trust Indenture Act,
Distributions, voting rights, repayments, redemptions and exchanges, and to
issue relevant notices to the Holders of Preferred Securities and Holders of
Common Securities as to such actions and applicable record dates;

     (f) to take all actions and perform such duties as may be required of the
Regular Trustees pursuant to the terms of the Securities and this Declaration;

     (g) to bring or defend, pay, collect, compromise, arbitrate, resort to
legal action, or otherwise adjust claims or demands of or against the Trust
("Legal Action"), unless pursuant to Section 3.8(e) the Institutional Trustee
has the exclusive power to bring such Legal Action;

     (h) to employ or otherwise engage employees and agents (who may be
designated as officers with titles) and managers, contractors, advisors, and
consultants and pay reasonable compensation for such services;

     (i) to cause the Trust to comply with the Trust's obligations under the
Trust Indenture Act;

     (j) to give the certificate required by Section 314(a)(4) of the Trust
Indenture Act to the Institutional Trustee, which certificate may be executed by
any Regular Trustee;

     (k) to incur expenses that are necessary, appropriate, convenient or
incidental to carry out any of the purposes of the Trust;

     (l) to act as, or appoint another Person to act as, registrar and transfer
agent for the Securities;

     (m) to give prompt written notice to the Holders of the Securities of any
notice received from the Debenture Issuer of its election to defer payments of
interest on the Debentures by extending the interest payment period under the
Indenture;



                                       14
   19

     (n) to take all action that may be necessary or appropriate for the
preservation and the continuation of the Trust's valid existence, rights,
franchises and privileges as a statutory business trust under the laws of the
State of Delaware and of each other jurisdiction in which such existence is
necessary to protect the limited liability of the Holders of the Preferred
Securities or to enable the Trust to effect the purposes for which the Trust was
created;

     (o) to take any action, not inconsistent with this Declaration or with
applicable law, that the Regular Trustees determine in their discretion to be
necessary or desirable in carrying out the activities of the Trust, including,
but not limited to:

               (i) causing the Trust not to be deemed to be an Investment
     Company required to be registered under the Investment Company Act;

               (ii) causing the Trust to be classified for United States federal
     income tax purposes as a grantor trust; and

               (iii) cooperating with the Debenture Issuer to ensure that the
     Debentures will be treated as indebtedness of the Debenture Issuer for
     United States federal income tax purposes, provided that such action
     relating to this clause (iii) does not adversely affect the interests of
     Holders;

     (p) to take all action necessary to cause all applicable tax returns and
tax information reports that are required to be filed with respect to the Trust
to be duly prepared and filed by the Regular Trustees, on behalf of the Trust;

     (q) to execute all documents or instruments, perform all duties and powers,
and do all things for and on behalf of the Trust in all matters necessary,
appropriate, convenient or incidental to the foregoing; and

     (r) if applicable, to solicit holders of Securities which form a part of
the Income PRIDES to timely instruct the Purchase Contract Agent in order to
enable the Purchase Contract Agent to vote such Securities.

     The Regular Trustees must exercise the powers set forth in this Section 3.6
in a manner that is consistent with the purposes and functions of the Trust set
out in Section 3.3, and the Regular Trustees shall not take any action that is
inconsistent with the purposes and functions of the Trust set forth in Section
3.3.

     Subject to this Section 3.6, the Regular Trustees shall have none of the
powers or the authority of the Institutional Trustee set forth in Section 3.8.
No permissive power or authority available to the Regular Trustees shall be
construed to be a duty.

     Any expenses incurred by the Regular Trustees pursuant to this Section 3.6
shall be reimbursed by the Sponsor.



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SECTION 3.7 PROHIBITION OF ACTIONS BY THE TRUST AND THE TRUSTEES.

     (a) The Trust shall not, and the Trustees (including the Institutional
Trustee) shall cause the Trust not to, engage in any activity other than as
required or authorized by this Declaration. In particular, the Trust shall not
and the Trustees (including the Institutional Trustee) shall cause the Trust not
to:

               (i) invest any proceeds received by the Trust from holding the
     Debentures, but shall distribute all such proceeds to Holders of Securities
     pursuant to the terms of this Declaration and of the Securities;

               (ii) acquire any assets other than as expressly provided herein;

               (iii) possess Trust property for other than a Trust purpose;

               (iv) make any loans or incur any indebtedness for borrowed money,
     other than loans represented by the Debentures;

               (v) possess any power or otherwise act in such a way as to vary
     the Trust assets or the terms of the Securities in any way whatsoever;

               (vi) issue any securities or other evidences of beneficial
     ownership of, or beneficial interest in, the Trust other than the
     Securities; or

               (vii) other than as provided in this Declaration or Annex I, (A)
     direct the time, method and place of exercising any trust or power
     conferred upon the Debenture Trustee with respect to the Debentures, (B)
     waive any past default that is waivable under the Indenture, (C) exercise
     any right to rescind or annul any declaration that the principal of all the
     Debentures shall be due and payable, or (D) consent to any amendment,
     modification or termination of the Indenture or the Debentures where such
     consent shall be required unless the Trust shall have received an opinion
     of counsel to the effect that such modification will not cause more than an
     insubstantial risk that for United States federal income tax purposes the
     Trust will not be classified as a grantor trust.

SECTION 3.8 POWERS AND DUTIES OF THE INSTITUTIONAL TRUSTEE.

     (a) The legal title to the Debentures shall be owned by and held of record
in the name of the Institutional Trustee in trust for the benefit of the Trust
and the Holders of the Securities. The right, title and interest of the
Institutional Trustee to the Debentures shall vest automatically in each Person
who may hereafter be appointed as Institutional Trustee in accordance with
Section 5.6. Such vesting and cessation of title shall be effective whether or
not conveyancing documents with regard to the Debentures have been executed and
delivered.

     (b) The Institutional Trustee shall not transfer its right, title and
interest in the Debentures to the Regular Trustees or to the Delaware Trustee
(if the Institutional Trustee does not also act as Delaware Trustee).

     (c) The Institutional Trustee shall:



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               (i) establish and maintain a segregated non-interest bearing
     trust account (the "Institutional Trustee Account") in the name of and
     under the exclusive control of the Institutional Trustee on behalf of the
     Trust and the Holders of the Securities and, upon the receipt of payments
     of funds made in respect of the Debentures held by the Institutional
     Trustee, deposit such funds into the Institutional Trustee Account and make
     payments to the Holders of the Preferred Securities and Holders of the
     Common Securities from the Institutional Trustee Account in accordance with
     Section 6.1. Funds in the Institutional Trustee Account shall be held
     uninvested until disbursed in accordance with this Declaration. The
     Institutional Trustee Account shall be an account that is maintained with a
     banking institution the rating on whose long-term unsecured indebtedness is
     rated at least "A" or above by a "nationally recognized statistical rating
     organization", as that term is defined for purposes of Rule 436(g)(2) under
     the Securities Act;

               (ii) engage in such ministerial activities as shall be necessary,
     appropriate, convenient or incidental to effect the repayment of the
     Preferred Securities and the Common Securities to the extent the Debentures
     mature or are redeemed or the Put Option is exercised; and

               (iii) upon written notice of distribution issued by the Regular
     Trustees in accordance with the terms of the Securities, engage in such
     ministerial activities as shall be necessary, appropriate, convenient or
     incidental to effect the distribution of the Debentures to Holders of
     Securities upon the occurrence of certain special events (as may be defined
     in the terms of the Securities) arising from a change in law or a change in
     legal interpretation or other specified circumstances pursuant to the terms
     of the Securities.

     (d) The Institutional Trustee shall take all actions and perform such
duties as may be specifically required of the Institutional Trustee pursuant to
the terms of the Securities and this Declaration.

     (e) The Institutional Trustee shall take any Legal Action which arises out
of or in connection with an Event of Default of which a Responsible Officer of
the Institutional Trustee has actual knowledge or the Institutional Trustee's
duties and obligations under this Declaration, the Business Trust Act or the
Trust Indenture Act; provided, however, that if the Institutional Trustee fails
to enforce its rights under the Debentures after a Holder of Preferred
Securities has made a written request, such Holder of Preferred Securities may,
to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, institute a legal proceeding
against the Debenture Issuer without first instituting any legal proceeding
against the Institutional Trustee or any other person or entity. Notwithstanding
the foregoing, if an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing and such
event is attributable to the failure of the Debenture Issuer to pay interest on
or principal of the Debentures on the date such interest or principal is
otherwise payable (or in the case of redemption, on the redemption date), then a
Holder of Preferred Securities may directly institute a proceeding for
enforcement of payment to such Holder of the principal of or interest on the
Debentures having a principal amount equal to the aggregate liquidation amount
of the Preferred Securities of such holder (a "Direct Action") on or after the
respective due date specified in the Debentures. In connection with such Direct
Action, the Sponsor shall have the right under the Indenture to set off any
payment made to such holder. In connection with such Direct Action, the rights
of the Holders of Common Securities will be subrogated to the rights of such
Holders of Preferred Securities. In connection with such Direct Action, the
Debenture Issuer shall be subrogated to the rights of such Holder of Preferred
Securities with respect to payments on the Preferred Securities under this
Declaration to the extent of any payment made by the Debenture Issuer to such
Holder of Preferred Securities in such Direct Action. Except as provided in the
preceding sentences, the Holders of Preferred Securities will not be able to
exercise directly any other remedy available to the Holders of the Debentures.



                                       17
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     (f) The Institutional Trustee shall continue to serve as a Trustee until
either:

               (i) the Trust has been completely liquidated and the proceeds of
     the liquidation distributed to the Holders of Securities pursuant to the
     terms of the Securities; or

               (ii) a Successor Institutional Trustee has been appointed and has
     accepted that appointment in accordance with Section 5.6.

     (g) The Institutional Trustee shall have the legal power to exercise all of
the rights, powers and privileges of a holder of Debentures under the Indenture
and, if an Event of Default actually known to a Responsible Officer of the
Institutional Trustee occurs and is continuing, the Institutional Trustee shall,
for the benefit of Holders of the Securities, enforce its rights as holder of
the Debentures subject to the rights of the Holders pursuant to the terms of
such Securities and this Declaration.

     (h) Subject to this Section 3.8, the Institutional Trustee shall have none
of the duties, liabilities, powers or the authority of the Regular Trustees set
forth in Section 3.6.

     The Institutional Trustee must exercise the powers set forth in this
Section 3.8 in a manner that is consistent with the purposes and functions of
the Trust set out in Section 3.3, and the Institutional Trustee shall not take
any action that is inconsistent with the purposes and functions of the Trust set
out in Section 3.3.

SECTION 3.9 CERTAIN DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE INSTITUTIONAL TRUSTEE.

     (a) The Institutional Trustee, before the occurrence of any Event of
Default and after the curing or waiver of all Events of Default that may have
occurred, shall undertake to perform only such duties as are specifically set
forth in this Declaration and no implied covenants shall be read into this
Declaration against the Institutional Trustee. In case an Event of Default has
occurred (that has not been cured or waived pursuant to Section 2.6) of which a
Responsible Officer of the Institutional Trustee has actual knowledge, the
Institutional Trustee shall exercise such of the rights and powers vested in it
by this Declaration, and use the same degree of care and skill in their
exercise, as a prudent person would exercise or use under the circumstances in
the conduct of his or her own affairs.

     (b) No provision of this Declaration shall be construed to relieve the
Institutional Trustee from liability for its own negligent action, its own
negligent failure to act, or its own willful misconduct, except that:

               (i) prior to the occurrence of an Event of Default and after the
     curing or waiving of all such Events of Default that may have occurred:

                          (A) the duties and obligations of the Institutional
          Trustee shall be determined solely by the express provisions of this
          Declaration and the Institutional Trustee shall not be liable except
          for the performance of such duties and obligations as are specifically
          set forth in this Declaration, and no implied covenants or obligations
          shall be read into this Declaration against the Institutional Trustee;
          and

                          (B) in the absence of bad faith on the part of the
          Institutional Trustee, the Institutional Trustee may conclusively
          rely, as to the truth of the statements and the 



                                       18
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          correctness of the opinions expressed therein, upon any certificates
          or opinions furnished to the Institutional Trustee and conforming to
          the requirements of this Declaration; but in the case of any such
          certificates or opinions that by any provision hereof are specifically
          required to be furnished to the Institutional Trustee, the
          Institutional Trustee shall be under a duty to examine the same to
          determine whether or not they conform to the requirements of this
          Declaration;

               (ii) the Institutional Trustee shall not be liable for any error
     of judgment made in good faith by a Responsible Officer of the
     Institutional Trustee, unless it shall be proved that the Institutional
     Trustee was negligent in ascertaining the pertinent facts;

               (iii) the Institutional Trustee shall not be liable with respect
     to any action taken or omitted to be taken by it in good faith in
     accordance with the direction of the Holders of not less than a Majority in
     liquidation amount of the Securities relating to the time, method and place
     of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Institutional
     Trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred upon the Institutional
     Trustee under this Declaration;

               (iv) no provision of this Declaration shall require the
     Institutional Trustee to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur
     personal financial liability in the performance of any of its duties or in
     the exercise of any of its rights or powers, if it shall have reasonable
     grounds for believing that the repayment of such funds or liability is not
     reasonably assured to it under the terms of this Declaration or indemnity
     reasonably satisfactory to the Institutional Trustee against such risk or
     liability is not reasonably assured to it;

               (v) the Institutional Trustee's sole duty with respect to the
     custody, safe keeping and physical preservation of the Debentures and the
     Institutional Trustee Account shall be to deal with such property in a
     similar manner as the Institutional Trustee deals with similar property for
     its fiduciary accounts generally, subject to the protections and
     limitations on liability afforded to the Institutional Trustee under this
     Declaration, the Business Trust Act and the Trust Indenture Act;

               (vi) the Institutional Trustee shall have no duty or liability
     for or with respect to the value, genuineness, existence or sufficiency of
     the Debentures or the payment of any taxes or assessments levied thereon or
     in connection therewith;

               (vii) the Institutional Trustee shall not be liable for any
     interest on any money received by it except as it may otherwise agree with
     the Sponsor. Money held by the Institutional Trustee need not be segregated
     from other funds held by it except in relation to the Institutional Trustee
     Account maintained by the Institutional Trustee pursuant to Section
     3.8(c)(i) and except to the extent otherwise required by law; and

               (viii) the Institutional Trustee shall not be responsible for
     monitoring the compliance by the Regular Trustees or the Sponsor with their
     respective duties under this Declaration, nor shall the Institutional
     Trustee be liable for any default or misconduct of the Regular Trustees or
     the Sponsor.



                                       19
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SECTION 3.10 CERTAIN RIGHTS OF INSTITUTIONAL TRUSTEE.

     (a)   Subject to the provisions of Section 3.9:

               (i) the Institutional Trustee may conclusively rely and shall be
     fully protected in acting or refraining from acting upon any resolution,
     certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request,
     direction, consent, order, bond, debenture, note, other evidence of
     indebtedness or other paper or document believed by it to be genuine and to
     have been signed, sent or presented by the proper party or parties;

               (ii) any direction or act of the Sponsor or the Regular Trustees
     contemplated by this Declaration shall be sufficiently evidenced by a
     Direction or an Officer's Certificate;

               (iii) whenever in the administration of this Declaration, the
     Institutional Trustee shall deem it desirable that a matter be proved or
     established before taking, suffering or omitting any action hereunder, the
     Institutional Trustee (unless other evidence is herein specifically
     prescribed) may, in the absence of bad faith on its part, request and
     conclusively rely upon an Officer's Certificate which, upon receipt of such
     request, shall be promptly delivered by the Sponsor or the Regular
     Trustees;

               (iv) the Institutional Trustee shall have no duty to see to any
     recording, filing or registration of any instrument (including any
     financing or continuation statement or any filing under tax or securities
     laws) or any rerecording, refiling or registration thereof;

               (v) the Institutional Trustee may consult with counsel or other
     experts and the advice or opinion of such counsel and experts with respect
     to legal matters or advice within the scope of such experts' area of
     expertise shall be full and complete authorization and protection in
     respect of any action taken, suffered or omitted by it hereunder in good
     faith and in accordance with such advice or opinion. Such counsel may be
     counsel to the Sponsor or any of its Affiliates, and may include any of its
     employees. The Institutional Trustee shall have the right at any time to
     seek instructions concerning the administration of this Declaration from
     any court of competent jurisdiction;

               (vi) the Institutional Trustee shall be under no obligation to
     exercise any of the rights or powers vested in it by this Declaration at
     the request or direction of any Holder, unless such Holder shall have
     provided to the Institutional Trustee security and indemnity, reasonably
     satisfactory to the Institutional Trustee, against the costs, expenses
     (including attorneys' fees and expenses and the expenses of the
     Institutional Trustee's agents, nominees or custodians) and liabilities
     that might be incurred by it in complying with such request or direction,
     including such reasonable advances as may be requested by the Institutional
     Trustee provided, that, nothing contained in this Section 3.10(a)(vi) shall
     be taken to relieve the Institutional Trustee, upon the occurrence of an
     Event of Default, of its obligation to exercise the rights and powers
     vested in it by this Declaration;

               (vii) the Institutional Trustee shall be under no obligation to
     conduct an investigation into the facts or matters stated in any
     resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice,
     request, direction, consent, order, bond, debenture, note, other evidence
     of indebtedness 



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     or other paper or document, but the Institutional Trustee, in its
     discretion, may make such further inquiry or investigation into such facts
     or matters as it may see fit;

               (viii) the Institutional Trustee may execute any of the trusts or
     powers hereunder or perform any duties hereunder either directly or by or
     through agents, custodians, nominees or attorneys and the Institutional
     Trustee shall not be responsible for any misconduct or negligence on the
     part of any agent or attorney appointed with due care by it hereunder;

               (ix) any action taken by the Institutional Trustee or its agents
     hereunder shall bind the Trust and the Holders of the Securities, and the
     signature of the Institutional Trustee or its agents alone shall be
     sufficient and effective to perform any such action and no third party
     shall be required to inquire as to the authority of the Institutional
     Trustee to so act or as to its compliance with any of the terms and
     provisions of this Declaration, both of which shall be conclusively
     evidenced by the Institutional Trustee's or its agent's taking such action;

               (x) whenever in the administration of this Declaration the
     Institutional Trustee shall deem it desirable to receive instructions with
     respect to enforcing any remedy or right or taking any other action
     hereunder, the Institutional Trustee (i) may request instructions from the
     Holders of the Securities which instructions may only be given by the
     Holders of the same proportion in liquidation amount of the Securities as
     would be entitled to direct the Institutional Trustee under the terms of
     the Securities in respect of such remedy, right or action, (ii) may refrain
     from enforcing such remedy or right or taking such other action until such
     instructions are received, and (iii) shall be protected in conclusively
     relying on or acting in or accordance with such instructions; and

               (xi) except as otherwise expressly provided by this Declaration,
     the Institutional Trustee shall not be under any obligation to take any
     action that is discretionary under the provisions of this Declaration.

     (b) No provision of this Declaration shall be deemed to impose any duty or
obligation on the Institutional Trustee to perform any act or acts or exercise
any right, power, duty or obligation conferred or imposed on it, in any
jurisdiction in which it shall be illegal, or in which the Institutional Trustee
shall be unqualified or incompetent in accordance with applicable law, to
perform any such act or acts, or to exercise any such right, power, duty or
obligation. No permissive power or authority available to the Institutional
Trustee shall be construed to be a duty.

SECTION 3.11 DELAWARE TRUSTEE.

     Notwithstanding any other provision of this Declaration other than Section
5.2, the Delaware Trustee shall not be entitled to exercise any powers, nor
shall the Delaware Trustee have any of the duties and responsibilities of the
Trustees (except as required under the Business Trust Act) described in this
Declaration. Except as set forth in Section 5.2, the Delaware Trustee shall be a
Trustee for the sole and limited purpose of fulfilling the requirements of
Section 3807 of the Business Trust Act.



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SECTION 3.12 EXECUTION OF DOCUMENTS.

     Unless otherwise determined by the Regular Trustees, and except as
otherwise required by the Business Trust Act, a majority of or, if there are
only two, any Regular Trustee or, if there is only one, such Regular Trustee is
authorized to execute on behalf of the Trust any documents that the Regular
Trustees have the power and authority to execute pursuant to Section 3.6;
provided that, the registration statement referred to in Section 3.6(b)(i),
including any amendments thereto, shall be signed by all of the Regular
Trustees.

SECTION 3.13 NOT RESPONSIBLE FOR RECITALS OR ISSUANCE OF SECURITIES.

     The recitals contained in this Declaration shall be taken as the statements
of the Sponsor, and the Trustees do not assume any responsibility for their
correctness. The Trustees make no representations as to the value or
condition of the property of the Trust or any part thereof. The Trustees make no
representations as to the validity or sufficiency of this Declaration or the
Securities.

SECTION 3.14 DURATION OF TRUST.

     The Trust, unless terminated pursuant to the provisions of Article VIII
hereof, shall dissolve on November 12, 2004.

SECTION 3.15 MERGERS.

     (a) The Trust may not consolidate, amalgamate, merge with or into, or be
replaced by, or convey, transfer or lease its properties and assets
substantially as an entirety to any corporation or other body, except as
described in Section 3.15(b) and (c).

     (b) The Trust may, with the consent of the Regular Trustees or, if there
are more than two, a majority of the Regular Trustees and without the consent of
the Holders of the Securities, the Delaware Trustee or the Institutional
Trustee, consolidate, amalgamate, merge with or into, or be replaced by a trust
organized as such under the laws of any State; provided that if the Trust is not
the surviving entity:

               (i) such successor entity (the "Successor Entity") either:

                          (A) expressly assumes all of the obligations of the
               Trust under the Securities; or

                          (B) substitutes for the Preferred Securities other
               securities having substantially the same terms as the Preferred
               Securities (the "Successor Securities"), so long as the Successor
               Securities rank the same as the Preferred Securities rank with
               respect to Distributions and payments upon liquidation,
               redemption, repayment and otherwise and substitutes for the
               Common Securities other securities having substantially the same
               terms as the Common Securities (the "Successor Common
               Securities"), so long as the Successor Common Securities rank the
               same as the Common Securities rank with respect to Distributions
               and payments upon liquidation, redemption, repayment and
               otherwise;



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               (ii) the Debenture Issuer expressly acknowledges a trustee of the
     Successor Entity that possesses the same powers and duties as the
     Institutional Trustee as the holder of the Debentures;

               (iii) if necessary, the Preferred Securities or any Successor
     Securities will be listed, or any Successor Securities will be listed upon
     notification of issuance, on any national securities exchange or with
     another organization on which the Preferred Securities are then listed or
     quoted;

               (iv) such merger, consolidation, amalgamation or replacement does
     not cause the Preferred Securities (including any Successor Securities) to
     be downgraded by any nationally recognized statistical rating organization;

               (v) such merger, consolidation, amalgamation or replacement does
     not adversely affect the rights, preferences and privileges of the Holders
     of the Securities (including any Successor Securities and any Successor
     Common Securities) in any material respect (other than with respect to any
     dilution of such Holders' interests in the new entity);

               (vi) such Successor Entity has a purpose identical to that of the
     Trust;

               (vii) prior to such merger, consolidation, amalgamation or
     replacement, the Sponsor has received an opinion of a nationally recognized
     independent counsel to the Trust experienced in such matters to the effect
     that:

                          (A) such merger, consolidation, amalgamation or
          replacement does not adversely affect the rights, preferences and
          privileges of the Holders of the Securities (including any Successor
          Securities) in any material respect (other than with respect to any
          dilution of the Holders' interest in the new entity);

                          (B) following such merger, consolidation, amalgamation
          or replacement, neither the Trust nor the Successor Entity will be
          required to register as an Investment Company; and

                          (C) following such merger, consolidation, amalgamation
          or replacement, the Trust (or the Successor Entity) will continue to
          be classified as a grantor trust for United States federal income tax
          purposes; and

               (viii) the Sponsor guarantees the obligations of such Successor
     Entity under the Successor Securities at least to the extent provided by
     the Securities Guarantees.

     (c) Notwithstanding Section 3.15(b), the Trust shall not, except with the
consent of Holders of 100% in liquidation amount of the Securities, consolidate,
amalgamate, merge with or into, or be replaced by any other entity or permit any
other entity to consolidate, amalgamate, merge with or into, or replace it if
such consolidation, amalgamation, merger or replacement would cause the Trust or
Successor Entity to be classified as other than a grantor trust for United
States federal income tax purposes.



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                                   ARTICLE IV

                                     SPONSOR

SECTION 4.1 SPONSOR'S PURCHASE OF COMMON SECURITIES.

     On the Closing Date the Sponsor will purchase all of the Common Securities
issued by the Trust, in an amount at least equal to 3.0% of the capital of the
Trust, at the same time as the Preferred Securities are sold.

SECTION 4.2 RIGHTS AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE SPONSOR.

     In connection with the issue, sale and, if necessary, the remarketing of
the Preferred Securities, the Sponsor shall have the exclusive right and
responsibility to engage in the following activities:

     (a) to prepare for filing by the Trust with the Commission a registration
statement on Form S-3 in relation to the Preferred Securities, including any
amendments thereto;

     (b) if necessary, to determine the States in which to take appropriate
action to qualify or register for sale all or part of the FELINE PRIDES and to
do any and all such acts, other than actions which must be taken by the Trust,
and advise the Trust of actions it must take, and prepare for execution and
filing any documents to be executed and filed by the Trust, as the Sponsor deems
necessary or advisable in order to comply with the applicable laws of any such
States;

     (c) if necessary, to prepare for filing by the Trust of an application to
the New York Stock Exchange or any other national stock exchange or the Nasdaq
National Market for listing upon notice of issuance of any Preferred Securities;

     (d) if necessary, to prepare for filing by the Trust with the Commission of
a registration statement on Form 8-A relating to the registration of the
Preferred Securities under Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act, including any
amendments thereto; and

     (e) to negotiate the terms of the Remarketing Agreement, the Remarketing
Purchase Agreement, the Purchase Agreement and the Pricing Agreement providing
for the sale of the FELINE PRIDES.

SECTION 4.3 RIGHT TO PROCEED.

     The Sponsor acknowledges the rights of Holders to institute a Direct Action
as set forth in Section 3.8(e) hereto.

SECTION 4.4 EXPENSES.

     In connection with the offering, sale and issuance of the Debentures to the
Institutional Trustee and in connection with the sale of the Securities by the
Trust, the Sponsor, in its capacity as borrower with respect to the Debentures,
shall:



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     (a) pay all costs and expenses relating to the offering, sale and issuance
of the Debentures, including commissions to the underwriters payable pursuant to
the Purchase Agreement and Pricing Agreement and compensation of the Trustee
under the Indenture in accordance with the provisions of the Indenture;

     (b) be responsible for and shall pay all debts and obligations (other than
with respect to the Securities) and all costs and expenses of the Trust
(including, but not limited to, costs and expenses relating to the organization,
maintenance and dissolution of the Trust, the offering, sale and issuance of the
Securities (including commissions to the underwriters in connection therewith),
the fees and expenses (including reasonable counsel fees and expenses) of the
Institutional Trustee, the Delaware Trustee and the Regular Trustees (including
any amounts payable under Article X of this Declaration), the costs and expenses
relating to the operation of the Trust, including, without limitation, costs and
expenses of accountants, attorneys, statistical or bookkeeping services,
expenses for printing and engraving and computing or accounting equipment,
paying agent(s), registrar(s), transfer agent(s), duplicating, travel and
telephone and other telecommunications expenses and costs and expenses incurred
in connection with the acquisition, financing, and disposition of Trust assets
and the enforcement by the Institutional Trustee of the rights of the Holders of
the Securities;

     (c) be primarily liable for any indemnification obligations arising under
Section 10.4 with respect to this Declaration; and

     (d) pay any and all taxes (other than United States withholding taxes
attributable to the Trust or its assets) and all liabilities, costs and expenses
with respect to such taxes of the Trust.

     The Sponsor's obligations under this Section 4.4 shall be for the benefit
of, and shall be enforceable by, any person to whom such debts, obligations,
costs, expenses and taxes are owed (a "Creditor") whether or not such Creditor
has received notice hereof. Any such Creditor may enforce the Sponsor's
obligations under this Section 4.4 directly against the Sponsor and the Sponsor
irrevocably waives any right or remedy to require that any such Creditor take
any action against the Trust or any other Person before proceeding against the
Sponsor. The Debenture Issuer agrees to execute such additional agreements as
may be necessary or desirable in order to give full effect to the provisions of
this Section 4.4.

                                    ARTICLE V

                                    TRUSTEES

SECTION 5.1 NUMBER OF TRUSTEES.

     The number of Trustees initially shall be five (5), and:

     (a) at any time before the issuance of any Securities, the Sponsor may, by
written instrument, increase or decrease the number of Trustees; and

     (b) after the issuance of any Securities, the number of Trustees may be
increased or decreased by vote of the holders of a majority in liquidation
amount of the Common Securities voting as a class at a meeting of the Holders of
the Common Securities; provided, however, that, the number of Trustees shall 



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in no event be less than three (3); provided further that (1) one Trustee, shall
meet the requirements of Section 5.2 (a) and (b); (2) there shall be at least
two Trustees who are employees or officers of, or are affiliated with the
Sponsor (a "Regular Trustee"); and (3) one Trustee shall be the Institutional
Trustee for so long as this Declaration is required to qualify as an indenture
under the Trust Indenture Act, and such Institutional Trustee may also serve as
Delaware Trustee if it meets the applicable requirements.

SECTION 5.2 DELAWARE TRUSTEE.

     If required by the Business Trust Act, one Trustee (the "Delaware Trustee")
shall be:

     (a) a natural person who is a resident of the State of Delaware; or

     (b) if not a natural person, an entity which has its principal place of
business in the State of Delaware, and otherwise meets the requirements of
applicable law, provided that, if the Institutional Trustee has its principal
place of business in the State of Delaware and otherwise meets the requirements
of applicable law, then the Institutional Trustee shall also be the Delaware
Trustee and Section 3.11 shall have no application.

     (c) The initial Delaware Trustee shall be:

                First Chicago Delaware Inc.
                300 King Street
                Wilmington, DE 19801

SECTION 5.3 INSTITUTIONAL TRUSTEE; ELIGIBILITY.

     (a) There shall at all times be one Trustee which shall act as
Institutional Trustee for so long as this Declaration is required to qualify as
an Indenture under the Trust Indenture Act, which shall:

               (i)   not be an Affiliate of the Sponsor; and

               (ii) be a corporation organized and doing business under the laws
     of the United States of America or any State or Territory thereof or of the
     District of Columbia, or a corporation or Person permitted by the
     Commission to act as an institutional trustee under the Trust Indenture
     Act, authorized under such laws to exercise corporate trust powers, having
     a combined capital and surplus of at least 750 million U.S. dollars
     ($750,000,000), and subject to supervision or examination by Federal,
     State, Territorial or District of Columbia authority. If such corporation
     publishes reports of condition at least annually, pursuant to law or to the
     requirements of the supervising or examining authority referred to above,
     then for the purposes of this Section 5.3(a)(ii), the combined capital and
     surplus of such corporation shall be deemed to be its combined capital and
     surplus as set forth in its most recent report of condition so published.

     (b) If at any time the Institutional Trustee shall cease to be eligible to
so act under Section 5.3(a), the Institutional Trustee shall immediately resign
in the manner and with the effect set forth in Section 5.6(c).



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     (c) If the Institutional Trustee has or shall acquire any "conflicting
interest" within the meaning of Section 310(b) of the Trust Indenture Act, the
Institutional Trustee and the Holder of the Common Securities (as if it were the
obligor referred to in Section 310(b) of the Trust Indenture Act) shall in all
respects comply with the provisions of Section 310(b) of the Trust Indenture
Act.

     (d) The Preferred Securities Guarantee and the Indenture shall be deemed to
be specifically described in this Declaration and the Indenture for purposes of
clause (i) of the first proviso contained in Section 310(b) of the Trust
Indenture Act.

     (e) The initial Institutional Trustee shall be:

                The First National Bank of Chicago
                Global Corporate Trust Service
                One First National Plaza, Suite 0126
                Chicago, IL 60670-0126

SECTION 5.4 CERTAIN QUALIFICATIONS OF REGULAR TRUSTEES AND DELAWARE TRUSTEE
            GENERALLY.

     Each Regular Trustee and the Delaware Trustee (unless the Institutional
Trustee also acts as Delaware Trustee) shall be either a natural person who is
at least 21 years of age or a legal entity that shall act through one or more
Authorized Officers.

SECTION 5.5 REGULAR TRUSTEES.

     The initial Regular Trustees shall be:

          Robert L. McGeehan
          David T. Cofer
          James E. Morrison


     (a) Except as expressly set forth in this Declaration and except if a
meeting of the Regular Trustees is called with respect to any matter over which
the Regular Trustees have power to act, any power of the Regular Trustees may be
exercised by, or with the consent of, any one such Regular Trustee.

     (b) Unless otherwise determined by the Regular Trustees, and except as
otherwise required by the Business Trust Act or applicable law, any Regular
Trustee is authorized to execute on behalf of the Trust any documents which the
Regular Trustees have the power and authority to cause the Trust to execute
pursuant to Section 3.6, provided, that, the registration statement referred to
in Section 3.6, including any amendments thereto, shall be signed by all of the
Regular Trustees; and

     (c) a Regular Trustee may, by power of attorney consistent with applicable
law, delegate to any other natural person over the age of 21 his or her power
for the purposes of signing any documents that the Regular Trustees have power
and authority to cause the Trust to execute pursuant to Section 3.6.



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SECTION 5.6 APPOINTMENT, REMOVAL AND RESIGNATION OF TRUSTEES.

     (a) Subject to Section 5.6(b), Trustees may be appointed or removed without
cause at any time:

               (i) until the issuance of any Securities, by written instrument
     executed by the Sponsor; and

               (ii) after the issuance of any Securities, by vote of the Holders
     of a Majority in liquidation amount of the Common Securities voting as a
     class at a meeting of the Holders of the Common Securities.

     (b)       (i) The Trustee that acts as Institutional Trustee shall not be
     removed in accordance with Section 5.6(a) until a successor Institutional
     Trustee possessing the qualifications to act as Institutional Trustee under
     Sections 5.2 and 5.3 (a "Successor Institutional Trustee") has been
     appointed and has accepted such appointment by written instrument executed
     by such Successor Institutional Trustee and delivered to the Regular
     Trustees and the Sponsor; and

               (ii) The Trustee that acts as Delaware Trustee shall not be
     removed in accordance with Section 5.6(a) until a successor Trustee
     possessing the qualifications to act as Delaware Trustee under Sections 5.2
     and 5.4 (a "Successor Delaware Trustee") has been appointed and has
     accepted such appointment by written instrument executed by such Successor
     Delaware Trustee and delivered to the Regular Trustees and the Sponsor.

     (c) A Trustee appointed to office shall hold office until such Trustee's
successor shall have been appointed or until such Trustee's death, removal or
resignation. Any Trustee may resign from office (without need for prior or
subsequent accounting) by an instrument in writing signed by the Trustee and
delivered to the Sponsor and the Trust, which resignation shall take effect upon
such delivery or upon such later date as is specified therein; provided,
however, that:

               (i) no such resignation of the Trustee that acts as the
     Institutional Trustee shall be effective:

                          (A) until a Successor Institutional Trustee has been
          appointed and has accepted such appointment by instrument executed by
          such Successor Institutional Trustee and delivered to the Trust, the
          Sponsor and the resigning Institutional Trustee; or

                          (B) until the assets of the Trust have been completely
          liquidated and the proceeds thereof distributed to the holders of the
          Securities; and

               (ii) no such resignation of the Trustee that acts as the Delaware
     Trustee shall be effective until a Successor Delaware Trustee has been
     appointed and has accepted such appointment by instrument executed by such
     Successor Delaware Trustee and delivered to the Trust, the Sponsor and the
     resigning Delaware Trustee.

     (d) The Holders of the Common Securities shall use all reasonable efforts
to promptly appoint a Successor Delaware Trustee or Successor Institutional
Trustee, as the case may be, if the Institutional Trustee or the Delaware
Trustee delivers an instrument of resignation in accordance with this Section
5.6.



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     (e) If no Successor Institutional Trustee or Successor Delaware Trustee
shall have been appointed and accepted appointment as provided in this Section
5.6 within 60 days after delivery to the Sponsor and the Trust of an instrument
of resignation, the resigning Institutional Trustee or Delaware Trustee, as
applicable, may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for appointment of
a Successor Institutional Trustee or Successor Delaware Trustee. Such court may
thereupon, after prescribing such notice, if any, as it may deem proper and
prescribe, appoint a Successor Institutional Trustee or Successor Delaware
Trustee, as the case may be.

     (f) No Institutional Trustee or Delaware Trustee shall be liable for the
acts or omissions to act of any Successor Institutional Trustee or Successor
Delaware Trustee, as the case may be.

SECTION 5.7 VACANCIES AMONG TRUSTEES.

     If a Trustee ceases to hold office for any reason and the number of
Trustees is not reduced pursuant to Section 5.1, or if the number of Trustees is
increased pursuant to Section 5.1, a vacancy shall occur. A resolution
certifying the existence of such vacancy by the Regular Trustees or, if there
are more than two Regular Trustees, a majority of the Regular Trustees shall be
conclusive evidence of the existence of such vacancy. The vacancy shall be
filled with a Trustee appointed in accordance with Section 5.6.

SECTION 5.8 EFFECT OF VACANCIES.

     The death, resignation, retirement, removal, bankruptcy, dissolution,
liquidation, incompetence or incapacity to perform the duties of a Trustee shall
not operate to annul the Trust. Whenever a vacancy among the Regular Trustees
shall occur, until such vacancy is filled by the appointment of a Regular
Trustee in accordance with Section 5.6, the Regular Trustees in office,
regardless of their number, shall have all the powers granted to the Regular
Trustees and shall discharge all the duties imposed upon the Regular Trustees by
this Declaration.

SECTION 5.9 MEETINGS.

     If there are more than two Regular Trustees, meetings of the Regular
Trustees shall be held from time to time upon the call of any Regular Trustee.
Regular meetings of the Regular Trustees may be held at a time and place fixed
by resolution of the Regular Trustees. Notice of any in-person meetings of the
Regular Trustees shall be hand delivered or otherwise delivered in writing
(including by facsimile, with a hard copy by overnight courier) not less than 48
hours before such meeting. Notice of any telephonic meetings of the Regular
Trustees or any committee thereof shall be hand delivered or otherwise delivered
in writing (including by facsimile, with a hard copy by overnight courier) not
less than 24 hours before a meeting. Notices shall contain a brief statement of
the time, place and anticipated purposes of the meeting. The presence (whether
in person or by telephone) of a Regular Trustee at a meeting shall constitute a
waiver of notice of such meeting except where a Regular Trustee attends a
meeting for the express purpose of objecting to the transaction of any activity
on the ground that the meeting has not been lawfully called or convened. Unless
provided otherwise in this Declaration, any action of the Regular Trustees may
be taken at (i) a meeting by vote of a majority of the Regular Trustees present
(whether in person or by telephone) and eligible to vote with respect to such
matter, provided that a Quorum is present, or (ii) without a meeting by the
unanimous written consent of the Regular Trustees. In the event there is only
one Regular Trustee, any and all action of such Regular Trustee shall be
evidenced by a written consent of such Regular Trustee.



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SECTION 5.10 DELEGATION OF POWER.

     (a) Any Regular Trustee may, by power of attorney consistent with
applicable law, delegate to any other natural person over the age of 21 his or
her power for the purpose of executing any documents contemplated in Section
3.6, including any registration statement or amendment thereto filed with the
Commission, or making any other governmental filing; and

     (b) the Regular Trustees shall have power to delegate from time to time to
such of their number or to officers of the Trust the doing of such things and
the execution of such instruments either in the name of the Trust or the names
of the Regular Trustees or otherwise as the Regular Trustees may deem expedient,
to the extent such delegation is not prohibited by applicable law or contrary to
the provisions of the Trust, as set forth herein.

SECTION 5.11 MERGER, CONVERSION. CONSOLIDATION OR SUCCESSION TO BUSINESS.

     Any corporation into which the Institutional Trustee or the Delaware
Trustee, as the case may be, may be merged or converted or with which either may
be consolidated, or any corporation resulting from any merger, conversion or
consolidation to which the Institutional Trustee or the Delaware Trustee, as the
case may be, shall be a party, or any corporation succeeding to all or
substantially all the corporate trust business of the Institutional Trustee or
the Delaware Trustee, as the case may be, shall be the successor of the
Institutional Trustee or the Delaware Trustee, as the case may be, hereunder,
provided such corporation shall be otherwise qualified and eligible under this
Article, without the execution or filing of any paper or any further act on the
part of any of the parties hereto.

                                   ARTICLE VI

                                  DISTRIBUTIONS

SECTION 6.1 DISTRIBUTIONS.

     Holders shall receive Distributions (as defined herein) in accordance with
the applicable terms of the relevant Holder's Securities. Distributions shall be
made on the Preferred Securities and the Common Securities in accordance with
the preferences set forth in their respective terms. If and to the extent that
the Debenture Issuer makes a payment of interest (including Compounded Interest
(as defined in the Indenture) and Additional Interest (as defined in the
Indenture)), premium and/or principal on the Debentures held by the
Institutional Trustee (the amount of any such payment being a "Payment Amount"),
the Institutional Trustee shall and is directed, to the extent funds are
available for that purpose, to make a distribution (a "Distribution") of the
Payment Amount to Holders.

                                   ARTICLE VII

                             ISSUANCE OF SECURITIES

SECTION 7.1 GENERAL PROVISIONS REGARDING SECURITIES.

     (a) The Regular Trustees shall, on behalf of the Trust, issue one class of
preferred securities representing undivided beneficial interests in the assets
of the Trust having such terms as are set forth in 



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Annex I (the "Preferred Securities") and one class of common securities
representing undivided beneficial interests in the assets of the Trust having
such terms as are set forth in Annex I (the "Common Securities"). The Trust
shall issue no securities or other interests in the assets of the Trust other
than the Preferred Securities and the Common Securities.

     (b) The Certificates shall be signed on behalf of the Trust by a Regular
Trustee. Such signature shall be the manual or facsimile signature of any
present or any future Regular Trustee. In case any Regular Trustee who shall
have signed any of the Securities shall cease to be such Regular Trustee before
the Certificates so signed shall be delivered by the Trust, such Certificates
nevertheless may be delivered as though the person who signed such Certificates
had not ceased to be such Regular Trustee; and any Certificate may be signed on
behalf of the Trust by such persons who, at the actual date of execution of such
Certificate, shall be the Regular Trustees of the Trust, although at the date of
the execution and delivery of the Declaration any such person was not such a
Regular Trustee. Certificates shall be printed, lithographed or engraved or may
be produced in any other manner as is reasonably acceptable to the Regular
Trustees, as evidenced by their execution thereof, and may have such letters,
numbers or other marks of identification or designation and such legends or
endorsements as the Regular Trustees may deem appropriate, or as may be required
to comply with any law or with any rule or regulation of any stock exchange on
which Securities may be listed, or to conform to usage.

     (c) The consideration received by the Trust for the issuance of the
Securities shall constitute a contribution to the capital of the Trust and shall
not constitute a loan to the Trust.

     (d) Upon issuance of the Securities as provided in this Declaration, the
Securities so issued shall be deemed to be validly issued, fully paid and
non-assessable.

     (e) Every Person, by virtue of having become a Holder or a Preferred
Security Beneficial Owner in accordance with the terms of this Declaration,
shall be deemed to have expressly assented and agreed to the terms of, and shall
be bound by, this Declaration.

SECTION 7.2 PAYING AGENT.

     In the event that the Preferred Securities are not in book-entry only form,
the Trust shall maintain in the borough of Manhattan, City of New York, State of
New York, an office or agency where the Preferred Securities may be presented
for payment ("Paying Agent"), and any such Paying Agent shall comply with
Section 317(b) of the Trust Indenture Act. The Trust may appoint the Paying
Agent and may appoint one or more additional paying agents in such other
locations as it shall determine. The term "Paying Agent" includes any additional
paying agent. The Trust may change any Paying Agent without prior notice to any
Holder. The Trust shall notify the Institutional Trustee of the name and address
of any Paying Agent not a party to this Declaration. If the Trust fails to
appoint or maintain another entity as Paying Agent, the Institutional Trustee
shall act as such. The Trust or any of its Affiliates (including the Sponsor)
may act as Paying Agent. The Institutional Trustee shall initially act as Paying
Agent for the Preferred Securities and the Common Securities.



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                                  ARTICLE VIII

                              TERMINATION OF TRUST

SECTION 8.1 TERMINATION OF TRUST.

     (a)   The Trust shall terminate:

               (i) upon a Termination Event;

               (ii) upon the filing of a certificate of dissolution or its
     equivalent with respect to the Sponsor; or the revocation of the Sponsor's
     charter and the expiration of 90 days after the date of revocation without
     a reinstatement thereof;

               (iii) upon the entry of a decree of judicial dissolution of the
     Holder of the Common Securities, the Sponsor or the Trust;

               (iv) upon the occurrence and continuation of an Investment
     Company Event pursuant to which the Trust shall have been dissolved in
     accordance with the terms of the Securities and all of the Debentures
     endorsed thereon shall have been distributed to the Holders of Securities
     in exchange for all of the Securities;

               (v) when all the Securities shall have been called for redemption
     and the amounts necessary for redemption thereof shall have been paid to
     the Holders in accordance with the terms of the Securities; or

               (vi) before the issuance of any Securities, with the consent of
     all of the Regular Trustees and the Sponsor.

     (b) As soon as is practicable after the occurrence of an event referred to
in Section 8.1(a) and upon completion of the winding-up of the Trust and its
termination, the Trustees shall file a certificate of cancellation with the
Secretary of State of the State of Delaware.

     (c) The provisions of Section 4.4 and Article X shall survive the
termination of the Trust.

                                   ARTICLE IX

                              TRANSFER OF INTERESTS

SECTION 9.1 TRANSFER OF SECURITIES.

     (a) Securities may only be transferred, in whole or in part, in accordance
with the terms and conditions set forth in this Declaration and in the terms of
the Securities. Any transfer or purported transfer of any Security not made in
accordance with this Declaration shall be null and void.

     (b) Subject to this Article IX, Preferred Securities shall be freely
transferable.



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     (c) Subject to this Article IX, the Sponsor and any Related Party may only
transfer Common Securities to the Sponsor or a Related Party of the Sponsor;
provided that, any such transfer is subject to the condition precedent that the
transferor obtain the written opinion of nationally recognized independent
counsel experienced in such matters that such transfer would not cause more than
an insubstantial risk that:

               (i) the Trust would not be classified for United States federal
     income tax purposes as a grantor trust; and

               (ii) the Trust would be an Investment Company or the transferee
     would become an Investment Company.

SECTION 9.2 TRANSFER OF CERTIFICATES.

     The Regular Trustees shall provide for the registration of Certificates and
of transfers of Certificates, which will be effected without charge but only
upon payment (with such indemnity as the Regular Trustees may require) in
respect of any tax or other government charges that may be imposed in relation
to it. Upon surrender for registration of transfer of any Certificate, the
Regular Trustees shall cause one or more new Certificates to be issued in the
name of the designated transferee or transferees. Every Certificate surrendered
for registration of transfer shall be accompanied by a written instrument of
transfer in form satisfactory to the Regular Trustees duly executed by the
Holder or such Holder's attorney duly authorized in writing. Each Certificate
surrendered for registration of transfer shall be canceled by the Regular
Trustees. A transferee of a Certificate shall be entitled to the rights and
subject to the obligations of a Holder hereunder upon the receipt by such
transferee of a Certificate. By acceptance of a Certificate, each transferee
shall be deemed to have agreed to be bound by this Declaration.

SECTION 9.3 DEEMED SECURITY HOLDERS.

     The Trustees may treat the Person in whose name any Certificate shall be
registered on the books and records of the Trust as the sole holder of such
Certificate and of the Securities represented by such Certificate for purposes
of receiving Distributions and for all other purposes whatsoever and,
accordingly, shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to or
interest in such Certificate or in the Securities represented by such
Certificate on the part of any Person, whether or not the Trust shall have
actual or other notice thereof.

SECTION 9.4 BOOK ENTRY INTERESTS.

     The Preferred Securities Certificates, on original issuance, in addition to
being issued in the form of one or more definitive, fully registered Preferred
Securities Certificate (each a "Definitive Preferred Securities Certificate")
registered initially in the books and records of the Trust in the name of The
First National Bank of Chicago, as Purchase Contract Agent, will be issued in
the form of one or more, fully registered, global Preferred Security
Certificates (each a "Global Certificate"), to be delivered to DTC, the initial
Clearing Agency, by, or on behalf of, the Trust. Such Global Certificate(s)
shall initially be registered on the books and records of the Trust in the name
of Cede & Co., the nominee of DTC, and no Preferred Security Beneficial Owner
will receive a definitive Preferred Security Certificate representing such
Preferred Security Beneficial Owner's interests in such Global Certificate(s),
except as provided in Section 9.7. Except for the Definitive Preferred Security
Certificates as specified herein and the definitive, 



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   38

fully registered Preferred Securities Certificates that have been issued to the
Preferred Security Beneficial Owners pursuant to Section 9.7:

     (a) the provisions of this Section 9.4 shall be in full force and effect;

     (b) the Trust and the Trustees shall be entitled to deal with the Clearing
Agency for all purposes of this Declaration (including the payment of
Distributions on the Global Certificate(s) and receiving approvals, votes or
consents hereunder) as the Holder of the Preferred Securities and the sole
holder of the Global Certificate(s) and shall have no obligation to the
Preferred Security Beneficial Owners;

     (c) to the extent that the provisions of this Section 9.4 conflict with any
other provisions of this Declaration, the provisions of this Section 9.4 shall
control; and

     (d) the rights of the Preferred Security Beneficial Owners shall be
exercised only through the Clearing Agency and shall be limited to those
established by law and agreements between such Preferred Security Beneficial
Owners and the Clearing Agency and/or the Clearing Agency Participants to
receive and transmit payments of Distributions on the Global Certificates to
such Clearing Agency Participants. DTC will make book entry transfers among the
Clearing Agency Participants; provided, that, solely for the purposes of
determining whether the Holders of the requisite amount of Preferred Securities
have voted on any matter provided for in this Declaration, so long as Definitive
Preferred Security Certificates have not been issued, the Trustees may
conclusively rely on, and shall be protected in relying on, any written
instrument (including a proxy) delivered to the Trustees by the Clearing Agency
setting forth the Preferred Security Beneficial Owners' votes or assigning the
right to vote on any matter to any other Persons either in whole or in part.

SECTION 9.5 NOTICES TO CLEARING AGENCY.

     Whenever a notice or other communication to the Preferred Security Holders
is required under this Declaration, unless and until definitive fully registered
Preferred Security Certificates shall have been issued to the Preferred Security
Beneficial Owners pursuant to Section 9.7 or otherwise, the Regular Trustees
shall give all such notices and communications specified herein to be given to
the Preferred Security Holders to the Clearing Agency, and shall have no notice
obligations to the Preferred Security Beneficial Owners.

SECTION 9.6 APPOINTMENT OF SUCCESSOR CLEARING AGENCY.

     If any Clearing Agency elects to discontinue its services as securities
depositary with respect to the Preferred Securities, the Regular Trustees may,
in their sole discretion, appoint a successor Clearing Agency with respect to
such Preferred Securities.

SECTION 9.7 DEFINITIVE PREFERRED SECURITY CERTIFICATES.

     If:

     (a) a Clearing Agency elects to discontinue its services as securities
depositary with respect to the Preferred Securities and a successor Clearing
Agency is not appointed within 90 days after such discontinuance pursuant to
Section 9.6; or



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     (b) the Regular Trustees elect after consultation with the Sponsor to
terminate the book entry system through the Clearing Agency with respect to the
Preferred Securities, then:

     (c) definitive fully registered Preferred Security Certificates shall be
prepared by the Regular Trustees on behalf of the Trust with respect to such
Preferred Securities; and

     (d) upon surrender of the Global Certificate(s) by the Clearing Agency,
accompanied by registration instructions, the Regular Trustees shall cause
definitive fully registered Preferred Securities Certificates to be delivered to
Preferred Security Beneficial Owners in accordance with the instructions of the
Clearing Agency. Neither the Trustees nor the Trust shall be liable for any
delay in delivery of such instructions and each of them may conclusively rely on
and shall be protected in relying on, said instructions of the Clearing Agency.
The definitive fully registered Preferred Security Certificates shall be
printed, lithographed or engraved or may be produced in any other manner as is
reasonably acceptable to the Regular Trustees, as evidenced by their execution
thereof, and may have such letters, numbers or other marks of identification or
designation and such legends or endorsements as the Regular Trustees may deem
appropriate, or as may be required to comply with any law or with any rule or
regulation made pursuant thereto or with any rule or regulation of any stock
exchange on which Preferred Securities may be listed, or to conform to usage.

SECTION 9.8 MUTILATED, DESTROYED, LOST OR STOLEN CERTIFICATES.

     If:

     (a) any mutilated Certificate should be surrendered to the Regular
Trustees, or if the Regular Trustees shall receive evidence to their
satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft of any Certificate; and

     (b) there shall be delivered to the Regular Trustees such security or
indemnity as may be required by them to keep each of them and the Trust
harmless,

then, in the absence of notice that such Certificate shall have been acquired by
a bona fide purchaser, any Regular Trustee on behalf of the Trust shall execute
and deliver, in exchange for or in lieu of any such mutilated, destroyed, lost
or stolen Certificate, a new Certificate of like denomination. In connection
with the issuance of any new Certificate under this Section 9.8, the Regular
Trustees may require the payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other
governmental charge that may be imposed in connection therewith. Any duplicate
Certificate issued pursuant to this Section shall constitute conclusive evidence
of an ownership interest in the relevant Securities, as if originally issued,
whether or not the lost, stolen or destroyed Certificate shall be found at any
time.

                                    ARTICLE X

      LIMITATION OF LIABILITY OF HOLDERS OF SECURITIES, TRUSTEES OR OTHERS

SECTION 10.1 LIABILITY.

     (a) Except as expressly set forth in this Declaration, the Debentures, the
Securities Guarantees and the terms of the Securities, the Sponsor shall not be:



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               (i) personally liable for the return of any portion of the
     capital contributions (or any return thereon) of the Holders of the
     Securities, which shall be made solely from assets of the Trust; or

               (ii) required to pay to the Trust or to any Holder of Securities
     any deficit upon dissolution of the Trust or otherwise.

     (b) The Holder of the Common Securities shall be liable for all of the
debts and obligations of the Trust (other than with respect to the Securities)
to the extent not satisfied out of the Trust's assets.

     (c) Pursuant to Section 3803(a) of the Business Trust Act, the Holders of
the Preferred Securities shall be entitled to the same limitation of personal
liability extended to stockholders of private corporations for profit organized
under the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware.

SECTION 10.2 EXCULPATION.

     (a) No Indemnified Person shall be liable, responsible or accountable in
damages or otherwise to the Trust or any Covered Person for any loss, damage or
claim incurred by reason of any act or omission performed or omitted by such
Indemnified Person in good faith on behalf of the Trust and in a manner such
Indemnified Person reasonably believed to be within the scope of the authority
conferred on such Indemnified Person by this Declaration or by law, except that
an Indemnified Person shall be liable for any such loss, damage or claim
incurred by reason of such Indemnified Person's gross negligence or willful
misconduct with respect to such acts or omissions.

     (b) An Indemnified Person shall be fully protected in relying in good faith
upon the records of the Trust and upon such information, opinions, reports or
statements presented to the Trust by any Person as to matters the Indemnified
Person reasonably believes are within such other Person's professional or expert
competence and who has been selected with reasonable care by or on behalf of the
Trust, including information, opinions, reports or statements as to the value
and amount of the assets, liabilities, profits, losses, or any other facts
pertinent to the existence and amount of assets from which Distributions to
Holders of Securities might properly be paid.

SECTION 10.3 FIDUCIARY DUTY.

     (a) To the extent that, at law or in equity, an Indemnified Person has
duties (including fiduciary duties) and liabilities relating thereto to the
Trust or to any other Covered Person, an Indemnified Person acting under this
Declaration shall not be liable to the Trust or to any other Covered Person for
its good faith reliance on the provisions of this Declaration. The provisions of
this Declaration, to the extent that they restrict the duties and liabilities of
an Indemnified Person otherwise existing at law or in equity (other than the
duties imposed on the Institutional Trustee under the Trust Indenture Act), are
agreed by the parties hereto to replace such other duties and liabilities of
such Indemnified Person.

     (b) Unless otherwise expressly provided herein:

               (i) whenever a conflict of interest exists or arises between any
     Covered Persons; or



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               (ii) whenever this Declaration or any other agreement
     contemplated herein or therein provides that an Indemnified Person shall
     act in a manner that is, or provides terms that are, fair and reasonable to
     the Trust or any Holder of Securities,

the Indemnified Person shall resolve such conflict of interest, take such action
or provide such terms, considering in each case the relative interest of each
party (including its own interest) to such conflict, agreement, transaction or
situation and the benefits and burdens relating to such interests, any customary
or accepted industry practices, and any applicable generally accepted accounting
practices or principles. In the absence of bad faith by the Indemnified Person,
the resolution, action or term so made, taken or provided by the Indemnified
Person shall not constitute a breach of this Declaration or any other agreement
contemplated herein or of any duty or obligation of the Indemnified Person at
law or in equity or otherwise.

     (c) Whenever in this Declaration an Indemnified Person is permitted or
required to make a decision:

               (i) in its "discretion" or under a grant of similar authority,
     the Indemnified Person shall be entitled to consider such interests and
     factors as it desires, including its own interests, and shall have no duty
     or obligation to give any consideration to any interest of or factors
     affecting the Trust or any other Person; or

               (ii) in its "good faith" or under another express standard, the
     Indemnified Person shall act under such express standard and shall not be
     subject to any other or different standard imposed by this Declaration or
     by applicable law.

SECTION 10.4 INDEMNIFICATION.

     (a)       (i) The Sponsor shall indemnify, to the full extent permitted by
     law, any Company Indemnified Person who was or is a party or is threatened
     to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or
     proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (other
     than an action by or in the right of the Trust) by reason of the fact that
     he is or was a Company Indemnified Person against expenses (including
     attorneys' fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually
     and reasonably incurred by him in connection with such action, suit or
     proceeding if he acted in good faith and in a manner he reasonably believed
     to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Trust, and, with
     respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to
     believe his conduct was unlawful. The termination of any action, suit or
     proceeding by judgment, order, settlement, conviction, or upon a plea of
     nolo contendere or its equivalent, shall not, of itself, create a
     presumption that the Company Indemnified Person did not act in good faith
     and in a manner which he reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the
     best interests of the Trust, and, with respect to any criminal action or
     proceeding, had reasonable cause to believe that his conduct was unlawful.

               (ii) The Sponsor shall indemnify, to the full extent permitted by
     law, any Company Indemnified Person who was or is a party or is threatened
     to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action or suit
     by or in the right of the Trust to procure a judgment in its favor by
     reason of the fact that he is or was a Company Indemnified Person against
     expenses (including attorneys' fees) actually and reasonably incurred by
     him in connection with the defense or settlement of such action or suit if
     he acted in good faith and in a manner he reasonably believed 



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     to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Trust and except that
     no such indemnification shall be made in respect of any claim, issue or
     matter as to which such Company Indemnified Person shall have been adjudged
     to be liable to the Trust unless and only to the extent that the Court of
     Chancery of Delaware or the court in which such action or suit was brought
     shall determine upon application that, despite the adjudication of
     liability but in view of all the circumstances of the case, such person is
     fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnity for such expenses which such
     Court of Chancery or such other court shall deem proper.

               (iii) Any indemnification under paragraphs (i) and (ii) of this
     Section 10.4(a) (unless ordered by a court) shall be made by the Sponsor
     only as authorized in the specific case upon a determination that
     indemnification of the Company Indemnified Person is proper in the
     circumstances because he has met the applicable standard of conduct set
     forth in paragraphs (i) and (ii). Such determination shall be made (1) by
     the Regular Trustees by a majority vote of a quorum consisting of such
     Regular Trustees who were not parties to such action, suit or proceeding,
     (2) if such a quorum is not obtainable, or, even if obtainable, if a quorum
     of disinterested Regular Trustees so directs, by independent legal counsel
     in a written opinion, or (3) by the Common Security Holder of the Trust.

               (iv) Expenses (including attorneys' fees) incurred by a Company
     Indemnified Person in defending a civil, criminal, administrative or
     investigative action, suit or proceeding referred to in paragraphs (i) and
     (ii) of this Section 10.4(a) shall be paid by the Debenture Issuer in
     advance of the final disposition of such action, suit or proceeding upon
     receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of such Company Indemnified
     Person to repay such amount if it shall ultimately be determined that such
     person is not entitled to be indemnified by the Debenture Issuer as
     authorized in this Section 10.4(a). Notwithstanding the foregoing, no
     advance shall be made by the Debenture Issuer if a determination is
     reasonably and promptly made (i) by the Regular Trustees by a majority vote
     of a quorum of disinterested Regular Trustees, (ii) if such a quorum is not
     obtainable, or, even if obtainable, if a quorum of disinterested Regular
     Trustees so directs, by independent legal counsel in a written opinion or
     (iii) the Common Security Holder of the Trust, that, based upon the facts
     known to the Regular Trustees, independent legal counsel or Common Security
     Holder at the time such determination is made, such person acted in bad
     faith or in a manner that such person did not believe to be in or not
     opposed to the best interests of the Trust, or, with respect to any
     criminal proceeding, that such Company Indemnified Person believed or had
     reasonable cause to believe his conduct was unlawful. In no event shall any
     advance be made in instances where the Regular Trustees, independent legal
     counsel or Common Security Holder reasonably determine that such person
     deliberately breached such person's duty to the Trust or its Common or
     Preferred Security Holders.

               (v) The indemnification and advancement of expenses provided by,
     or granted pursuant to, the other paragraphs of this Section 10.4(a) shall
     not be deemed exclusive of any other rights to which those seeking
     indemnification and advancement of expenses may be entitled under any
     agreement, vote of shareholders or disinterested directors of the Sponsor
     or Preferred Security Holders of the Trust or otherwise, both as to action
     in his official capacity and as to action in another capacity while holding
     such office. All rights to indemnification under this Section 10.4(a) shall
     be deemed to be provided by a contract between the Sponsor and each Company
     Indemnified Person who serves in such capacity at any time while this
     Section 10.4(a) is in effect. Any repeal or modification of this Section
     10.4(a) shall not affect any rights or obligations then existing.



                                       38
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               (vi) The Sponsor or the Trust may purchase and maintain insurance
     on behalf of any person who is or was a Company Indemnified Person against
     any liability asserted against him and incurred by him in any such
     capacity, or arising out of his status as such, whether or not the Sponsor
     would have the power to indemnify him against such liability under the
     provisions of this Section 10.4(a).

               (vii) For purposes of this Section 10.4(a), references to "the
     Trust" shall include, in addition to the resulting or surviving entity, any
     constituent entity (including any constituent of a constituent) absorbed in
     a consolidation or merger, so that any person who is or was a director,
     trustee, officer or employee of such constituent entity, or is or was
     serving at the request of such constituent entity as a director, trustee,
     officer, employee or agent of another entity, shall stand in the same
     position under the provisions of this Section 10.4(a) with respect to the
     resulting or surviving entity as such person would have with respect to
     such constituent entity if its separate existence had continued.

               (viii) The indemnification and advancement of expenses provided
     by, or granted pursuant to, this Section 10.4(a) shall, unless otherwise
     provided when authorized or ratified, continue as to a person who has
     ceased to be a Company Indemnified Person and shall inure to the benefit of
     the successors, heirs, executors and administrators of such a person.

     (b) The Sponsor agrees to indemnify the (i) Institutional Trustee, (ii) the
Delaware Trustee, (iii) any Affiliate of the Institutional Trustee or the
Delaware Trustee, and (iv) any officers, directors, shareholders, members,
partners, employees, representatives, custodians, nominees or agents of the
Institutional Trustee or the Delaware Trustee (each of the Persons in (i)
through (iv) being referred to as a "Fiduciary Indemnified Person") for, and to
hold each Fiduciary Indemnified Person harmless against, any loss, liability or
expense incurred without gross negligence and, in the case of the Institutional
Trustee, pursuant to Section 3.9, negligence or bad faith on its part, arising
out of or in connection with the acceptance or administration of the trust or
trusts hereunder, including the costs and expenses (including reasonable legal
fees and expenses) of defending itself against or investigating any claim or
liability in connection with the exercise or performance of any of its powers or
duties hereunder. The provisions of this Section 10.4(b) shall survive the
satisfaction and discharge of this Declaration or the resignation or removal of
the Institutional Trustee or the Delaware Trustee, as the case may be.

SECTION 10.5 OUTSIDE BUSINESSES.

     Any Covered Person, the Sponsor, the Delaware Trustee and the Institutional
Trustee may engage in or possess an interest in other business ventures of any
nature or description, independently or with others, similar or dissimilar to
the business of the Trust, and the Trust and the Holders of Securities shall
have no rights by virtue of this Declaration in and to such independent ventures
or the income or profits derived therefrom, and the pursuit of any such venture,
even if competitive with the business of the Trust, shall not be deemed wrongful
or improper. No Covered Person, the Sponsor, the Delaware Trustee or the
Institutional Trustee shall be obligated to present any particular investment or
other opportunity to the Trust even if such opportunity is of a character that,
if presented to the Trust, could be taken by the Trust, and any Covered Person,
the Sponsor, the Delaware Trustee and the Institutional Trustee shall have the
right to take for its own account (individually or as a partner or fiduciary) or
to recommend to others any such particular investment or other opportunity. Any
Covered Person, the Delaware Trustee and the Institutional Trustee may engage or
be interested in any financial or other transaction with the Sponsor or any
Affiliate 



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of the Sponsor, or may act as depositary for, trustee or agent for, or act on
any committee or body of holders of, securities or other obligations of the
Sponsor or its Affiliates.

                                   ARTICLE XI

                                   ACCOUNTING

SECTION 11.1 FISCAL YEAR.

     The fiscal year ("Fiscal Year") of the Trust shall be the calendar year, or
such other year as is required by the Code.

SECTION 11.2 CERTAIN ACCOUNTING MATTERS.

     (a) At all times during the existence of the Trust, the Trust shall keep,
or cause to be kept, full books of account, records and supporting documents,
which shall reflect in reasonable detail, each transaction of the Trust. The
books of account shall be maintained on the accrual method of accounting, in
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, consistently applied.
The Trust shall use the accrual method of accounting for United States federal
income tax purposes. The books of account and the records of the Trust shall be
examined by and reported upon as of the end of each Fiscal Year of the Trust by
a firm of independent certified public accountants selected by the Regular
Trustees.

     (b) The Trust shall cause to be duly prepared and delivered to each of the
Holders of Securities, any annual United States federal income tax information
statement required by the Code, containing such information with regard to the
Securities held by each Holder as is required by the Code and the Treasury
Regulations. Notwithstanding any right under the Code to deliver any such
statement at a later date, the Trust shall endeavor to deliver all such
statements within 30 days after the end of each Fiscal Year of the Trust.

     (c) The Trust shall cause to be duly prepared and filed with the
appropriate taxing authority an annual United States federal income tax return,
on a Form 1041 or such other form required by United States federal income tax
law, and any other annual income tax returns required to be filed by the Trust
on behalf of the Trust with any state or local taxing authority.

SECTION 11.3 BANKING.

     The Trust shall maintain one or more bank accounts in the name and for the
sole benefit of the Trust; provided however, that all payments of funds in
respect of the Debentures held by the Institutional Trustee shall be made
directly to the Institutional Trustee Account and no other funds of the Trust
shall be deposited in the Institutional Trustee Account. The sole signatories
for such accounts shall be designated by the Regular Trustees; provided,
however, that the Institutional Trustee shall designate the signatories for the
Institutional Trustee Account.

SECTION 11.4 WITHHOLDING.

     The Trust shall comply with all withholding requirements under United
States federal, state and local law. The Trust shall request, and the Holders
shall provide to the Trust, such forms or certificates 



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as are necessary to establish an exemption from withholding with respect to each
Holder, and any representations and forms as shall reasonably be requested by
the Trust to assist it in determining the extent of, and in fulfilling, its
withholding obligations. The Trust shall file required forms with applicable
jurisdictions and, unless an exemption from withholding is properly established
by a Holder, shall remit amounts withheld with respect to the Holder to
applicable jurisdictions. To the extent that the Trust is required to withhold
and pay over any amounts to any authority with respect to distributions or
allocations to any Holder, the amount withheld shall be deemed to be a
distribution in the amount of the withholding to the Holder. In the event of any
claimed over withholding, Holders shall be limited to an action against the
applicable jurisdiction. If the amount required to be withheld was not withheld
from actual Distributions made, the Trust may reduce subsequent Distributions by
the amount of such withholding.

                                   ARTICLE XII

                             AMENDMENTS AND MEETINGS

SECTION 12.1 AMENDMENTS.

     (a) Except as otherwise provided in this Declaration or by any applicable
terms of the Securities, this Declaration may only be amended by a written
instrument approved and executed by the Regular Trustees (or, if there are more
than two Regular Trustees, a majority of the Regular Trustees); and

               (i) if the amendment affects the rights, powers, duties,
     obligations or immunities of the Institutional Trustee, also by the
     Institutional Trustee; and

               (ii) if the amendment affects the rights, powers, duties,
     obligations or immunities of the Delaware Trustee, also by the Delaware
     Trustee;

     (b) no amendment shall be made:

               (i) unless, in the case of any proposed amendment, the
     Institutional Trustee shall have first received an Officer's Certificate
     from each of the Trust and the Sponsor that such amendment is permitted by,
     and conforms to, the terms of this Declaration (including the terms of the
     Securities);

               (ii) unless, in the case of any proposed amendment which affects
     the rights, powers, duties, obligations or immunities of the Institutional
     Trustee, the Institutional Trustee shall have first received:

                          (A) an Officer's Certificate from each of the Trust
          and the Sponsor that such amendment is permitted by, and conforms to,
          the terms of this Declaration (including the terms of the Securities);
          and

                          (B) an opinion of counsel (who may be counsel to the
          Sponsor or the Trust) that such amendment is permitted by, and
          conforms to, the terms of this Declaration (including the terms of the
          Securities); and

               (iii) to the extent the result of such amendment would be to:



                                       41
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                          (A) cause the Trust to fail to continue to be
          classified for purposes of United States federal income taxation as a
          grantor trust;

                          (B) reduce or otherwise adversely affect the powers of
          the Institutional Trustee in contravention of the Trust Indenture Act;
          or

                          (C) cause the Trust to be deemed to be an Investment
          Company required to be registered under the Investment Company Act;

     (c) at such time after the Trust has issued any Securities that remain
outstanding, any amendment that would materially and adversely affect the
rights, privileges or preferences of any Holder of Securities may be effected
only with such additional requirements as may be set forth in the terms of such
Securities;

     (d) Section 9.1(c) and this Section 12.1 shall not be amended without the
consent of all of the Holders of the Securities;

     (e) Article IV shall not be amended without the consent of the Holders of a
Majority in liquidation amount of the Common Securities;

     (f) the rights of the holders of the Common Securities under Article V to
increase or decrease the number of, and appoint and remove Trustees shall not be
amended without the consent of the Holders of a Majority in liquidation amount
of the Common Securities; and

     (g) notwithstanding Section 12.1(c), this Declaration may be amended
without the consent of the Holders of the Securities to:

               (i)   cure any ambiguity;

               (ii) correct or supplement any provision in this Declaration that
     may be defective or inconsistent with any other provision of this
     Declaration;

               (iii) add to the covenants, restrictions or obligations of the
     Sponsor;

               (iv) to conform to any change in Rule 3a-5 or written change in
     interpretation or application of Rule 3a-5 by any legislative body, court,
     government agency or regulatory authority which amendment does not have a
     material adverse effect on the right, preferences or privileges of the
     Holders;

               (v) to modify, eliminate and add to any provision of the
     Declaration to such extent as may be necessary; and

               (vi) cause the Trust to continue to be classified for United
     States federal income tax purposes as a grantor trust.



                                       42
   47

SECTION 12.2 MEETINGS OF THE HOLDERS OF SECURITIES; ACTION BY WRITTEN CONSENT.

     (a) Meetings of the Holders of any class of Securities may be called at any
time by the Regular Trustees (or as provided in the terms of the Securities) to
consider and act on any matter on which Holders of such class of Securities are
entitled to act under the terms of this Declaration, the terms of the Securities
or the rules of any stock exchange on which the Preferred Securities are listed
or admitted for trading. The Regular Trustees shall call a meeting of the
Holders of such class if directed to do so by the Holders of at least 10% in
liquidation amount of such class of Securities. Such direction shall be given by
delivering to the Regular Trustees one or more calls in a writing stating that
the signing Holders of Securities wish to call a meeting and indicating the
general or specific purpose for which the meeting is to be called. Any Holders
of Securities calling a meeting shall specify in writing the Security
Certificates held by the Holders of Securities exercising the right to call a
meeting and only those Securities specified shall be counted for purposes of
determining whether the required percentage set forth in the second sentence of
this paragraph has been met.

     (b) Except to the extent otherwise provided in the terms of the Securities,
the following provisions shall apply to meetings of Holders of Securities:

               (i) notice of any such meeting shall be given to all the Holders
     of Securities having a right to vote thereat at least 7 days and not more
     than 60 days before the date of such meeting. Whenever a vote, consent or
     approval of the Holders of Securities is permitted or required under this
     Declaration, the terms of the Securities or the rules of any stock exchange
     on which the Preferred Securities are listed or admitted for trading, such
     vote, consent or approval may be given at a meeting of the Holders of
     Securities. Any action that may be taken at a meeting of the Holders of
     Securities may be taken without a meeting if a consent in writing setting
     forth the action so taken is signed by the Holders of Securities owning not
     less than the minimum amount of Securities in liquidation amount that would
     be necessary to authorize or take such action at a meeting at which all
     Holders of Securities having a right to vote thereon were present and
     voting. Prompt notice of the taking of action without a meeting shall be
     given to the Holders of Securities entitled to vote who have not consented
     in writing. The Regular Trustees may specify that any written ballot
     submitted to the Security Holder for the purpose of taking any action
     without a meeting shall be returned to the Trust within the time specified
     by the Regular Trustees;

               (ii) each Holder of a Security may authorize any Person to act
     for it by proxy on all matters in which a Holder of Securities is entitled
     to participate, including waiving notice of any meeting, or voting or
     participating at a meeting. No proxy shall be valid after the expiration of
     11 months from the date thereof unless otherwise provided in the proxy.
     Every proxy shall be revocable at the pleasure of the Holder of Securities
     executing it. Except as otherwise provided herein, all matters relating to
     the giving, voting or validity of proxies shall be governed by the General
     Corporation Law of the State of Delaware relating to proxies, and judicial
     interpretations thereunder, as if the Trust were a Delaware corporation and
     the Holders of the Securities were stockholders of a Delaware corporation;

               (iii) each meeting of the Holders of the Securities shall be
     conducted by the Regular Trustees or by such other Person that the Regular
     Trustees may designate; and



                                       43
   48

               (iv) unless the Business Trust Act, this Declaration, the terms
     of the Securities, the Trust Indenture Act or the listing rules of any
     stock exchange on which the Preferred Securities are then listed or trading
     otherwise provides, the Regular Trustees, in their sole discretion, shall
     establish all other provisions relating to meetings of Holders of
     Securities, including notice of the time, place or purpose of any meeting
     at which any matter is to be voted on by any Holders of Securities, waiver
     of any such notice, action by consent without a meeting, the establishment
     of a record date, quorum requirements, voting in person or by proxy or any
     other matter with respect to the exercise of any such right to vote.

                                   ARTICLE XIII

          REPRESENTATIONS OF INSTITUTIONAL TRUSTEE AND DELAWARE TRUSTEE

SECTION 13.1 REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF INSTITUTIONAL TRUSTEE.

     The Trustee that acts as initial Institutional Trustee represents and
warrants to the Trust and to the Sponsor at the date of this Declaration, and
each Successor Institutional Trustee represents and warrants to the Trust and
the Sponsor at the time of the Successor Institutional Trustee's acceptance of
its appointment as Institutional Trustee, that:

     (a) the Institutional Trustee is a national banking association with trust
powers, duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of
the United States of America, with trust power and authority to execute and
deliver, and to carry out and perform its obligations under the terms of, the
Declaration;

     (b) the Institutional Trustee satisfies the requirements set forth in
Section 5.3(a);

     (c) the execution, delivery and performance by the Institutional Trustee of
the Declaration has been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action on
the part of the Institutional Trustee. The Declaration has been duly executed
and delivered by the Institutional Trustee, and it constitutes a legal, valid
and binding obligation of the Institutional Trustee, enforceable against it in
accordance with its terms, subject to applicable bankruptcy, reorganization,
moratorium, insolvency, and other similar laws affecting creditors' rights
generally and to general principles of equity and the discretion of the court
(regardless of whether the enforcement of such remedies is considered in a
proceeding in equity or at law);

     (d) the execution, delivery and performance of the Declaration by the
Institutional Trustee does not conflict with or constitute a breach of the
Articles of Organization or By-laws of the Institutional Trustee; and

     (e) no consent, approval or authorization of, or registration with or
notice to, any State or Federal banking authority is required for the execution,
delivery or performance by the Institutional Trustee, of the Declaration.

SECTION 13.2 REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF DELAWARE TRUSTEE.

     The Trustee that acts as initial Delaware Trustee represents and warrants
to the Trust and to the Sponsor at the date of this Declaration, and each
Successor Delaware Trustee represents and warrants 



                                       44
   49

to the Trust and the Sponsor at the time of the Successor Delaware Trustee's
acceptance of its appointment as Delaware Trustee, that:

     (a) The Delaware Trustee is a Delaware corporation, duly organized, validly
existing and in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware, with
power and authority to execute and deliver, and to carry out and perform its
obligations under the terms of, the Declaration;

     (b) the execution, delivery and performance by the Delaware Trustee of the
Declaration has been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action on the
part of the Delaware Trustee. The Declaration has been duly executed and
delivered by the Delaware Trustee, and it constitutes a legal, valid and binding
obligation of the Delaware Trustee, enforceable against it in accordance with
its terms, subject to applicable bankruptcy, reorganization, moratorium,
insolvency, and other similar laws affecting creditors' rights generally and to
general principles of equity and the discretion of the court (regardless of
whether the enforcement of such remedies is considered in a proceeding in equity
or at law);

     (c) No consent, approval or authorization of, or registration with or
notice to, any State or Federal banking authority is required for the execution,
delivery or performance by the Delaware Trustee of the Declaration; and

     (d) the execution, delivery and performance of the Declaration by the
Delaware Trustee does not conflict with or constitute a breach of the Articles
of Organization or By-laws of the Delaware Trustee; and

     (e) The Delaware Trustee is a natural person who is a resident of the State
of Delaware or, if not a natural person, an entity which has its principal place
of business in the State of Delaware.

                                   ARTICLE XIV

                                  MISCELLANEOUS

SECTION 14.1 NOTICES.

     All notices provided for in this Declaration shall be in writing, duly
signed by the party giving such notice, and shall be delivered, telecopied or
mailed by registered or certified mail, as follows:

     (a) if given to the Trust, in care of the Regular Trustees at the Trust's
mailing address set forth below (or such other address as the Trust may give
notice of to the Holders of the Securities):

          Kennametal Financing I
          Corporate Headquarters
          State Route 981 South
          Latrobe, Pennsylvania 15650-0231
          Attn:  Corporate Secretary

     (b) if given to the Delaware Trustee, at the mailing address set forth
below (or such other address as Delaware Trustee may give notice of to the
Holders of the Securities):



                                       45
   50

          First Chicago Delaware Inc.
          300 King Street
          Wilmington, DE 19801
          Attn: Michael J. Majchrzak

     (c) if given to the Institutional Trustee, at its Corporate Trust Office to
the attention of Corporate Trust Administration (or such other address as the
Institutional Trustee may give notice of to the Holders of the Securities):

          The First National Bank of Chicago
          One First National Plaza, Suite 0126
          Chicago, IL 60670-0286
          Attn: Global Corporate Trust Service

     (d) if given to the Holder of the Common Securities, at the mailing address
of the Sponsor set forth below (or such other address as the Holder of the
Common Securities may give notice to the Trust):

          Kennametal Inc.
          Corporate Headquarters
          State Route 981 South
          P.O. Box 231
          Latrobe, Pennsylvania 15650-0231
          Attn:  Corporate Secretary

     (e) if given to any other Holder, at the address set forth on the books and
records of the Trust.

     All such notices shall be deemed to have been given when received in
person, telecopied with receipt confirmed, or mailed by first class mail,
postage prepaid except that if a notice or other document is refused delivery or
cannot be delivered because of a changed address of which no notice was given,
such notice or other document shall be deemed to have been delivered on the date
of such refusal or inability to deliver.

SECTION 14.2 GOVERNING LAW.

     This Declaration and the rights of the parties hereunder shall be governed
by and interpreted in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware and all
rights and remedies shall be governed by such laws without regard to principles
of conflict of laws.

SECTION 14.3 INTENTION OF THE PARTIES.

     It is the intention of the parties hereto that the Trust be classified for
United States federal income tax purposes as a grantor trust. The provisions of
this Declaration shall be interpreted to further this intention of the parties.



                                       46
   51

SECTION 14.4 HEADINGS.

     Headings contained in this Declaration are inserted for convenience of
reference only and do not affect the interpretation of this Declaration or any
provision hereof.

SECTION 14.5 SUCCESSORS AND ASSIGNS.

     Whenever in this Declaration any of the parties hereto is named or referred
to, the successors and assigns of such party shall be deemed to be included, and
all covenants and agreements in this Declaration by the Sponsor and the Trustees
shall bind and inure to the benefit of their respective successors and assigns,
whether so expressed.

SECTION 14.6 PARTIAL ENFORCEABILITY.

     If any provision of this Declaration, or the application of such provision
to any Person or circumstance, shall be held invalid, the remainder of this
Declaration, or the application of such provision to persons or circumstances
other than those to which it is held invalid, shall not be affected thereby.

SECTION 14.7 COUNTERPARTS.

     This Declaration may contain more than one counterpart of the signature
page and this Declaration may be executed by the affixing of the signature of
each of the Trustees to one of such counterpart signature pages. All of such
counterpart signature pages shall be read as though one, and they shall have the
same force and effect as though all of the signers had signed a single signature
page.



                                       47
   52


     IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned has caused these presents to be
executed as of the day and year first above written.


                                             __________________________________
                                                        , as Regular Trustee


                                             __________________________________
                                                        , as Regular Trustee


                                             __________________________________
                                                        , as Regular Trustee


                              FIRST CHICAGO DELAWARE INC.,
                              as Delaware Trustee


                              By _________________________________
                              Name _______________________________
                              Title ______________________________


                              THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF CHICAGO,
                              as Institutional Trustee


                              By _________________________________
                              Name _______________________________
                              Title ______________________________


                              KENNAMETAL INC.,
                              as Sponsor


                              By _________________________________
                              Name _______________________________
                              Title ______________________________

   53


                            ANNEX I

                    TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF
          ____% TRUST ORIGINATED PREFERRED SECURITIES
           ____% TRUST ORIGINATED COMMON SECURITIES

     Pursuant to Section 7.1 of the Amended and Restated Agreement of Trust,
dated as of January __, 1998 (as amended from time to time, the "Declaration"),
the designation, rights, privileges, restrictions, preferences and other terms
and provisions of the Preferred Securities and the Common Securities are set out
below (each capitalized term used but not defined herein has the meaning set
forth in the Declaration or, if not defined in the Declaration, as defined in
the Prospectus referred to below):

     1.   Designation and Number.

          (a) Preferred Securities. 4,500,000 Preferred Securities of the Trust,
with an aggregate liquidation amount with respect to the assets of the Trust of
Two Hundred Twenty-Five Million Dollars ($225,000,000) and a liquidation amount
with respect to the assets of the Trust of $50 per preferred security, are
hereby designated for the purposes of identification only as "____% Trust
Originated Preferred Securities" (the "Preferred Securities"). The Preferred
Security Certificates evidencing the Preferred Securities shall be substantially
in the form of Exhibit A-1 to the Declaration, with such changes and additions
thereto or deletions therefrom as may be required by applicable law or the rules
of any stock exchange on which the Preferred Securities are listed or to conform
to ordinary usage, custom or practice.

          (b) Common Securities. Common Securities of the Trust, with an
aggregate liquidation amount with respect to the assets of the Trust of Seven
Million Dollars ($7,000,000) and a liquidation amount with respect to the assets
of the Trust of $50 per common security, are hereby designated for the purposes
of identification only as "____% Trust Originated Common Securities" (the
"Common Securities"). The Common Security Certificates evidencing the Common
Securities shall be substantially in the form of Exhibit A-2 to the Declaration,
with such changes and additions thereto or deletions therefrom as may be
required by applicable law or to conform to ordinary usage, custom or practice.

     2.   Distributions.

          (a) Distributions payable on each Security will be fixed initially at
a rate per annum of ____% (the "Coupon Rate") of the stated liquidation amount
of $50 per Security until February 15, 2001, and at the Reset Rate thereafter,
such rates being the rates of interest payable on the Debentures to be held by
the Institutional Trustee. Distributions in arrears for more than one quarter
will bear interest thereon compounded quarterly at the rate of ____% until
February 15, 2001, and at the Reset Rate thereafter (to the extent permitted by
applicable law). The term "Distributions" as used herein includes such cash
distributions and any such interest payable unless otherwise stated. A
Distribution is payable only to the extent that payments are made in respect of
the Debentures held by the Institutional Trustee and to the extent the
Institutional Trustee has funds available therefor. The amount of Distributions
payable for any period will be computed for any full quarterly Distribution
period on the basis of a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months, and
for any period shorter than a full quarterly Distribution period for which
Distributions are computed, Distributions will be computed on the basis of the
actual number of days elapsed per 30-day month.




                                      I-1
   54

          (b) Distributions on the Securities will be cumulative, will accrue
from January __, 1998, and will be payable quarterly in arrears, on February 16,
May 16, August 16 and November 16 of each year, commencing on February 16, 1998,
except as otherwise described below. The Debenture Issuer has the right under
the Indenture to defer payments of interest by extending the interest payment
period from time to time on the Debentures for a period not extending, in the
aggregate, beyond the maturity date of the Debentures (each an "Extension
Period"). During such Extension Period no interest shall be due and payable on
the Debentures. As a consequence of such deferral, Distributions will also be
deferred. Despite such deferral, quarterly Distributions will continue to accrue
with interest thereon at the rate of ____% until February 15, 2001, and at the
Reset Rate thereafter, compounded quarterly during any such Extension Period (to
the extent permitted by applicable law). Payments of accrued Distributions will
be payable to Holders as they appear on the books and records of the Trust on
the first record date after the end of the Extension Period. Upon the
termination of any Extension Period and the payment of all amounts then due, the
Debenture Issuer may commence a new Extension Period; provided that such
Extension Period together with all such previous and further extensions thereof
may not exceed beyond the maturity date of the Debentures.

          (c) Distributions on the Securities will be payable to the Holders
thereof as they appear on the books and records of the Trust at the close of
business on the Business Day immediately preceding each of the relevant payment
dates on the Securities. Subject to any applicable laws and regulations and the
provisions of the Declaration, each such payment in respect of the Preferred
Securities will be made as described under the heading "Description of the Trust
Preferred Securities -- Book Entry Only Issuance -The Depository Trust Company"
in the Prospectus Supplement dated January __, 1998 to the Prospectus dated
January __, 1998 (collectively, the "Prospectus") of the Trust relating to the
Registration Statement on Form S-3 (file no. 333-40809) of the Sponsor and the
Trust. The relevant record dates for the Common Securities shall be the same
record date as for the Preferred Securities. If the Preferred Securities shall
not continue to remain in book-entry only form or are not in book-entry only
form at issuance, the relevant record dates for the Preferred Securities, shall
conform to the rules of any securities exchange on which the securities are
listed and, if none, as shall be selected by the Regular Trustees, which dates
shall be at least more than one, but less than 60 Business Days before the
relevant payment dates, which payment dates correspond to the interest payment
dates on the Debentures. Distributions payable on any Securities that are not
punctually paid on any Distribution payment date, as a result of the Debenture
Issuer having failed to make a payment under the Debentures, will cease to be
payable to the Person in whose name such Securities are registered on the
relevant record date, and such defaulted Distribution will instead be payable to
the Person in whose name such Securities are registered on the special record
date or other specified date determined in accordance with the Indenture. If any
date on which Distributions are payable on the Securities is not a Business Day,
then payment of the Distribution payable on such date will be made on the next
succeeding day that is a Business Day (and without any interest or other payment
in respect of any such delay) except that, if such Business Day is in the next
succeeding calendar year, such payment shall be made on the immediately
preceding Business Day, in each case with the same force and effect as if made
on such date. So long as the Holder of any Preferred Securities is the
Collateral Agent, the payment of Distributions on such Preferred Securities held
by the Collateral Agent will be made at such place and to such account as may be
designated by the Collateral Agent.

          (d) The Coupon Rate on the Securities (as well as the interest rate on
the Debentures) will be reset on the third Business Day immediately preceding
the Purchase Contract Settlement Date to the Reset Rate (which reset Rate will
be in effect on and after the Purchase Contract Settlement Date). On 



                                      I-2
   55

the Reset Announcement Date, the Reset Spread and the Two-Year Benchmark
Treasury to be used to determine the Reset Rate will be announced by the
Sponsor. On the Business Day immediately following the Reset Announcement Date,
the Holders of Securities will be notified of such Reset Spread and Two- Year
Benchmark Treasury by the Sponsor. Such notice shall be sufficiently given to
Holders of Securities if published in an Authorized Newspaper.

          (e) Not later than 7 calendar days nor more than 15 calendar days
prior to the Reset Announcement Date, the Sponsor will notify DTC (as defined
herein) or its nominee (or any successor Clearing Agency or its nominee) by
first-class mail, postage prepaid, to notify the Preferred Security Beneficial
Owner or Clearing Agency Participants holding Preferred Securities, Income
PRIDES or Growth PRIDES, of such Reset Announcement Date and the procedures to
be followed by such Holders of Income PRIDES who intend to settle their
obligation under the Purchase Contract with separate cash.

          (f) In the event that there is any money or other property held by or
for the Trust that is not accounted for hereunder, such property shall be
distributed Pro Rata (as defined herein) among the Holders of the Securities.

     3. Liquidation Distribution Upon Dissolution.

     In the event of any voluntary or involuntary dissolution of the Trust
(unless a Tax Event Redemption has occurred), the Holders of the Securities on
the date of the dissolution will be entitled to receive out of the assets of the
Trust, after satisfaction of liabilities to creditors, Debentures in an
aggregate principal amount equal to the aggregate stated liquidation amount of
such Securities, with an interest rate equal to the rate of ____%, if on or
prior to February 15, 2001, and the Reset Rate thereafter, and bearing accrued
and unpaid interest in an amount equal to the accrued and unpaid Distributions
on such Securities and which shall be distributed on a Pro Rata basis to the
Holders of the Securities in exchange for such Securities (such amount being
"Liquidation Distribution").

     If, upon any such dissolution, the Liquidation Distribution can be paid
only in part because the Trust has insufficient assets available to pay in full
the aggregate Liquidation Distribution, then the amounts payable directly by the
Trust on the Securities shall be paid on a Pro Rata basis.

     4. Redemption and Distribution.

          (a) Upon the redemption of the Debentures in whole (but not in part),
at maturity, the proceeds from such redemption shall, after satisfaction of
liabilities to creditors, be simultaneously applied to redeem Securities having
an aggregate liquidation amount equal to the aggregate principal amount of the
Debentures so redeemed at a redemption price of $50 per Security plus an amount
equal to accrued and unpaid Distributions thereon at the date of the repayment,
payable in cash.

          (b) If an Investment Company Event (as defined herein) shall occur and
be continuing the Regular Trustees shall dissolve the Trust and, after
satisfaction of liabilities to creditors, cause Debentures held by the
Institutional Trustee, having an aggregate principal amount equal to the
aggregate stated liquidation amount of, with an interest rate the rate of ____%,
if on or prior to February 15, 2001, and the Reset Rate thereafter, and accrued
and unpaid interest equal to accrued and unpaid Distributions on, and having the
same record date for payment as the Securities, to be distributed to the Holders
of the Securities in liquidation of such Holders' interests in the Trust on a
Pro Rata basis, within 90 days following the occurrence of such Investment
Company Event (the "90 Day Period"); provided, 



                                      I-3
   56

however, that, if at the time there is available to the Trust the opportunity to
eliminate, within the 90 Day Period, the Investment Company Event by taking some
ministerial action, such as filing a form or making an election, or pursuing
some other similar reasonable measure that will have no adverse effect on the
Trust, the Debenture Issuer, the Sponsor or the Holders of the Securities and
will involve no material cost ("Ministerial Action"), the Regular Trustees will
pursue such Ministerial Action in lieu of dissolution.

     "Investment Company Event" means that the Regular Trustees shall have
received an opinion of independent counsel experienced in practice under the
Investment Company Act (an "Investment Company Event Opinion") to the effect
that, as a result of the occurrence of a change in law or regulation or a
written change in interpretation or application of law or regulation by any
legislative body, court, governmental agency or regulatory authority (a "Change
in 1940 Act Law"), which Change in 1940 Act Law becomes effective on or after
the date of the Prospectus, there is a more than an insubstantial risk that the
Trust is or will be considered an Investment Company which is required to be
registered under the Investment Company Act.

          (c) If a Tax Event shall occur and be continuing, the Debentures are
redeemable at the option of the Debenture Issuer, in whole but not in part, on
not less than 30 days nor more than 60 days notice ("Tax Event Redemption"). If
the Debenture Issuer redeems the Debentures upon the occurrence and continuance
of a Tax Event, the proceeds from such redemption shall simultaneously be
applied by the Institutional Trustee to redeem the Securities having an
aggregate stated liquidation amount equal to the aggregate principal amount of
the Debentures so redeemed at a redemption price (the "Redemption Price"), per
Security, equal to the Redemption Amount plus any accumulated and unpaid
distributions thereon to the date of such redemption. If, following the
occurrence of a Tax Event, the Debenture Issuer exercises its option to redeem
the Debentures, the Debenture Issuer shall appoint the Quotation Agent to
assemble the Treasury Portfolio in consultation with the Company. The
Institutional Trustee will distribute, to the record Holder of the Securities
the Redemption Price payable in liquidation of such Holder's interests in the
Trust.

     "Tax Event" means the receipt by the Regular Trustees of an opinion of a
nationally recognized independent tax counsel experienced in such matters to the
effect that, as a result of (a) any amendment to, or change (including any
announced prospective change) in, the laws (or any regulations thereunder) of
the United States or any political subdivision or taxing authority thereof or
therein affecting taxation, (b) any amendment to or change in an interpretation
or application of such laws or regulations by any legislative body, court,
governmental agency or regulatory authority or (c) any interpretation or
pronouncement that provides for a position with respect to such laws or
regulations that differs from the generally accepted position on the date the
Securities are issued, which amendment or change is effective or which
interpretation or pronouncement is announced on or after the date of issuance of
the Securities under the Declaration, there is more than an insubstantial risk
that (i) interest payable by the Debenture Issuer on the Debentures would not be
deductible, in whole or in part, by the Debenture Issuer for federal income tax
purposes or (ii) the Trust would be subject to more than a de minimis amount of
other taxes, duties or other governmental charges.

     "Treasury Portfolio" means, with respect to the Applicable Principal Amount
of Debentures (a) if the Tax Event Redemption Date occurs prior to February 16,
2001, a portfolio of zero-coupon U.S. Treasury Securities consisting of (i)
principal or interest strips of U.S. Treasury Securities which mature on or
prior to February 15, 2001 in an aggregate amount equal to the Applicable
Principal Amount and (ii) with respect to each scheduled interest payment date
on the Debentures that occurs after the Tax Event 



                                      I-4
   57

Redemption Date, principal or interest strips of U.S. Treasury Securities which
mature on or prior to such date in an aggregate amount equal to the aggregate
interest payment that would be due on the Applicable Principal Amount of the
Debentures on such date, and (b) if the Tax Event Redemption Date occurs after
February 16, 2001, a portfolio of zero-coupon U.S. Treasury Securities
consisting of (i) principal or interest strips of U.S. Treasury Securities
which mature on or prior to February 15, 2003 in an aggregate amount equal to
the Applicable Principal Amount and (ii) with respect to each scheduled interest
payment date on the Debentures that occurs after the Tax Event Redemption Date,
principal or interest strips of such U.S. Treasury Securities which mature on or
prior to such date in an aggregate amount equal to the aggregate interest
payment that would be due on the Applicable Principal Amount of the Debentures
on such date.

     "Applicable Ownership Interest" means, with respect to an Income PRIDES and
the U.S. Treasury Securities in the Treasury Portfolio, (A) a 1/20, or 5%,
undivided beneficial ownership interest in a $1,000 principal or interest amount
of a principal or interest strip in a U.S. Treasury Security included in such
Treasury Portfolio which matures on or prior to February 15, 2001 and (B) for
each scheduled interest payment date on the Debentures that occurs after the Tax
Event Redemption Date, a _________% undivided beneficial ownership interest in a
$1,000 face amount of such U.S. Treasury Security which is a principal or
interest strip maturing on such date.

     "Applicable Principal Amount" means either (i) if the Tax Event Redemption
Date occurs prior to February 16, 2001, the aggregate principal amount of the
Debentures corresponding to the aggregate stated liquidation amount of the
Preferred Securities which are components of Income PRIDES on the Tax Event
Redemption Date or (ii) if the Tax Event Redemption occurs on or after February
16, 2001, the aggregate principal amount of the Debentures corresponding to the
aggregate stated liquidation amount of the Preferred Securities outstanding on
such Tax Event Redemption Date.

     "Redemption Amount" means for each Debenture, the product of (i) the
principal amount of such Debenture and (ii) a fraction whose numerator is the
Treasury Portfolio Purchase Price and whose denominator is the Applicable
Principal Amount.

     "Treasury Portfolio Purchase Price" means the lowest aggregate price quoted
by a primary U.S. government securities dealer in New York City (a "Primary
Treasury Dealer") to the Quotation Agent on the third Business Day immediately
preceding the Tax Event Redemption Date for the purchase of the Treasury
Portfolio for settlement on the Tax Event Redemption Date.

     "Quotation Agent" means (i) Merrill Lynch Government Securities, Inc. and
its respective successors, provided, however, that if the foregoing shall cease
to be a Primary Treasury Dealer, the Sponsor shall substitute therefor another
Primary Treasury Dealer and (ii) any other Primary Treasury Dealer selected by
the Sponsor.

     On and from the date fixed by the Regular Trustees for a Tax Event
Redemption or any distribution of Debentures and dissolution of the Trust: (i)
the Securities will no longer be deemed to be outstanding, (ii) The Depository
Trust Company ("DTC") or its nominee (or any successor Clearing Agency or its
nominee) or the record Holder of the Preferred Securities, will receive a
registered global certificate or certificates representing the Debentures to be
delivered upon such distribution and any certificates representing Securities,
except for certificates representing Preferred Securities held by DTC or its
nominee (or any successor Clearing Agency or its nominee), will be deemed to
represent beneficial interests in the Debentures having an aggregate principal
amount equal to the aggregate stated liquidation amount of $50, 



                                      I-5
   58

with an interest rate of ____% if on or prior to February 15, 2001, and at the
Reset Rate thereafter, and accrued and unpaid interest equal to accrued and
unpaid Distributions on such Securities until such certificates are presented to
the Debenture Issuer or its agent for transfer or reissue.

     5. Redemption or Distribution Procedures.

          (a) Notice of any redemption (other then in connection with the
maturity of the Debentures) of, or notice of distribution of Debentures in
exchange for, the Securities (a "Redemption/Distribution Notice") will be given
by the Trust by mail to each Holder of Securities to be redeemed or exchanged
not fewer than 30 nor more than 60 days before the date fixed for redemption or
exchange thereof which, in the case of a redemption, will be the Tax Event
Redemption Date. For purposes of the calculation of the date of redemption or
exchange and the dates on which notices are given pursuant to this Section 5(a),
a Redemption/Distribution Notice shall be deemed to be given on the day such
notice is first mailed by first-class mail, postage prepaid, to Holders of
Securities. Each Redemption/Distribution Notice shall be addressed to the
Holders of Securities at the address of each such Holder appearing in the books
and records of the Trust. No defect in the Redemption/Distribution Notice or in
the mailing of either thereof with respect to any Holder shall affect the
validity of the redemption or exchange proceedings with respect to any other
Holder.

          (b) If Securities are to be redeemed and the Trust gives a
Redemption/Distribution Notice, which notice may only be issued if the
Debentures are redeemed as set out in this Section 5 (such notice will be
irrevocable), then (A) while the Preferred Securities are in book-entry only
form, with respect to the Preferred Securities, by 12:00 noon, New York City
time, on the redemption date, provided that the Debenture Issuer has paid the
Institutional Trustee a sufficient amount of cash in connection with the related
redemption or maturity of the Debentures, the Institutional Trustee will deposit
irrevocably with DTC or its nominee (or any successor Clearing Agency or its
nominee) funds sufficient to pay the applicable Redemption Price with respect to
the Preferred Securities and will give DTC irrevocable instructions and
authority to pay the Redemption Price to the Holders of the Preferred Securities
so called for redemption, and (B) with respect to Preferred Securities issued in
definitive form and Common Securities, provided that the Debenture Issuer has
paid the Institutional Trustee a sufficient amount of cash in connection with
the related redemption or maturity of the Debentures, the Institutional Trustee
will pay the relevant Redemption Price to the Holders of such Securities by
check mailed to the address of the relevant Holder appearing on the books and
records of the Trust. Notwithstanding the foregoing, so long as the Holder of
any Preferred Securities is the Collateral Agent or the Purchase Contract Agent,
the payment of the Redemption Price in respect of such Preferred Securities held
by the Collateral Agent or the Purchase Contract Agent shall be made no later
than 12:00 noon, New York City time, on the Tax Event Redemption Date by check
or wire transfer in immediately available funds at such place and to such
account as may be designated by the Collateral Agent or the Purchase Contract
Agent. If a Redemption/Distribution Notice shall have been given and funds
deposited as required, if applicable, then immediately prior to the close of
business on the date of such deposit, or on the redemption date, as applicable,
distributions will cease to accrue on the Securities so redeemed and all rights
of Holders of such Securities so called for redemption will cease, except the
right of the Holders of such Securities to receive the Redemption Price, but
without interest on such Redemption Price. Neither the Regular Trustees nor the
Trust shall be required to register or cause to be registered the transfer of
any Securities that have been so called for redemption. If any date fixed for
redemption of Securities is not a Business Day, then payment of the Redemption
Price payable on such date will be made on the next succeeding day that is a
Business Day (without any interest or other payment in respect of any such
delay) except that, if such Business Day 



                                      I-6
   59

falls in the next calendar year, such payment will be made on the immediately
preceding Business Day, in each case with the same force and effect as if made
on such date fixed for repayment. If payment of the Redemption Price in respect
of any Securities is improperly withheld or refused and not paid either by the
Institutional Trustee or by the Sponsor as guarantor pursuant to the relevant
Securities Guarantee, Distributions on such Securities will continue to accrue
from the original redemption date to the actual date of payment, in which case
the actual payment date will be considered the date fixed for repayment for
purposes of calculating the Redemption Price.

          (c) Redemption/Distribution Notices shall be sent by the Trust to (A)
in respect of the Preferred Securities, the DTC or its nominee (or any successor
Clearing Agency or its nominee) if the Global Certificates have been issued or,
if Definitive Preferred Security Certificates have been issued, to the Holder
thereof, and (B) in respect of the Common Securities, to the Holder thereof.

          (d) Subject to the foregoing and applicable law (including, without
limitation, United States federal securities laws) the Sponsor or any of its
subsidiaries may at any time and from time to time purchase outstanding
Preferred Securities by tender, in the open market or by private agreement.

     6. Repayment at Option of Holders.

          (a) If a Failed Remarketing (as described in Section 5.4(b) of the
Purchase Contract Agreement and incorporated herein by reference) has occurred,
each holder of Securities who holds such Securities on the day immediately
following the Purchase Contract Settlement Date, shall have the right on or
after the Business Day immediately following February 16, 2001 to require the
Trust to repay all or a portion of such Securities owned by such holder (the
"Put Option") on March 2, 2001 (the "Put Option Exercise Date"), upon at least
three Business Days' prior notice, at a repayment price of $50 per Security plus
an amount equal to the accrued and unpaid Distributions (including deferred
distributions if any) thereon to the date of payment (the "Put Option Repayment
Price").

          (b) The Trust shall obtain funds to pay the Put Option Repayment Price
of Securities being repaid under the Put Option through presentation by the
Institutional Trustee, on behalf of the Trust, to the Debenture Issuer, pursuant
to the right of the holder of the Debentures to require the Debenture Issuer to
repay all or a portion of the Debentures on the Put Option Exercise Date,
Debentures in an aggregate principal amount equal to the aggregate stated
liquidation amount of such Securities for repayment on the Put Option Exercise
Date at the Debenture Repayment Price.

          (c) In order for the Securities to be repaid on the Put Option
Exercise Date, the Trust must receive on or prior to 4:00 p.m. on the third
Business Day immediately preceding the Put Option Exercise Date, at the
Corporate Trust Office of the Institutional Trustee, the Securities to be repaid
with the form entitled "Option to Elect Repayment" on the reverse thereof or
otherwise accompanying such Security duly completed. Any such notice received by
the Trust shall be irrevocable. All questions as to the validity, eligibility
(including time of receipt) and acceptance of the Securities for repayment shall
be determined by the Trust, whose determination shall be final and binding.

          (d) Payment of the Put Option Repayment Price to Holders of Securities
shall be made at the Corporate Trust Office of the Institutional Trustee,
provided that the Debenture Issuer has paid the Institutional Trustee a
sufficient amount of cash in connection with the related repayment of the
Debenture no later than 1:00 p.m., New York City time, on the Put Option
Exercise Date by check or wire transfer in immediately available funds at such
place and to such account as may be designated by such 



                                      I-7
   60

Holders. If the Institutional Trustee holds immediately available funds
sufficient to pay the Put Option Repayment Price of such Securities, then,
immediately prior to the close of business on the Put Option Exercise Date, such
Securities will cease to be outstanding and distributions thereon will cease to
accrue, whether or not Securities are delivered to the Institutional Trustee,
and all other rights of the Holder in respect of the Securities, including the
Holder's right to require the Trust to repay such Securities, shall terminate
and lapse (other than the right to receive the Put Option Repayment Price but
without interest on such Put Option Repayment Price). Neither the Regular
Trustees nor the Trust shall be required to register or cause to be registered
the transfer of any Securities for which repayment has been elected. If payment
of the Put Option Repayment Price in respect of Securities is (i) improperly
withheld or refused and not paid either by the Institutional Trustee or by the
Sponsor as guarantor pursuant to the Securities Guarantee, or (ii) not paid by
the Institutional Trustee as the result of an Event of Default with respect to
the Debentures presented for repayment as described in paragraph 6(b),
Distributions on such Securities will continue to accrue, from the original Put
Option Exercise Date to the actual date of payment, in which case the actual
payment date will be considered the Put Option Exercise Date for purposes of
calculating the Put Option Repayment Price.

          (e) The Debenture Issuer will request, not later than seven nor more
than 15 calendar days prior to February 13, 2001 (the date on which some or all
of the Preferred Securities could be remarketed in the manner described in
Section 5.4(b) of the Purchase Contract Agreement and incorporated herein by
reference) that DTC notify the Preferred Securities Holders as well as the
Income PRIDES and Growth PRIDES holders of such remarketing and of the
procedures that must be followed if a Holder of Preferred Securities wishes to
exercise such Holder's rights with respect to the Put Option.

     7. Voting Rights - Preferred Securities.

          (a) Except as provided under Sections 7(b) and 9 and as otherwise
required by law and the Declaration, the Holders of the Preferred Securities
will have no voting rights.

          (b) Subject to the requirements set forth in this paragraph, the
Holders of a Majority in liquidation amount of the Preferred Securities, voting
separately as a class may direct the time, method, and place of conducting any
proceeding for any remedy available to the Institutional Trustee, or the
exercise of any trust or power conferred upon the Institutional Trustee under
the Declaration, including (i) directing the time, method and place of
conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Debenture Trustee, or
exercising any trust or power conferred on the Debenture Trustee with respect to
the Debentures, (ii) waiving any past default and its consequences that is
waivable under the Indenture, (iii) exercising any right to rescind or annul a
declaration that the principal of all the Debentures shall be due and payable,
or (iv) consenting to any amendment, modification or termination of the
Indenture or the Debentures where such consent shall be required, provided,
however, that, where a consent under the Indenture would require the consent or
act of the Holders of greater than a majority of the Holders in principal amount
of Debentures affected thereby (a "Super Majority"), the Institutional Trustee
may only give such consent or take such action at the written direction of the
Holders of at least the proportion in liquidation amount of the Preferred
Securities which the relevant Super Majority represents of the aggregate
principal amount of the Debentures outstanding. The Institutional Trustee shall
not revoke any action previously authorized or approved by a vote of the Holders
of the Preferred Securities. Other than with respect to directing the time,
method and place of conducting any remedy available to the Institutional Trustee
or the Debenture Trustee as set forth above, the Institutional Trustee shall not
take any action in accordance with the directions of the Holders of the
Preferred Securities under this paragraph unless the 



                                      I-8
   61

Institutional Trustee has obtained an opinion of tax counsel to the effect that
for the purposes of United States federal income tax the Trust will not be
classified as other than a grantor trust on account of such action. If the
Institutional Trustee fails to enforce its rights under the Debentures after a
Holder of Preferred Securities has made a written request, such Holder of
Preferred Securities may, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law,
institute a legal proceeding directly against the Debenture Issuer to enforce
the Institutional Trustee's rights under the Debentures without first
instituting a legal proceeding against the Institutional Trustee or any other
Person. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if an Event of Default has occurred and
is continuing and such event is attributable to the failure of the Debenture
Issuer to pay interest or principal on the Debentures on the date such interest
or principal is otherwise payable (or in the case of redemption, on the
redemption date), then a Holder of Preferred Securities may directly institute a
proceeding for enforcement of payment to such Holder of the principal of or
interest on the Debentures having a principal amount equal to the aggregate
liquidation amount of the Preferred Securities of such Holder on or after the
respective due date specified in the Debentures. Except as provided in the
preceding sentence, the Holders of Preferred Securities shall not exercise
directly any other remedy available to the holders of the Debentures.

     Any approval or direction of Holders of Preferred Securities may be given
at a separate meeting of Holders of Preferred Securities convened for such
purpose, at a meeting of all of the Holders of Securities in the Trust or
pursuant to written consent. The Regular Trustees will cause a notice of any
meeting at which Holders of Preferred Securities are entitled to vote, or of any
matter upon which action by written consent of such Holders is to be taken, to
be mailed to each Holder of record of Preferred Securities. Each such notice
will include a statement setting forth (i) the date of such meeting or the date
by which such action is to be taken, (ii) a description of any resolution
proposed for adoption at such meeting on which such Holders are entitled to vote
or of such matter upon which written consent is sought and (iii) instructions
for the delivery of proxies or consents.

     No vote or consent of the Holders of the Preferred Securities will be
required for the Trust to repay and cancel Preferred Securities or to distribute
the Debentures in accordance with the Declaration and the terms of the
Securities. Notwithstanding that Holders of Preferred Securities are entitled to
vote or consent under any of the circumstances described above, any of the
Preferred Securities that are owned by the Sponsor or any Affiliate of the
Sponsor shall not be entitled to vote or consent and shall, for purposes of such
vote or consent, be treated as if they were not outstanding.

     8. Voting Rights - Common Securities.

          (a) Except as provided under Sections 7(b) and (c) and Section 9 and
as otherwise required by law and the Declaration, the Holders of the Common
Securities will have no voting rights.

          (b) The Holders of the Common Securities are entitled, in accordance
with Article V of the Declaration, to vote to appoint, remove or replace any
Trustee or to increase or decrease the number of Trustees.

          (c) Subject to Section 2.6 of the Declaration and only after any Event
of Default with respect to the Preferred Securities has been cured, waived, or
otherwise eliminated and subject to the requirements of the second to last
sentence of this paragraph, the Holders of a Majority in liquidation amount of
the Common Securities, voting separately as a class, may direct the time,
method, and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the
Institutional Trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred upon the
Institutional Trustee under the Declaration, including (i) directing the time,




                                      I-9
   62

method, and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the
Debenture Trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred on the Debenture
Trustee with respect to the Debentures, (ii) waive any past default and its
consequences that is waivable under the Indenture, or (iii) exercise any right
to rescind or annul a declaration that the principal of all the Debentures shall
be due and payable, provided that, where a consent or action under the Indenture
would require the consent or act of the Holders of a Super Majority, the
Institutional Trustee may only give such consent or take such action at the
written direction of the Holders of at least the proportion in liquidation
amount of the Common Securities which the relevant Super Majority represents of
the aggregate principal amount of the Debentures outstanding. Pursuant to this
Section 7(c), the Institutional Trustee shall not revoke any action previously
authorized or approved by a vote of the Holders of the Preferred Securities.
Other than with respect to directing the time, method and place of conducting
any remedy available to the Institutional Trustee or the Debenture Trustee as
set forth above, the Institutional Trustee shall not take any action in
accordance with the directions of the Holders of the Common Securities under
this paragraph unless the Institutional Trustee has obtained an opinion of tax
counsel to the effect that for the purposes of United States federal income tax
the Trust will not be classified as other than a grantor trust on account of
such action. If the Institutional Trustee fails to enforce its rights under the
Declaration, any Holder of Common Securities may institute a legal proceeding
directly against any Person to enforce the Institutional Trustee's rights under
the Declaration, without first instituting a legal proceeding against the
Institutional Trustee or any other Person.

     Any approval or direction of Holders of Common Securities may be given at a
separate meeting of Holders of Common Securities convened for such purpose, at a
meeting of all of the Holders of Securities in the Trust or pursuant to written
consent. The Regular Trustees will cause a notice of any meeting at which
Holders of Common Securities are entitled to vote, or of any matter upon which
action by written consent of such Holders is to be taken, to be mailed to each
Holder of record of Common Securities. Each such notice will include a statement
setting forth (i) the date of such meeting or the date by which such action is
to be taken, (ii) a description of any resolution proposed for adoption at such
meeting on which such Holders are entitled to vote or of such matter upon which
written consent is sought and (iii) instructions for the delivery of proxies or
consents.

     No vote or consent of the Holders of the Common Securities will be required
for the Trust to redeem and cancel Common Securities or to distribute the
Debentures in accordance with the Declaration and the terms of the Securities.

     9. Amendments to Declaration and Indenture.

          (a) In addition to any requirements under Section 12.1 of the
Declaration, if any proposed amendment to the Declaration provides for, or the
Regular Trustees otherwise propose to effect, (i) any action that would
materially adversely affect the powers, preferences or special rights of the
Securities, whether by way of amendment to the Declaration or otherwise, or (ii)
the dissolution of the Trust, other than as described in Section 8.1 of the
Declaration, then the Holders of outstanding Securities as a class will be
entitled to vote on such amendment or proposal (but not on any other amendment
or proposal) and such amendment or proposal shall not be effective except with
the approval of the Holders of at least a Majority in liquidation amount of the
Securities, voting together as a single class; provided, however, if any
amendment or proposal referred to in clause (i) above would adversely affect
only the Preferred Securities or only the Common Securities, then only the
affected class will be entitled to vote on such amendment or proposal and such
amendment or proposal shall not be effective except with the approval of a
Majority in liquidation amount of such class of Securities.



                                      I-10
   63

          (b) In the event the consent of the Institutional Trustee as the
holder of the Debentures is required under the Indenture with respect to any
amendment, modification or termination on the Indenture or the Debentures, the
Institutional Trustee shall request the written direction of the Holders of the
Securities with respect to such amendment, modification or termination and shall
vote with respect to such amendment, modification or termination as directed by
a Majority in liquidation amount of the Securities voting together as a single
class; provided, however, that where a consent under the Indenture would require
a Super Majority, the Institutional Trustee may only give such consent at the
direction of the Holders of at least the proportion in liquidation amount of the
Securities which the relevant Super Majority represents of the aggregate
principal amount of the Debentures outstanding; provided, further, that the
Institutional Trustee shall not take any action in accordance with the
directions of the Holders of the Securities under this Section 8(b) unless (i)
the Institutional Trustee has obtained an opinion of tax counsel to the effect
that for the purposes of United States federal income tax the Trust will not be
classified as other than a grantor trust on account of such action or (ii) such
action would not reduce or otherwise adversely affect powers of the
Institutional Trustee or cause the Trust to be deemed an "investment company"
which is required to be registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940.

     10. Pro Rata.

     A reference in these terms of the Securities to any payment, distribution
or treatment as being "Pro Rata" shall mean pro rata to each Holder of
Securities according to the aggregate liquidation amount of the Securities held
by the relevant Holder in relation to the aggregate liquidation amount of all
Securities outstanding unless, in relation to a payment, an Event of Default
under the Declaration has occurred and is continuing, in which case any funds
available to make such payment shall be paid first to each Holder of the
Preferred Securities pro rata according to the aggregate liquidation amount of
Preferred Securities held by the relevant Holder relative to the aggregate
liquidation amount of all Preferred Securities outstanding, and only after
satisfaction of all amounts owed to the Holders of the Preferred Securities, to
each Holder of Common Securities pro rata according to the aggregate liquidation
amount of Common Securities held by the relevant Holder relative to the
aggregate liquidation amount of all Common Securities outstanding.

     11. Ranking.

     The Preferred Securities rank pari passu and payment thereon shall be made
Pro Rata with the Common Securities except that, where an Event of Default
occurs and is continuing under the Indenture in respect of the Debentures held
by the Institutional Trustee, the rights of Holders of the Common Securities to
payment in respect of Distributions and payments upon liquidation, redemption
and otherwise are subordinated to the rights to payment of the Holders of the
Preferred Securities.

     12. Acceptance of Securities Guarantee and Indenture.

     Each Holder of Preferred Securities and Common Securities by the acceptance
thereof, agrees to the provisions of the Preferred Securities Guarantee and the
Common Securities Guarantee, respectively.

     13.  No Preemptive Rights.

     The Holders of the Securities shall have no preemptive rights to subscribe
for any additional securities.




                                      I-11
   64

     14.  Miscellaneous.

     These terms constitute a part of the Declaration.

     The Sponsor will provide a copy of the Declaration, the Preferred
Securities Guarantee or the Common Securities Guarantee (as may be appropriate),
and the Indenture to a Holder without charge on written request to the Sponsor
at its principal place of business. 




                                      I-12
   65


                                   EXHIBIT A-1

                     FORM OF PREFERRED SECURITY CERTIFICATE

     [IF THE PREFERRED SECURITY IS TO BE A GLOBAL CERTIFICATE INSERT - This
Preferred Security is a Global Certificate within the meaning of the Declaration
hereinafter referred to and is registered in the name of The Depository Trust
Company (the "Depositary") or a nominee of the Depositary. This Preferred
Security is exchangeable for Preferred Securities registered in the name of a
person other than the Depositary or its nominee only in the limited
circumstances described in the Declaration and no transfer of this Preferred
Security (other than a transfer of this Preferred Security as a whole by the
Depositary to a nominee of the Depositary or by a nominee of the Depositary to
the Depositary or another nominee of the Depositary) may be registered except in
limited circumstances.

     Unless this Preferred Security is presented by an authorized representative
of The Depository Trust Company (55 Water Street, New York, New York) to the
Trust or its agent for registration of transfer, exchange or payment, and any
Preferred Security issued is registered in the name of Cede & Co. or such other
name as requested by an authorized representative of The Depository Trust
Company and any payment hereon is made to Cede & Co., ANY TRANSFER, PLEDGE OR
OTHER USE HEREOF FOR VALUE OR OTHERWISE BY A PERSON IS WRONGFUL since the
registered owner hereof, Cede & Co., has an interest herein.] 

Certificate Number ___________       Number of Preferred Securities __________
                                                         CUSIP NO. ___________

                   Certificate Evidencing Preferred Securities
                                       of
                             Kennametal Financing I

                   ____% Trust Originated Preferred Securities
                 (liquidation amount $50 per Preferred Security)

     Kennametal Financing I, a statutory business trust formed under the laws of
the State of Delaware (the "Trust"), hereby certifies that __________ (the
"Holder") is the registered owner of preferred securities of the Trust
representing preferred undivided beneficial interests in the assets of the Trust
designated as the ____% Trust Originated Preferred Securities (liquidation
amount $50 per preferred security) (the "Preferred Securities"). The Preferred
Securities are transferable on the books and records of the Trust, in person or
by a duly authorized attorney, upon surrender of this certificate duly endorsed
and in proper form for transfer. The designation, rights, privileges,
restrictions, preferences and other terms and provisions of the Preferred
Securities represented hereby are issued and shall in all respects be subject to
the provisions of the Amended and Restated Agreement of Trust of the Trust dated
as of January __, 1998, as the same may be amended from time to time (the
"Declaration"), including the designation of the terms of the Preferred
Securities as set forth in Annex I to the Declaration. Capitalized terms used
herein but not defined shall have the meaning given them in the Declaration. The
Holder is entitled to the benefits of the Preferred Securities Guarantee to the
extent provided therein. The Sponsor will provide a copy of the Declaration, the
Preferred Securities Guarantee and the Indenture to a Holder without charge upon
written request to the Trust at its principal place of business. 



   66

     Upon receipt of this certificate, the Holder is bound by the Declaration
and is entitled to the benefits thereunder.

     By acceptance, the Holder agrees to treat, for United States federal income
tax purposes, the Debentures as indebtedness and the Preferred Securities as
evidence of indirect beneficial ownership in the Debentures.



                                      A1-2
   67


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Trust has executed this certificate this ______ day of
January, 1998.
                              KENNAMETAL FINANCING I



                              By: __________________________________________
                              Name: ________________________________________
                              Title:  Regular Trustee



                              By: __________________________________________
                              Name: ________________________________________
                              Title:  Regular Trustee


   68


                          [FORM OF REVERSE OF SECURITY]

     Distributions payable on each Preferred Security will be fixed at a rate
per annum of ____% (the "Coupon Rate") of the stated liquidation amount of $50
per Preferred Security, such rate being the rate of interest payable on the
Debentures to be held by the Institutional Trustee. Distributions in arrears for
more than one quarter will bear interest thereon compounded quarterly at the
rate of ____% until February 15, 2001, and at the Reset Rate thereafter (to the
extent permitted by applicable law). The term "Distributions" as used herein
includes such cash distributions and any such interest payable unless otherwise
stated. A Distribution is payable only to the extent that payments are made in
respect of the Debentures held by the Institutional Trustee and to the extent
the Institutional Trustee has funds available therefor. The amount of
Distributions payable for any period will be computed for any full quarterly
Distribution period on the basis of a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day
months, and for any period shorter than a full quarterly Distribution period for
which Distributions are computed, Distributions will be computed on the basis of
the actual number of days elapsed per 30-day month.

     Except as otherwise described below, Distributions on the Preferred
Securities will be cumulative, will accrue from the date of original issuance
and will be payable quarterly in arrears, on February 16, May 16, August 16 and
November 16 of each year, commencing on February 16, 1998, to holders of record,
if in book-entry only form, one Business Day prior to such payment date, which
payment dates shall correspond to the interest payment dates on the Debentures.
In the event that the Preferred Securities are not in book-entry form, the
Regular Trustees will have the right to select relevant record dates, which will
be more than one Business Day but less than 60 Business Days prior to the
relevant payment dates. The Debenture Issuer has the right under the Indenture
to defer payments of interest by extending the interest payment period from time
to time on the Debentures for a period not exceeding beyond the date of maturity
of the Debentures (each an "Extension Period") and, as a consequence of such
deferral, Distributions will also be deferred. Despite such deferral, quarterly
Distributions will continue to accrue with interest thereon at the rate of ____%
until February 15, 2001, and at the Reset Rate thereafter, compounded quarterly
during any such Extension Period (to the extent permitted by applicable law).
Payments of accrued Distributions will be payable to Holders as they appear on
the books and records of the Trust on the first record date after the end of the
Extension Period. Upon the termination of any Extension Period and the payment
of all amounts then due, the Debenture Issuer may commence a new Extension
Period; provided that such Extension Period together with all such previous and
further extensions thereof may not exceed beyond the maturity date of the
Debenture.

     The Preferred Securities shall be redeemable as provided in the
Declaration.


   69


                            OPTION TO ELECT REPAYMENT

     The undersigned hereby irrevocably requests and instructs the Trust to
repay $_____ stated liquidation amount of the within Preferred Security,
pursuant to its terms, on the "Put Option Exercise Date," together with
distributions thereon accrued but unpaid to the date of repayment, to the
undersigned at:

____________________________________________________________
(Please print or type Name and Address of the Undersigned)

and to issue to the undersigned, pursuant to the terms of the Declaration, a new
Preferred Security or Preferred Securities representing the remaining stated
liquidation amount of this Preferred Security.

For this Option to Elect Repayment to be effective, the within Preferred
Security with this Option to Elect Repayment duly completed must be received by
the Trust at the Corporate Trust Office of the Institutional Trustee at
______________________________, __________________________________________,
Attention: Corporate Trust Administration.

Dated:                        Signature: ____________________________________

                              Signature Guarantee: __________________________


Note: The signature to this Option to Elect Repayment must correspond with the
name as written upon the face of the within Preferred Security in every
particular without alternation or enlargement or any change whatsoever.

   70


                                ----------------
                                   ASSIGNMENT

FOR VALUE RECEIVED, the undersigned assigns and transfers this Preferred
Security Certificate to:

_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
        (Insert assignee's social security or tax identification number)


_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
                    (Insert address and zip code of assignee)

and irrevocably appoints

_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
agent to transfer this Preferred Security Certificate on the books of the Trust.
The agent may substitute another to act for him or her.

Date: ____________________________________

                                        Signature: ___________________________

                                        Signature Guarantee: _________________



            (Sign exactly as your name appears on the other side of
                      this Preferred Security Certificate)

   71


                                   EXHIBIT A-2
                       FORM OF COMMON SECURITY CERTIFICATE


          The Common Securities may only be transferred by the Debenture Issuer
and any Related Party to the Debenture Issuer or a Related Party of the
Debenture Issuer; provided that, any such transfer is subject to the condition
precedent that the transferor obtain the written opinion of nationally
recognized independent counsel experienced in such matters that such transfer
would not cause more than an insubstantial risk that:

               (i) the Trust would not be classified for United States federal
     income tax purposes as a grantor Trust; and

               (ii) the Trust would be an Investment Company or the transferee
     would become an Investment Company.

Certificate Number ___________        Number of Common Securities ____________
                    Certificate Evidencing Common Securities
                                       of
                             Kennametal Financing I

                    ____% Trust Originated Common Securities
                  (liquidation amount $50 per Common Security)

     Kennametal Financing I, a statutory business trust formed under the laws of
the State of Delaware (the "Trust"), hereby certifies that Kennametal Inc. (the
"Holder") is the registered owner of     common securities of the Trust
representing common undivided beneficial interests in the assets of the Trust
designated as the ____% Trust Originated Common Securities (liquidation amount
$50 per common security) (the "Common Securities"). The Common Securities are
transferable on the books and records of the Trust, in person or by a duly
authorized attorney, upon surrender of this certificate duly endorsed and in
proper form for transfer. The designation, rights, privileges, restrictions,
preferences and other terms and provisions of the Common Securities represented
hereby are issued and shall in all respects be subject to the provisions of the
Amended and Restated Agreement of Trust of the Trust dated as of January __,
1998, as the same may be amended from time to time (the "Declaration"),
including the designation of the terms of the Common Securities as set forth in
Annex I to the Declaration. Capitalized terms used herein but not defined shall
have the meaning given them in the Declaration. The Holder is entitled to the
benefits of the Common Securities Guarantee to the extent provided therein. The
Sponsor will provide a copy of the Declaration, the Common Securities Guarantee
and the Indenture to a Holder without charge upon written request to the Sponsor
at its principal place of business. 

     Upon receipt of this certificate, the Sponsor is bound by the Declaration
and is entitled to the benefits thereunder.

     By acceptance, the Holder agrees to treat, for United States federal income
tax purposes, the Debentures as indebtedness and the Common Securities as
evidence of indirect beneficial ownership in the Debentures.



   72



     IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Trust has executed this certificate this _______
day of January, 1998.

KENNAMETAL FINANCING I



By: _________________________________________________________________________
Name: _______________________________________________________________________
Title:  Regular Trustee

   73


                          [FORM OF REVERSE OF SECURITY]

     Distributions payable on each Common Security will be fixed at a rate per
annum of ____% (the "Coupon Rate") of the stated liquidation amount of $50 per
Common Security, such rate being the rate of interest payable on the Debentures
to be held by the Institutional Trustee. Distributions in arrears for more than
one quarter will bear interest thereon compounded quarterly at the rate of ____%
until February 15, 2001, and at the Reset Rate thereafter (to the extent
permitted by applicable law). The term "Distributions" as used herein includes
such cash distributions and any such interest payable unless otherwise stated. A
Distribution is payable only to the extent that payments are made in respect of
the Debentures held by the Institutional Trustee and to the extent the
Institutional Trustee has funds available therefor. The amount of Distributions
payable for any period will be computed for any full quarterly Distribution
period on the basis of a 360-day year of twelve 30-day months, and for any
period shorter than a full quarterly Distribution period for which Distributions
are computed, Distributions will be computed on the basis of the actual number
of days elapsed per 30-day month.

     Except as otherwise described below, distributions on the Common Securities
will be cumulative, will accrue from the date of original issuance and will be
payable quarterly in arrears, on February 16, May 16, August 16 and November 16
of each year, commencing on February 16, 1998, to Holders of record one Business
Day prior to such payment dates, which payment dates shall correspond to the
interest payment dates on the Debentures. The Debenture Issuer has the right
under the Indenture to defer payments of interest by extending the interest
payment period from time to time on the Debentures for a period not exceeding
beyond the date of maturity of the Debentures (each an "Extension Period") and,
as a consequence of such deferral, Distributions will also be deferred. Despite
such deferral, quarterly Distributions will continue to accrue with interest
thereon (to the extent permitted by applicable law) at the rate of ____% until
February 15, 2001, and at the Reset Rate thereafter, compounded quarterly during
any such Extension Period. Payments of accrued Distributions will be payable to
Holders as they appear on the books and records of the Trust on the first record
date after the end of the Extension Period. Upon the termination of any
Extension Period and the payment of all amounts then due, the Debenture Issuer
may commence a new Extension Period; provided, that such Extension Period
together with all such previous and further extensions thereof may not exceed
beyond the maturity date of the Debentures.

     The Common Securities shall be redeemable as provided in the Declaration.

   74


                            OPTION TO ELECT REPAYMENT

     The undersigned hereby irrevocably requests and instructs the Trust to
repay $_____ stated liquidation amount of the within Common Security, pursuant
to its terms, on the "Put Option Exercise Date," together with distributions
thereon accrued and unpaid to the date of repayment, to the undersigned at:

____________________________________________________________
(Please print or type Name and Address of the Undersigned)

and to issue to the undersigned, pursuant to the terms of the Declaration, a new
Common Security or Common Securities representing the remaining stated
liquidation amount of this Common Security.

For this Option to Elect Repayment to be effective, the within Common Security
with this Option to Elect Repayment duly completed must be received by the Trust
at the Corporate Trust Office of the Institutional Trustee 
______________________________ _______________________________________________
Attention: Corporate Trust Administration.

Dated:                        Signature: ____________________________________

                              Signature Guarantee: __________________________


Note: The signature to this Option to Elect Repayment must correspond with the
name as written upon the face of the within Common Security in every particular
without alternation or enlargement or any change whatsoever.

   75


                                ----------------
                                   ASSIGNMENT

FOR VALUE RECEIVED, the undersigned assigns and transfers this Common Security
Certificate to:

_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
        (Insert assignee's social security or tax identification number)


_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
                    (Insert address and zip code of assignee)

and irrevocably appoints


_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
agent to transfer this Common Security Certificate on the books of the Trust.
The agent may substitute another to act for him or her.

Date: ____________________________________


                              Signature: ____________________________________

                              Signature Guarantee: __________________________




              (Sign exactly as your name appears on the other side
                      of this Common Security Certificate)

   76


                                    EXHIBIT B

                              SPECIMEN OF DEBENTURE

   77


                                    EXHIBIT C
                               Purchase Agreement





   1
                                                                     Exhibit 4.7

- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------


                                KENNAMETAL INC.,
                                    AS ISSUER


                                       TO


                       THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF CHICAGO,
                                   AS TRUSTEE


- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------




                                    Indenture


                           DATED AS OF ________, 1998



- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   2


                                 KENNAMETAL INC.

                      RECONCILIATION AND TIE BETWEEN TRUST
                        INDENTURE ACT OF 1939, AS AMENDED
                    AND INDENTURE, DATED AS OF JANUARY , 1998

 TRUST INDENTURE                                  INDENTURE SECTION
   ACT SECTION

Section 310    (a)(1)  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .609
               (a)(2)  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .609
               (a)(3)  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not Applicable
               (a)(4)  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not Applicable
               (b) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 608, 610
Section 311    (a) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .613
               (b) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .613
Section 312    (a) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 701, 702(a)
               (b) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .702(b)
               (c) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .702(c)
Section 313    (a) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .703(a)
               (b) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not Applicable
               (c) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .703(a), 703(b)
               (d) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .703(b)
Section 314    (a) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .704
               (b) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not Applicable
               (c)(1). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .102
               (c)(2). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .102
               (c)(3). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not Applicable
               (d) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not Applicable
               (e) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .102
Section 315    (a) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .601(a)
               (b) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .602
               (c) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .601(b)
               (d) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .601(c)
               (d)(l). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .601(a), 601(c)
               (d)(2). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .601(c)
               (d)(3). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .601(c)
               (e) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .514
Section 316    (a)(1)(A) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .512
               (a)(1)(B) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 502, 513
               (a)(2). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not Applicable
               (b) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .508
Section 317    (a)(1). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .503
               (a)(2). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .504
               (b) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1009
Section 318    (a) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .107
- -----------------------

NOTE: THIS RECONCILIATION AND TIE SHALL NOT, FOR ANY PURPOSE, BE DEEMED TO BE A
PART OF THIS INDENTURE.

   3


                                TABLE OF CONTENTS

                                                                       PAGE
                                    ARTICLE 1

                        DEFINITIONS AND OTHER PROVISIONS
                             OF GENERAL APPLICATION
               
               SECTION 101. Definitions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1
               Act . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1
               Affiliate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1
               Authenticating Agent. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2
               Bankruptcy Law. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2
               Board of Directors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2
               Board Resolution. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2
               Business Day. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2
               Capitalized Lease Obligation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2
               Capital Stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2
               Commission. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2
               Common Depositary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2
               Company . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2
               Company Request . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2
               Company Order . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2
               Corporate Trust Office. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2
               Covenant Defeasance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2
               Custodian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2
               Default . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
               Defaulted Interest. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
               Defeasance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
               Dollars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
               Event of Default. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
               Exchange Act. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
               GAAP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
               Holder. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
               Security holder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
               Indebtedness. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
               Indenture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
               Interest. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
               Interest Payment Date . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
               Lien. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
               Maturity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
               Officer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
               Officer's Certificate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
               Opinion of Counsel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
               Original Issue Discount Security. . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
               Outstanding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
               Paying Agent. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
               Person. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
               Place of Payment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
               Redemption Date . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
               Redemption Price. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
               Registered Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
               Regular Record Date . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
               Responsible Officer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
               Securities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5

   4
Security Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 Security Registrar. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 Significant Subsidiary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 Special Record Date . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 Stated Maturity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 Subsidiary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 Trust Indenture Act . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 Trustee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 U.S. Depositary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 U.S. Government Obligations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 Vice President. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 SECTION 102. Compliance Certificates and Opinions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 SECTION 103. Form of Documents Delivered to Trustee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 SECTION 104. Acts of Holders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 SECTION 105. Notices, Etc., to Trustee and Company. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 SECTION 106. Notice to Holders; Waiver. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 SECTION 107. Conflict with Trust Indenture Act. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 SECTION 108. Effect of Headings and Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 SECTION 109. Successors and Assigns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 SECTION 110. Separability Clause. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 SECTION 111. Benefits of Indenture. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 SECTION 112. Governing Law. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 SECTION 113. Legal Holidays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 SECTION 114. No Recourse Against Others . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
ARTICLE 2 SECURITY FORMS SECTION 201. Forms Generally. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 SECTION 202. Form of Face of Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 SECTION 203. Form of Reverse of Security. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 SECTION 204. Form of Trustee's Certificate of Authentication . . . . . . . . . . . .15 SECTION 205. Securities in Global Form. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 SECTION 206. CUSIP Number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 SECTION 207. Form of Legend for the Securities in Global Form. . . . . . . . . . . .16
ARTICLE 3 THE SECURITIES SECTION 301. Amount Unlimited; Issuable in Series. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 SECTION 302. Denominations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18 SECTION 303. Execution, Authentication, Delivery and Dating. . . . . . . . . . . . .18 SECTION 304. Temporary Securities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20 SECTION 305. Registration, Registration of Transfer and Exchange . . . . . . . . . .20 SECTION 306. Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost and Stolen Securities. . . . . . . . . . . .21 SECTION 307. Payment of Interest; Interest Rights Preserved. . . . . . . . . . . . .22 SECTION 308. Persons Deemed Owners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 SECTION 309. Cancellation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 SECTION 310. Computation of Interest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
ARTICLE 4 SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE ii 5
SECTION 401. Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24 SECTION 402. Application of Trust Money . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24
ARTICLE 5 REMEDIES SECTION 501. Events of Default. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24 SECTION 502. Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission and Annulment . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26 SECTION 503. Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by Trustee. . . . . . . .26 SECTION 504. Trustee May File Proofs of Claim . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27 SECTION 505. Trustee May Enforce Claims Without Possession of Securities . . . . . . . . .27 SECTION 506. Application of Money Collected . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28 SECTION 507. Limitation on Suits. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28 SECTION 508. Unconditional Right of Holders to Receive Principal, Premium and Interest. . .28 SECTION 509. Restoration of Rights and Remedies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29 SECTION 510. Rights and Remedies Cumulative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29 SECTION 511. Delay or Omission Not Waiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29 SECTION 512. Control by Holders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29 SECTION 513. Waiver of Past Defaults. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29 SECTION 514. Undertaking for Costs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30
ARTICLE 6 THE TRUSTEE SECTION 601. Certain Duties and Responsibilities of the Trustee . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30 SECTION 602. Notice of Defaults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30 SECTION 603. Certain Rights of Trustee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30 SECTION 604. Not Responsible for Recitals or Issuance of Securities . . . . . . . . . . . .31 SECTION 605. May Hold Securities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31 SECTION 606. Money Held in Trust. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31 SECTION 607. Compensation and Reimbursement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32 SECTION 608. Disqualification; Conflicting Interests. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32 SECTION 609. Corporate Trustee Required; Eligibility. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32 SECTION 610. Resignation and Removal; Appointment of Successor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32 SECTION 611. Acceptance of Appointment by Successor or Additional Trustees. . . . . . . . .33 SECTION 612. Merger, Conversion, Consolidation or Succession to Business. . . . . . . . . .34 SECTION 613. Preferential Collection of Claims Against Company. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34 SECTION 614. Appointment of Authenticating Agent. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35
ARTICLE 7 HOLDERS' LISTS AND REPORTS BY TRUSTEE AND COMPANY SECTION 701. Company to Furnish Trustee Names and Addresses of Holders. . . . . . . . . . 36 SECTION 702. Preservation of Information; Communications to Holders . . . . . . . . . . . 36 SECTION 703. Reports by Trustee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 SECTION 704. Reports by Company . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
ARTICLE 8 CONSOLIDATION, MERGER, LEASE, SALE OR TRANSFER SECTION 801. When Company May Merge, Etc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 SECTION 802. Opinion of Counsel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
iii 6 SECTION 803. Successor Corporation Substituted. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38
ARTICLE 9 SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES SECTION 901. Supplemental Indentures Without Consent of Holders . . . . . . . . . . .38 SECTION 902. Supplemental Indentures with Consent of Holders. . . . . . . . . . . . .39 SECTION 903. Execution of Supplemental Indentures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40 SECTION 904. Effect of Supplemental Indentures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40 SECTION 905. Conformity with Trust Indenture Act. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40 SECTION 906. Reference in Securities to Supplemental Indentures . . . . . . . . . . .40
ARTICLE 10 COVENANTS SECTION 1001. Payments of Securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41 SECTION 1002. Maintenance of Office or Agency. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41 SECTION 1003. Corporate Existence. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41 SECTION 1004. Payment of Taxes and Other Claims. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41 SECTION 1005. Compliance Certificates. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42 SECTION 1006. Commission Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42 SECTION 1007. Waiver of Stay, Extension or Usury Laws. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42 SECTION 1008. Money for Securities Payments to Be Held in Trust. . . . . . . . . . . .43
ARTICLE 11 REDEMPTION OF SECURITIES SECTION 1101. Applicability of Article . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44 SECTION 1102. Election to Redeem; Notice to Trustee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44 SECTION 1103. Selection by Trustee of Securities to Be Redeemed. . . . . . . . . . . .44 SECTION 1104. Notice of Redemption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44 SECTION 1105. Deposit of Redemption Price. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45 SECTION 1106. Securities Payable on Redemption Date. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45 SECTION 1107. Securities Redeemed in Part. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45
ARTICLE 12 SINKING FUNDS SECTION 1201. Applicability of Article . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46 SECTION 1202. Satisfaction of Sinking Fund Payments with Securities. . . . . . . . . .46 SECTION 1203. Redemption of Securities for Sinking Fund. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46
ARTICLE 13 DEFEASANCE AND COVENANT DEFEASANCE SECTION 1301. Applicability of Article; Company's Option to Effect Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46 SECTION 1302. Defeasance and Discharge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47 SECTION 1303. Covenant Defeasance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47 SECTION 1304. Conditions to Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance. . . . . . . . . . . . .47 SECTION 1305. Deposited Money and Government Obligations To Be Held In Trust . . . . .48
iv 7 ARTICLE 14 MISCELLANEOUS SECTION 1401. Miscellaneous. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 v 8 Indenture, dated as of _______, 1998, between KENNAMETAL INC., a corporation duly organized and existing under the laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania (herein called the "Company"), having its principal office at Route 981 at Westmoreland County Airport, Latrobe, Pennsylvania 15650 and THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF CHICAGO, a national banking association, as Trustee (herein called the "Trustee"). RECITALS OF THE COMPANY The Company has duly authorized the execution and delivery of this Indenture to provide for the issuance from time to time of its unsecured debentures, notes or other evidences of indebtedness (herein called the "Securities"), to be issued in one or more series as in this Indenture provided. All things necessary to make this Indenture a valid agreement of the Company, in accordance with its terms, have been done. NOW, THEREFORE, THIS INDENTURE WITNESSETH: For and in consideration of the premises and the purchase of the Securities by the Holders thereof, it is mutually covenanted and agreed, for the equal and proportionate benefit of all Holders of the Securities or of any series thereof, as follows: ARTICLE 1 DEFINITIONS AND OTHER PROVISIONS OF GENERAL APPLICATION SECTION 101. Definitions. For all purposes of this Indenture, except as otherwise expressly provided or unless the context otherwise requires: (1) the terms defined in this Article have the meanings assigned to them in this Article and include the plural as well as the singular; (2) all other terms used herein which are defined in the Trust Indenture Act, either directly or by reference therein, have the meanings assigned to them therein; (3) all accounting terms not otherwise defined herein have the meanings assigned to them in accordance with GAAP; (4) the word "Including" (and with the correlative meaning "Include") means including, without limiting the generality of, any description following such term; and (5) the words "Herein," "Hereof" and "Hereunder" and other words of similar import refer to this Indenture as a whole and not to any particular Article, Section or other subdivision. Certain terms, used principally in Article Six, are defined in that Article. "Act," when used with respect to any Holder, has the meaning specified in Section 104. "Affiliate" means another Person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect common control with such first Person. For the purposes of this definition, "control" (including, with correlative meanings, the terms "controlling," "controlled by" and "under common control with"), as applied to any Person, means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of that Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities or by contract or otherwise. 9 "Authenticating Agent" means any Person authorized by the Trustee to act on behalf of the Trustee to authenticate Securities. "Bankruptcy Law" means Title 11, U.S. Code or any similar federal or state law for the relief of debtors. "Board of Directors" means the board of directors of the Company; provided, however, that when the context refers to actions or resolutions of the Board of Directors, then the term "Board of Directors" shall also mean any duly authorized committee of the Board of Directors of the Company or Officer authorized to act with respect to any particular matter to exercise the power of the Board of Directors of the Company. "Board Resolution" means a copy of a resolution certified by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company to have been duly adopted by the Board of Directors and to be in full force and effect on the date of such certification, and delivered to the Trustee. "Business Day," when used with respect to any Place of Payment, means each Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday which is not a day on which banking institutions in that Place of Payment are authorized or obligated by law or regulation to close. "Capitalized Lease Obligation" means an obligation that is required to be classified and accounted for as a capitalized lease for financial reporting purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and the amount of Indebtedness represented by such obligation shall be the capitalized amount of such obligation determined in accordance with such principles; and the Stated Maturity thereof shall be the date of the last payment of rent or any other amount due under such lease prior to the first date upon which such lease may be terminated by the lessee without payment of a penalty. "Capital Stock" of any Person shall mean any and all shares, interests, participations or other equivalents of or interests in (however designated) equity of such Person, including any preferred stock, but excluding any debt securities convertible into such equity. "Commission" means the Securities and Exchange Commission, as from time to time constituted, created under the Exchange Act, or, if at any time after the execution of this instrument such Commission is not existing and performing the duties now assigned to it under the Trust Indenture Act, then the body performing such duties at such time. "Common Depositary" has the meaning specified in Section 304. "Company" means the Person named as the "Company" in the first paragraph of this Indenture until a successor corporation shall have become such pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter "Company" shall mean such successor corporation. "Company Request" or "Company Order" means a written request or order signed in the name of the Company by its Chairman of the Board, its President or a Vice President, and by its Treasurer, an Assistant Treasurer, its Controller, an Assistant Controller, its Secretary or an Assistant Secretary, and delivered to the Trustee. "Corporate Trust Office" means the principal corporate trust office of the Trustee at which, at any particular time, its corporate trust business shall be administered, which office at the date hereof is located at One First National Plaza, Suite 0126, Chicago, Illinois 60670-0126, Attention: Corporate Trust Services Division, except for purposes of Section 1002 such term shall mean the office or agency of the Trustee in the Borough of Manhattan, the City of New York, which office at the date hereof is located at First Chicago Trust Company of New York, 14 Wall Street, Eighth Floor, New York, New York 10005. "Covenant Defeasance" has the meaning specified in Section 1303. "Currency Agreement" shall mean any foreign exchange contract, currency swap agreement or other similar agreement or arrangement designed to protect such Person or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries against fluctuations in currency values. 2 10 "Custodian" means any receiver, trustee, assignee, liquidator, sequestrator or similar official under any Bankruptcy Law. "Default" means any event which is, or after notice or passage of time or both would be, an Event of Default. "Defaulted Interest" has the meaning specified in Section 307. "Defeasance" has the meaning specified in Section 1302. "Dollars" and "$" means lawful money of the United States of America. "Event of Default" has the meaning specified in Section 501. "Exchange Act" means the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended from time to time, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder. "GAAP" means such accounting principles that are generally accepted in the United States of America as of the date of any computation required hereunder. "Holder" or "Security holder" means a Person in whose name a Security is registered in the Security Register. "Indebtedness" means, with respect to any Person, at any date, any of the following, without duplication, (i) any liability, contingent or otherwise, of such Person (A) for borrowed money (whether or not the recourse of the lender is to the whole of the assets of such Person or only to a portion thereof), (B) evidenced by a note, bond, debenture or similar instrument or (C) for the payment of money relating to a Capitalized Lease Obligation or other obligation (whether issued or assumed) relating to the deferred purchase price of property; (ii) all conditional sale obligations and all obligations under any title retention agreement (even if the rights and remedies of the seller under such agreement in the event of default are limited to repossession or sale of such property), but excluding trade accounts payable arising in the ordinary course of business; (iii) all obligations for the reimbursement of any obligor on any letter of credit, banker's acceptance or similar credit transaction other than entered into in the ordinary course of business; (iv) all indebtedness of others secured by (or for which the holder of such indebtedness has an existing right, contingent or otherwise, to be secured by) any Lien on any asset or property (including, without limitation, leasehold interests and any other tangible or intangible property) of such Person, whether or not such indebtedness is assumed by such Person or is not otherwise such Person's legal liability; provided, that if the obligations so secured have not been assumed in full by such Person or are otherwise not such Person's legal liability in full, the amount of such indebtedness for the purposes of this definition shall be limited to the lesser of the amount of such indebtedness secured by such Lien; (v) all indebtedness of others (including all interest and dividends on any Indebtedness or preferred stock of any other Person for the payment of which is) guaranteed, directly or indirectly, by such Person or that is otherwise its legal liability or which such Person has agreed contingently to supply or advance funds; and (vi) obligations in respect of Currency Agreements and Interest Swap Obligations. "Indenture" means this instrument as originally executed or as it may from time to time be supplemented or amended by one or more indentures supplemental hereto entered into pursuant to the applicable provisions hereof and shall include the terms of particular series of Securities established as contemplated by Section 301. "Interest," when used with respect to an Original Issue Discount Security which by its terms bears interest only after Maturity, means interest payable after Maturity. "Interest Payment Date," when used with respect to any Security, means the Stated Maturity of an installment of interest on such Security. "Interest Swap Obligations" shall mean the obligations of any Person pursuant to any interest rate swap agreement, interest rate collar agreement or other similar agreement or arrangement designed to protect such Person or any of its Subsidiaries against fluctuations in interest rates. 3 11 "Lien" shall mean any mortgage, pledge, security interest, encumbrance, lien, charge or adverse claim affecting title or resulting in an encumbrance against real or personal property or a security interest of any kind (including, without limitation, any conditional sale or other title retention agreement or lease in the nature thereof other than a lease which is not a Capitalized Lease Obligation.) "Maturity," when used with respect to any Security, means the date on which the principal of such Security or an installment of principal becomes due and payable as therein or herein provided, whether at the Stated Maturity or by declaration of acceleration, call for redemption or otherwise. "Officer" means the Chairman of the Board, the Vice Chairman of the Board, the President, the Executive Vice President, any Vice President, the Treasurer, any Assistant Treasurer, the Controller, the Secretary or any Assistant Secretary of the Company. "Officer's Certificate" means a certificate signed by an Officer and delivered to the Trustee. "Opinion of Counsel" means a written opinion of counsel, who may be an employee of or counsel for the Company, and who shall be reasonably acceptable to the Trustee. "Original Issue Discount Security" means any Security which provides for an amount less than the principal amount thereof to be due and payable upon a declaration of acceleration of the Maturity thereof pursuant to Section 502. "Outstanding," when used with respect to Securities or Securities of any series, means, as of the date of determination, all such Securities theretofore authenticated and delivered under this Indenture, except: (i) Securities theretofore cancelled by the Trustee or delivered to the Trustee for cancellation; (ii) Securities, or portions thereof, for whose payment or redemption money in the necessary amount has been theretofore deposited with the Trustee or any Paying Agent (other than the Company) in trust or set aside and segregated in trust by the Company (if the Company shall act as its own Paying Agent) for the Holders of such Securities; provided that, if such Securities are to be redeemed, notice of such redemption has been duly given pursuant to this Indenture or provision therefor satisfactory to the Trustee has been made; (iii) Securities which have been paid pursuant to Section 306 or in exchange for or in lieu of which other Securities have been authenticated and delivered pursuant to this Indenture, other than any such Securities in respect of which there shall have been presented to the Trustee proof satisfactory to it that such Securities are held by a bona fide purchaser in whose hands such Securities are valid obligations of the Company; and (iv) Securities which have been defeased pursuant to Section 1302; provided, however, that in determining whether the Holders of the requisite principal amount of the Outstanding Securities have given any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver hereunder, (a) the principal amount of an Original Issue Discount Security that shall be deemed to be Outstanding for such purposes shall be that portion of the principal amount thereof that could be declared to be due and payable upon the occurrence of an Event of Default and the continuation thereof pursuant to the terms of such Original Issue Discount Security as of the date of such determination and (b) Securities owned by the Company or any other obligor upon the Securities or any Affiliate of the Company or of such other obligor shall be disregarded and deemed not to be Outstanding, except that, in determining whether the Trustee shall be protected in relying upon any such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver, only Securities which the Trustee knows to be so owned shall be so disregarded. Securities so owned which have been pledged in good faith may be regarded as Outstanding if the pledgee establishes to the satisfaction of the Trustee the pledgee's right so to act with respect to such Securities and that the pledgee is not the Company or any other obligor upon the Securities or any Affiliate of the Company or of such other obligor. "Paying Agent" means any Person authorized by the Company to pay the principal of (and premium, if any) or interest on any Securities on behalf of the Company. The Company may act as Paying Agent with respect to any Securities issued hereunder. "Person" means any individual, corporation, partnership, limited partnership, joint venture, association, joint-stock company, trust, unincorporated organization, government or any agency or political subdivision thereof, or any other entity. 4 12 "Place of Payment," when used with respect to the Securities of any series, means the place or places where the principal of (and premium, if any) and interest on the Securities of that series are payable as specified as contemplated by Section 301. "Redemption Date," when used with respect to any Security of any series to be redeemed, means the date fixed for such redemption by or pursuant to this Indenture. "Redemption Price," when used with respect to any Security of any series to be redeemed, means the price at which it is to be redeemed pursuant to this Indenture. "Registered Security" means any Security issued hereunder and registered in the Security Register. "Regular Record Date" for the interest payable on any Interest Payment Date on the Securities of any series means the date specified for that purpose as contemplated by Section 301. "Responsible Officer," when used with respect to the Trustee, means any officer of the Trustee in its Corporate Trust Office and also means, with respect to a particular corporate trust matter, any other officer to whom such matter is referred because of his knowledge of and familiarity with the particular subject. "Securities" has the meaning stated in the first recital of this Indenture and more particularly means any Securities authenticated and delivered under this Indenture. "Security Register" and "Security Registrar" have the respective meanings specified in Section 305. "Significant Subsidiary" means a Subsidiary or Subsidiaries of the Company possessing assets (including the assets of its own Subsidiaries but without regard to the Company or any other Subsidiary) having a book value, in the aggregate, equal to not less than 10% of the book value of the aggregate assets of the Company and its Subsidiaries calculated on a consolidated basis. "Special Record Date" for the payment of any Defaulted Interest means a date fixed by the Trustee pursuant to Section 307. "Stated Maturity," when used with respect to any Security or any installment of principal thereof or interest thereon, means the date specified in such Security as the fixed date on which the principal of such Security or such installment of principal or interest is due and payable. "Subsidiary" of any Person means (i) any Person of which more than 50% of the total voting power of shares of capital stock entitled (without regard to the occurrence of any contingency) to vote in the election of directors, managers or trustees thereof is at the time owned or controlled, directly or indirectly, by any Person or one or more of the Restricted Subsidiaries of that Person or a combination thereof, and (ii) any partnership, joint venture or other Person in which such Person or one or more of the Restricted Subsidiaries of that Person or a combination thereof has the power to control by contract or otherwise the board of directors or equivalent governing body or otherwise controls such entity. "Trust Indenture Act" means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended, as in force at the date as of which this Indenture was executed; provided, however, that in the event that such Act is amended after such date, "Trust Indenture Act" means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 as so amended. "Trustee" means the Person named as the "Trustee" in the first paragraph of this instrument until a successor Trustee shall have become such pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter "Trustee" shall mean or include each Person who is then a Trustee hereunder, and if at any time there is more than one such Person, "Trustee" as used with respect to the Securities of any series shall mean the Trustee with respect to Securities of that series. "U.S. Depositary" means, with respect to the Securities of any series issuable or issued in whole or in part in the form of one or more permanent global Securities, the Person designated as U.S. Depositary by the Company 5 13 pursuant to Section 301, which must be a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act until a successor U.S. Depositary shall have become such pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter "U.S. Depositary" shall mean or include each Person who is then a U.S. Depositary hereunder, and if at any time there is more than one such Person, "U.S. Depositary" shall mean the U.S. Depositary with respect to the Securities of that series. "U.S. Government Obligations" means securities which are (i) direct obligations of the United States of America for the payment of which its full faith and credit is pledged or (ii) obligations of a Person controlled or supervised by and acting as an agency or instrumentality of the United States of America the timely payment of which is unconditionally guaranteed by the full faith and credit of the United States of America which, in either case, are not callable or redeemable at the option of the issuer thereof or otherwise subject to prepayment, and shall also include a depository receipt issued by a New York Clearing House bank or trust company as custodian with respect to any such U.S. Government Obligation or a specific payment or interest on or principal of any such U.S. Government Obligation held by such custodian for the account of the holder of a depository receipt, provided that (except as required by law) such custodian is not authorized to make any deduction from the amount payable to the holder of such depository receipt or from any amount held by the custodian in respect of the U.S. Government Obligation or the specific payment of interest on or principal of the U.S. Government Obligation evidenced by such depository receipt. "Vice President," when used with respect to the Company or the Trustee, means any vice president, whether or not designated by a number or a word or words added before or after the title "vice president". SECTION 102. Compliance Certificates and Opinions. Upon any application or request by the Company to the Trustee to take any action under any provision of this Indenture, other than an action permitted by Sections 205 and 704 hereof, the Company shall furnish to the Trustee an Officer's Certificate stating that all conditions precedent, if any, provided for in this Indenture relating to the proposed action have been complied with and an Opinion of Counsel stating that in the opinion of such counsel all such conditions precedent, if any, have been complied with, except that in the case of any such application or request as to which the furnishing of such documents is specifically required by any provision of this Indenture relating to such particular application or request, no additional certificate or opinion need be furnished. Every certificate or opinion with respect to compliance with a condition or covenant provided for in this Indenture shall include: (a) a statement that each individual signing such certificate or opinion has read such covenant or condition and the definitions herein relating thereto; (b) a brief statement as to the nature and scope of the examination or investigation upon which the statements or opinions contained in such certificate or opinion are based; (c) a statement that, in the opinion of each such individual, he has made such examination or investigation as is necessary to enable him to express an informed opinion as to whether or not such covenant or condition has been complied with; and (d) a statement as to whether, in the opinion of each such individual, such condition or covenant has been complied with. SECTION 103. Form of Documents Delivered to Trustee. In any case where several matters are required to be certified by, or covered by an opinion of, any specified Person, it is not necessary that all such matters be certified by, or covered by the opinion of, only one such Person, or that they be so certified or covered by only one document, but one such Person may certify or give an opinion with respect to some matters and one or more other such Persons as to other matters, and any such Person may certify or give an opinion as to such matters in one or several documents. 6 14 Any certificate or opinion of an Officer may be based, insofar as it relates to legal matters, upon a certificate or opinion of, or representations by, counsel, unless such Officer knows, or in the exercise of reasonable care should know, that the certificate or opinion or representations with respect to the matters upon which his certificate or opinion is based are erroneous. Any such certificate or Opinion of Counsel may be based, insofar as it relates to factual matters, upon a certificate or opinion of, or representations by, an Officer or Officers of the Company stating that the information with respect to such factual matters is in the possession of the Company, unless such counsel knows, or in the exercise of reasonable care should know, that the certificate or opinion or representations with respect to such matters are erroneous. Where any Person is required to make, give or execute two or more applications, requests, consents, certificates, statements, opinions or other instruments under this Indenture, they may, but need not, be consolidated and form one instrument. SECTION 104. Acts of Holders. (a) Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action provided by this Indenture to be given or taken by Holders may be embodied in and evidenced by one or more instruments of substantially similar tenor signed by such Holders in person or by agents duly appointed in writing; and, except as herein otherwise expressly provided, such action shall become effective when such instrument or instruments are delivered to the Trustee and, where it is hereby expressly required, to the Company. Such instrument or instruments (and the action embodied therein and evidenced thereby) are herein sometimes referred to as the "ACT" of the Holders signing such instrument or instruments. Proof of execution of any such instrument or of a writing appointing any such agent shall be sufficient for any purpose of this Indenture and (subject to Section 601) conclusive in favor of the Trustee and the Company, if made in the manner provided in this Section. (b) The fact and date of the execution by any Person of any such instrument or writing may be proved by the affidavit of a witness of such execution or by a certificate of a notary public or other officer authorized by law to take acknowledgments of deeds, certifying that the individual signing such instrument or writing acknowledged to him the execution thereof. Where such execution is by a signer acting in a capacity other than his individual capacity, such certificate or affidavit shall also constitute sufficient proof of his authority. The fact and date of the execution of any such instrument or writing, or the authority of the Person executing the same, may also be proved in any other manner which the Trustee deems sufficient. (c) The ownership of Registered Securities shall be proved by the Security Register. (d) Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other Act of the Holder of any Security shall bind every future Holder of the same Security and the Holder of every Security issued upon the registration of transfer thereof or in exchange therefor or in lieu thereof in respect of anything done, omitted or suffered to be done by the Trustee or the Company in reliance thereon, whether or not notation of such action is made upon such Security. (e) If the Company shall solicit from the Holders any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other Act, the Company may, at its option, by or pursuant to a Board Resolution, fix in advance a record date for the determination of Holders entitled to give such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other Act, but the Company shall have no obligation to do so. If such a record date is fixed, such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other Act may be given before or after such record date, but only the Holders of record at the close of business on such record date shall be deemed to be Holders for the purposes of determining whether Holders of the requisite proportion of Outstanding Securities have authorized or agreed or consented to such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other Act, and for that purpose the Outstanding Securities shall be computed as of such record date; provided that no such authorization, agreement or consent by the Holders on such record date shall be deemed effective unless it shall become effective pursuant to the provisions of this Indenture not later than six months after the record date. SECTION 105. Notices, Etc., to Trustee and Company. 7 15 Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or Act of Holders or other document provided or permitted by this Indenture to be made upon, given or furnished to, or filed with, (a) the Trustee by any Holder or by the Company shall be sufficient for every purpose hereunder if made, given, furnished or filed in writing to or with the Trustee and received by the Trustee at its Corporate Trust Office, Attention: Corporate Trust Administration, or (b) the Company by the Trustee or by any Holder shall be sufficient for every purpose hereunder (unless otherwise herein expressly provided) if in writing and mailed, first-class postage prepaid, to the Company addressed to it at the address of its principal office specified in the first paragraph of this Indenture, attention: Secretary, or at any other address previously furnished in writing to the Trustee by the Company. SECTION 106. Notice to Holders; Waiver. Where this Indenture or any Security provides for notice to Holders of any event, such notice shall be deemed sufficiently given (unless otherwise herein or in such Security expressly provided) if in writing and mailed, first-class postage prepaid, to each Holder affected by such event, at his address as it appears in the Security Register, not later than the latest date, and not earlier than the earliest date, prescribed for the giving of such notice. In any case where notice to Holders is given by mail, neither the failure to mail such notice, nor any defect in any notice so mailed, to any particular Holder shall affect the sufficiency of such notice with respect to other Holders or the validity of the proceedings to which such notice relates. Where this Indenture or any Security provides for notice in any manner, such notice may be waived in writing by the Person entitled to receive such notice, either before or after the event, and such waiver shall be the equivalent of such notice. Waivers of notice by Holders shall be filed with the Trustee, but such filing shall not be a condition precedent to the validity of any action taken in reliance upon such waiver. In case by reason of the suspension of regular mail service or by reason of any other cause it shall be impracticable to give such notice by mail, then such notification as shall be made with the approval of the Trustee shall constitute a sufficient notification for every purpose hereunder. Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver required or permitted under this Indenture shall be in the English language, except that any published notice may be in an official language of the country of publication. SECTION 107. Conflict with Trust Indenture Act. If any provision hereof limits, qualifies or conflicts with another provision hereof which is required to be included in this Indenture by any of the provisions of the Trust Indenture Act, such required provision shall control. If any provision of this Indenture modifies or excludes any provision of the Trust Indenture Act that may be so modified or excluded, the latter provision shall be deemed to apply to this Indenture as so modified or shall be excluded, as the case may be. SECTION 108. Effect of Headings and Table of Contents. The Article and Section headings herein and the Table of Contents are for convenience only and shall not affect the construction hereof. SECTION 109. Successors and Assigns. All covenants and agreements in this Indenture by the Company shall bind its successors and assigns, whether so expressed or not. SECTION 110. Separability Clause. In case any provision in this Indenture or in the Securities shall be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby. 8 16 SECTION 111. Benefits of Indenture. Nothing in this Indenture or in the Securities, express or implied, shall give to any Person, other than the parties hereto and their successors hereunder and the Holders, any benefit or any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under this Indenture. SECTION 112. Governing Law. This Indenture and the Securities shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws (other than the choice of law provisions) of the State of New York. SECTION 113. Legal Holidays. In any case where any Interest Payment Date, Redemption Date or Stated Maturity of any Security shall not be a Business Day at any Place of Payment, then (notwithstanding any other provision of this Indenture or of the Securities) payment of interest or principal (and premium, if any) need not be made at such Place of Payment on such date, but may be made on the next succeeding Business Day or on such other day as may be set out in the Officer's Certificate pursuant to Section 301 at such Place of Payment with the same force and effect as if made on the Interest Payment Date or Redemption Date, or at the Stated Maturity, provided that no interest shall accrue for the period from and after such Interest Payment Date, Redemption Date or Stated Maturity, as the case may be. SECTION 114. No Recourse Against Others. A director, officer, employee or stockholder, as such, of the Company shall not have any liability for any obligations of the Company under the Securities or this Indenture or for any claim based on, in respect of or by reason of such obligations or their creation. Each Security holder, by accepting a Security, waives and releases all such liability. Such waivers and releases are part of the consideration for the issuance of the Securities. ARTICLE 2 SECURITY FORMS SECTION 201. Forms Generally. The Securities of each series shall be in substantially the form set forth in this Article, or in such other form as shall be established by or pursuant to a Board Resolution or in one or more indentures supplemental hereto, ln each case with such appropriate insertions, omissions, substitutions and other variations as are required or permitted by this Indenture, and may have such letters, numbers or other marks of identification and such legends or endorsements placed thereon as may be required to comply with the rules of any securities exchange or as may, consistently herewith, be determined by the Officers executing such Securities, as evidenced by their execution of the Securities. If the form of Securities of any series is established by action taken pursuant to a Board Resolution, a copy of an appropriate record of such action shall be certified by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company and delivered to the Trustee at or prior to the delivery of the Company Order contemplated by Section 303 for the authentication and delivery of such Securities. The Trustee's certificates of authentication shall be in substantially the form set forth in this Article. The definitive Securities shall be photocopied, printed, lithographed or engraved on steel engraved borders or may be produced in any other manner, all as determined by the Officers executing such Securities, as evidenced by their execution of such Securities. SECTION 202. Form of Face of Security. (If the Security is an Original Issue Discount Security, insert--FOR PURPOSES OF SECTION 1272 OF THE INTERNAL REVENUE CODE OF 1986, AS AMENDED (THE "CODE"), THE AMOUNT OF ORIGINAL ISSUE DISCOUNT (AS DEFINED IN SECTION 1273(a)(1) OF THE CODE AND TREASURY REGULATION SECTION 9 17 1.1273-l(a) WITH RESPECT TO THIS SECURITY IS , THE ISSUE PRICE (AS DEFINED IN TREASURY REGULATION SECTION 1.1273-2) OF THIS SECURITY IS , THE ISSUE DATE (AS DEFINED IN SECTION 1275(a)(2) OF THE CODE AND TREASURY REGULATION SECTION 1.1273-2) OF THIS SECURITY IS AND THE YIELD TO MATURITY OF THIS SECURITY IS ). 10 18 Kennametal Inc. ........................ No. ________ ($)________ Kennametal Inc., a corporation duly organized and existing under the laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania (herein called the "Company," which term includes any successor corporation under the Indenture hereinafter referred to), for value received, hereby promises to pay to , or registered assigns, the principal sum of $ on . (If the Security is to bear interest prior to Maturity, insert --, and to pay interest thereon from _______________ or from the most recent Interest Payment Date to which interest has been paid or duly provided for, (semi-annually) (quarterly) (monthly) in arrears on and in each year, commencing , at the rate of % per annum, until the principal hereof is paid or made available for payment (If applicable insert--, and (to the extent that the payment of such interest shall be legally enforceable) at the rate of % per annum on any overdue principal and premium and on any overdue installment of interest). The interest so payable, and punctually paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment Date will, as provided in such Indenture, be paid to the Person in whose name this Security (or one or more Predecessor Securities) is registered at the close of business on the Regular Record Date for such interest, which shall be the of (whether or not a Business Day), as the case maybe, next preceding such Interest Payment Date. Any such interest not so punctually paid or duly provided for will forthwith cease to be payable to the Holder on such Regular Record Date and may either be paid to the Person in whose name this Security (or one or more Predecessor Securities) is registered at the close of business on a Special Record Date for the payment of such Defaulted Interest to be fixed by the Trustee, notice whereof shall be given to Holders of Securities of this series not less than 10 days prior to such Special Record Date, or be paid at any time in any other lawful manner not inconsistent with the requirements of any securities exchange on which the Securities of this series may be listed, and upon such notice as may be required by such exchange, all as more fully provided in said Indenture.) (If the Security is not to bear interest prior to Maturity, insert--The principal of this Security shall not bear interest except in the case of a default in payment of principal upon acceleration, upon redemption or at Stated Maturity and in such case the overdue principal of this Security shall bear interest at the rate of % per annum (to the extent that the payment of such interest shall be legally enforceable), which shall accrue from the date of such default in payment to the date payment of such principal has been made or duly provided for. Interest on any overdue principal shall be payable on demand. Any such interest on any overdue principal that is not so paid on demand shall bear interest at the rate of % per annum (to the extent that the payment of such interest shall be legally enforceable), which shall accrue from the date of such demand for payment to the date payment of such interest has been made or duly provided for, and such interest shall also be payable on demand.) Payment of the principal of, and premium, if any, and (if applicable, insert--any such) interest on this Security will be made at the office or agency of the Company maintained for that purpose in , in Dollars (if applicable, insert--; provided, however, that at the option of the Company payment of interest may be made by check mailed to the address of the Person entitled thereto as such address shall appear in the Security Register). Reference is hereby made to the further provisions of this Security set forth on the reverse hereof, which further provisions shall for all purposes have the same effect as if set forth at this place. Unless the certificate of authentication hereon has been executed by the Trustee referred to on the reverse hereof by manual signature, this Security shall not be entitled to any benefit under the Indenture or be valid or obligatory for any purpose. 11 19 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this instrument to be duly executed under its corporate seal. Kennametal Inc. By: _________________________________________ Attest: - ----------------------------------- (SEAL) SECTION 203. Form of Reverse of Security. This Security is one of a duly authorized issue of securities of the Company (herein called the "Securities"), issued and to be issued in one or more series under an Indenture, dated as of __________ , 1998 (herein called the "Indenture"), between the Company and The First National Bank of Chicago as Trustee (herein called the "Trustee," which term includes any successor trustee under the Indenture), to which Indenture and all indentures supplemental thereto reference is hereby made for a statement of the respective rights, limitations of rights, duties and immunities thereunder of the Company, the Trustee and the Holders of the Securities and of the terms upon which the Securities are, and are to be, authenticated and delivered. This Security is one of the series designated on the face hereof (limited in aggregate principal amount to $ ). (If applicable, insert--The Securities of this series are subject to redemption upon not less than 30 nor more than 45 days' notice by first class mail, (if applicable, insert--(1) on in any year commencing with the year ____ and ending with the year through operation of the sinking fund for this series at a Redemption Price equal to 100% of the principal amount, and (2)) at any time (on or after ,), as a whole or in part, at the election of the Company, at the following Redemption Prices (expressed as percentages of the principal amount): If redeemed (on or before , %, and if redeemed) during the 12-month period beginning of the years indicated, Year Redemption Price Year Redemption Price and thereafter at a Redemption Price equal to _______ of the principal amount, together in the case of any such redemption (if applicable, insert -- (whether through operation of the sinking fund or otherwise)) with accrued and unpaid interest to the Redemption Date, but interest installments whose Stated Maturity is on or prior to such Redemption Date will be payable to the Holders of such Securities, or one or more Predecessor Securities, of record at the close of business on the relevant Record Dates referred to on the face hereof, all as provided in the Indenture.) (If applicable, insert -- The Securities of this series are subject to redemption upon not less than 30 nor more than 45 days' notice by first class mail, (1) on in any year commencing with the year and ending with the year through operation of the sinking fund for this series at the Redemption Prices for redemption through operation of the sinking fund (expressed as percentages of the principal amount) set forth in the table below, and (2) at any time (on or after ____________), as a whole or in part, at the election of the Company, at the Redemption 12 20 Prices for redemption otherwise than through operation of the sinking fund (expressed as percentages of the principal amount) set forth in the table below: If redeemed during a 12-month period beginning of the years indicated, Redemption Price for Redemption Price for Redemption Through Redemption Otherwise Operation of the Than Through Operation Year Sinking Fund of the Sinking Fund and thereafter at a Redemption Price equal to % of the principal amount, together in the case of any such redemption (whether through operation of the sinking fund or otherwise) with accrued and unpaid interest to the Redemption Date, but interest installments whose Stated Maturity is on or prior to such Redemption Date will be payable to the Holders of such Securities, or one or more Predecessor Securities, of record at the close of business on the relevant Record Dates referred to on the face hereof, all as provided in the Indenture.) (Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company may not, prior to redeem any Securities of this series as contemplated by (clause (2) of) the preceding paragraph as a part of, or in anticipation of, any refunding operation by the application, directly or indirectly, of moneys borrowed having an interest cost to the Company (calculated in accordance with generally accepted financial practice) of less than % per annum.) (The sinking fund for this series provides for the redemption on in each year beginning with the year and ending with the year of (not less than) $ (("mandatory sinking fund") and not more than $ aggregate principal amount of Securities of this series.) (Securities of this series acquired or redeemed by the Company otherwise than through (mandatory) sinking fund payments may be credited against subsequent (mandatory) sinking fund payments otherwise required to be made--in the (inverse) order in which they become due.) (In the event of redemption of this Security in part only a new Security or Securities of this series for the unredeemed portion hereof will be issued in the name of the Holder hereof upon the cancellation hereof.) (If the Security is not an Original Issue Discount Security, insert -- If any Event of Default with respect to Securities of this series shall occur and be continuing, the principal of the Securities of this series may be declared due and payable in the manner and with the effect provided in the Indenture.) (If the Security is an Original Issue Discount Security, insert -- If an Event of Default with respect to Securities of this series shall occur and be continuing, an amount of principal of the Securities of this series may be declared due and payable in the manner and with the effect provided in the Indenture. Such amount shall be equal -- insert formula for determining the amount.) Upon payment (i) of the amount of principal so declared due and payable and (ii) of interest on any overdue principal and overdue interest (in each case to the extent that the payment of such interest shall be legally enforceable), all of the Company's obligations in respect of the payment of the principal of and interest, if any, on the Securities of this series shall terminate. This Security is a senior unsecured obligation of the Company and will rank pari passu in right of payment with all other senior unsecured obligations of the Company. This Security is subject to Defeasance as described in the Indenture. The Indenture may be modified by the Company and the Trustee without consent of any Holder with respect to certain matters as described in the Indenture. In addition, the Indenture permits, with certain exceptions as therein provided, the amendment thereof and the modification of the rights and obligations of the Company and the rights of the Holders of the Securities of each series to be affected under the Indenture at any time by the Company and the Trustee with the consent of the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Securities at the time Outstanding 13 21 of each series to be affected. The Indenture also contains provisions permitting the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Securities of each series at the time Outstanding, on behalf of the Holders of all Securities of such series, to waive compliance by the Company with certain provisions of the Indenture and certain past defaults under the Indenture and their consequences. Any such consent or waiver by the Holder of this Security shall bind such Holder and all future Holders of this Security and of any Security issued upon the registration of transfer hereof or in exchange hereof or in lieu hereof, whether or not notation of such consent or waiver is made upon this Security. No reference herein to the Indenture and no provision of this Security or of the Indenture shall alter or impair the obligation of the Company, which is absolute and unconditional, to pay the principal of, and premium, if any, and interest on this Security at the times, place and rate, and in the coin or currency, herein prescribed. As provided in the Indenture and subject to certain limitations therein set forth, the transfer of this Security is registrable in the Security Register, upon surrender of this Security for registration of transfer at the office or agency of the Company in any place where the principal of (and premium, if any) and interest on this Security are payable, duly endorsed by, or accompanied by a written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Company and the Security Registrar duly executed by the Holder hereof or his attorney duly authorized in writing, and thereupon one or more new Securities of this series, of authorized denominations and for the same Stated Maturity and aggregate principal amount, will be issued to the designated transferee or transferees. The Securities of this series are issuable only in registered form without coupons in denominations of ($1,000) and any integral multiple thereof. As provided in the Indenture and subject to certain limitations therein set forth, Securities of this series are exchangeable for a like aggregate principal amount of Securities of this series of a different authorized denomination, as requested by the Holder surrendering the same. No service charge shall be made for any such registration of transfer or exchange, but the Company may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge payable in connection therewith. Prior to due presentment of this Security for registration of transfer, the Company, the Trustee and any agent of the Company or the Trustee may treat the Person in whose name this Security is registered as the owner hereof for all purposes, whether or not this Security be overdue, and neither the Company, the Trustee nor any such agent shall be affected by notice to the contrary. The Indenture imposes certain limitations on the ability of the Company to, among other things, merge or consolidate with any other Person or sell, assign, transfer or lease all or substantially all of its properties or assets (If other covenants are applicable pursuant to the provisions of Section 301, insert here). All such covenants and limitations are subject to a number of important qualifications and exceptions. The Company must report periodically to the Trustee on compliance with the covenants in the Indenture. A director, officer, employee or stockholder, as such, of the Company shall not have any liability for any obligations of the Company under this Security or the Indenture or for any claim based on, in respect of or by reason of, such obligations or their creation. Each Holder, by accepting a Security, waives and releases all such liability. The waiver and release are part of the consideration for the issuance of this Security. (If applicable, insert -- Pursuant to a recommendation promulgated by the Committee on Uniform Security Identification Procedures ("CUSIP"), the Company has caused CUSIP numbers to be printed on the Securities of this series as a convenience to the Holders of the Securities of this series. No representation is made as to the correctness or accuracy of such numbers as printed on the Securities of this series and reliance may be placed only on the other identification numbers printed hereon.) All capitalized terms used in this Security without definition which are defined in the Indenture shall have the meanings assigned to them in the Indenture. 14 22 ASSIGNMENT FORM To assign this Security, fill in the form below: (I) or (we) assign and transfer this Security to - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (Insert assignee's social security or tax I.D. number) - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (Print or type assignee's name, address and zip code) and irrevocably appoint -------------------------------------------------------- agent to transfer this Security on the books of the Company. The agent may substitute another to act for him. Dated: ________________ Your Signature: ______________________________________ (Sign exactly as your name appears on the other side of this Security) Signature Guaranty: ___________________________________________________________ (Signatures must be guaranteed by an "eligible guarantor institution" meeting the requirements of the Transfer Agent, which requirements will include membership or participation in STAMP or such other "signature guarantee program" as may be determined by the Transfer Agent in addition to, or in substitution for, STAMP all in accordance with the Exchange Act.) Social Security Number or Taxpayer Identification Number: ______________________ SECTION 204. Form of Trustee's Certificate of Authentication. Dated: ____________________ This is one of the Securities of the series designated therein referred to in the within-mentioned Indenture. ------------------------------- as Trustee By: -------------------------- Authorized Signatory SECTION 205. Securities in Global Form. If Securities of a series are issuable in global form, as contemplated by Section 301, then, notwithstanding the provisions of Section 302, any such Security shall represent such of the Outstanding Securities of such series as shall be specified therein and may provide that it shall represent the aggregate amount of Outstanding Securities from 15 23 time to time endorsed thereon and that the aggregate amount of Outstanding Securities represented thereby may from time to time be reduced to reflect exchanges. Any endorsement of a Security in global form to reflect the amount, or any increase or decrease in the amount, of Outstanding Securities represented thereby shall be made in such manner and upon instructions given by such Person or Persons as shall be specified therein or in the Company Order to be delivered to the Trustee pursuant to Section 303 or Section 304. Subject to the provisions of Section 303 and, if applicable, Section 304, the Trustee shall deliver and redeliver any Security in permanent global form in the manner and upon instructions given by the Person or Persons specified therein or in the applicable Company Order. If a Company Order pursuant to Section 303 or 304 has been, or simultaneously is, delivered, any instructions by the Company with respect to endorsement or delivery or redelivery of a Security in global form shall be in writing but need not comply with Section 102 and need not be accompanied by an Opinion of Counsel. The provisions of Section 309 shall apply to any Security represented by a Security in global form if such Security was never issued and sold by the Company and the Company delivers to the Trustee the Security in global form together with written instructions (which need not comply with Section 102 and need not be accompanied by an Opinion of Counsel) with regard to the reduction in the principal amount of Securities represented thereby. Notwithstanding the provisions of Sections 201 and 307, unless otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 301, payment of principal of, premium, if any, and interest on any Security in permanent global form shall be made to the Person or Persons specified therein. Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 308 and except as provided in the preceding paragraph, the Company, the Trustee and any agent of the Company and the Trustee shall treat a Person as the Holder of such principal amount of Outstanding Securities represented by a permanent global Security as shall be specified in a written statement of the Holder of such permanent global Security. SECTION 206. CUSIP Number. The Company in issuing Securities of any series may use a "CUSIP" number, and, if so, the Trustee may use the CUSIP number in notices of redemption or exchange as a convenience to Holders of such series; provided, that any such notice may state that no representation is made as to the correctness or accuracy of the CUSIP number printed on the notice or on the Securities of such series, and that reliance may be placed only on the other identification numbers printed on the Securities, and any such redemption shall not be affected by any defect in or omission of such numbers. The Company will promptly notify the Trustee of any change in the CUSIP number of any series of Securities. SECTION 207. Form of Legend for the Securities in Global Form. Any Security in global form authenticated and delivered hereunder shall bear a legend in substantially the following form: "This Security is in global form within the meaning of the Indenture hereinafter referred to and is registered in the name of a Common Depositary or a U.S. Depositary. Unless and until it is exchanged in whole or in part for Securities in certificated form, this Security may not be transferred except as a whole by the Common Depositary or a U.S. Depositary or by a nominee of the Common Depositary or a nominee of the U.S. Depositary as the case may be." ARTICLE 3 THE SECURITIES SECTION 301. Amount Unlimited; Issuable in Series. The aggregate principal amount of Securities which may be authenticated and delivered under this Indenture is unlimited. 16 24 The Securities may be issued from time to time in one or more series. There shall be established in or pursuant to a Board Resolution, and set forth in an Officer's Certificate, or established in one or more indentures supplemental hereto, prior to the issuance of Securities of any series: (1) the title of the Securities of the series (which shall distinguish the Securities of the series from all other Securities); (2) any limit upon the aggregate principal amount of the Securities of the series which may be authenticated and delivered under this Indenture (except for Securities authenticated and delivered upon registration of transfer of, or in exchange for, or in lieu of, other Securities of the series pursuant to Sections 304, 305, 306, 906 or 1107); (3) whether any Securities of the series are to be issuable in permanent global form with or without coupons and, if so, (i) whether beneficial owners of interests in any such permanent global security may exchange such interests for Securities of such series and of like tenor of any authorized form and denomination and the circumstances under which any such exchanges may occur, if other than in the manner provided in Section 305, and (ii) the name of the Common Depositary (as defined in Section 304) or the U.S. Depositary, as the case may be, with respect to any global security; (4) the date or dates on which the principal of the Securities of the series is payable; (5) the rate or rates at which the Securities of the series shall bear interest (including reset rates, if any, and the method by which such rate will be determined), if any, the date or dates from which such interest shall accrue, the Interest Payment Dates on which such interest shall be payable and the Regular Record Date for the interest payable on any Interest Payment Date and, if applicable to such series of Securities, the basis points and United States Treasury rate(s) and any other rates or other methods to be used in calculating the reset rate; (6) the place or places where the principal of (and premium, if any) and interest on Securities of the series shall be payable and where the Company will maintain an office or agency where Securities may be presented for registration of transfer or exchange and the place or places where notices and demands to or upon the Company in respect of Securities and the Indenture may be made; (7) the right of the Company, if any, to defer any payment of principal of, premium, or interest on the Securities of the series, and the maximum length of any such deferral period which shall not exceed the Stated Maturity for the final installment of principal on the Securities of such series; (8) the period or periods within which, the price or prices at which the currency or currency units and the terms and conditions upon which Securities of the series may be redeemed, in whole or in part, at the option of the Company, pursuant to any sinking fund or otherwise; (9) the obligation, if any, of the Company to redeem or purchase Securities of the series pursuant to any sinking fund or analogous provisions or at the option of a Holder thereof and the period or periods within which, the price or prices at which, the currency or currency units and the terms and conditions upon which Securities of the series shall be redeemed or purchased, in whole or in part, pursuant to such obligation, and, where applicable, the obligation of the Company to select the Securities to be redeemed; (10) if other than denominations of $1,000 and any integral multiple thereof, the denominations in which Securities of the series shall be issuable; (11) if other than the principal amount thereof, the portion of the principal amount of Securities of the series which shall be payable upon declaration of acceleration of the Maturity thereof pursuant to Section 502; (12) any additions, modifications or deletions in the Events of Default with respect to Securities of the series, if any, other than those set forth herein; 17 25 (13) if either or both of Section 1302 and Section 1303 shall be inapplicable to the Securities of the series (provided that if no such inapplicability shall be specified, then both Section 1302 and Section 1303 shall be applicable to the Securities of the series); (14) if other than U.S. dollars, the currency or currencies or units based on or related to currencies in which the Securities of such series shall be denominated and in which payments or principal of, and any premium and interest on, such Securities shall or may by payable; (15) additions, modifications or deletions of the Company's covenants with respect to Securities of the series, if any, other than those set forth herein; (16) any index or indices used to determine the amount of payments of principal of any premium, if any, on such securities and the manner in which such amounts will be determined; (17) if other than the Trustee, the identity of the Registrar and any Paying Agent; (18) the appointment of a Person as a Trustee which meets the requirements of Section 609 with respect to Securities of the series; (19) any index or indices used to determine the amounts of payments of principal of an premium, if any, on the Securities and the manner in which such amounts will be determined; (20) the terms and conditions of any obligation or right of the Company or a Holder to exchange or convert Securities into other securities; (21) any other terms of the series (which terms shall not be inconsistent with the provisions of this Indenture). All Securities of any one series shall be substantially identical except as to denomination and except as may otherwise be provided in or pursuant to such Board Resolution and set forth in such Officer's Certificate or in any such Indenture supplemental hereto. If any of the terms of the series are established by action taken pursuant to a Board Resolution, a copy of an appropriate record of such action shall be certified by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company and delivered to the Trustee at or prior to the delivery of the Officer's Certificate setting forth, or providing the manner for determining, the terms of the Securities of such series. SECTION 302. Denominations. The Securities of each series shall be issuable in registered form without coupons in such denominations as shall be specified as contemplated by Section 301. In the absence of any such provisions with respect to the Securities of any series, the Securities of such series shall be issuable in denominations of $1,000 and any integral multiple thereof. SECTION 303. Execution, Authentication, Delivery and Dating. The Securities shall be executed on behalf of the Company by its Chairman of the Board, its Vice Chairman of the Board, its President or one of its Vice Presidents, under its corporate seal reproduced thereon attested by its Secretary or one of its Assistant Secretaries. The signature of any of these officers on the Securities may be manual or facsimile. The seal of the Company may be in the form of a facsimile thereof and may be impressed, affixed, imprinted or otherwise reproduced on the Securities. Typographical and other minor errors or defects in any such reproduction of the seal or any such signature shall not affect the validity or enforceability of any security that has been duly authenticated and delivered by the Trustee. Securities bearing the manual or facsimile signatures of individuals who were at any time the proper officers of the Company shall bind the Company, notwithstanding that such individuals or any of them have ceased to hold 18 26 such offices prior to the authentication and delivery of such Securities or did not hold such offices at the date of such Securities. At any time and from time to time after the execution and delivery of this Indenture, the Company may deliver Securities of any series executed by the Company to the Trustee for authentication, together with a Company Order for the authentication and delivery of such Securities, and the Trustee in accordance with the Company Order shall authenticate and make such Securities available for delivery. If the form or terms of the Securities of the series have been established in or pursuant to one or more Board Resolutions as permitted by Sections 201 and 301, in authenticating such Securities, and accepting the additional responsibilities under this Indenture in relation to such Securities, the Trustee shall be entitled to receive, and (subject to Sections 315(a) through (d) of the Trust Indenture Act) shall be fully protected in relying upon, an Opinion of Counsel stating, (a) if the form of such Securities has been established by or pursuant to Board Resolution as permitted by Section 201, that such form has been established in conformity with the provisions of this Indenture; (b) if the terms of such Securities have been established by or pursuant to Board Resolution as permitted by Section 301, that such terms have been established in conformity with the provisions of this Indenture; (c) that such Securities, when authenticated and delivered by the Trustee and issued by the Company in the manner and subject to any conditions specified in such Opinion of Counsel, will constitute valid and legally binding obligations of the Company, enforceable in accordance with their terms, except to the extent enforceability may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other similar laws affecting the enforcement of creditors' rights generally and by the effect of general principles of equity (regardless of whether enforceability is considered in a proceeding ln equity or at law); and (d) that no consent, approval, authorization, order, registration or qualification of or with any court or any governmental agency or body having jurisdiction over the Company is required for the execution and delivery of such Securities by the Company, except such as have been obtained (except that no opinion need be expressed as to state securities or Blue Sky laws). If such form or terms have been so established, the Trustee shall not be required to authenticate such Securities if the issue of such Securities pursuant to this Indenture will affect the Trustee's own rights, duties or immunities under the Securities and this Indenture or otherwise in a manner which is not reasonably acceptable to the Trustee, or in the written opinion of counsel to the Trustee (which counsel may be an employee of the Trustee) such authentication may not lawfully be made or would involve the Trustee in personal liability. Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 301 and of the immediately preceding paragraph, if all Securities of a series are not to be originally issued at one time, it shall not be necessary to deliver the Officer's Certificate otherwise required pursuant to Section 301 or the Company Order and Opinion of Counsel otherwise required pursuant to the immediately preceding paragraph at or prior to the time of authentication of each security of such series if such documents are delivered at or prior to the authentication upon original issuance of the first security of such series to be issued. If the Company shall establish pursuant to Section 301 that the Securities of a series are to be issued in the form of one or more global Securities, then the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall, in accordance with this Section and the Company Order with respect to the authentication and delivery of such series, authenticate and deliver one or more global Securities that (i) shall be in an aggregate amount equal to the aggregate principal amount specified in such Company Order, (ii) shall be registered in the name of the Common Depositary or U.S. Depositary, as the case may be, therefor or its nominee, and (iii) shall be made available for delivery by the Trustee to such depositary or pursuant to such depositary's instruction. Each depositary designated pursuant to Section 301 must, at the time of its designation and at all times while it serves as depositary, be a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act and any other applicable statute or regulation. 19 27 Unless otherwise provided for in the form of security, each security shall be dated the date of its authentication. No security shall be entitled to any benefit under this Indenture or be valid or obligatory for any purpose unless there appears on such security a certificate of authentication substantially in the form provided for herein executed by the Trustee by manual signature, and such certificate upon any security shall be conclusive evidence, and the only evidence, that such security has been duly authenticated and delivered hereunder and is entitled to the benefits of this Indenture. SECTION 304. Temporary Securities. Pending the preparation of definitive Securities of any series, the Company may execute, and upon Company Order the Trustee shall authenticate and make available for delivery, temporary Securities which are printed, lithographed, typewritten, mimeographed or otherwise produced, in any authorized denomination, substantially of the tenor of the definitive Securities in lieu of which they are issued and with such appropriate insertions, omissions, substitutions and other variations as the officers executing such Securities may determine, as evidenced by their execution of such Securities. In the case of Securities of any series, such temporary Securities may be in global form, representing all or a portion of the Outstanding Securities of such series. Except in the case of temporary Securities in global form (which shall be exchanged in accordance with the provisions of Section 305), if temporary Securities of any series are issued, the Company will cause definitive Securities of that series to be prepared without unreasonable delay. After the preparation of definitive Securities of such series, the temporary Securities of such series shall be exchangeable for definitive Securities of such series upon surrender of the temporary Securities of such series at the office or agency of the Company in a Place of Payment for that series, without charge to the Holder. Upon surrender for cancellation of any one or more temporary Securities of any series, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and make available for delivery in exchange therefor a like principal amount of definitive Securities of the same series of authorized denominations and of like tenor. Until so exchanged, the temporary Securities of any series shall in all respects be entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture as definitive Securities of such series. If temporary Securities of any series are issued in global form, any such temporary global Security shall, unless otherwise provided therein, be delivered to the office of a depositary or common depositary (the "COMMON DEPOSITARY") for credit to the respective accounts of the beneficial owners of such Securities (or to such other accounts as they may direct). SECTION 305. Registration, Registration of Transfer and Exchange. The Company shall cause to be kept at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee a register (the register maintained in such office and in any other office or agency of the Company in a Place of Payment being herein sometimes collectively referred to as the "Security Register") in which, subject to such reasonable regulations as it may prescribe, the Company shall provide for the registration of Securities and of registration of transfers of Securities. The Trustee is hereby appointed "Security Registrar" for the purpose of registering Securities and transfers of Securities as herein provided. Upon surrender for registration of transfer of any security of any series at the office or agency of the Company in Place of Payment for that series, the Company shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and make available for delivery, in the name of the designated transferee or transferees, one or more new Securities of the same series, of any authorized denominations and of a like aggregate principal amount and Stated Maturity. At the option of the Holder, Securities of any series may be exchanged for other Securities of the same series, of any authorized denominations and of a like aggregate principal amount and Stated Maturity, upon surrender of the Securities to be exchanged at such office or agency. Whenever any Securities are so surrendered for exchange, the Company shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and make available for delivery, the Securities which the Holder making the exchange is entitled to receive. 20 28 Notwithstanding the foregoing, except as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 301, any permanent global security shall be exchangeable only as provided in this paragraph. If the beneficial owners of interests in a permanent global security are entitled to exchange such interests for Securities of such series and of like tenor and principal amount of another authorized form and denomination, as specified and as subject to the conditions contemplated by Section 301, then without unnecessary delay but in any event not later than the earliest date on which such interests may be so exchanged, the Company shall deliver to the Trustee definitive Securities of that series in aggregate principal amount equal to the principal amount of such permanent global security, executed by the Company. On or after the earliest date on which such interests may be so exchanged, such permanent global Securities shall be surrendered from time to time by the Common Depositary or the U.S. Depositary, as the case may be, and in accordance with instructions given to the Trustee and the Common Depositary or the U.S. Depositary, as the case may be (which instructions shall be in writing but need not comply with Section 102 or be accompanied by an Opinion of Counsel), as shall be specified in the Company Order with respect thereto to the Trustee, as the Company's agent for such purpose, to be exchanged, in whole or in part, for definitive Securities of the same series without charge. The Trustee shall authenticate and make available for delivery, in exchange for each portion of such surrendered permanent global security, a like aggregate principal amount of definitive Securities of the same series of authorized denominations and of like tenor as the portion of such permanent global security to be exchanged which shall be in the form of the Securities of such series; provided, however, that no such exchanges may occur during a period beginning at the opening of business 15 days before the day of the mailing of a notice of redemption of Securities of that series selected for redemption under Section 1103 and ending at the close of business on the day of such mailing. Promptly following any such exchange in part, such permanent global Security shall be returned by the Trustee to the Common Depositary or the U.S. Depositary, as the case may be, or such other Common Depositary or U.S. Depositary referred to above in accordance with the written instructions of the Company referred to above. If a Security in the form specified for such series is issued in exchange for any portion of a permanent global Security after the close of business at the office or agency where such exchange occurs on (i) any Regular Record Date and before the opening of business at such office or agency on the relevant Interest Payment Date, or (ii) any Special Record Date and before the opening of business at such office or agency on the related proposed date for payment of interest or Defaulted Interest, as the case may be, such interest or Defaulted Interest will not be payable on such Interest Payment Date or proposed date for payment, as the case may be, in respect of such security in the form specified for such series, but will be payable on such Interest Payment Date or proposed date for payment, as the case may be, only to the Person to whom interest in respect of such portion of such permanent global Security is payable in accordance with the provisions of this Indenture. All Securities issued upon any registration of transfer or exchange of Securities shall be the valid obligation, of the Company, evidencing the same debt, and entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture, as the Securities surrendered upon such registration of transfer or exchange. Every Security presented or surrendered for registration of transfer or for exchange shall (if so required by the Company or the Trustee) be duly endorsed, or be accompanied by a written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Company and the Security Registrar duly executed, by the Holder thereof or his attorney duly authorized in writing. Unless otherwise provided in the Securities to be transferred or exchanged, no service charge shall be made for any registration of transfer or exchange of Securities, but the Company may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in connection with any registration of transfer or exchange of Securities, other than exchanges pursuant to Section 304, 906 or 1107 not involving any transfer. The Company shall not be required (i) to issue, register the transfer of or exchange Securities of any series during a period beginning at the opening of business 15 days before the day of the mailing of a notice of redemption of Securities of that series selected for redemption under Section 1103 and ending at the close of business on the day of such mailing, or (ii) to register the transfer of or exchange any security so selected for redemption in whole or in part, except the unredeemed portion of any security being redeemed in part. SECTION 306. Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost and Stolen Securities. 21 29 If any mutilated Security is surrendered to the Trustee, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver in exchange therefor a new Security of the same series and of like tenor and principal amount and bearing a number not contemporaneously outstanding. If there shall be delivered to the Company and the Trustee (i) evidence to their satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft of any Security and (ii) such security or indemnity as may be required by them to save each of them and any agent of either of them harmless, then, in the absence of notice to the Company or the Trustee that such Security has been acquired by a bona fide purchaser, the Company shall execute and upon its request the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, in lieu of any such destroyed, lost or stolen Security, a new Security of the same series and of like tenor and principal amount and bearing a number not contemporaneously outstanding. In case any such mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Security has become or is about to become due and payable, the Company in its discretion may, instead of issuing a new Security, pay such Security. Upon the issuance of any new Security under this Section, the Company may require the payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in relation thereto and any other expenses (including the fees and expenses of the Trustee) connected therewith. Every new Security of any series issued pursuant to this Section in lieu of any destroyed, lost or stolen Security shall constitute an original additional contractual obligation of the Company, whether or not the destroyed, lost or stolen Security shall be at any time enforceable by anyone, and shall be entitled to all the benefits of this Indenture equally and proportionately with any and all other Securities of that series duly issued hereunder. The provisions of this Section are exclusive and shall preclude (to the extent lawful) all other rights and remedies with respect to the replacement or payment of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Securities. SECTION 307. Payment of Interest; Interest Rights Preserved. Interest on any Security which is payable, and is punctually paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment Date shall be paid at the Place of Payment to the Person in whose name that Security (or one or more Predecessor Securities) is registered at the close of business on the Regular Record Date for such interest, except that at the option of the Company payment may be made (i) except in the case of a global Security by check mailed to the address of the Person entitled thereto as such address appears in the Securities Registrar or (ii) by transfer to an account maintained by the Person entitled thereto as specified in the Securities Registrar provided that proper transfer instructions have been received by the Regular Record Date. Any interest on any Security of any series which is payable, but is not punctually paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment Date (herein called "Defaulted Interest") shall forthwith cease to be payable to the Holder on the relevant Regular Record Date by virtue of having been such Holder, and such Defaulted Interest may be paid by the Company, at its election in each case, as provided in Clause (1) or (2) below: (1) The Company may elect to make payment of any Defaulted Interest to the Persons in whose names the Securities of such series (or their respective Predecessor Securities) are registered at the close of business on a Special Record Date for the payment of such Defaulted Interest, which shall be fixed in the following manner. The Company shall notify the Trustee in writing of the amount of Defaulted Interest proposed to be paid on each Security of such series and the date of the proposed payment, and at the same time the Company shall deposit with the Trustee an amount of money equal to the aggregate amount proposed to be paid in respect of such Defaulted Interest or shall make arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for such deposit prior to the date of the proposed payment, such money when deposited to be held in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled to such Defaulted Interest as in this Section 307 provided. Thereupon the Trustee shall fix a Special Record Date for the payment of such Defaulted Interest which shall be not more than 15 days and not less than 10 days prior to the date of the proposed payment and not less than 10 days after the receipt by the Trustee of the notice of the proposed payment. The Trustee shall promptly notify the Company of such Special Record Date and, in the name and at the expense of the Company, shall cause notice of the proposed payment of such Defaulted Interest and the Special Record Date therefor to be mailed, first-class postage prepaid, to each Holder of Securities of such series at his address as it appears in the Security Register, not less than 10 days prior to such Special Record Date. Notice of the proposed payment of such Defaulted Interest and the Special 22 30 Record Date therefor having been so mailed, such Defaulted Interest shall be paid to the Persons in whose names the Securities of such series (or their respective Predecessor Securities) are registered at the close of business on such Special Record Date and shall no longer be payable pursuant to the following Clause (2). (2) The Company may make payment of any Defaulted Interest on the Securities of any series in any other lawful manner not inconsistent with the requirements of any securities exchange on which such Securities may be listed, and upon such notice as may be required by such exchange, if, after notice given by the Company to the Trustee of the proposed payment pursuant to this Section 307, such manner of payment shall be deemed practicable by the Trustee. Subject to the foregoing provisions of this Section, each Security delivered under this Indenture upon registration of transfer of or in exchange for or in lieu of any other Security shall carry the rights to interest accrued and unpaid, and to accrue, which were carried by such other Security. SECTION 308. Persons Deemed Owners. Prior to due presentment of a Security for registration of transfer, the Company, the Trustee and any agent of the Company or the Trustee may treat the Person in whose name such Security is registered as the owner of such Security for the purpose of receiving payment of principal of (and premium, if any) and (subject to Section 307) interest on such Security and for all other purposes whatsoever, whether or not such Security be overdue, and neither the Company, the Trustee nor any agent of the Company or the Trustee shall be affected by notice to the contrary. None of the Company, the Trustee or any agent of the Company or the Trustee shall have any responsibility or liability for any aspect of the records relating to or payments made on account of beneficial ownership interest of a Security in global form, or for maintaining, supervising or reviewing any records relating to such beneficial ownership interest. Notwithstanding the foregoing, with respect to any Security in global form, nothing herein shall prevent the Company or the Trustee or any agent of the Company or the Trustee from giving effect to any written certification, proxy or other authorization furnished by any U.S. Depositary or Common Depositary (or its nominee), as a Holder, with respect to such Security in global form or impair, as between such U.S. Depositary or Common Depositary and owners of beneficial interests in such Security in global form, the operation of customary practices governing the exercise of the right of such U.S. Depositary or Common Depositary (or its nominee) as holder of such Security in global form. SECTION 309. Cancellation. All Securities surrendered for payment, redemption, registration of transfer or exchange or for credit against any sinking fund payment shall, if surrendered to any Person other than the Trustee, be delivered to the Trustee and shall be promptly cancelled by it. The Company may at any time deliver to the Trustee for cancellation any Securities previously authenticated and delivered hereunder which the Company may have acquired in any manner whatsoever, and all Securities so delivered shall be promptly cancelled by the Trustee. No Securities shall be authenticated in lieu of or in exchange for any Securities cancelled as provided in this Section, except as expressly permitted by this Indenture. All cancelled Securities shall be held by the Trustee and may be destroyed (and, if so destroyed, certification of their destruction shall be delivered to the Company upon its request, unless, by a Company Order, the Company shall direct that cancelled Securities be returned to it). SECTION 310. Computation of Interest. Except as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 301 for Securities of any series, interest on the Securities of each series shall be computed on the basis of a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months. ARTICLE 4 SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE SECTION 401. Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture. 23 31 This Indenture shall cease to be of further effect (except as to any surviving rights of registration of transfer or exchange of Securities herein expressly provided for or in the form of Security for such series), when the Trustee, upon Company Request and at the expense of the Company, shall execute proper instruments acknowledging satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture, when (1) either (A) all Securities theretofore authenticated and delivered (other than (i) Securities which have been destroyed, lost or stolen and which have been replaced or paid as provided in Section 306 and (ii) Securities for whose payment money has theretofore been deposited in trust or segregated and held in trust by the Company and thereafter repaid to the Company or discharged from such trust, as provided in Section 1009) have been delivered to the Trustee for cancellation; or (B) all such Securities not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation (i) have become due and payable, or (ii) will become due and payable at their Stated Maturity within one year, or (iii) are to be called for redemption within one year under arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for the giving of notice of redemption by the Trustee in the name, and at the expense, of the Company, and the Company, in the case of (i), (ii) or (iii) above, has deposited with the Trustee as trust funds in trust for the purpose an amount sufficient to pay and discharge the entire indebtedness on such Securities not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation, for principal (and premium, if any) and interest to the date of such deposit (in the case of Securities which have become due and payable) or the Stated Maturity or Redemption Date, as the case may be; (2) the Company has paid or caused to be paid all other sums payable hereunder by the Company; and (3) the Company has delivered to the Trustee an Officer's Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions precedent provided for herein relating to the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture have been complied with. Notwithstanding the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture, the obligations of the Company to the Trustee under Section 607, the obligations of the Company to any Authenticating Agent under Section 614 and, if money shall have been deposited with the Trustee pursuant to subclause (B) of clause (1) of this Section, the obligations of the Trustee under Section 402 and the last paragraph of Section 1009 shall survive. SECTION 402. Application of Trust Money. Subject to the provisions of the last paragraph of Section 1009, all money deposited with the Trustee pursuant to Section 401 shall be held in trust and applied by it, in accordance with the provisions of the Securities and this Indenture, to the payment, either directly or through any Paying Agent (including the Company acting as its own Paying Agent) as the Trustee may determine, to the Persons entitled thereto, of the principal (and premium, if any) and interest for whose payment such money has been deposited with or received by the Trustee. ARTICLE 5 REMEDIES SECTION 501. Events of Default. "EVENT OF DEFAULT," wherever used herein with respect to Securities of any series, means any one of the following events (whatever the reason for such Event of Default and whether it shall be voluntary or involuntary or to be effected by operation of law or pursuant to any judgment, decree or order of any court or any order, rule or regulation of any administrative or governmental body): 24 32 (1) the Company defaults in the payment of interest on any Security of that series when such interest becomes due and payable and the default continues for a period of 30 days; provided, however, that if the Company is permitted by the terms of the Securities of the applicable series to defer the payment in question, the date on which such payment is due and payable shall be the date on which the Company is required to make payment following such deferral, if such deferral has been elected pursuant to the terms of the Securities; or (2) the Company defaults in the payment of the principal of (or premium, if any, on) any Security of that series when the same becomes due and payable at Maturity, upon redemption (including redemptions under Article 11), or otherwise; provided, however, that if the Company is permitted by the terms of the Securities of the applicable series to defer the payment in question, the date on which such payment is due and payable shall be the date on which the Company is required to make payment following such deferral, if such deferral has been elected pursuant to the terms of the Securities; or (3) the Company fails to observe or perform in any material respect any of its other covenants, warranties or agreements in the Securities of that series or this Indenture (other than a covenant, agreement or warranty a default in whose performance or whose breach is elsewhere in this Section specifically dealt with or which has expressly been included in this Indenture solely for the benefit of series of Securities other than that series), and the failure to observe or perform continues for the period and after the notice specified in the last paragraph of this Section; or (4) any event of default, as defined in any other indenture, mortgage, or instrument under which there may be issued, or by which there may be secured or evidenced, any Indebtedness of the Company (whether such Indebtedness now exists or shall hereafter be created or incurred) shall occur and shall consist of default in the payment of such Indebtedness at the maturity thereof (after giving effect to any applicable grace period) or shall result in Indebtedness becoming or being declared due and payable prior to the date on which it would otherwise become due and payable, and such default in payment is not cured or such acceleration shall not be rescinded or annulled within 30 days after written notice to the Company from the Trustee or to the Company and to the Trustee from the Holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of that series at the time outstanding; provided that it shall not be an Event of Default if the principal amount of Indebtedness (other than Indebtedness represented by Securities issued pursuant to this Indenture) which is not paid at maturity or the maturity of which is accelerated is less than or equal to $25 million provided further that if, prior to a declaration of acceleration of the maturity of the Securities of that series or the entry of judgment in favor of the Trustee in a suit pursuant to Section 503, such default shall be remedied or cured by the Company or waived by the holders of such Indebtedness, then the Event of Default hereunder by reason thereof shall be deemed likewise to have been thereupon remedied, cured or waived without further action upon the part of either the Trustee or any of the Holders of the Securities of that series, and provided further, that, subject to Sections 601 and 602, the Trustee shall not be charged with knowledge of any such default unless written notice of such default shall have been given to the Trustee by the Company, by a holder or an agent of a holder of any such Indebtedness, by the trustee then acting under any indenture or other instrument under which such default shall have occurred, or by the Holders of at least five percent in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of that series at the time Outstanding; or (5) the Company pursuant to or within the meaning of any Bankruptcy Law (A) commences a voluntary case or proceeding under any Bankruptcy Law with respect to itself, (B) consents to the entry of a judgment, decree or order for relief against it in an involuntary case or proceeding under any Bankruptcy Law, (C) consents to or acquiesces in the institution of bankruptcy or insolvency proceedings against it, (D) applies for, consents to or acquiesces in the appointment of or taking possession by a Custodian of the Company or for any material part of its property, (E) makes a general assignment for the benefit of its creditors or (F) takes any corporate action in furtherance of or to facilitate, conditionally or otherwise, any of the foregoing; or (6) (i) a court of competent jurisdiction enters a judgment, decree or order for relief in respect of the Company in an involuntary case or proceeding under any Bankruptcy Law which shall (A) approve as properly filed a petition seeking reorganization, arrangement, adjustment or composition in respect of the Company, (B) appoint a Custodian of the Company or for any material part of its property, or (C) order the winding-up or liquidation of its affairs, and such judgment, decree or order shall remain unstayed and in effect for a period of 60 consecutive days; or (ii) any bankruptcy or insolvency petition or application is filed, or any bankruptcy or insolvency proceeding is commenced against the Company and such petition, application or proceeding is not dismissed within 60 days; or 25 33 (iii) a warrant of attachment is issued against any material portion of the property of the Company which is not released within 60 days of service; or (7) any other Event of Default provided with respect to Securities of that series. A Default under clause (3) above is not an Event of Default until the Trustee or the Holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of that series notify the Company of the Default and the Company does not cure the Default within 90 days after receipt of the notice. The notice must specify the Default, demand that it be remedied and state that the notice is a "Notice of Default." When a Default under clause (3) above is cured within such 90-day period, it ceases. SECTION 502. Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission and Annulment. If an Event of Default with respect to Securities of any series (other than an Event of Default specified in clause (5) or (6) of Section 501) occurs and is continuing, the Trustee by notice in writing to the Company, or the Holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of that series by notice in writing to the Company and the Trustee, may declare the unpaid principal of and accrued interest to the date of acceleration (or, if the Securities of that series are Original Issue Discount Securities, such portion of the principal amount as may be specified in the terms of that series) on all the Outstanding Securities of that series to be due and payable immediately and, upon any such declaration, the Outstanding Securities of that series (or specified principal amount) shall become and be immediately due and payable. If an Event of Default specified in clause (5) or (6) of Section 501 occurs, all unpaid principal of and accrued interest on the Outstanding Securities of that series (or specified principal amount) shall ipso facto become and be immediately due and payable without any declaration or other act on the part of the Trustee or any Holder of any Security of that series. Upon payment of all such principal and interest, all of the Company's obligations under the Securities of that series and (upon payment of the Securities of all series) this Indenture shall terminate, except obligations under Section 607. The Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of that series by notice to the Trustee may rescind an acceleration and its consequences if (i) all existing Events of Default, other than the nonpayment of the principal and interest of the Securities of that series that has become due solely by such declaration of acceleration, have been cured or waived, (ii) to the extent the payment of such interest is lawful, interest on overdue installments of interest and overdue principal that has become due otherwise than by such declaration of acceleration have been paid, (iii) the rescission would not conflict with any judgment or decree of a court of competent jurisdiction and (iv) all payments due to the Trustee and any predecessor Trustee under Section 607 have been made. SECTION 503. Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by Trustee. The Company covenants that if: (1) default is made in the payment of any interest on any Security of any series when such interest becomes due and payable and such default continues for a period of 30 days, or (2) default is made in the payment of the principal of (or premium, if any, on) any Security of any series at the Maturity thereof, the Company will, upon demand of the Trustee, pay to it, for the benefit of the Holders of such Securities, the whole amount then due and payable on such Securities for principal (and premium, if any) and interest and, to the extent that payment of such interest shall be legally enforceable, interest on any overdue principal (and premium, if any) and on any overdue interest, at the rate or rates prescribed therefor in such Securities, and, in addition thereto, such further amount as shall be sufficient to cover the reasonable costs and expenses of collection, including the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel. 26 34 If the Company fails to pay such amounts forthwith upon such demand, the Trustee, in its own name and as trustee of an express trust, may institute a judicial proceeding for the collection of the sums so due and unpaid, may prosecute such proceeding to judgment or final decree and may enforce the same against the Company or any other obligor upon such Securities and collect the moneys adjudged or decreed to be payable in the manner provided by law out of the property of the Company or any other obligor upon such Securities, wherever situated. If an Event of Default with respect to Securities of any series occurs and is continuing, the Trustee may in its discretion proceed to protect and enforce its rights and the rights of the Holders of Securities of such series by such appropriate judicial proceedings as the Trustee shall deem most effectual to protect and enforce any such rights, whether for the specific enforcement of any covenant or agreement in this Indenture or in aid of the exercise of any power granted herein, or to secure any other proper remedy. SECTION 504. Trustee May File Proofs of Claim. In case of the pendency of any receivership, insolvency, liquidation, bankruptcy, reorganization, arrangement, adjustment, composition or other judicial proceeding relative to the Company or any other obligor upon the Securities or the property of the Company or of such other obligor or their creditors, the Trustee (irrespective of whether the principal of the Securities shall then be due and payable as therein expressed or by declaration or otherwise and irrespective of whether the Trustee shall have made any demand on the Company for the payment of overdue principal or interest) shall be entitled and empowered, by intervention in such proceeding or otherwise, (i) to file and prove a claim for the whole amount of principal (and premium, if any) and interest owing and unpaid in respect of the Securities and to file such other papers or documents as may be necessary or advisable in order to have the claims of the Trustee (including any claim for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agent and counsel) and of the Holders allowed in such judicial proceedings, and (ii) to collect and receive any moneys or other property payable or deliverable on any such claims and to distribute the same; and any custodian, receiver, assignee, trustee, liquidator, sequestrator or other similar official in any such judicial proceeding is hereby authorized by each Holder to make such payments to the Trustee and, in the event that the Trustee shall consent to the making of such payments directly to the Holders, to pay to the Trustee any amount due it for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel, and any other amounts due the Trustee under Section 607. Nothing herein contained shall be deemed to authorize the Trustee to authorize or consent to or accept or adopt on behalf of any Holder any plan of reorganization, arrangement, adjustment or composition affecting the Securities or the rights of any Holder thereof or to authorize the Trustee to vote in respect of the claim of any Holder in any such proceeding. SECTION 505. Trustee May Enforce Claims Without Possession of Securities. All rights of action and claims under this Indenture or the Securities may be prosecuted and enforced by the Trustee without the possession of any of the Securities or the production thereof in any proceeding relating thereto, and any such proceeding instituted by the Trustee shall be brought in its own name as trustee of an express trust, and any recovery of judgment shall, after provision for the payment of the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel, be for the ratable benefit of the Holders of the Securities in respect of which such judgment has been recovered. SECTION 506. Application of Money Collected. Any money collected by the Trustee pursuant to this Article in respect of the Securities of any series shall be applied in the following order, at the date or dates fixed by the Trustee and, in case of the distribution of such money on account of principal (or premium, if any) or interest, upon presentation of the Securities in respect of which moneys have been collected and the notation thereon of the payment if only partially paid and upon surrender thereof if fully paid: 27 35 First: To the payment of all amounts due the Trustee under Section 607 applicable to such series; Second: To the payment of the amounts then due and unpaid for principal of (and premium, if any) and interest on the Securities of such series in respect of which or for the benefit of which such money has been collected, ratably, without preference or priority of any kind, according to the amounts due and payable on such Securities of such series for principal (and premium, if any) and interest, respectively; and Third: To the Company. The Trustee may fix a record date and payment date for any payment to Holders pursuant to this Section 506. At least fifteen (15) days before such record date, the Trustee shall mail to each Holder and the Company a notice that states the record date, the payment date and the amount to be paid. SECTION 507. Limitation on Suits. No Holder of any Security of any series shall have any right to institute any proceeding, judicial or otherwise, with respect to this Indenture, or for the appointment of a receiver or trustee, or for any other remedy hereunder, unless: (1) such Holder has previously given written notice to the Trustee of a continuing Event of Default with respect to the Securities of that series; (2) the Holders of not less than 25% in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of that series shall have made written request to the Trustee to institute proceedings in respect of such Event of Default in its own name as Trustee hereunder; (3) such Holder or Holders have offered to the Trustee reasonable indemnity against the costs, expenses and liabilities to be incurred in compliance with such request; (4) the Trustee for 60 days after its receipt of such notice, request and offer of indemnity has failed to institute any such proceeding; and (5) no direction inconsistent with such written request has been given to the Trustee during such 60-day period by the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of that series; it being understood and intended that no one or more of Holders of Securities of any series shall have any right in any manner whatever by virtue of, or by availing of, any provision of this Indenture to affect, disturb or prejudice the rights of any other of such Holders, or to obtain or to seek to obtain priority or preference over any other of such Holders or to enforce any right under this Indenture, except in the manner herein provided and for the equal and ratable benefit of all Holders of Securities of the affected series. SECTION 508. Unconditional Right of Holders to Receive Principal, Premium and Interest. Notwithstanding any other provision in this Indenture, the Holder of any Security shall have the right, which is absolute and unconditional, to receive payment of the principal of (and premium, if any) and (subject to Section 307) interest on such Security on the Stated Maturity or Maturities expressed in such Security (or, in the case of redemption, on the Redemption Date) and to institute suit for the enforcement of any such payment, and such rights shall not be impaired without the consent of such Holder. 28 36 SECTION 509. Restoration of Rights and Remedies. If the Trustee or any Holder has instituted any proceeding to enforce any right or remedy under this Indenture and such proceeding has been discontinued or abandoned for any reason, or has been determined adversely to the Trustee or to such Holder, then and in every such case, subject to any determination in such proceeding, the Company, the Trustee and the Holders shall be restored severally and respectively to their former positions hereunder and thereafter all rights and remedies of the Trustee and the Holders shall continue as though no such proceeding has been instituted. SECTION 510. Rights and Remedies Cumulative. Except as otherwise provided with respect to the replacement or payment of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Securities in the last paragraph of Section 306, no right or remedy herein conferred upon or reserved to the Trustee or to the Holders is intended to be exclusive of any other right or remedy, and every right and remedy shall, to the extent permitted by law, be cumulative and in addition to every other right and remedy given hereunder or now or hereafter existing at law or ln equity or otherwise. The assertion or employment of any right or remedy hereunder, or otherwise, shall not prevent the concurrent assertion or employment of any other appropriate right or remedy. SECTION 511. Delay or Omission Not Waiver. No delay or omission of the Trustee or of any Holder of any Securities to exercise any right or remedy accruing upon any Event of Default shall impair any such right or remedy or constitute a waiver of any such Event of Default or an acquiescence therein. Every right and remedy given by this Article or by law to the Trustee or to the Holders may be exercised from time to time, and as often as may be deemed expedient, by the Trustee or by the Holders, as the case may be. SECTION 512. Control by Holders. The Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of any series shall have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred on the Trustee, with respect to the Securities of such series, provided that: (1) such direction shall not be in conflict with any rule of law or with this Indenture; (2) the Trustee may take any other action deemed proper by the Trustee which is not inconsistent with such direction; and (3) subject to Section 601, the Trustee need not take any action which might involve the Trustee in personal liability or be unduly prejudicial to the Holders not joining therein. SECTION 513. Waiver of Past Defaults. The Holders of not less than a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of any series may by written notice to the Trustee on behalf of the Holders of all the Securities of such series waive any Default or Event of Default with respect to such series and its consequences, except a Default or Event of Default (1) in respect of the payment of the principal of (or premium, if any) or interest on any Security of such series, or (2) in respect of a covenant or other provision hereof which under Article Nine cannot be modified or amended without the consent of the Holder of each Outstanding Security of such series affected. Upon any such waiver, such Default or Event of Default shall cease to exist and shall be deemed to have been cured, for every purpose of this Indenture and the Securities of such series; but no such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other Default or Event of Default or impair any right consequent thereon. 29 37 SECTION 514. Undertaking for Costs. All parties to this Indenture agree, and each Holder of any Security by his acceptance thereof shall be deemed to have agreed, that any court may in its discretion require, in any suit for the enforcement of any right or remedy under this Indenture, or in any suit against the Trustee for any action taken, suffered or omitted by it as Trustee, the filing by any party litigant in such suit of an undertaking to pay the costs of such suit, and that such court may in its discretion assess reasonable costs, including reasonable attorneys' fees, against any party litigant in such suit, having due regard to the merits and good faith of the claims or defenses made by such party litigant; but the provisions of this Section shall not apply to any suit instituted by the Company, to any suit instituted by the Trustee, to any suit instituted by any Holder, or group of Holders, holding in the aggregate more than 10% in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of any series, or to any suit instituted by any Holder for the enforcement of the payment of the principal of (or premium, if any) or interest on any Security on or after the Stated Maturity or Maturities expressed in such Security (or, in the case of redemption, on or after the Redemption Date). ARTICLE 6 THE TRUSTEE SECTION 601. Certain Duties and Responsibilities of the Trustee. (a) Except during the continuance of an Event of Default, the Trustee's duties and responsibilities under this Indenture shall be governed by Section 315(a) of the Trust Indenture Act. (b) In case an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, and is known to the Trustee, the Trustee shall exercise the rights and powers vested in it by this Indenture, and shall use the same degree of care and skill in their exercise, as a prudent man would exercise or use under the circumstances in the conduct of his own affairs. (c) None of the provisions of Section 315(d) of the Trust Indenture Act shall be excluded from this Indenture. SECTION 602. Notice of Defaults. Within 30 days after the occurrence of any Default or Event of Default with respect to the Securities of any series, the Trustee shall give to all Holders of Securities of such series, as their names and addresses appear in the Security Register, notice of such Default or Event of Default known to the Trustee, unless such Default or Event of Default shall have been cured or waived; provided, however, that, except in the case of a Default or Event of Default in the payment of the principal of (or premium, if any) or interest on any Security of such series or in the payment of any sinking fund installment with respect to Securities of such series, the Trustee shall be protected in withholding such notice if and so long as the board of directors, the executive committee or directors or Responsible Officers of the Trustee in good faith determine that the withholding of such notice is in the interest of the Holders of Securities of such series. SECTION 603. Certain Rights of Trustee. Subject to the provisions of the Trust Indenture Act: (a) the Trustee may rely and shall be protected in acting or refraining from acting upon any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, direction, consent, order, bond, debenture, note, other evidence of indebtedness or other paper or document believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper party or parties; (b) any request or direction of the Company mentioned herein shall be sufficiently evidenced by a Company Request or Company Order and any resolution of the Board of Directors may be sufficiently evidenced by a Board Resolution; 30 38 (c) whenever in the administration of this Indenture the Trustee shall deem it desirable that a matter be proved or established prior to taking, suffering or omitting any action hereunder, the Trustee (unless other evidence be herein specifically prescribed) may, in the absence of bad faith on its part, rely upon an Officer's Certificate; (d) the Trustee may consult with counsel and the written advice of such counsel or any Opinion of Counsel shall be full and complete authorization and protection in respect of any action taken, suffered or omitted by it hereunder in good faith and in reliance thereon; (e) the Trustee shall be under no obligation to exercise any of the rights or powers vested in it by this Indenture at the request or direction of any of the Holders pursuant to this Indenture, unless such Holders shall have offered to the Trustee security or indemnity to its reasonable satisfaction against the costs, expenses and liabilities which might be incurred by it in compliance with such request or direction; (f) prior to the occurrence of an Event of Default with respect to the Securities of any series and after the curing or waiving of all such Events of Default which may have occurred, the Trustee shall not be bound to make any investigation into the facts or matters stated in any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, direction, consent, order, approval or other paper or document, or the books and records of the Company, unless requested in writing to do so by the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of any series; provided, however, that if the payment within a reasonable time to the Trustee of the costs, expenses or liabilities likely to be incurred by it in the making of such investigation is not, in the opinion of the Trustee, reasonably assured to the Trustee by the security afforded to it by the terms of this Indenture, the Trustee may require reasonable indemnity against such costs, expenses or liabilities as a condition to so proceeding; the reasonable expense of every such investigation shall be paid by the Company or, if paid by the Trustee, shall be repaid by the Company upon demand; (g) the Trustee may execute any of the trusts or powers hereunder or perform any duties hereunder either directly or by or through agents or attorneys and the Trustee shall not be responsible for any misconduct or negligence on the part of any agent or attorney appointed with due care by it hereunder; and (h) the Trustee shall not be required to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur any financial liability in the performance of any of its duties hereunder, or in the exercise of its rights or powers, if it shall have reasonable grounds for believing that repayment of such funds or adequate indemnity against such risk or liability is not reasonably assured to it. SECTION 604. Not Responsible for Recitals or Issuance of Securities. The recitals herein and in the Securities, except the Trustee's certificates of authentication, shall be taken as the statements of the Company, and the Trustee or any Authenticating Agent assumes no responsibility for their correctness. The Trustee makes no representations as to the validity or sufficiency of this Indenture or of the Securities. Neither the Trustee nor any Authenticating Agent shall be accountable for the use or application by the Company of Securities or the proceeds thereof. SECTION 605. May Hold Securities. The Trustee, any Authenticating Agent, any Paying Agent, any Security Registrar or any other agent of the Company, in its individual or any other capacity, may become the owner or pledgee of Securities and, subject to Sections 608 and 613, may otherwise deal with the Company with the same rights it would have if it were not Trustee, Authenticating Agent, Paying Agent, Security Registrar or such other agent. SECTION 606. Money Held in Trust. Money held by the Trustee in trust hereunder (including amounts held by the Trustee as Paying Agent) need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required by law. The Trustee shall be under no liability for interest on any money received by it hereunder except as otherwise agreed upon in writing with the Company. SECTION 607. Compensation and Reimbursement. 31 39 The Company agrees (1) to pay to the Trustee from time to time reasonable compensation for all services rendered by it hereunder (which compensation shall not be limited by any provision of law in regard to the compensation of a trustee of an express trust); (2) except as otherwise expressly provided herein, to reimburse the Trustee upon its request for all reasonable expenses, disbursements and advances incurred or made by the Trustee in accordance with any provision of this Indenture (including the reasonable compensation and the expenses and disbursements of its agents and counsel), except any such expense, disbursement or advance as may be attributable to its negligence or bad faith; and (3) to indemnify the Trustee for, and to hold it harmless against, any loss, liability, damage, claim or expense, including taxes (other than taxes based upon or determined or measured by the income of the Trustee), incurred without gross negligence or bad faith on its part, arising out of or in connection with the acceptance or administration of the trust or trusts hereunder, including the costs and expenses of defending itself against any claim or liability in connection with the exercise or performance of any of its powers or duties hereunder. When the Trustee incurs expenses or renders services in connection with an Event of Default specified in Section 501(5) or Section 501(6), the expenses (including the reasonable charges and expenses of its counsel) and the compensation for the services are intended to constitute expenses of administration under any applicable federal or state bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar law. The provisions of this Section 607 shall survive this Indenture and the resignation or removal of any Trustee hereunder. SECTION 608. Disqualification; Conflicting Interests. The Trustee shall be disqualified only where such disqualification is required by Section 310(b) of the Trust Indenture Act. Nothing shall prevent the Trustee from filing with the Commission the application referred to in the second to last paragraph of Section 310(b) of the Trust Indenture Act. SECTION 609. Corporate Trustee Required; Eligibility. There shall at all times be a Trustee hereunder which shall be eligible to act as Trustee under Section 310(a)(1) of the Trust Indenture Act having a combined capital and surplus of at least $50,000,000 subject to supervision or examination by federal or State authority. If such corporation publishes reports of condition at least annually, pursuant to law or to the requirements of said supervising or examining authority, then for the purposes of this Section, the combined capital and surplus of such corporation shall be deemed to be its combined capital and surplus as set forth in its most recent report of condition so published. Neither the Company nor any Person directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by, or under common control with the Company may serve as Trustee. If at any time the Trustee shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the provisions of this Section, it shall resign immediately in the manner and with the effect hereinafter specified in this Article. SECTION 610. Resignation and Removal; Appointment of Successor. (a) No resignation or removal of the Trustee and no appointment of a successor Trustee pursuant to this Article shall become effective until the acceptance of appointment by the successor Trustee in accordance with the applicable requirements of Section 611. (b) The Trustee may resign at any time with respect to the Securities of one or more series by giving written notice thereof to the Company. If the instrument of acceptance by a successor Trustee required by Section 611 shall not have been delivered to the Trustee within 30 days after the giving of such notice of resignation, the resigning Trustee may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of such series. 32 40 (c) The Trustee may be removed at any time with respect to the Securities of any series by Act of the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of such series, delivered to the Trustee and to the Company. (d) If at any time: (1) the Trustee shall fail to comply with Section 310(b) of the Trust Indenture Act after written request therefor by the Company or by any Holder who has been a bona fide Holder of a Security for at least six months; or (2) the Trustee shall cease to be eligible under Section 609 and shall fail to resign after written request here for by the Company or by any such Holder of a Security who has been a bona fide Holder of a Security for at least six months; or (3) the Trustee shall become incapable of acting or shall be adjudged a bankrupt or insolvent or a receiver of the Trustee or of its property shall be appointed or any public officer shall take charge or control of the Trustee or of its property or affairs for the purpose of rehabilitation, conservation or liquidation; then, in any such case, (i) the Company by a Board Resolution may remove the Trustee with respect to all Securities, or (ii) subject to Section 315(e) of the Trust Indenture Act, any Holder who has been a bona fide Holder of a security for at least six months may, on behalf of himself and all others similarly situated, petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the removal of the Trustee with respect to all Securities and the appointment of a successor Trustee or Trustees. (e) If the Trustee shall resign, be removed or become incapable of acting, or if a vacancy shall occur in the office of Trustee for any cause, with respect to the Securities of one or more series, the Company, by a Board Resolution, shall promptly appoint a successor Trustee or Trustees with respect to the Securities of that or those series (it being understood that any such successor Trustee may be appointed with respect to the Securities of one or more or all of such series and that at any time there shall be only one Trustee with respect to the Securities of any particular series) and shall comply with the applicable requirements of Section 611. If, within one year after such resignation, removal or incapability, or the occurrence of such vacancy, a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series shall be appointed by Act of the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of such series delivered to the Company and the retiring Trustee, the successor Trustee so appointed shall, forthwith upon its acceptance of such appointment in accordance with the applicable requirements of Section 611, become the successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of such series and to that extent supersede the successor Trustee appointed by the Company with respect to such Securities. If no successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series shall have been so appointed by the Company or the Holders and accepted appointment in the manner required by Section 611, any Holder who has been a bona fide Holder of a security of such series for at least six months may, on behalf of himself and all others similarly situated, petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of such series. (f) The Company shall give notice of each resignation and each removal of the Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series and each appointment of a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series by mailing written notice of such event by first-class mail, postage prepaid, to all Holders of Securities of such series as their names and addresses appear in the security Register. Each notice shall include the name of the successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of such series and the address of its Corporate Trust Office. SECTION 611. Acceptance of Appointment by Successor or Additional Trustees. (a) In case of the appointment hereunder of a successor Trustee with respect to all Securities, every such successor Trustee so appointed shall execute, acknowledge and deliver to the Company and to the retiring Trustee an instrument accepting such appointment, and thereupon the resignation or removal of the retiring Trustee shall become effective and such successor Trustee, without any further act, deed or conveyance, shall become vested with all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of the retiring Trustee; but, on the request of the Company or the successor Trustee, such retiring Trustee shall, upon payment of its charges, execute and deliver an instrument transferring to such 33 41 successor Trustee all the rights, powers and trusts of the retiring Trustee and shall duly assign, transfer and deliver to such successor Trustee all property and money held by such retiring Trustee hereunder. (b) In case of the appointment hereunder of a Trustee or a successor with respect to the Securities of one or more (but not all) series, the Company, any retiring Trustee and each Trustee or a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of one or more series shall execute and deliver an indenture supplemental hereto wherein each Trustee or a successor Trustee shall accept such appointment and which (1) shall contain such provisions as shall be necessary or desirable to transfer and confirm to, and to vest in, each Trustee or a successor Trustee all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of any retiring Trustee with respect to the Securities of that or those series to which the appointment of such Trustee or a successor Trustee relates, (2) if any retiring Trustee is not retiring with respect to all Securities, shall contain such provisions as shall be deemed necessary or desirable to confirm that all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of any retiring Trustee with respect to the Securities of that or those series as to which any retiring Trustee is not retiring shall continue to be vested in any retiring Trustee, and (3) shall add to or change any of the provisions of this Indenture as shall be necessary to provide for or facilitate the administration of the trusts hereunder by more than one Trustee, it being understood that nothing herein or in such supplemental Indenture shall constitute such Trustees co-trustees of the same trust and that each such Trustee shall be trustee of a trust or trusts hereunder separate and apart from any trust or trusts hereunder administered by any other such Trustee; and upon the execution and delivery of such supplemental indenture the resignation or removal of the retiring Trustee shall become effective to the extent provided therein and each such Trustee or a successor Trustee, without any further act, deed or conveyance, shall become vested with all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of any retiring Trustee with respect to the Securities of that or those series to which the appointment of such Trustee or a successor Trustee relates; but, on request of the Company or any Trustee or a successor Trustee, any such retiring Trustee shall duly assign, transfer and deliver to such Trustee or a successor Trustee all property and money held by any such retiring Trustee hereunder with respect to the Securities of that or those series to which the appointment of any such Trustee or successor Trustee relates. (c) Upon request of any such successor Trustee, the Company shall execute any and all instruments for more fully and certainly vesting in and confirming to such successor Trustee all such rights, powers and trusts referred to in paragraph (a) or (b) of this Section, as the case may be. (d) No successor Trustee shall accept its appointment unless at the time of such acceptance such successor Trustee shall be qualified and eligible under the Trust Indenture Act. SECTION 612. Merger, Conversion, Consolidation or Succession to Business. Any corporation into which the Trustee may be merged or converted or with which it may be consolidated, or any corporation resulting from any merger, conversion or consolidation to which the Trustee shall be a party, or any corporation succeeding to all or substantially all the corporate trust business of the Trustee, shall be the successor of the Trustee hereunder, provided such corporation shall be otherwise qualified and eligible under this Article, without the execution or filing of any paper or any further act on the part of any of the parties hereto. In case any Securities shall have been authenticated, but not delivered, by the Trustee then in office, any successor by merger, conversion or consolidation to such authenticating Trustee may adopt such authentication and deliver the Securities so authenticated with the same effect as if such successor Trustee had itself authenticated such Securities. SECTION 613. Preferential Collection of Claims Against Company. The Trustee shall comply with Section 311(a) of the Trust Indenture Act, excluding any creditor relationship listed in Section 311(b) of the Trust Indenture Act. A Trustee who has resigned or been removed shall be subject to Section 311(a) of the Trust Indenture Act to the extent indicated therein. SECTION 614. Appointment of Authenticating Agent. At any time when any of the Securities remain Outstanding the Trustee may appoint an Authenticating Agent or Agents with respect to one or more series of Securities which shall be authorized to act on behalf of, and subject to the direction of, the Trustee to authenticate Securities of such series issued upon exchange, registration of transfer or partial redemption thereof or pursuant to Section 306, and Securities so authenticated shall be entitled to the benefits of this Indenture and shall be valid and obligatory for all purposes as if authenticated by the Trustee 34 42 hereunder. Wherever reference is made in this Indenture to the authentication and delivery of Securities by the Trustee or the Trustee's certificate of authentication, such reference shall be deemed to include authentication and delivery on behalf of the Trustee by an Authenticating Agent and a certificate of authentication executed on behalf of the Trustee by an Authenticating Agent. Each Authenticating Agent shall be acceptable to the Company and shall at all times be a corporation organized and doing business under the laws of the United States of America, any State thereof or the District of Columbia, authorized under such laws to act as Authenticating Agent, having a combined capital and surplus of not less than $5,000,000 and subject to supervision or examination by federal or State authority. If such Authenticating Agent publishes reports of condition at least annually, pursuant to law or to the requirements of said supervising or examining authority, then for the purposes of this Section, the combined capital and surplus of such Authenticating Agent shall be deemed to be its combined capital and surplus as set forth in its most recent report of condition so published. If at any time an Authenticating Agent shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the provisions of this Section, such Authenticating Agent shall resign immediately in the manner and with the effect specified in this Section. Any corporation into which an Authenticating Agent may be merged or converted or with which it may be consolidated, or any corporation resulting from any merger, conversion or consolidation to which such Authenticating Agent shall be a party, or any corporation succeeding to the corporate agency or corporate trust business of an Authenticating Agent, shall continue to be an Authenticating Agent, provided such corporation shall be otherwise eligible under this Section, without the execution or filing of any paper or any further act on the part of the Trustee or the Authenticating Agent. An Authenticating Agent may resign at any time by giving written notice thereof to the Trustee and to the Company. The Trustee may at any time terminate the agency of an Authenticating Agent by giving written notice thereof to such Authenticating Agent and to the Company. Upon receiving such a notice of resignation or upon such a termination, or in case at any time such Authenticating Agent shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the provisions of this Section, the Trustee may appoint a successor Authenticating Agent which shall be acceptable to the Company and shall mail written notice of such appointment by first-class mail, postage prepaid, to all Holders of Securities of the series with respect to which such Authenticating Agent will serve, as their names and addresses appear in the security Register. Any successor Authenticating Agent upon acceptance of its appointment hereunder shall become vested with all the rights, powers and duties of its predecessor hereunder, with like effect as if originally named as an Authenticating Agent. No successor Authenticating Agent shall be appointed unless eligible under the provisions of this Section. The Company agrees to pay to each Authenticating Agent from time to time reasonable compensation for its services under this Section. If an appointment with respect to one or more series is made pursuant to this Section, the Securities of such series may have endorsed thereon, in lieu of the Trustee's certificate of authentication, an alternate certificate of authentication in the following form: Form of Authenticating Agent's Certificate of Authentication Dated: --------------------------- This is one of the Securities of the series designated therein referred to in the within-mentioned Indenture. --------------------------------------------- As Trustee By: ----------------------------------------- As Authenticating Agent By: ----------------------------------------- Authorized Signatory 35 43 ARTICLE 7 HOLDERS' LISTS AND REPORTS BY TRUSTEE AND COMPANY SECTION 701. Company to Furnish Trustee Names and Addresses of Holders. The Company will furnish or cause to be furnished to the Trustee: (a) semi-annually, not later than January 1 and July 1 in each year, a list, in such form as the Trustee may reasonably require, of the names and addresses of the Holders as of the preceding December 15 or June 15, as the case may be; and (b) at such other times as the Trustee may request in writing, within 30 days after the receipt by the Company of any such request, a list of similar form and content as of a date not more than 15 days prior to the time such list is furnished; provided, however, that so long as the Trustee is the Security Registrar, no such list shall be required to be furnished. SECTION 702. Preservation of Information; Communications to Holders. (a) The Trustee shall preserve, in as current a form as is reasonably practicable, the names and addresses of Holders contained in the most recent list furnished to the Trustee as provided in Section 701 and the names and addresses of Holders received by the Trustee in its capacity as Security Registrar. The Trustee may destroy any list furnished to it as provided in Section 701 upon receipt of a new list so furnished. (b) If three or more Holders (herein referred to as "applicants") apply in writing to the Trustee, and furnish to the Trustee reasonable proof that each such applicant has owned a Security for a period of at least six months preceding the date of such application, and such application states that the applicants desire to communicate with other Holders with respect to their rights under this Indenture or under the Securities and is accompanied by a copy of the form of proxy or other communication which such applicants propose to transmit then the Trustee shall, within five Business Days after the receipt of such application, at its election, either (i) afford such applicants access to the information preserved at the time by the Trustee in accordance with Section 702(a); or (ii) inform such applicants as to the approximate number of Holders whose names and addresses appear in the information preserved at the time by the Trustee in accordance with Section 702(a), and as to the approximate cost of mailing to such Holders the form of proxy or other communication, if any, specified in such application. If the Trustee shall elect not to afford such applicants access to such information, the Trustee shall, upon the written request of such applicants, mail to each Holder whose name and address appears in the information preserved at the time by the Trustee in accordance with Section 702(a) a copy of the form of proxy or other communication which is specified in such request, with reasonable promptness after a tender to the Trustee of the material to be mailed and of payment, or provision for the payment, of the reasonable expenses of mailing, unless within five days after such tender the Trustee shall mail to such applicants and file with the Commission, together with a copy of the material to be mailed, a written statement to the effect that, in the opinion of the Trustee, such mailing would be contrary to the best interest of the Holders or would be in violation of applicable law. Such written statement shall specify the basis of such opinion. If the Commission, after opportunity for a hearing upon the objections specified in the written statement so filed, shall enter an order refusing to sustain any of such objections or if, after the entry of an order sustaining one or more of such objections, the Commission shall find, after notice and opportunity for hearing, that all objections so sustained have been met and shall enter an order so declaring, the Trustee shall mail copies of such material to all such Holders with reasonable promptness after the entry of such order and the renewal of such tender; otherwise the Trustee shall be relieved of any obligation or duty to such applicants respecting their application. 36 44 (c) Every Holder of Securities, by receiving and holding the same, agrees with the Company and the Trustee that neither the Company nor the Trustee nor any agent of either of them shall be held accountable by reason of the disclosure of any such information as to the names and addresses of the Holders in accordance with Section 702(b), regardless of the source from which such information was derived, and that the Trustee shall not be held accountable by reason of mailing any material pursuant to a request made under Section 702(b). SECTION 703. Reports by Trustee. (a) Within 60 days after May 15 of each year commencing with the year 1998, the Trustee shall transmit by mail to all Holders of Securities as provided in Section 313(c) of the Trust Indenture Act, a brief report dated as of May 15, if required by and in compliance with Section 313(a) of the Trust Indenture Act. (b) A copy of each such report shall, at the time of such transmission to Holders, be filed by the Trustee with each stock exchange upon which any Securities are listed, with the Commission and with the Company. The Company will notify the Trustee when any Securities are listed on any stock exchange. SECTION 704. Reports by Company. The Company shall: (1) file with the Trustee, within 30 days after the Company is required to file the same with the Commission, copies of the annual reports and of the information, documents and other reports (or copies of such portions of any of the foregoing as the Commission may from time to time by rules and regulations prescribe) which the Company may be required to file with the Commission pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act; or, if the Company is not required to file information, documents or reports pursuant to either of said Sections, then it shall file with the Trustee and the Commission, in accordance with rules and regulations prescribed from time to time by the Commission, such of the supplementary and periodic information, documents and reports which may be required pursuant to Section 13 of the Exchange Act in respect of a security listed and registered on a national securities exchange as may be prescribed from time to time in such rules and regulations; (2) file with the Trustee and the Commission, in accordance with rules and regulations prescribed from time to time by the Commission, such additional information, documents and reports with respect to compliance by the Company with the conditions and covenants of this Indenture as may be required from time to time by such rules and regulations; (3) furnish to the Trustee, on or before May 1 of each year, a brief certificate from the principal executive officer, principal financial officer or principal accounting officer as to his or her knowledge of the Company's compliance with all conditions and covenants under this Indenture. For purposes of this paragraph, such compliance shall be determined without regard to any period of grace or requirement of notice provided under this Indenture. Such certificate need not comply with Section 102. ARTICLE 8 CONSOLIDATION, MERGER, LEASE, SALE OR TRANSFER SECTION 801. When Company May Merge, Etc. The Company shall not consolidate, or merge with or into any other corporation (whether or not the Company shall be the surviving corporation), or sell, assign, transfer or lease or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of its properties and assets as an entirety or substantially as an entirety to any Person or group of affiliated Persons, in one transaction or a series of related transactions, unless: (1) either the Company shall be the continuing Person or the Person (if other than the Company) formed by such consolidation or with which or into which the Company is merged or the Person (or group of affiliated Persons) to which all or substantially all the properties and assets of the Company as an entirety or substantially as an entirety are sold, assigned, transferred or leased shall be a corporation, partnership or trust or other entity 37 45 organized and existing under the laws of the United States of America or any State thereof or the District of Columbia and shall expressly assume, by an indenture supplemental hereto, executed and delivered to the Trustee, in form satisfactory to the Trustee, all the obligations of the Company under the Securities and this Indenture; and (2) immediately before and after giving effect to such transaction or series of related transactions, no Event of Default, and no Default, and no event which, after notice or lapse of time or both, would become and Event of Default, shall have occurred and be continuing. SECTION 802. Opinion of Counsel. The Company shall deliver to the Trustee prior to the proposed transaction(s) covered by Section 801 an Officer's Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel stating that the transaction(s) and such supplemental indenture comply with this Indenture and that all conditions precedent to the consummation of the transaction(s) under this Indenture have been met. SECTION 803. Successor Corporation Substituted. Upon any consolidation by the Company with or merger by the Company into an other corporation or any lease, sale, assignment, or transfer of all or substantially all of the property and assets of the Company in accordance with Section 801, the successor corporation formed by such consolidation or into which the Company is merged or the successor corporation or affiliated group of corporations to which such lease, sale, assignment, or transfer is made shall succeed to, and be substituted for, and may exercise every right and power of, the Company under this Indenture with the same effect as if such successor corporation or corporations had been named as the Company herein, and thereafter, except in the case of a lease, the predecessor corporation or corporations shall be relieved of all obligations and covenants under this Indenture and the Securities and in the event of such conveyance or transfer, except in the case of a lease, any such predecessor corporation may be dissolved and liquidated. ARTICLE 9 SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURES SECTION 901. Supplemental Indentures Without Consent of Holders. Without notice to or the consent of any Holders of a series of Securities, the Company, when authorized by a Board Resolution, and the Trustee, at any time and from time to time, may enter into one or more indentures supplemental hereto, in form satisfactory to the Trustee, for any of the following purposes: (1) to evidence the succession of another corporation to the Company and the assumption by any such successor of the covenants of the Company herein and in the Securities; or (2) to add to the covenants of the Company for the benefit of the Holders of all or any series of Securities (and if such covenants are to be for the benefit of less than all series of Securities, stating that such covenants are expressly being included solely for the benefit of series) or to surrender any right or power herein conferred upon the Company; or (3) to add any additional Events of Default with respect to all or any series of Securities; or (4) to add or change any of the provisions of this Indenture to such extent as shall be necessary to permit or facilitate the issuance of Securities in bearer form, registrable or not registrable as to principal, and with or without interest coupons; or (5) to change or eliminate any of the provisions of this Indenture, provided that any such change or elimination shall become effective only when there is no Security Outstanding of any series created prior to the execution of such supplemental Indenture which is entitled to the benefit of such provision; or (6) to secure the Securities; or 38 46 (7) to establish the form or terms of Securities of any series as permitted by Sections 201 and 301; or (8) to evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment hereunder by a Trustee or a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of one or more series and to add to or change any of the provisions of this Indenture as shall be necessary to provide for or facilitate the administration of the trusts hereunder by more than one Trustee, pursuant to the requirements of Section 611(b); or (9) to cure any ambiguity, defect or inconsistency or to correct or supplement any provision herein which may be inconsistent with any other provision herein; or (10) to make any change that does not materially adversely affect the interests of the Holders of Securities of such series; or (11) to qualify, or maintain the qualification of the Indenture under the Trust Indenture Act. Upon request of the Company, accompanied by a Board Resolution authorizing the execution of any such supplemental indenture, and upon receipt by the Trustee of the documents described in (and subject to the last sentence of) Section 903, the Trustee shall join with the Company in the execution of any supplemental indenture authorized or permitted by the terms of this Indenture. SECTION 902. Supplemental Indentures with Consent of Holders. With the written consent of the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of each series affected by such supplemental indenture, by Act of said Holders delivered to the Company and the Trustee, the Company, when authorized by a Board Resolution, and the Trustee shall, subject to Section 903, enter into an indenture or indentures supplemental hereto for the purpose of adding any provisions to or changing in any manner or eliminating any of the provisions of this Indenture or of modifying in any manner the rights of the Holders of Securities of such series under this Indenture; provided, however, that no such supplemental indenture shall, without the consent of the Holder of each Outstanding security affected thereby, (1) change the Stated Maturity of the principal of, or any installment of principal of or interest on, any security, or reduce the principal amount thereof or the rate of interest thereon or any premium payable upon the redemption thereof or extend the time for payment thereof, or reduce the amount of the principal of an Original Issue Discount security that would be due and payable upon a declaration of acceleration of the Maturity thereof pursuant to Section 502, or change any Place of Payment where, or the coin or currency in which, any security or any premium or the interest thereon is payable, or impair the right to institute suit for the enforcement of any such payment on or after the Stated Maturity thereof (or, in the case of redemption, on or after the Redemption Date); (2) reduce the percentage in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of any series, the consent of whose Holders is required for any such supplemental indenture, or the consent of whose Holders is required for any waiver of compliance with certain provisions of this Indenture or Defaults or Events of Default hereunder and their consequences provided for in this Indenture; or (3) change the redemption provisions (including Article Eleven) hereof in a manner adverse to such Holder; or (4) modify any of the provisions of this Section or Section 513, except to increase any such percentage or to provide that certain other provisions of this Indenture cannot be modified or waived without the consent of the Holder of each Outstanding Security affected thereby; provided, however, that this clause shall not be deemed to require the consent of any Holder with respect to changes in the references to "the Trustee" and concomitant changes in this Section, or the deletion of this proviso, in accordance with the requirements of Sections 611(b) and 901(8). A supplemental indenture which changes or eliminates any covenant or other provisions of this Indenture which has expressly been included solely for the benefit of one or more particular series of Securities, or which modifies the rights of the Holders of Securities of such series with respect to such covenant or other provision, shall be deemed not to affect the rights under this Indenture of the Holders of Securities of any other series. 39 47 It shall not be necessary for any Act of Holders under this Section to approve the particular form of any proposed supplemental indenture, but it shall be sufficient if such Act shall approve the substance thereof. SECTION 903. Execution of Supplemental Indentures. The Trustee shall sign any supplemental indenture authorized pursuant to this Article, subject to the last sentence of this Section 903. In executing, or accepting the additional trusts created by, any supplemental indenture permitted by this Article or the modifications thereby of the trusts created by this Indenture, the Trustee shall be entitled to receive, and (subject to Section 601) shall be fully protected in relying upon, an Officer's Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel stating that the execution of such supplemental indenture is authorized or permitted by this Indenture. The Trustee may, but shall not be obligated to, enter into any such supplemental indenture which affects the Trustee's own rights, duties or immunities under this Indenture or otherwise. SECTION 904. Effect of Supplemental Indentures. Upon the execution of any supplemental indenture under this Article, this Indenture shall be modified in accordance therewith, and such supplemental Indenture shall form a part of this Indenture for all purposes; and every Holder of Securities theretofore or thereafter authenticated and delivered hereunder shall be bound thereby. SECTION 905. Conformity with Trust Indenture Act. Every supplemental indenture executed pursuant to this Article shall conform to the requirements of the Trust Indenture Act as then in effect. SECTION 906. Reference in Securities to Supplemental Indentures. Securities of any series authenticated and delivered after the execution of any supplemental indenture pursuant to this Article may, and shall if required by the Trustee, bear a notation in form approved by the Trustee as to any matter provided for in such supplemental indenture. If the Company shall so determine, new Securities of any series so modified as to conform, ln the opinion of the Trustee and the Company, to any such supplemental indenture may be prepared and executed by the Company and authenticate and delivered by the Trustee in exchange for Outstanding Securities of such series. ARTICLE 10 COVENANTS SECTION 1001. Payments of Securities. With respect to each series of Securities, the Company will duly and punctually pay the principal of (and premium, if any) and interest on such Securities in accordance with their terms and this Indenture, and will duly comply with all the other terms, agreements and conditions contained in, or made in the Indenture for the benefit of, the Securities of such series. SECTION 1002. Maintenance of Office or Agency. The Company will maintain an office or agency in each Place of Payment where Securities may be surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange or for presentation for payment, where notices and demands to or upon the Company in respect of the Securities and this Indenture may be served. The Company will give prompt written notice to the Trustee of the location, and any change ln location, of such office or agency. If at any time the Company shall fail to maintain any such required office or agency or shall fail to furnish the Trustee with the address thereof, such presentations, surrenders, notices and demands may be made or served at the address of the Trustee as set forth in Section 105 hereof. The Company may also from time to time designate one or more other offices or agencies where the Securities may be presented or surrendered for any or all such purposes and may from time to time rescind such 40 48 designations. The Company will give prompt written notice to the Trustee of any such designation or rescission and of any change in the location of any such other office or agency. Unless otherwise set forth in, or pursuant to, a Board Resolution or indenture supplemental hereto with respect to a series of Securities, the Company hereby initially designates the Corporate Trust Office as such office of the Company. SECTION 1003. Corporate Existence. Subject to Article 8 hereof, the Company will do or cause to be done all things necessary to preserve and keep in full force and effect its corporate existence and that of each of its Subsidiaries and the rights (charter and statutory) of the Company and its Subsidiaries; provided, however, that (a) the Company shall not be required to preserve any such right, license or franchise or the corporate existence of any of its Subsidiaries if the Board of Directors, or the board of directors of the Subsidiary concerned, as the case may be, shall determine that the preservation thereof is no longer desirable in the conduct of the business of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries and that the loss thereof is not materially disadvantageous to the Holders, and (b) nothing herein contained shall prevent any Subsidiary of the Company from liquidating or dissolving, or merging into, or consolidating with the Company (provided that the Company shall be the continuing or surviving corporation) or with any one or more Subsidiaries if the Board of Directors or the board of directors of the Subsidiary concerned, as the case may be, shall so determine. SECTION 1004. Payment of Taxes and Other Claims. The Company will pay or discharge, or cause to be paid or discharged, before the same shall become delinquent, (1) all material taxes, assessments and governmental charges levied or imposed upon the Company or any Subsidiary or upon the income, profits or property of the Company or any Subsidiary material to the Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole, and (2) all lawful claims for labor, materials and supplies which, if unpaid, might by law become a material lien upon the property of the Company or any Subsidiary material to the Company and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole; provided, however, that the Company shall not be required to pay or discharge or cause to be paid or discharged any such tax, assessment, charge or claim whose amount, applicability or validity is being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings and for which adequate provision has been made. SECTION 1005. Compliance Certificates. (a) The Company shall deliver to the Trustee, within 10 days after the occurrence thereof, notice of any acceleration which with the giving of notice and the lapse of time would be an Event of Default within the meaning of Section 501(4) hereof. (b) The Company shall deliver to the Trustee forthwith upon becoming aware of a Default or Event of Default (but in no event later than 10 days after the occurrence of each Default or Event of Default that is continuing), an Officer's Certificate setting forth the details of such Default or Event of Default and the action that the Company proposes to take with respect thereto and the specific section or sections of this Indenture in connection with which such Default or Event of Default has occurred. SECTION 1006. Commission Reports. (a) So long as the Securities remain outstanding, the Company shall cause its annual report to shareholders and any other financial reports furnished by it to shareholders generally, to be mailed to the Holders at their addresses appearing in the register of Securities maintained by the Security Registrar in each case at the time of such mailing or furnishing to shareholders. If the Company is not required to furnish annual reports to its shareholders pursuant to the Exchange Act, the Company shall cause its financial statements, including any notes thereto and, with respect to annual reports, an auditors' report by an accounting firm of established national reputation and a "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations," to be so filed with the Trustee and mailed to the Holders within 90 days after the end of each of the Company's fiscal years and within 45 days after the end of each of the first three quarters of each fiscal year. 41 49 (b) The Company shall provide the Trustee with a sufficient number of copies of all reports and other documents and information that the Company may be required to deliver to the Holders under this Section 1006. SECTION 1007. Waiver of Stay, Extension or Usury Laws. The Company covenants (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) that it will not at any time insist upon, or plead, or in any manner whatsoever claim, and will actively resist any and all efforts to be compelled to take the benefit or advantage of, any stay or extension law or any usury law or other law, which would prohibit or forgive the Company from paying all or any portion of the principal of and/or interest on the Securities as contemplated herein, wherever enacted, now or at any time hereafter in force, or which may affect the covenants or the performance of this Indenture; and (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) the Company hereby expressly waives all benefit or advantage of any such law, and covenants that it will not hinder, delay or impede the execution of any power herein granted to the Trustee, but will suffer and permit the execution of every such power as though no such law had been enacted. SECTION 1008. Money for Securities Payments to Be Held in Trust. If the Company shall at any time act as its own Paying Agent with respect to any series of Securities, it will, on or before each due date of the principal of (and premium, if any) or interest on any of the Securities of that series, segregate and hold in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled thereto a sum sufficient to pay the principal (and premium, if any) or interest so becoming due until such sums shall be paid to such Persons or otherwise disposed of as herein provided and will promptly notify the Trustee of its action or failure so to act. Whenever the Company shall have one or more Paying Agents for any series of Securities, it will, prior to each due date of the principal of (and premium, if any) or interest on any Securities of that series, deposit with a Paying Agent a sum sufficient to pay the principal (and premium, if any) or interest so becoming due, such sum to be held in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled to such principal, premium or interest, and (unless such Paying Agent is the Trustee) the Company will promptly notify the Trustee of its action or failure to so act. The Company will cause each Paying Agent for any series of Securities (other than the Trustee) to execute and deliver to the Trustee an instrument in which such Paying Agent shall agree with the Trustee, subject to the provisions of this Section, that such Paying Agent will: (i) hold all sums held by it for the payment of the principal of (and premium, if any) or interest on Securities of that series in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled thereto until such sums shall be paid to such Persons or otherwise disposed of as herein provided; (ii) give the Trustee notice of any default by the Company (or any other obligor upon the Securities of that series) in the making of any payment of principal (and premium, if any) or interest on the Securities of that series; and (iii) at any time during the continuance of any such default, upon the written request of the Trustee, forthwith pay to the Trustee all sums so held in trust by such Paying Agent. The Company may at any time, for the purpose of obtaining the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture or for any other purpose, pay, or by Company Order direct any Paying Agent to pay, to the Trustee all sums held in trust by the Company or such Paying Agent, such sums to be held by the Trustee upon the same trusts as those upon which such sums were held by the Company or such Paying Agent; and, upon such payment by any Paying Agent to the Trustee, such Paying Agent shall be released from all further liability with respect to such money. Any money deposited with the Trustee or any Paying Agent, or then held by the Company, in trust for the payment of the principal of (and premium, if any) or interest on any security of any series and remaining unclaimed for two years after such principal (and premium, if any) or interest has become due and payable shall be paid to the Company on Company Request, or (if then held by the Company) shall be discharged from such trust; and the Holder of such security shall thereafter, as an unsecured general creditor, look only to the Company for payment thereof, and all liability of the Trustee or such Paying Agent with respect to such trust money, and all liability of the Company 42 50 as trustee thereof, shall thereupon cease; provided, however, that the Trustee of such Paying Agent, before being required to make any such repayment, may at the expense of the Company cause to be published once, in a newspaper published in the English language, customarily published on each Business Day and of general circulation in New York, New York, notice that such money remains unclaimed and that, after a date specified therein, which shall not be less than 30 days from the date of such publication, any unclaimed balance of such money then remaining will be repaid to the Company. ARTICLE 11 REDEMPTION OF SECURITIES SECTION 1101. Applicability of Article. Securities of any series which are redeemable before their Stated Maturity shall be redeemable in accordance with their terms in whole or in part (provided Securities issued in denominations larger than $50 may be redeemed in part only in integral multiples of $50) and (except as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 301 for Securities of any series) in accordance with this Article. SECTION 1102. Election to Redeem; Notice to Trustee. The election of the Company to redeem any Securities shall be evidenced by a Board Resolution. In case of any redemption at the election of the Company of less than all the Securities of any series, the Company shall, at least 45 days prior to the Redemption Date fixed by the Company (unless a shorter notice shall be satisfactory to the Trustee), notify the Trustee of such Redemption Date and of the principal amount of Securities of such series to be redeemed. In the case of any redemption of Securities prior to the expiration of any restriction on such redemption provided in the terms of such Securities or elsewhere in this Indenture, the Company shall furnish the Trustee with an Officer's Certificate evidencing compliance with such restriction. SECTION 1103. Selection by Trustee of Securities to Be Redeemed. If less than all the Securities of any series are to be redeemed, the particular Securities to be redeemed shall be selected not more than 90 days prior to the Redemption Date by the Trustee, from the Outstanding Securities of such series not previously called for redemption, substantially pro rata, by lot or by any other method as the Trustee considers fair and appropriate and that complies with the requirements of the principal national securities exchange, if any, on which such Securities are listed, and which may provide for the selection for redemption of portions (equal to the lesser of the minimum authorized denomination for Securities of that series or $50 per Security, and any integral multiple thereof) of the principal amount of Securities of such series of a denomination larger than the minimum authorized denomination for Securities of that series; provided that in case the Securities of such series have different terms and maturities, the Securities to be redeemed shall be selected by the Company and the Company shall give notice thereof to the Trustee. The Trustee shall promptly notify the Company in writing of the Securities selected for redemption and, in the case of any Securities selected for partial redemption, the principal amount thereof to be redeemed. For all purposes of this Indenture, unless the context otherwise requires, all provisions relating to the redemption of the Securities shall relate, in the case of any Securities redeemed or to be redeemed only in part, to the portion of the principal amount of such Securities which has been or is to be redeemed. SECTION 1104. Notice of Redemption. Notice of redemption shall be given by first-class mail, postage prepaid, mailed not less than 30 nor more than 60 days prior to the Redemption Date, to each Holder of Securities to be redeemed, at this address appearing in the security Register. 43 51 All notices of redemption shall state: (1) the Redemption Date; (2) the Redemption Price; (3) if less than all the Outstanding Securities of any series are to be redeemed, the identification (and, in the case of partial redemption, the principal amounts) of the particular Securities to be redeemed; (4) that on the Redemption Date, the Redemption Price will become due and payable upon each such security to be redeemed and, if applicable, that interest thereon will cease to accrue on and after said date; (5) the place or places where such Securities are to be surrendered for payment of the Redemption Price; (6) that the redemption is for a sinking fund, if such is the case; (7) the CUSIP number, if any, of the Securities to be redeemed; and (8) unless otherwise provided as to a particular series of Securities, if at the time of publication or mailing of any notice of redemption the Company shall not have deposited with the Trustee or Paying Agent and/or irrevocably directed the Trustee or Paying Agent to apply, from money held by it available to be used for the redemption of Securities, an amount in cash sufficient to redeem all of the Securities called for redemption, including accrued interest to the Redemption Date, such notice shall state that it is subject to the receipt of the redemption moneys by the Trustee or Paying Agent before the Redemption Date (unless such redemption is mandatory) and such notice shall be of no effect unless such moneys are so received before such date. Notice of redemption of Securities to be redeemed at the election of the Company shall be given by the Company or, at the Company's request, by the Trustee in the name and at the expense of the Company. SECTION 1105. Deposit of Redemption Price. Prior to any Redemption Date, the Company shall deposit with the Trustee or with a Paying Agent (or, if the Company is acting as its own Paying Agent, segregate and hold in trust as provided in Section 10098) an amount of money sufficient to pay the Redemption Price of, and (except if the Redemption Date shall be an Interest Payment Date) accrued interest on, all the Securities which are to be redeemed on that date. SECTION 1106. Securities Payable on Redemption Date. Notice of redemption having been given as aforesaid, the Securities so to be redeemed shall, on the Redemption Date, become due and payable at the Redemption Price therein specified, and from and after such date (unless the Company shall default in the payment of the Redemption Price and accrued interest) such Securities shall cease to bear interest. Upon surrender of any such security for redemption in accordance with said notice, such security shall be paid by the Company at the Redemption Price, together with accrued interest to the Redemption Date; provided, however, that installments of interest whose Stated Maturity is on or prior to the Redemption Date shall be payable to the Holders of such Securities, or one or more Predecessor Securities, registered as such at the close of business on the relevant Regular or Special Record Dates according to their terms and the provisions of Section 307. If any Security called for redemption shall not be so paid upon surrender thereof for redemption, the principal (and premium, if any) shall, until paid, bear interest from the Redemption Date at the rate prescribed in the Security. 44 52 SECTION 1107. Securities Redeemed in Part. Any Security which is to be redeemed only in part shall be surrendered at an office or agency of the Company at a Place of Payment therefor (with, if the Company or the Trustee so requires, due endorsement by, or a written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Company and the Trustee duly executed by, the Holder thereof or his attorney duly authorized in writing), and the Company shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver to the Holder of such security without service charge, a new Security or Securities of the same series and Stated Maturity, of any authorized denomination as requested by such Holder, in aggregate principal amount equal to and in exchange for the unredeemed portion of the principal of the security so surrendered. ARTICLE 12 SINKING FUNDS SECTION 1201. Applicability of Article. The provisions of this Article shall be applicable to any sinking fund for the retirement of Securities of a series, except as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 301 for Securities of such series. The minimum amount of any sinking fund payment provided for by the terms of Securities of any series is herein referred to as a "Mandatory Sinking Fund Payment," and any payment in excess of such minimum amount provided for by the terms of Securities of any series is herein referred to as an "Optional Sinking Fund Payment." If provided for by the terms of Securities of any series, the cash amount of any sinking fund payment may be subject to redemption as provided in Section 1202. Each sinking fund payment shall be applied to the redemption of Securities of any series as provided for by the terms of Securities of such series. SECTION 1202. Satisfaction of Sinking Fund Payments with Securities. The Company (1) may deliver Securities of a series (other than any Securities previously called for redemption) and (2) may apply as a credit Securities of a series which have been (i) previously cancelled pursuant to Section 309 or delivered for cancellation or (ii) redeemed either at the election of the Company pursuant to the terms of such Securities or through the application of permitted Optional Sinking Fund Payments pursuant to the terms of such Securities, in each case in satisfaction of all or any part of any Mandatory Sinking Fund Payment with respect to the Securities of such series required to be made pursuant to the terms of such Securities as provided for by the terms of such series; provided that such Securities have not been previously so credited. Such Securities shall be received and credited at the principal amount for such purpose by the Trustee at the Redemption Price specified in such Securities for redemption through operation of the sinking fund and the amount of such Mandatory Sinking Fund Payment shall be reduced accordingly. SECTION 1203. Redemption of Securities for Sinking Fund. Not less than 45 days prior to each sinking fund payment date for any series of Securities, the Company will deliver to the Trustee an Officer's Certificate specifying the amount of the next ensuing sinking fund payment for that series pursuant to the terms of that series, the portion thereof, if any, which is to be satisfied by payment of cash and the portion thereof, if any, which is to be satisfied by delivering and crediting Securities of that series pursuant to Section 1202 and will also deliver to the Trustee any Securities to be so delivered. Not less than 30 days before each such sinking fund payment date the Trustee shall select the Securities to be redeemed upon such sinking fund payment date in the manner specified in Section 1103 and cause notice of the redemption thereof to be given in the name of and at the expense of the Company in the manner provided in Section 1104. Such notice having been duly given, the redemption of such Securities shall be made upon the terms and in the manner stated in Sections 1106 and 1107. 45 53 ARTICLE 13 DEFEASANCE AND COVENANT DEFEASANCE SECTION 1301. Applicability of Article; Company's Option to Effect Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance. Unless pursuant to Section 301 provision is made for the inapplicability of either or both of (a) Defeasance of the Securities of a series under Section 1302 or (b) Covenant Defeasance of the Securities of a series under Section 1303, then the provisions of such Section or Sections, as the case may be, together with the other provisions of this Article, shall be applicable to the Securities of such series, and the Company may at its option by Board Resolution, at any time, with respect to the Securities of such series, elect to have either Section 1302 (unless inapplicable) or Section 1303 (unless inapplicable) be applied to the Outstanding Securities of such series upon compliance with the applicable conditions set forth below in this Article. SECTION 1302. Defeasance and Discharge. Upon the Company's exercise of the option provided in Section 1301 to defease the Outstanding Securities of a particular series, the Company shall be discharged from its obligations with respect to the Outstanding Securities of such series on the date the applicable conditions set forth in Section 1304 are satisfied (hereinafter, "Defeasance"). Defeasance shall mean that the Company shall be deemed to have paid and discharged the entire indebtedness represented by the Outstanding Securities of such series and to have satisfied all its other obligations under such Securities and this Indenture insofar as such Securities are concerned (and the Trustee, at the expense of the Company, shall execute proper instruments acknowledging the same); provided, however, that the following rights, obligations, powers, trusts, duties and immunities shall survive until otherwise terminated or discharged hereunder: (A) the rights of Holders of Outstanding Securities of such series to receive, solely from the trust fund provided for in Section 1304, payments in respect of the principal of (and premium, if any) and interest on such Securities when such payments are due, (B) the Company's obligations with respect to such Securities under Sections 304, 305, 306, 1001, 1002 and 1008, (C) the rights, powers, trusts, duties and immunities of the Trustee hereunder and (D) this Article. Subject to compliance with this Article, the Company may exercise its option with respect to Defeasance under this Section 1302 notwithstanding the prior exercise of its option with respect to Covenant Defeasance under Section 1303 in regard to the Securities of such series. SECTION 1303. Covenant Defeasance. Upon the Company's exercise of the option provided in Section 1301 to obtain a Covenant Defeasance with respect to the Outstanding Securities of a particular series, the Company shall be released from its obligations under this Indenture (except its obligations under Sections 304, 305, 306, 506, 509, 610, 1001, 1002, 1005, 1007 and 1008) with respect to the Outstanding Securities of such series on and after the date the applicable conditions set forth in Section 1304 are satisfied (hereinafter, "Covenant Defeasance"). Covenant Defeasance shall mean that, with respect to the Outstanding Securities of such series, the Company may omit to comply with and shall have no liability in respect of any term, condition or limitation set forth in this Indenture (except its obligations under Sections 304, 305, 306, 506, 509, 610, 1001, 1002, 1005, 1007 and 1008), whether directly or indirectly by reason of any reference elsewhere herein or by reason of any reference to any other provision herein or in any other document, and such omission to comply shall not constitute an Event of Default under Section 501(4) with respect to Outstanding Securities of such series, and the remainder of this Indenture and of the Securities of such series shall be unaffected thereby. SECTION 1304. Conditions to Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance. The following shall be the conditions to Defeasance under Section 1302 and Covenant Defeasance under Section 1303 with respect to the Outstanding Securities of a particular series: (1) the Company shall irrevocably have deposited or caused to be deposited (and in the case of Defeasance such deposit shall have been made 121 days prior to Defeasance with the Trustee (or another trustee satisfying the requirements of Section 609 who shall agree to comply with the provisions of this Article applicable 46 54 to it), under the terms of an irrevocable trust agreement in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to such Trustee, as trust funds in trust for the purpose of making the following payments, specifically pledged as security for, and dedicated solely to, the benefit of the Holders of such Securities, (A) Dollars in an amount, or (B) U.S. Government Obligations which through the scheduled payment of principal and interest in respect thereof in accordance with their terms will provide, not later than the due date of any payment, money in an amount, or (C) a combination thereof, in each case sufficient, after payment of all federal, state and local taxes or other charges or assessments in respect thereof payable by the Trustee, in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants expressed in a written certification thereof delivered to the Trustee, to pay and discharge, and which shall be applied by the Trustee (or other qualifying trustee) to pay and discharge, (i) the principal of (and premium, if any, on) and each installment of principal of (and premium, if any) and interest on the Outstanding Securities of such series on the Stated Maturity of such principal or installment of principal or interest and (ii) any mandatory sinking fund payments or analogous payments applicable to the Outstanding Securities of such series on the day on which such payments are due and payable in accordance with the terms of this Indenture and of such Securities. (2) No Default or Event of Default with respect to the Securities of such series shall have occurred and be continuing on the date of such deposit or shall occur as a result of such deposit, and no Default or Event of Default under clause (5) or (6) of Section 501 hereof shall occur and be continuing, at any time during the period ending on the 31st day after the date of such deposit (it being understood that this condition shall not be deemed satisfied until the expiration of such period). (3) Such deposit, Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance shall not result in a breach or violation of, or constitute a default under, any other agreement or instrument to which the Company is a party or by which it is bound. (4) In the case of an election with respect to Section 1302, the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee either (A) a ruling directed to the Trustee received from the Internal Revenue Service to the effect that the Holders of the Outstanding Securities of such series will not recognize income, gain or loss for federal income tax purposes as a result of such Defeasance and will be subject to federal income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such Defeasance had not occurred or (B) an Opinion of Counsel, based on a ruling published by the Internal Revenue Service or on a change in the applicable federal income tax law since the date of this Indenture, in either case to the effect that, and based thereon such opinion shall confirm that, the Holders of the Outstanding Securities of such series will not recognize income, gain or loss for federal income tax purposes as a result of such Defeasance and will be subject to federal income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such Defeasance had not occurred. (5) In the case of an election with respect to Section 1303, the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel or a ruling directed to the Trustee received from the Internal Revenue Service to the effect that the Holders of the Outstanding Securities of such series will not recognize income, gain or loss for federal income tax purposes as a result of such Covenant Defeasance and will be subject to federal income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such Covenant Defeasance had not occurred. (6) Such Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance shall be effected in compliance with any additional terms, conditions or limitations which may be imposed on the Company in connection therewith pursuant to Section 301. (7) The Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an Officer's Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions precedent provided for relating to either the Defeasance under Section 1302 or the Covenant Defeasance under Section 1303 (as the case may be) have been complied with. SECTION 1305. Deposited Money and Government Obligations To Be Held In Trust. Subject to the provisions of the last paragraph of Section 1009, all money and Government Obligations (including the proceeds thereof) deposited with the Trustee (or other qualifying trustee--collectively for purposes of this Section 1305, the "Trustee") pursuant to Section 1304 in respect of the Outstanding Securities of a particular series shall be held in trust and applied by the Trustee, in accordance with the provisions of such Securities and this 47 55 Indenture, to the payment, either directly or through any Paying Agent (including the Company acting as its own Paying Agent) as the Trustee may determine, to the Holders of such Securities of all sums due and to become due thereon in respect of principal (and premium, if any) and interest, but such money need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required by law. The Company shall pay and indemnify the Trustee against any tax, fee or other charge imposed on or assessed against the Government Obligations deposited pursuant to Section 1304 or the principal and interest received in respect thereof, other than any such tax, fee or other charge which by law is for the account of the Holders of the Outstanding Securities of such series. Anything in this Article to the contrary notwithstanding, the Trustee shall deliver to pay to the Company from time to time upon Company Request any money or Government Obligations held by it as provided ln Section 1304 which, in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants expressed in a written certification thereof delivered to the Trustee, are in excess of the amount thereof which would then be required to be deposited for the purpose for which such money or Government Obligations were deposited. ARTICLE 14 MISCELLANEOUS SECTION 1401. Miscellaneous. This instrument may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which so executed shall be deemed to be an original, but all such counterparts shall together constitute but one and the same instrument. 48 56 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Indenture to be duly executed by their respective officers thereunto duly authorized, as of the day and year first above written. KENNAMETAL INC., as Issuer By _______________________________________________ Name: Title: THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF CHICAGO, as Trustee By _______________________________________________ Name: Title:
   1
                                                                     Exhibit 4.8

                       -----------------------------------
                          FIRST SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURE

                           Dated as of January , 1998

                                     between

                                KENNAMETAL INC.,

                                    AS ISSUER

                                       and

                       THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF CHICAGO,

                                   AS TRUSTEE
                       -----------------------------------

   2


TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ---- ARTICLE I DEFINITIONS .................................................1 SECTION 1.1. Definition of Terms ..............................................................1 ARTICLE II GENERAL TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THE DEBENTURES .........................................3 SECTION 2.1. Designation and Principal Amount .................................................3 SECTION 2.2. Maturity .........................................................................3 SECTION 2.3. Form and Payment .................................................................3 SECTION 2.4. Global Debenture .................................................................4 SECTION 2.5. Interest .........................................................................5 ARTICLE III REDEMPTION OF THE DEBENTURES ............................................5 SECTION 3.1. Tax Event Redemption .............................................................5 SECTION 3.2. Redemption Procedure for Debentures ..............................................6 SECTION 3.3. No Sinking Fund ..................................................................6 SECTION 3.4. Option to Put Debentures .........................................................6 SECTION 3.5. Repurchase Procedure for Debentures ..............................................6 ARTICLE IV EXTENSION OF INTEREST PAYMENT PERIOD .........................................7 SECTION 4.1. Extension of Interest Payment Period .............................................7 SECTION 4.2. Notice of Extension ..............................................................8 SECTION 4.3. Limitation of Transactions .......................................................8 ARTICLE V EXPENSES ................................................................8 SECTION 5.1. Payment of Expenses ..............................................................8 SECTION 5.2. Payment Upon Resignation or Removal ..............................................9 ARTICLE VI NOTICE ..................................................................9 SECTION 6.1. Notice by the Company ............................................................9 ARTICLE VII FORM OF DEBENTURE ...........................................................9 SECTION 7.1. Form of Debenture ................................................................9 ARTICLE VIII ORIGINAL ISSUE OF DEBENTURES ......................................................18 SECTION 8.1. Original Issue of Debentures ....................................................18
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Page ---- ARTICLE IX MISCELLANEOUS .............................................................18 SECTION 9.1. Ratification of Indenture .......................................................18 SECTION 9.2. Trustee Not Responsible for Recitals ............................................18 SECTION 9.3. Governing Law ...................................................................18 SECTION 9.4. Separability ....................................................................18 SECTION 9.5. Counterparts ....................................................................18
ii 4 FIRST SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURE, dated as of January , 1998 (the "First Supplemental Indenture"), between KENNAMETAL INC., a corporation duly organized and existing under the laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, (the "Company"), and The First National Bank of Chicago, a national banking association, as trustee (the "Trustee"). WHEREAS, the Company executed and delivered the indenture dated as of January , 1998 (the "Base Indenture"), to the Trustee to provide for the future issuance of the Company's unsecured debentures, notes or other evidence of indebtedness (the "Securities"), to be issued from time to time in one or more series as might be determined by the Company under the Base Indenture; WHEREAS, pursuant to the terms of the Base Indenture, the Company desires to provide for the establishment of a new series of its Securities to be known as its ___% Debentures due February 16, 2003 (the "Debentures"), the form and substance of such Debentures and the terms, provisions and conditions thereof to be set forth as provided in the Base Indenture and this First Supplemental Indenture (together, the "Indenture"); WHEREAS, Kennametal Financing I, a Delaware statutory business trust (the "Trust"), has offered to the public its ___% Trust Originated Preferred Securities (the "Preferred Securities"), representing preferred, undivided beneficial interests in the assets of the Trust, and proposes to invest the proceeds from such offering, together with the proceeds of the issuance and sale by the Trust to the Company of its ___% Trust Originated Common Securities (the "Common Securities" and together with the Preferred Securities, the "Trust Securities"), in the Debentures; and WHEREAS, the Company has requested that the Trustee execute and deliver this First Supplemental Indenture and all requirements necessary to make this First Supplemental Indenture a valid instrument in accordance with its terms, and to make the Debentures, when executed by the Company and authenticated and delivered by the Trustee, the valid obligations of the Company and all acts and things necessary have been done and performed to make this First Supplemental Indenture enforceable in accordance with its terms, and the execution and delivery of this First Supplemental Indenture has been duly authorized in all respects: NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the purchase and acceptance of the Debentures by the Holders thereof, and for the purpose of setting forth, as provided in the Indenture, the form and substance of the Debentures and the terms, provisions and conditions thereof, the Company covenants and agrees with the Trustee as follows: ARTICLE I DEFINITIONS SECTION 1.1. Definition of Terms. Unless the context otherwise requires: (a) a term defined in the Indenture has the same meaning when used in this First Supplemental Indenture; (b) a term defined anywhere in this First Supplemental Indenture has the same meaning throughout; (c) the singular includes the plural and vice versa; (d) headings are for convenience of reference only and do not affect interpretation; (e) the following terms have the meanings given to them in the Declaration: (i) Authorized Newspaper; (ii) Business Day; (iii) Clearing Agency; (iv) Delaware Trustee; (v) DTC; (vi) FELINE PRIDES; (vii) Growth PRIDES; 5 (viii)Income PRIDES; (xix) Institutional Trustee; (x) Investment Company Event; (xi) Preferred Security Certificate; (xii) Pricing Agreement; (xiii) Purchase Agreement; (xiv) Regular Trustees; (xv) Reset Agent; (xvi) Reset Announcement Date; (xvii) Reset Spread; (xviii) Two-Year Benchmark Treasury; and (xix) Treasury Securities. (f) the following terms have the meanings given to them in this Section 1.11(f): "Applicable Principal Amount" means either (i) if the Tax Event Redemption Date occurs prior to February 16, 2001, the aggregate principal amount of the Debentures corresponding to the aggregate stated liquidation amount of the Preferred Securities which are components of Income PRIDES on the Tax Event Redemption Date or (ii) if the Tax Event Redemption occurs on or after February 16, 2001, the aggregate principal amount of the Debentures corresponding to the aggregate stated liquidation amount of the Preferred Securities outstanding on such Tax Event Redemption Date. "Compounded Interest" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4.1. "Coupon Rate" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.5. "Debentures Redemption Price" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3.4. "Declaration" means the Amended and Restated Agreement of Trust of Kennametal Financing I, a Delaware statutory business trust, dated as of January, 1998. "Deferred Interest" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4.1 hereof. "Dissolution Event" means that, as a result of the occurrence and continuation of a Tax Event, an Investment Company Event or otherwise, the Trust is to be dissolved in accordance with the Declaration, and, except in the case of a Tax Event Redemption, the Debentures held by the Institutional Trustee are to be distributed to the holders of the Trust Securities issued by the Trust pro rata in accordance with the Declaration. "Extended Interest Payment Period" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4.1. "Failed Remarketing" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5.4(b) of the Purchase Contract Agreement. "Global Debentures" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.4. "Non Book-Entry Preferred Securities" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2.4. "Purchase Contract" shall have the meaning set forth in the Purchase Contract Agreement, dated as of January , 1998, between the Company and The First National Bank of Chicago, as purchase contract agent. "Purchase Contract Settlement Date" means February 16, 2001. "Put Option" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3.4. "Quotation Agent" means (i) Merrill Lynch Government Securities, Inc. and its respective successors, provided, however, that if the foregoing shall cease to be a Primary Treasury Dealer, the Company shall substitute therefor another Primary Treasury Dealer, and (ii) any other Primary Treasury Dealer selected by the Company. "Redemption Amount" means for each Debenture, the product of (i) the principal amount of such Debenture and (ii) the Treasury Portfolio Purchase Price expressed as a percentage of the Applicable Principal Amount. 2 6 "Tax Event" means the receipt by the Trust of an opinion of a nationally recognized independent tax counsel experienced in such matters to the effect that, as a result of (a) any amendment to, or change (including any announced prospective change) in, the laws (or any regulations thereunder) of the United States or any political subdivision or taxing authority thereof or therein affecting taxation, (b) any amendment to or change in an interpretation or application of such laws or regulations by any legislative body, court, governmental agency or regulatory authority or (c) any interpretation or pronouncement that provides for a position with respect to such laws or regulations that differs from the generally accepted position on the date the Trust Securities are issued, which amendment or change is effective or which interpretation or pronouncement is announced on or after the date of issuance of the Trust Securities under the Declaration, there is more than an insubstantial risk that (i) interest payable by the Company on the Debentures would not be deductible, in whole or in part, by the Company for federal income tax purposes or (ii) the Trust would be subject to more than a de minimis amount of other taxes, duties or other governmental charges. "Tax Event Redemption Date" shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3.1 hereof. "Treasury Portfolio" means with respect to the Applicable Principal Amount of Debentures (a) if the Tax Event Redemption Date occurs prior to February 16, 2001, a portfolio of zero-coupon U.S. Treasury Securities consisting of (i) principal or interest strips of U.S. Treasury Securities which mature on or prior to February 15, 2001 in an aggregate amount equal to the Applicable Principal Amount and (ii) with respect to each scheduled interest payment date on the Debentures that occurs after the Tax Event Redemption Date principal or interest strips of U.S. Treasury Securities which mature on or prior to such date in an aggregate amount equal to the aggregate interest payment that would be due on the Applicable Principal Amount of the Debentures on such date, and (b) if the Tax Event Redemption Date occurs after February 16, 2001, a portfolio of zero-coupon U.S. Treasury Securities consisting of (i) principal or interest strips of U.S. Treasury Securities which mature on or prior to February 15, 2003 in an aggregate amount equal to the Applicable Principal Amount and (ii) with respect to each scheduled interest payment date on the Debentures that occurs after the Tax Event Redemption Date interest or principal strips of such U.S. Treasury Securities which mature on or prior to such date in an aggregate amount equal to the aggregate interest payment that would be due on the Applicable Principal Amount of the Debentures on such date. "Treasury Portfolio Purchase Price" means the lowest aggregate price quoted by a primary U.S. government securities dealer in New York City (a "Primary Treasury Dealer") to the Quotation Agent on the third Business Day immediately preceding the Tax Event Redemption Date for the purchase of the Treasury Portfolio for settlement on the Tax Event Redemption Date. (g) the following terms shall have the meanings given to them in the Purchase Contract: Collateral Agent. ARTICLE II GENERAL TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THE DEBENTURES SECTION 2.1. Designation and Principal Amount. There is hereby authorized a series of Securities designated the ___% Debentures (the "Debentures") due February 16, 2003, limited in aggregate principal amount to $232,000,000, which amount shall be as set forth in any written order of the Company for the authentication and delivery of Debentures pursuant to Section 303 of the Base Indenture. SECTION 2.2. Maturity. The Maturity Date will be February 16, 2003. SECTION 2.3. Form and Payment. 3 7 Except as provided in Section 2.4, the Debentures shall be issued in fully registered certificated form without interest coupons and in denominations of $50 and integral multiples thereof. Principal and interest on the Debentures issued in certificated form will be payable, the transfer of such Debentures will be registrable and such Debentures will be exchangeable for Debentures of other denominations of a like aggregate principal amount and provisions at the office or agency of the Institutional Trustee; provided, however, that payment of interest may be made at the option of the Company by check mailed to the Holder at such address as shall appear in the Security Register or by wire transfer to an account appropriately designated by the holder entitled thereto. Notwithstanding the foregoing, so long as the Holder of any Debentures is the Institutional Trustee, the payment of the principal of and interest (including Compounded Interest and expenses and taxes of the Trust set forth in Section 4.1 hereof, if any) on such Debentures held by the Institutional Trustee will be made at such place and to such account as may be designated by the Institutional Trustee. SECTION 2.4. Global Debenture. (a) In connection with a Dissolution Event, (i) the Debentures in certificated form may be presented to the Trustee by the Institutional Trustee in exchange for a global Debenture in an aggregate principal amount equal to the aggregate principal amount of all outstanding Debentures except for the aggregate principal amount of Debentures to be issued pursuant to subparagraph (ii) below (a "Global Debenture"), to be registered in the name of the Clearing Agency, or its nominee, and delivered by the Institutional Trustee to the Clearing Agency for crediting to the accounts of its participants pursuant to the instructions of the Regular Trustees. The Company upon any such presentation shall execute a Global Debenture in such aggregate principal amount and deliver the same to the Trustee for authentication and delivery in accordance with the Indenture. Payments on the Debentures issued as a Global Debenture will be made to the Clearing Agency; and (ii) any Preferred Security Certificate which represents Preferred Securities other than Preferred Securities held by the Clearing Agency or its nominee ("Non Book-Entry Preferred Securities") will be deemed to represent beneficial interests in the Debentures presented to the Trustee by the Institutional Trustee having an aggregate principal amount equal to the aggregate liquidation amount of the Non Book-Entry Preferred Securities until such Preferred Security Certificates are presented to the Security Registrar for transfer or reissuance at which time such Preferred Security Certificates will be cancelled and a Debenture, registered in the name of the holder of the Preferred Security Certificate or the transferee of the holder of such Preferred Security Certificate, as the case may be, with an aggregate principal amount equal to the aggregate liquidation amount of the Preferred Security Certificate cancelled, will be executed by the Company and delivered to the Trustee for authentication and delivery in accordance with the Indenture to such holder. On issue of such Debentures, Debentures with an equivalent aggregate principal amount that were presented by the Institutional Trustee to the Trustee will be deemed to have been cancelled. (b) Unless and until it is exchanged for the Debentures in registered form, a Global Debenture may be transferred, in whole but not in part, only to another nominee of the Clearing Agency, or to a successor Clearing Agency selected or approved by the Company or to a nominee of such successor Clearing Agency. (c)If at any time the Clearing Agency notifies the Company that it is unwilling or unable to continue as a Clearing Agency or if at any time the Clearing Agency for such series shall no longer be registered or in good standing under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or other applicable statute or regulation, and a successor Clearing Agency for such series is not appointed by the Company within 90 days after the Company receives such notice or becomes aware of such condition, as the case may be, the Company will execute, and, subject to Article III of the Indenture, the Trustee, upon written notice from the Company, will authenticate and deliver the Debentures in definitive registered form without coupons, in authorized denominations, and in an aggregate principal amount equal to the principal amount of the Global Debenture in exchange for such Global Debenture. In addition, the Company may at any time determine that the Debentures shall no longer be represented by Global Debenture. In such event 4 8 the Company will execute, and subject to Section 3.3 of the Base Indenture, the Trustee, upon receipt of an Officer's Certificate evidencing such determination by the Company, will authenticate and deliver the Debentures in definitive registered form without coupons, in authorized denominations, and in an aggregate principal amount equal to the principal amount of the Global Debenture in exchange for such Global Debenture. Upon the exchange of the Global Debenture for such Debentures in definitive registered form without coupons, in authorized denominations, the Global Debenture shall be cancelled by the Trustee. Such Debentures in definitive registered form issued in exchange for the Global Debenture shall be registered in such names and in such authorized denominations as the Clearing Agency, pursuant to instructions from its direct or indirect participants or otherwise, shall instruct the Trustee. The Trustee shall deliver such Securities to the Clearing Agency for delivery to the Persons in whose names such Securities are so registered. SECTION 2.5. Interest. (a) Each Debenture will bear interest initially at the rate of ___% per annum (the Coupon Rate") from the original date of issuance until February 15, 2001, and at the Reset Rate thereafter until the principal thereof becomes due and payable, and on any overdue principal and (to the extent that payment of such interest is enforceable under applicable law) on any overdue installment of interest at the rate of ___% until February 15, 2001 and at the Reset Rate thereafter, compounded quarterly, payable (subject to the provisions of Article IV herein) quarterly in arrears on February 16, May 16, August 16 and November 16 of each year (each, an "Interest Payment Date") commencing on February 16, 1998, to the Person in whose name such Debenture or any predecessor Debenture is registered, at the close of business on the Regular Record Date for such interest installment, which, in respect of (i) Debentures of which the Institutional Trustee is the Holder and the Preferred Securities are in book-entry only form or (ii) a Global Debenture, shall be the close of business on the Business Day next preceding that Interest Payment Date. Notwithstanding the foregoing sentence, if (i) the Debentures are held by the Institutional Trustee and the Preferred Securities are no longer in book-entry only form or (ii) the Debentures are not represented by a Global Debenture, the Company may select a Regular Record Date for such interest installment which shall be more than one Business Day but less than 60 Business Days prior to an Interest Payment Date. (b) The Coupon Rate on the Debentures will be reset on the third Business Day immediately preceding the Purchase Contract Settlement Date to the Reset Rate (which Reset Rate will become effective on and after the Purchase Contract Settlement Date). On the tenth (10) Business Day immediately preceding the Purchase Contract Settlement Date, the Reset Announcement Date, the Reset Spread and the relevant Two-Year Benchmark Treasury will be announced by the Company. On the Business Day immediately following such Reset Announcement Date, the Holders of Debentures will be notified of such Reset Spread and Two-Year Benchmark Treasury by the Company. Such notice shall be sufficiently given to such Holders of Debentures if published in an Authorized Newspaper. (c) Not later than seven calendar days nor more than 15 calendar days immediately preceding the Reset Announcement Date, the Company will request that the Clearing Agency or its nominee (or any successor Clearing Agency or its nominee) or the Institutional Trustee, notify the Holders of Debentures of such Reset Announcement Date and the procedures to be followed by such holders of Debentures wishing to settle the related Purchase Contract with separate cash on the Business Day immediately preceding the Purchase Contract Settlement Date. (d) The amount of interest payable for any period will be computed on the basis of a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months. Except as provided in the following sentence, the amount of interest payable for any period shorter than a full quarterly period for which interest is computed, will be computed on the basis of the actual number of days elapsed in such a 90-day period. In the event that any date on which interest is payable on the Debentures is not a Business Day, then payment of interest payable on such date will be made on the next succeeding day which is a Business Day (and without any interest or other payment in respect of any such delay), except that, if such Business Day is in the next succeeding calendar year, such payment shall be made on the immediately preceding Business Day, in each case with the same force and effect as if made on such date. 5 9 ARTICLE III REDEMPTION OF THE DEBENTURES SECTION 3.1. Tax Event Redemption. If a Tax Event shall occur and be continuing, the Company may, at its option, redeem the Debentures in whole (but not in part) at any time at a Redemption Price per Debenture equal to the Redemption Amount plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon, including Compounded Interest and the expenses and taxes of the Trust set forth in Section 4.1 hereof, if any, to the date of such redemption (the "Tax Event Redemption Date"). If, following the occurrence of a Tax Event, the Company exercises its option to redeem the Debentures, then the proceeds of such redemption, if distributed to the Institutional Trustee as the sole Holder of such Debentures, will be applied by the Institutional Trustee to redeem Trust Securities having an aggregate liquidation amount equal to the aggregate principal amount of the Debentures so redeemed, at the Redemption Price. If, following the occurrence of a Tax Event, the Company exercises its option to redeem the Debentures, the Company shall appoint the Quotation Agent to assemble the Treasury Portfolio in consultation with the Company. Notice of any redemption will be mailed at least 30 days but not more than 60 days before the Tax Event Redemption Date to each registered Holder of the Debentures to be prepaid at its registered address. Unless the Company defaults in payment of the Redemption Price, on and after the redemption date interest shall cease to accrue on such Debentures. SECTION 3.2. Redemption Procedure for Debentures. Payment of the Redemption Price to each Holder of Debentures shall be made by the Paying Agent, no later than 12:00 noon, New York City time, on the Tax Event Redemption Date, by check or wire transfer in immediately available funds at such place and to such account as may be designated by each such Holder of Debentures, including the Institutional Trustee or the Collateral Agent, as the case may be. If the Trustee holds immediately available funds sufficient to pay the Redemption Price of the Debentures (or, if the Company is acting as Paying Agent or the Institutional Trustee has received the Redemption Price), then, on such Tax Event Redemption Date, such Debentures will cease to be outstanding and interest thereon will cease to accrue, whether or not such Debentures have been received by the Company, and all other rights of the Holder in respect of the Debentures shall terminate and lapse (other than the right to receive the Redemption Price upon delivery of such Debentures but without interest on such Redemption Price). SECTION 3.3. No Sinking Fund. The Debentures are not entitled to the benefit of any sinking fund. SECTION 3.4. Option to Put Debentures. If a Failed Remarketing has occurred, each Holder of Debentures who holds such Debentures on the day immediately following the Purchase Contract Settlement Date shall have the right (the "Put Option") on or after the Business Day immediately following the Purchase Contract Settlement Date, upon at least three Business Days' prior notice, to require the Company to repurchase such Holder's Debentures on March 2, 2001 (the "Put Option Exercise 6 10 Date"), either in whole or in part, at a repayment price per Debenture equal to $50, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, thereon to the date of payment including deferred interest, if any (the "Debenture Repayment Price"). SECTION 3.5. Repurchase Procedure for Debentures. (a) In order for the Debentures to be repurchased on the Put Option Exercise Date, the Company must receive on or prior to 5:00 p.m. New York City time on the third Business Day immediately preceding the Put Option Exercise Date, at the principal executive offices of Kennametal Inc. in Latrobe, Pennsylvania, the Debentures to be repurchased with the form entitled "Option to Elect Repayment" on the reverse of or otherwise accompanying such Debentures duly completed. Any such notice received by the Trustee shall be irrevocable. All questions as to the validity, eligibility (including time of receipt) and acceptance of the Debentures for repayment shall be determined by the Company, whose determination shall be final and binding. (b) Payment of the Debentures Repayment Price to Holders of Debentures shall be made through the Trustee, subject to the Trustee's receipt of payment from the Company in accordance with the terms of the Indenture either through the Trustee or the Company acting as Paying Agent, no later than 12:00 noon, New York City time, on the Put Option Exercise Date, and to such account as may be designated by such Holders. If the Trustee holds immediately available funds sufficient to pay the Debentures Repayment Price of the Debentures presented for repayment (or, if the Company is acting as Paying Agent and the Institutional Trustee has received the Debentures Repayment Price), then, immediately prior to the close of business on the Business Day immediately preceding the Put Option Exercise Date, such Debentures will cease to be outstanding and interest thereon will cease to accrue, whether or not such Debentures have been received by the Company, and all other rights of the Holder in respect of the Debentures, including the Holder's right to require the Company to repay such Debentures, shall terminate and lapse (other than the right to receive the Debentures Repayment Price upon delivery of such Debentures but without interest on such Debentures Repayment Price). Neither the Trustee nor the Company will be required to register or cease to be registered the transfer of any Debentures for which repayment has been elected. ARTICLE IV EXTENSION OF INTEREST PAYMENT PERIOD SECTION 4.1. Extension of Interest Payment Period. The Company shall have the right at any time, and from time to time, during the term of the Debentures, to defer payments of interest by extending the interest payment period of such Debentures for a period not extending, in the aggregate, beyond the Maturity Date of the Debentures (the "Extended Interest Payment Period"), during which Extended Interest Payment Period no interest shall be due and payable. To the extent permitted by applicable law, interest, the payment of which has been deferred because of the extension of the interest payment period pursuant to this Section 4.1, will bear interest thereon at the rate of ___% until February 15, 2001, and at the Reset Rate thereafter compounded quarterly for each quarter of the Extended Interest Payment Period ("Compounded Interest"). At the end of the Extended Interest Payment Period, the Company shall pay all interest accrued and unpaid on the Debentures, including any expenses and taxes of the Trust set forth in Section 5.1 hereof and Compounded Interest (together, "Deferred Interest") that shall be payable to the Holders of the Debentures in whose names the Debentures are registered in the Security Register on the first record date after the end of the Extended Interest Payment Period; provided, however, that during any such Extended Interest Payment Period, (a) the Company shall not declare or pay dividends on or make any distribution with respect to, or redeem, purchase, acquire or make a liquidation payment with respect to, any of its capital stock (other than (i) purchases or acquisitions of capital stock of the Company in connection with the satisfaction by the Company of its obligations under any employee or agent benefit plans or the satisfaction by the Company of its obligations pursuant to any contract or security outstanding on the date of such event requiring the Company to purchase capital stock of the Company, (ii) as a result of a reclassification of the Company's capital stock or the exchange or conversion of one class or series of the Company's capital stock for another class or 7 11 series of the Company capital stock, (iii) the purchase of fractional interests in shares of the Company's capital stock pursuant to the conversion or exchange provisions of such capital stock or the security being converted or exchanged, (iv) dividends or distributions in capital stock of the Company (or rights to acquire capital stock) or repurchases or redemptions of capital stock solely from the issuance or exchange of capital stock or (v) redemptions or repurchases of any rights outstanding under a shareholder rights plan and the declaration thereunder of a dividend of rights in the future), (b) the Company shall not make any payment of interest, principal or premium, if any, on or repay, repurchase or redeem any debt securities issued by the Company that rank junior to the Debentures, and (c) the Company shall not make any guarantee payments with respect to the foregoing (other than payments pursuant to the Guarantee or the Common Securities Guarantee). Prior to the termination of any Extended Interest Payment Period, the Company may further extend such period, provided that such period together with all such previous and further extensions thereof shall not extend beyond the Maturity Date of the Debentures. Upon the termination of any Extended Interest Payment Period and the payment of all Deferred Interest then due, the Company may commence a new Extended Interest Payment Period, subject to the foregoing requirements. No interest shall be due and payable during an Extended Interest Payment Period, except at the end thereof, but the Company, at its option, may prepay on any Interest Payment Date all or any portion of the interest accrued during the then elapsed portion of an Extended Interest Payment Period. SECTION 4.2. Notice of Extension. (a) If the Institutional Trustee is the only registered Holder of the Debentures at the time the Company selects an Extended Interest Payment Period, the Company shall give written notice to the Regular Trustees, the Institutional Trustee and the Trustee of its selection of such Extended Interest Payment Period one Business Day before the earlier of (i) the next succeeding date on which Distributions on the Trust Securities issued by the Trust are payable, or (ii) the date the Trust is required to give notice of the record date, or the date such Distributions are payable, to the New York Stock Exchange or other applicable self-regulatory organization or to holders of the Preferred Securities issued by the Trust, but in any event at least one Business Day before such record date. (b) If the Institutional Trustee is not the only Holder of the Debentures at the time the Company selects an Extended Interest Payment Period, the Company shall give the Holders of the Debentures and the Trustee written notice of its selection of such Extended Interest Payment Period at least 10 Business Days before the earlier of (i) the next succeeding Interest Payment Date, or (ii) the date the Company is required to give notice of the record or payment date of such interest payment to the New York Stock Exchange or other applicable self-regulatory organization or to Holders of the Debentures. SECTION 4.3. Limitation of Transactions. If (i) the Company shall exercise its right to defer payment of interest as provided in Section 4.1, or (ii) there shall have occurred any Event of Default, as defined in the Indenture, then (a) the Company shall not declare or pay dividends or make any distribution with respect to, or redeem, purchase, acquire or make a liquidation payment with respect to, any of its capital stock (other than (i) purchases or acquisitions of capital stock of the Company in connection with the satisfaction by the Company of its obligations under any employee or agent benefit plans or the satisfaction by the Company of its obligations pursuant to any contract or security outstanding on the date of such event requiring the Company to purchase capital stock of the Company, (ii) as a result of a reclassification of the Company's capital stock or the exchange or conversion of one class or series of the Company's capital stock for another class or series of the Company capital stock, (iii) the purchase of fractional interests in shares of the Company's capital stock pursuant to the conversion or exchange provisions of such capital stock or the security being converted or exchanged, (iv) dividends or distributions in capital stock of the Company (or rights to acquire capital stock) or repurchases or redemptions of capital stock solely from the issuance or exchange of capital stock and (v) redemptions or repurchases of any rights outstanding under a shareholder rights plan and the declaration thereunder of a dividend of rights in the future), (b) the Company shall not make any payment of interest, principal or premium, if any, on or repay, repurchase or redeem any debt securities issued by the Company that rank junior to the Debentures, and (c) the 8 12 Company shall not make any guarantee payments with respect to the foregoing (other than payments pursuant to the Guarantee or the Common Securities Guarantee). ARTICLE V EXPENSES SECTION 5.1. Payment of Expenses. In connection with the offering, sale and issuance of the Debentures to the Institutional Trustee and in connection with the sale of the Trust Securities by the Trust, the Company, in its capacity as borrower with respect to the Debentures, shall: (a) pay all costs and expenses relating to the offering, sale and issuance of the Debentures, including commissions to the underwriters payable pursuant to the Purchase Agreement and the Pricing Agreement and compensation of the Trustee under the Indenture in accordance with the provisions of Section 609 of the Base Indenture; (b) pay all costs and expenses of the Trust (including, but not limited to, costs and expenses relating to the organization of the Trust, the offering, sale and issuance of the Trust Securities (including commissions to the underwriters in connection therewith), the fees and expenses of the Institutional Trustee and the Delaware Trustee, the costs and expenses relating to the operation of the Trust, including without limitation, costs and expenses of accountants, attorneys, statistical or bookkeeping services, expenses for printing and engraving and computing or accounting equipment, paying agent(s), registrar(s), transfer agent(s), duplicating, travel and telephone and other telecommunications expenses and costs and expenses incurred in connection with the acquisition, financing, and disposition of Trust assets) to which the Trust might become subject; (c) be primarily liable for any indemnification obligations arising with respect to the Declaration; and (d) pay any and all taxes (other than United States withholding taxes attributable to the Trust or its assets) and all liabilities, costs and expenses with respect to such taxes of the Trust. SECTION 5.2. Payment Upon Resignation or Removal. Upon termination of this First Supplemental Indenture or the Base Indenture or the removal or resignation of the Trustee pursuant to this Section 5.2, the Company shall pay to the Trustee all amounts accrued to the date of such termination, removal or resignation. Upon termination of the Declaration or the removal or resignation of the Delaware Trustee or the Institutional Trustee, as the case may be, pursuant to Section 5.6 of the Declaration, the Company shall pay to the Delaware Trustee or the Institutional Trustee, as the case may be, all amounts accrued to the date of such termination, removal or resignation. ARTICLE IV NOTICE SECTION 6.1. Notice by the Company. The Company shall give prompt written notice to a Responsible Officer of the Trustee of any fact known to the Company that would prohibit the making of any payment of monies to or by the Trustee in respect of the Debentures pursuant to the provisions of this Article VI. Notwithstanding any of the provisions of the Base Indenture and this First Supplemental Indenture, the Trustee shall not be charged with knowledge of the existence of any facts 9 13 that would prohibit the making of any payment of monies to or by the Trustee in respect of the Debentures pursuant to the provisions of the Base Indenture, unless and until a Responsible Officer of the Trustee shall have received written notice thereof from the Company or a holder or holders of Senior Indebtedness or from any trustee therefor and before the receipt of any such written notice, the Trustee, subject to the provisions of the Base Indenture, shall be entitled in all respects to assume that no such facts exist; provided, however, that if the Trustee shall not have received the notice provided for in this Article VI at least two Business Days prior to the date upon which by the terms hereof any money may become payable for any purpose (including, without limitation, the payment of the principal of (or premium, if any) or interest on any Debenture), then, anything herein contained to the contrary notwithstanding, the Trustee shall have full power and authority to receive such money and to apply the same to the purposes for which they were received, and shall not be affected by any notice to the contrary that may be received by it within two Business Days prior to such date. ARTICLE VII FORM OF DEBENTURE SECTION 7.1. Form of Debenture. The Debentures and the Trustee's Certificate of Authentication to be endorsed thereon are to be substantially in the following forms: (FORM OF FACE OF DEBENTURE) [IF THE DEBENTURE IS TO BE A GLOBAL DEBENTURE, INSERT - This Debenture is a Global Debenture within the meaning of the Indenture hereinafter referred to and is registered in the name of the Clearing Agency or a nominee of the Clearing Agency. This Debenture is exchangeable for Debentures registered in the name of a person other than the Clearing Agency or its nominee only in the limited circumstances described in the Indenture, and no transfer of this Debenture (other than a transfer of this Debenture as a whole by the Clearing Agency to a nominee of the Clearing Agency or by a nominee of the Clearing Agency to the Clearing Agency or another nominee of the Clearing Agency) may be registered except in limited circumstances. Unless this Debenture is presented by an authorized representative of The Depository Trust Company (55 Water Street, New York, New York) to the issuer or its agent for registration of transfer, exchange or payment, and any Debenture issued is registered in the name of Cede & Co. or such other name as requested by an authorized representative of The Depository Trust Company and any payment hereon is made to Cede & Co., ANY TRANSFER, PLEDGE OR OTHER USE HEREOF FOR VALUE OR OTHERWISE BY A PERSON IS WRONGFUL since the registered owner hereof, Cede & Co., has an interest herein.] No. _________________________ $ ___________________________ CUSIP No. ___________________ KENNAMETAL INC. ___% DEBENTURE DUE FEBRUARY 16, 2003 KENNAMETAL INC., a Pennsylvania corporation (the "Company", which term includes any successor corporation under the Indenture hereinafter referred to), for value received, hereby promises to pay to ____________________, the principal sum of ___________________ ($______________) on February 16, 2003 10 14 (such date is hereinafter referred to as the "Maturity Date"), and to pay interest on said principal sum from January , 1998, or from the most recent interest payment date (each such date, an "Interest Payment Date") to which interest has been paid or duly provided for, quarterly (subject to deferral as set forth herein) in arrears on February 16, May 16, August 16 and November 16 of each year, commencing on February 16, 1998, initially at the rate of ___% per annum until February 15, 2001, and at the Reset Rate thereafter until the principal hereof shall have become due and payable, and on any overdue principal and premium, if any, and (without duplication and to the extent that payment of such interest is enforceable under applicable law) on any overdue installment of interest at the rate of ___% until February 15, 2001, and at the Reset Date thereafter, compounded quarterly. The interest rate will be reset on the third business day preceding February 16, 2001 to the Reset Rate (as determined by the Reset Agent). The amount of interest payable on any Interest Payment Date shall be computed on the basis of a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months. In the event that any date on which interest is payable on this Debenture is not a Business Day, then payment of interest payable on such date will be made on the next succeeding day that is a Business Day (and without any interest or other payment in respect of any such delay), except that, if such Business Day is in the next succeeding calendar year, such payment shall be made on the immediately preceding Business Day, in each case with the same force and effect as if made on such date. The interest installment so payable, and punctually paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment Date will, as provided in the Indenture, be paid to the person in whose name this Debenture (or one or more Predecessor Securities, as defined in said Indenture) is registered at the close of business on the regular record date for such interest installment which in the case of a Global Debenture shall be the close of business on the business day next preceding such Interest Payment Date; provided, however, if pursuant to the terms of the indenture the Debentures are no longer represented by a Global Debenture, the Company may select such regular record date for such interest installment which shall be more than one Business Day but less than 60 Business Days prior to an Interest Payment Date. Any such interest installment not punctually paid or duly provided for shall forthwith cease to be payable to the registered Holders on such regular record date and may be paid to the Person in whose name this Debenture (or one or more Predecessor Securities) is registered at the close of business on a special record date to be fixed by the Trustee for the payment of such defaulted interest, notice whereof shall be given to the registered Holders of this series of Debentures not less than 10 days prior to such special record date, or may be paid at any time in any other lawful manner not inconsistent with the requirements of any securities exchange on which the Debentures may be listed, and upon such notice as may be required by such exchange all as more fully provided in the Indenture. The principal of (and premium, if any) and the interest on this Debenture shall be payable at the office or agency of the Trustee maintained for that purpose in any coin or currency of the United States of America that at the time of payment is legal tender for payment of public and private debts; provided, however, that payment of interest may be made at the option of the Company by check mailed to the registered Holder at such address as shall appear in the Security Register or by wire transfer to an account appropriately designated by the Holder entitled thereto. Notwithstanding the foregoing, so long as the Holder of this Debenture is the Institutional Trustee or the Collateral Agent, the payment of the principal of (and premium, if any) and interest on this Debenture will be made at such place and to such account as may be designated in writing by the Institutional Trustee or the Collateral Agent. The indebtedness evidenced by this Debenture is, to the extent provided in the Indenture, senior and unsecured and will rank in right of payment on parity with all other senior unsecured obligations of the Company. This Debenture shall not be entitled to any benefit under the Indenture hereinafter referred to, be valid or become obligatory for any purpose until the Certificate of Authentication hereon shall have been signed by or on behalf of the Trustee. The provisions of this Debenture are continued on the reverse side hereof and such continued provisions shall for all purposes have the same effect as though fully set forth at this place. 11 15 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this instrument to be executed. Dated KENNAMETAL INC. By: ______________________________ Name: Title: Attest: By: ______________________________ Name: Title: 16 (FORM OF CERTIFICATE OF AUTHENTICATION) CERTIFICATE OF AUTHENTICATION This is one of the Debentures of the series of Debentures described in the within-mentioned Indenture. Dated _____________________ ___________________________ as Trustee By ________________________ Authorized Signatory (FORM OF REVERSE OF DEBENTURE) This Debenture is one of a duly authorized series of Securities of the Company (herein sometimes referred to as the "Securities"), specified in the Indenture, all issued or to be issued in one or more series under and pursuant to an Indenture dated as of January , 1998 (the "Base Indenture"), duly executed and delivered between the Company and The First National Bank of Chicago, as Trustee (the "Trustee") (as supplemented by a First Supplemental Indenture, dated January , 1998), (the Base Indenture as so supplemented, the "Indenture"), to which Indenture and all indentures supplemental thereto reference is hereby made for a description of the rights, limitations of rights, obligations, duties and immunities thereunder of the Trustee, the Company and the Holders of the Securities. By the terms of the Indenture, the Securities are issuable in series that may vary as to amount, date of maturity, rate of interest and in other respects as provided in the Indenture. This series of Securities is limited in aggregate principal amount as specified in said First Supplemental Indenture. If a Tax Event shall occur and be continuing, the Company may, at its option, redeem Debentures in whole (but not in part) at any time at a Redemption Price per Debenture equal to the Redemption Amount plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon, including Compounded Interest and expenses and taxes of the Trust (each as defined herein), if any, to the Tax Event Redemption Date. The Redemption Price shall be paid to each Holder of the Debenture by the Company, no later than 12:00 noon, New York City time, on the Tax Event Redemption Date, by check or wire transfer in immediately available funds, at such place and to such account as may be designated by each such Holder. The Debentures are not entitled to the benefit of any sinking fund. If a Failed Remarketing has occurred, each Holder of this Debenture who holds this Debenture on the day immediately following the Purchase Contract Settlement Date shall have the right (the "Put Option") on or after the Business Day immediately following the Purchase Contract Settlement Date, upon at least three Business Days' prior notice, to require the Company to repurchase such Holder's Debentures on March 2, 2001 (the "Put Option Exercise Date"), either in whole or in part, at a repayment price per Debenture equal to $50, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, thereon to the date of payment including deferred interest, if any (the "Debenture Repayment Price"). In order for the Debentures to be so repurchased, the Company must receive, on or prior to 5:00 p.m. New York City Time on the third Business Day immediately preceding the Put Option Exercise Date, at the principal executive offices of Kennametal Inc. in Latrobe, Pennsylvania, the Debentures to be repurchased with the form entitled "Option to Elect Repayment" on the reverse of or otherwise accompanying such Debentures duly completed. Any such notice received by the Trustee shall be irrevocable. All questions as to the validity, eligibility (including time of receipt) and 13 17 acceptance of the Debentures for repayment shall be determined by the Company, whose determination shall be final and binding. The payment of the Debentures Repayment Price in respect of such Debentures shall be made, either through the Trustee or the Company acting as Paying Agent, no later than 12:00 noon, New York City time, on the Put Option Exercise Date. In case an Event of Default, as defined in the Indenture, shall have occurred and be continuing, the principal of all of the Debentures may be declared, and upon such declaration shall become, due and payable, in the manner, with the effect and subject to the conditions provided in the Indenture. The Indenture contains provisions permitting the Company and the Trustee, with the consent of the Holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Debentures of each series affected at the time outstanding, as defined in the Indenture, to execute supplemental indentures for the purpose of, among other things, adding any provisions to or changing or eliminating any of the provisions of the Indenture or of any supplemental indenture or of modifying the rights of the Holders of the Debentures; provided, however, that, among other things, no such supplemental indenture shall (i) reduce the principal amount thereof, or reduce the rate or extend the time of payment of interest thereon (subject to the Company's right to defer such payments in the manner set forth herein), or reduce any premium payable upon the redemption thereof, without the consent of the Holder of each Debenture so affected, or (ii) reduce the aforesaid percentage of Debentures, the Holders of which are required to consent to any such supplemental indenture, without the consent of the Holders of each Debenture then outstanding and affected thereby. The Indenture also contains provisions permitting the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of any series at the time outstanding affected thereby, on behalf of all of the Holders of the Debentures of such series, to waive a Default or Event of Default with respect to such series, and its consequences, except a Default or Event of Default in the payment of the principal of or premium, if any, or interest on any of the Securities of such series. Any such consent or waiver by the registered Holder of this Debenture (unless revoked as provided in the Indenture) shall be conclusive and binding upon such Holder and upon all future Holders and owners of this Debenture and of any Debenture issued in exchange for or in place hereof (whether by registration of transfer or otherwise), irrespective of whether or not any notation of such consent or waiver is made upon this Debenture. No reference herein to the Indenture and no provision of this Debenture or of the Indenture shall alter or impair the obligation of the Company, which is absolute and unconditional, to pay the principal of and premium, if any, and interest on this Debenture at the time and place and at the rate and in the money herein prescribed. So long as the Company is not in default in the payment of interest on the Debenture, the Company shall have the right at any time during the term of the Debentures from time to time to extend the interest payment period of such Debentures for a period not extending, in the aggregate, beyond the Maturity Date of the Debentures (an "Extended Interest Payment Period"). At the end of an Extended Interest Payment Period, the Company shall pay all interest then accrued and unpaid (together with the interest thereon at the rate of ___% until February 15, 2001 and at the Reset Rate thereafter to the extent that payment of such interest is enforceable under applicable law). In the event that the Company exercises this right, then (a) the Company shall not declare or pay dividends or make any distribution with respect to, or redeem, purchase, acquire or make a liquidation payment with respect to, any of its capital stock (other than (i) purchases or acquisitions of capital stock of the Company in connection with the satisfaction by the Company of its obligations under any employee or agent benefit plans or the satisfaction by the Company of its obligations pursuant to any contract or security outstanding on the date of such event requiring the Company to purchase capital stock of the Company, (ii) as a result of a reclassification of the Company's capital stock or the exchange or conversion of one class or series of the Company's capital stock for another class or series of the Company capital stock, (iii) the purchase of fractional interests in shares of the Company's capital stock pursuant to the conversion or exchange provisions of such capital stock or the security being converted or exchanged, (iv) dividends or distributions in capital stock of the Company (or rights to acquire capital stock) or repurchases or redemptions of capital stock solely from the issuance or exchange of capital stock or (v) redemptions or purchases of any rights outstanding under a shareholder rights plan and the declaration thereunder of a dividend of rights in the future), (b) the Company shall not make any payment of interest, principal or premium, if any, or repay, repurchase 14 18 or redeem any debt securities issued by the Company that rank junior to the Debentures, and (c) the Company shall not make any guarantee payments with respect to the foregoing (other than payments pursuant to the Guarantee or the Common Securities Guarantee). Prior to the termination of any such Extended Interest Payment Period, the Company may further extend the interest payment period; provided, that such Extended Interest Payment Period, together with all such previous and further extensions thereof, may not extend beyond the Maturity Date of the Debenture. At the termination of any such Extended Interest Payment Period and upon the payment of all accrued and unpaid interest and any additional amount then due, the Company may commence a new Extended Interest Payment Period, subject to the above requirements. As provided in the Indenture and subject to certain limitations therein set forth, this Debenture is transferable by the registered Holder hereof on the Security Register of the Company, upon surrender of this Debenture for registration of transfer at the office or agency of the Trustee in the City of Chicago and State of Illinois accompanied by a written instrument or instruments of transfer in form satisfactory to the Company or the Trustee duly executed by the registered Holder hereof or his attorney duly authorized in writing, and thereupon one or more new Debentures of authorized denominations and for the same aggregate principal amount and series will be issued to the designated transferee or transferees. No service charge will be made for any such transfer, but the Company may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge payable in relation thereto. Prior to due presentment for registration of transfer of this Debenture, the Company, the Trustee, any Paying Agent and the Security Registrar may deem and treat the registered holder hereof as the absolute owner hereof (whether or not this Debenture shall be overdue and notwithstanding any notice of ownership or writing hereon made by anyone other than the Security Registrar) for the purpose of receiving payment of or on account of the principal hereof and premium, if any, and interest due hereon and for all other purposes, and neither the Company nor the Trustee nor any Paying Agent nor any Security Registrar shall be affected by any notice to the contrary. No recourse shall be had for the payment of the principal of or the interest on this Debenture, or for any claim based hereon, or otherwise in respect hereof, or based on or in respect of the Indenture, against any incorporator, shareholder, officer or director, past, present or future, as such, of the Company or of any predecessor or successor corporation, whether by virtue of any constitution, statute or rule of law, or by the enforcement of any assessment or penalty or otherwise, all such liability being, by the acceptance hereof and as part of the consideration for the issuance hereof, expressly waived and released. The Indenture imposes certain limitations on the ability of the Company to, among other things, merge or consolidate with any other Person or sell, assign, transfer or lease all or substantially all of its properties or assets. All such covenants and limitations are subject to a number of important qualifications and exceptions. The Company must report periodically to the Trustee on compliance with the covenants in the Indenture. The Debentures of this series are issuable only in registered form without coupons in denominations of $50 and any integral multiple thereof. This Global Debenture is exchangeable for Debentures in definitive form only under certain limited circumstances set forth in the Indenture. As provided in the Indenture and subject to certain limitations therein set forth, Debentures of this series so issued are exchangeable for a like aggregate principal amount of Debentures of this series of a different authorized denomination, as requested by the Holder surrendering the same. All terms used in this Debenture that are defined in the Indenture shall have the meanings assigned to them in the Indenture. 15 19 OPTION TO ELECT REPAYMENT The undersigned hereby irrevocably requests and instructs the Company to repay $_____ principal amount of the within Debenture, pursuant to its terms, on the "Put Option Exercise Date," together with any interest thereon accrued but unpaid to the date of repayment, to the undersigned at: (Please print or type Name and Address of the Undersigned) and to issue to the undersigned, pursuant to the terms of the Indenture, a new Debenture or Debentures representing the remaining aggregate principal amount of this Debenture. For this Option to Elect Repayment to be effective, this Indenture with the Option to Elect Repayment duly completed must be received by the Company at Kennametal Inc., Attn: Corporate Secretary, Route 981 South at Westmoreland County Airport, Latrobe, PA, 15650, no later than 5:00 p.m. on February 27, 2001. Dated: Signature: _________________________________________ Signature Guarantee: _______________________________ Note: The signature to this Option to Elect Repayment must correspond with the name as written upon the face of the within Debenture in every particular without alternation or enlargement or any change whatsoever. 16 20 ---------------- ASSIGNMENT FOR VALUE RECEIVED, the undersigned assigns and transfers this Debenture to: - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (Insert assignee's social security or tax identification number) - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (Insert address and zip code of assignee) and irrevocably appoints - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- agent to transfer this Debenture on the books of the Trust. The agent may substitute another to act for him or her. Date: ----------------------------------------- Signature: ----------------------------------------- Signature Guarantee: ------------------------------- (Sign exactly as your name appears on the other side of this Debenture) 17 21 ARTICLE VIII ORIGINAL ISSUE OF DEBENTURES SECTION 8.1. Original Issue of Debentures. Debentures in the aggregate principal amount of $ may, upon execution of this First Supplemental Indenture, be executed by the Company and delivered to the Trustee for authentication, and the Trustee shall thereupon authenticate and deliver said Debentures to or upon the written order of the Company, signed by its Chairman, its Vice Chairman, its President, or any Vice President and its Treasurer or an Assistant Treasurer, without any further action by the Company. ARTICLE IX MISCELLANEOUS SECTION 9.1. Ratification of Indenture. The Indenture as supplemented by this First Supplemental Indenture, is in all respects ratified and confirmed, and this First Supplemental Indenture shall be deemed part of the Indenture in the manner and to the extent herein and therein provided. SECTION 9.2. Trustee Not Responsible for Recitals. The recitals herein contained are made by the Company and not by the Trustee, and the Trustee assumes no responsibility for the correctness thereof. The Trustee makes no representation as to the validity or sufficiency of this First Supplemental Indenture. SECTION 9.3. Governing Law. This First Supplemental Indenture and each Debenture shall be deemed to be a contract made under the internal laws of the State of New York, and for all purposes shall be construed in accordance with the laws of said State. SECTION 9.4 Separability. In case any one or more of the provisions contained in this First Supplemental Indenture or in the Debentures shall for any reason be held to be invalid illegal or unenforceable in any respect, such invalidity, illegality or unenforceability shall not affect any other provisions of this First Supplemental Indenture or of the Debentures, but this First Supplemental Indenture and the Debentures shall be construed as if such invalid or illegal or unenforceable provision had never been contained herein or therein. SECTION 9.5. Counterparts. This First Supplemental Indenture may be executed in any number of counterparts each of which shall be an original; but such counterparts shall together constitute but one and the same instrument. 18 22 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this First Supplemental Indenture to be duly executed by their respective officers thereunto duly authorized, on the date or dates indicated in the acknowledgments and as of the day and year first above written. KENNAMETAL INC., as Issuer By: ________________________________________ Name: Title: THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF CHICAGO, as Trustee By: ________________________________________ Name: Title:
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                                                                     Exhibit 4.9




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                    PREFERRED SECURITIES GUARANTEE AGREEMENT

                             KENNAMETAL FINANCING I

                          Dated as of January   , 1998


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TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ---- ARTICLE I DEFINITIONS AND INTERPRETATIONS SECTION 1.1 Definitions and Interpretation ......................................................1 ARTICLE II TRUST INDENTURE ACT SECTION 2.1 Trust Indenture Act: Application ....................................................4 SECTION 2.2 List of Holders of Securities .......................................................4 SECTION 2.3 Reports by the Preferred Guarantee Trustee ..........................................5 SECTION 2.4 Periodic Reports to Preferred Guarantee Trustee .....................................5 SECTION 2.5 Evidence of Compliance with Conditions Precedent ....................................5 SECTION 2.6 Events of Default; Waiver ...........................................................5 SECTION 2.7 Event of Default; Notice ............................................................5 SECTION 2.8 Conflicting Interests ...............................................................5 ARTICLE III POWERS, DUTIES AND RIGHTS OF PREFERRED GUARANTEE TRUSTEE SECTION 3.1 Powers and Duties of the Preferred Guarantee Trustee ...............................6 SECTION 3.2 Certain Rights of Preferred Guarantee Trustee ......................................7 SECTION 3.3 Not Responsible for Recitals or Issuance of Guarantee ..............................9 ARTICLE IV PREFERRED GUARANTEE TRUSTEE SECTION 4.1 Preferred Guarantee Trustee; Eligibility ...........................................9 SECTION 4.2 Appointment, Removal and Resignation of Preferred Guarantee Trustees ...............9 ARTICLE V GUARANTEE SECTION 5.1 Guarantee .........................................................................10 SECTION 5.2 Waiver of Notice and Demand .......................................................10 SECTION 5.3 Obligations Not Affected ..........................................................10 SECTION 5.4 Rights of Holders .................................................................11 SECTION 5.5 Guarantee of Payment ..............................................................12 SECTION 5.6 Subrogation .......................................................................12 SECTION 5.7 Independent Obligations ...........................................................12
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ARTICLE VI LIMITATION OF TRANSACTIONS; SUBORDINATION SECTION 6.1 Limitation of Transactions ........................................................12 SECTION 6.2 Ranking ...........................................................................13 ARTICLE VII TERMINATION SECTION 7.1 Termination .......................................................................13 ARTICLE VIII INDEMNIFICATION SECTION 8.1 Exculpation .......................................................................13 SECTION 8.2 Indemnification ...................................................................14 ARTICLE IX MISCELLANEOUS SECTION 9.1 Successors and Assigns ............................................................14 SECTION 9.2 Amendments ........................................................................14 SECTION 9.3 Notices ...........................................................................14 SECTION 9.4 Benefit ...........................................................................15 SECTION 9.5 Governing Law .....................................................................15
ii 4 PREFERRED SECURITIES GUARANTEE AGREEMENT This GUARANTEE AGREEMENT (the "Preferred Securities Guarantee"), dated as of January __, 1998, is executed and delivered by Kennametal Inc., a Pennsylvania corporation (the "Guarantor"), and The First National Bank of Chicago, as trustee (the "Preferred Guarantee Trustee"), for the benefit of the Holders (as defined herein) from time to time of the Preferred Securities (as defined herein) of Kennametal Financing I, a Delaware statutory business trust (the "Issuer"). WHEREAS, pursuant to an Amended and Restated Agreement of Trust (the "Declaration"), dated as of January __, 1998, among the trustees of the Issuer named therein, the Guarantor, as sponsor, and the holders from time to time of undivided beneficial interests in the assets of the Issuer, the Issuer is issuing on the date hereof 4,500,000 preferred securities, liquidation amount $50 per preferred security, having an aggregate liquidation amount of $225,000,000 designated the ___% Trust Originated Preferred Securities (the "Preferred Securities"); WHEREAS, as incentive for the Holders to purchase the Preferred Securities, the Guarantor desires irrevocably and unconditionally to agree, to the extent set forth in this Preferred Securities Guarantee, to pay to the Holders the Guarantee Payments (as defined herein) and to make certain other payments on the terms and conditions set forth herein; and WHEREAS, the Guarantor is also executing and delivering a guarantee agreement (the "Common Securities Guarantee") in substantially identical terms to this Preferred Securities Guarantee for the benefit of the holders of the Common Securities (as defined herein), except that if an Event of Default (as defined in the Declaration), has occurred and is continuing, the rights of holders of the Common Securities to receive Guarantee Payments under the Common Securities Guarantee are subordinated to the rights of Holders to receive Guarantee Payments under this Preferred Securities Guarantee. NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the purchase by each Holder, which purchase the Guarantor hereby agrees shall benefit the Guarantor, the Guarantor executes and delivers this Preferred Securities Guarantee for the benefit of the Holders. ARTICLE I DEFINITIONS AND INTERPRETATIONS SECTION 1.1 Definitions and Interpretation In this Preferred Securities Guarantee, unless the context otherwise requires: (a) capitalized terms used in this Preferred Securities Guarantee but not defined in the preamble above have the respective meanings assigned to them in this Section 1.1; (b) a term defined anywhere in this Preferred Securities Guarantee has the same meaning throughout; (c) all reference to "the Preferred Securities Guarantee" or "this Preferred Securities Guarantee" are to this Preferred Securities Guarantee as modified, supplemented or amended from time to time; 5 (d) all references in this Preferred Securities Guarantee to Articles and Sections are to Articles and Sections of this Preferred Securities Guarantee, unless otherwise specified; (e) a term defined in the Trust Indenture Act has the same meaning when used in this Preferred Securities Guarantee, unless otherwise defined in this Preferred Securities Guarantee or unless the context otherwise requires; and (f) a reference to the singular includes the plural and vice versa. "Affiliate" has the same meaning as given to that term in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or any successor rule thereunder. "Authorized Officer" of a Person means any Person that is authorized to bind such Person. "Business Day" means any day other than Saturday, Sunday or any day on which banking institutions in the City of New York, New York are authorized or required by any applicable law to close. "Common Securities" means the securities representing common undivided beneficial interests in the assets of the Issuer. "Corporate Trust Office" means the office of the Preferred Guarantee Trustee at which the corporate trust business of the Preferred Guarantee Trustee shall, at any particular time, be principally administered, which office at the date of execution of this Agreement is located at The First National Bank of Chicago, One First National Plaza, Suite 0126, Chicago, IL 60670-0126, Attention: Corporate Trust Services Division. "Covered Person" means any Holder or beneficial owner of Preferred Securities. "Debentures" means the series of debt securities of the Guarantor designated the ___% Debentures due February 16, 2003 held by the Institutional Trustee (as defined in the Declaration) of the Issuer. "Direction" by a person means a written direction signed: (a) if the Person is a natural person, by that Person; or (b) in any other case in the name of such Person by one or more Authorized Officers of that Person. "Event of Default" means a default by the Guarantor on any of its payment or other obligations under this Preferred Securities Guarantee. "Guarantee Payments" means the following payments or distributions, without duplication, with respect to the Preferred Securities, to the extent not paid or made by the Issuer: (i) any accrued and unpaid Distributions (as defined in the Declaration) that are required to be paid on such Preferred Securities to the extent the Issuer shall have funds available therefor, (ii) the redemption price, including all accrued and unpaid distributions to the date of redemption (the "Repayment Price") with respect to Preferred Securities in respect of which the related Debentures have been redeemed by the Company upon the occurrence of a Tax Event Redemption, to the extent the Issuer has funds available therefor, and (iii) upon a voluntary or involuntary dissolution, winding-up or termination of the Issuer (other than in connection with the distribution of Debentures to the Holders in exchange for Preferred Securities as provided in the Declaration), the lesser of (a) the aggregate of the liquidation amount and all accrued and unpaid Distributions on the Preferred Securities to the date of payment, to the extent the Issuer shall have funds 2 6 available therefor, and (b) the amount of assets of the Issuer remaining available for distribution to Holders in liquidation of the Issuer (in either case, the "Liquidation Distribution"). If an event of default under the Indenture has occurred and is continuing, the rights of holders of the Common Securities to receive payments under the Common Securities Guarantee Agreement are subordinated to the rights of Holders to receive Guarantee Payments. "Holder" shall mean any holder, as registered on the books and records of the Issuer, of any Preferred Securities; provided, however, that, in determining whether the holders of the requisite percentage of Preferred Securities have given any request, notice, consent or waiver hereunder, "Holder" shall not include the Guarantor or any Affiliate of the Guarantor. "Indemnified Person" means the Preferred Guarantee Trustee, any Affiliate of the Preferred Guarantee Trustee, or any officers, directors, shareholders, members, partners, employees, representatives, nominees, custodians or agents of the Preferred Guarantee Trustee. "Indenture" means the Indenture dated as of January __, 1998, among the Guarantor (the "Debenture Issuer") and The First National Bank of Chicago, as trustee, and any indenture supplemental thereto pursuant to which certain debt securities of the Debenture Issuer are to be issued to the Institutional Trustee of the Issuer. "Majority in liquidation amount of the Securities" means, except as provided by the Trust Indenture Act, a vote by Holder(s) of outstanding Preferred Securities, voting separately as a class, of more than 50% of the aggregate liquidation amount (including the stated amount that would be paid on redemption, liquidation or otherwise, plus accrued and unpaid Distributions to the date upon which the voting percentages are determined) of all outstanding Preferred Securities. "Officers' Certificate" means, with respect to any Person, a certificate signed by two Authorized Officers of such Person. Any Officers' Certificate delivered with respect to compliance with a condition or covenant provided for in this Preferred Securities Guarantee shall include: (a) a statement that each officer signing the Officers' Certificate has read the covenant or condition and the definition relating thereto; (b) a brief statement of the nature and scope of the examination or investigation undertaken by each officer in rendering the Officers' Certificate; (c) a statement that each such officer has made such examination or investigation as, in such officer's opinion, is necessary to enable such officer to express an informed opinion as to whether or not such covenant or condition has been complied with; and (d) a statement as to whether, in the opinion of each such officer, such condition or covenant has been complied with. "Person" means a legal person, including any individual, corporation, estate, partnership, joint venture, association, joint stock company, limited liability company, trust, unincorporated association or government or any agency or political subdivision thereof, or any other entity of whatever nature. "Preferred Guarantee Trustee" means The First National Bank of Chicago until a Successor Preferred Guarantee Trustee has been appointed and has accepted such appointment pursuant to the terms 3 7 of this Preferred Securities Guarantee and thereafter means each such Successor Preferred Guarantee Trustee. "Responsible Officer" means, with respect to the Preferred Guarantee Trustee, any officer within the Corporate Trust office of the Preferred Guarantee Trustee, including any vice-president, any assistant vice-president, any assistant secretary, the treasurer, any assistant treasurer or other officer of the Corporate Trust Office of the Preferred Guarantee Trustee customarily performing functions similar to those performed by any of the above designated officers and also means, with respect to a particular corporate trust matter, any other officer to whom such matter is referred because of that officer's knowledge of and familiarity with the particular subject. "Successor Preferred Guarantee Trustee" means a successor Preferred Guarantee Trustee possessing the qualifications to act as Preferred Guarantee Trustee under Section 4.1. "Tax Event Redemption" has the same meaning as defined in Annex I to the Declaration. "Trust Indenture Act" means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended from time to time or any successor legislation. ARTICLE II TRUST INDENTURE ACT SECTION 2.1 Trust Indenture Act: Application (a) This Preferred Securities Guarantee is subject to the provisions of the Trust Indenture Act that are required to be part of this Preferred Securities Guarantee and shall, to the extent applicable, be governed by such provisions; and (b) If and to the extent that any provision of this Preferred Securities Guarantee limits, qualifies or conflicts with the duties imposed by Section 310 to 317, inclusive, of the Trust Indenture Act, such imposed duties shall control. SECTION 2.2 List of Holders of Securities (a) The Guarantor shall provide the Preferred Guarantee Trustee with a list, in such form as the Preferred Guarantee Trustee may reasonably require, of the names and addresses of the Holders ("List of Holders") as of such date, (i) within 1 Business Day after January 1 and July 1 of each year, and (ii) at any other time within 30 days of receipt by the Guarantor of a written request for a List of Holders as of a date no more than 14 days before such List of Holders is given to the Preferred Guarantee Trustee provided, that the Guarantor shall not be obligated to provide such List of Holders at any time the List of Holders does not differ from the most recent List of Holders given to the Preferred Guarantee Trustee by the Guarantor. The Preferred Guarantee Trustee may destroy any List of Holders previously given to it on receipt of a new List of Holders. (b) The Preferred Guarantee Trustee shall comply with its obligations under Section 311(a), 311(b) and Section 312(b) of the Trust Indenture Act. 4 8 SECTION 2.3 Reports by the Preferred Guarantee Trustee Within 60 days after May 15 of each year, the Preferred Guarantee Trustee shall provide to the Holders such reports as are required by Section 313 of the Trust Indenture Act, if any, in the form and in the manner provided by Section 313 of the Trust Indenture Act. The Preferred Guarantee Trustee shall also comply with the requirements of Section 313(d) of the Trust Indenture Act. SECTION 2.4 Periodic Reports to Preferred Guarantee Trustee The Guarantor shall provide to the Preferred Guarantee Trustee such documents, reports and information as required by Section 314 (if any) and the compliance certificate required by Section 314 of the Trust Indenture Act in the form, in the manner and at the times required by Section 314 of the Trust Indenture Act. SECTION 2.5 Evidence of Compliance with Conditions Precedent The Guarantor shall provide to the Preferred Guarantee Trustee such evidence of compliance with any conditions precedent, if any, provided for in this Preferred Securities Guarantee that relate to any of the matters set forth in Section 314(c) of the Trust Indenture Act. Any certificate or opinion required to be given by an officer pursuant to Section 314(c)(1) may be given in the form of an Officers' Certificate. SECTION 2.6 Events of Default; Waiver The Holders of a Majority in liquidation amount of Preferred Securities may, by vote, on behalf of all Holders, waive any past Event of Default and its consequences. Upon such waiver, any such Event of Default shall cease to exist, and any Event of Default arising therefrom shall be deemed to have been cured, for every purpose of this Preferred Securities Guarantee, but no such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other default or Event of Default or impair any right consequent thereon. SECTION 2.7 Event of Default; Notice (a) The Preferred Guarantee Trustee shall, within 90 days after the occurrence of an Event of Default, transmit by mail, first class postage prepaid, to the Holders, notices of all Events of Default actually known to a Responsible Officer of the Preferred Guarantee Trustee, unless such defaults have been cured before the giving of such notice, provided, that, the Preferred Guarantee Trustee shall be protected in withholding such notice if and so long as a Responsible Officer of the Preferred Guarantee Trustee in good faith determines that the withholding of such notice is in the interests of the Holders. (b) The Preferred Guarantee Trustee shall not be deemed to have knowledge of any Event of Default unless the Preferred Guarantee Trustee shall have received written notice thereof, or a Responsible Officer of the Preferred Guarantee Trustee charged with the administration of the Declaration shall have obtained actual knowledge thereof. SECTION 2.8 Conflicting Interests The Declaration and the Indenture shall be deemed to be specifically described in this Preferred Securities Guarantee for the purposes of clause (i) of the first proviso contained in Section 310(b) of the Trust Indenture Act. 5 9 ARTICLE III POWERS, DUTIES AND RIGHTS OFGUARANTEE TRUSTEE SECTION 3.1 Powers and Duties of the Preferred Guarantee Trustee (a) This Preferred Securities Guarantee shall be held by the Preferred Guarantee Trustee for the benefit of the Holders, and the Preferred Guarantee Trustee shall not transfer this Preferred Securities Guarantee to any Person except a Holder exercising his or her rights pursuant to Section 5.4(b) or to a Successor Preferred Guarantee Trustee on acceptance by such Successor Preferred Guarantee Trustee of its appointment to act as Successor Preferred Guarantee Trustee. The right, title and interest of the Preferred Guarantee Trustee in and to this Preferred Securities Guarantee shall automatically vest in any Successor Preferred Guarantee Trustee, and such vesting and cessation of title shall be effective whether or not conveyancing documents have been executed and delivered pursuant to the appointment of such Successor Preferred Guarantee Trustee. (b) If an Event of Default actually known to a Responsible Officer of the Preferred Guarantee Trustee has occurred and is continuing, the Preferred Guarantee Trustee shall enforce this Preferred Securities Guarantee for the benefit of the Holders. (c) The Preferred Guarantee Trustee, before the occurrence of any Event of Default and after the curing or waiver of all Events of Default that may have occurred, shall undertake to perform only such duties as are specifically set forth in this Preferred Securities Guarantee, and no implied covenants shall be read into this Preferred Securities Guarantee against the Preferred Guarantee Trustee. In case an Event of Default has occurred (that has not been cured or waived pursuant to Section 2.6) and is actually known to a Responsible Officer of the Preferred Guarantee Trustee, the Preferred Guarantee Trustee shall exercise such of the rights and powers vested in it by this Preferred Securities Guarantee, and use the same degree of care and skill in its exercise thereof, as a prudent person would exercise or use under the circumstances in the conduct of his or her own affairs. (d) No provision of this Preferred Securities Guarantee shall be construed to relieve the Preferred Guarantee Trustee from liability for its own negligent action, its own negligent failure to act, or its own willful misconduct, except that: (i) prior to the occurrence of any Event of Default and after the curing or waiving of such Events of Default that may have occurred: (A) the duties and obligations of the Preferred Guarantee Trustee shall be determined solely by the express provisions of this Preferred Securities Guarantee, and the Preferred Guarantee Trustee shall not be liable except for the performance of such duties and obligations as are specifically set forth in this Preferred Securities Guarantee, and no implied covenants or obligations shall be read into this Preferred Securities Guarantee against the Preferred Guarantee Trustee; and (B) in the absence of bad faith on the part of the Preferred Guarantee Trustee, the Preferred Guarantee Trustee may conclusively rely, as to the truth of the statements and the correctness of the opinions expressed therein, upon any certificates or opinions furnished to the Preferred Guarantee Trustee and conforming to the requirements of this Preferred Securities Guarantee; but in the case of any such certificates or opinions that by any provision hereof are 6 10 specifically required to be furnished to the Preferred Guarantee Trustee, the Preferred Guarantee Trustee shall be under a duty to examine the same to determine whether or not they conform to the requirements of this Preferred Securities Guarantee; (ii) the Preferred Guarantee Trustee shall not be liable for any error of judgment made in good faith by a Responsible Officer of the Preferred Guarantee Trustee, unless it shall be proved that the Preferred Guarantee Trustee was negligent in ascertaining the pertinent facts upon which such judgment was made; (iii) the Preferred Guarantee Trustee shall not be liable with respect to any action taken or omitted to be taken by it in good faith in accordance with the direction of the Holders of not less than a Majority in liquidation amount of the Preferred Securities relating to the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Preferred Guarantee Trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred upon the Preferred Guarantee Trustee under this Preferred Securities Guarantee; and (iv) no provision of this Preferred Securities Guarantee shall require the Preferred Guarantee Trustee to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur personal financial liability in the performance of any of its duties or in the exercise of any of its rights or powers, if the Preferred Guarantee Trustee shall have reasonable grounds for believing that the repayment of such funds or liability is not reasonably assured to it under the terms of this Preferred Securities Guarantee or indemnity, reasonably satisfactory to the Preferred Guarantee Trustee, against such risk or liability is not reasonably assured to it. SECTION 3.2 Certain Rights of Preferred Guarantee Trustee (a) Subject to the provisions of Section 3.1: (i) The Preferred Guarantee Trustee may conclusively rely, and shall be fully protected in acting or refraining from acting upon, any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, direction, consent, order, bond, debenture, note, other evidence of indebtedness or other paper or document believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed, sent or presented by the proper party or parties. (ii) Any direction or act of the Guarantor contemplated by this Preferred Securities Guarantee shall be sufficiently evidenced by a Direction or an Officers' Certificate. (iii) Whenever, in the administration of this Preferred Securities Guarantee, the Preferred Guarantee Trustee shall deem it desirable that a matter be proved or established before taking, suffering or omitting any action hereunder, the Preferred Guarantee Trustee (unless other evidence is herein specifically prescribed) may, in the absence of bad faith on its part, request and conclusively rely upon an Officers' Certificate which, upon receipt of such request, shall be promptly delivered by the Guarantor. (iv) The Preferred Guarantee Trustee shall have no duty to see to any recording, filing or registration of any instrument (or any rerecording, refiling or reregistration thereof). (v) The Preferred Guarantee Trustee may consult with competent legal counsel, and the written advice or opinion of such counsel with respect to legal matters shall be full and 7 11 complete authorization and protection in respect of any action taken, suffered or omitted by it hereunder in good faith and in accordance with such advice or opinion. Such counsel may be counsel to the Guarantor or any of its Affiliates and may include any of its employees. The Preferred Guarantee Trustee shall have the right at any time to seek instructions concerning the administration of this Preferred Securities Guarantee from any court of competent jurisdiction. (vi) The Preferred Guarantee Trustee shall be under no obligation to exercise any of the rights or powers vested in it by this Preferred Securities Guarantee at the request or direction of any Holder, unless such Holder shall have provided to the Preferred Guarantee Trustee such security and indemnity, reasonably satisfactory to the Preferred Guarantee Trustee, against the costs, expenses (including attorneys' fees and expenses and the expenses of the Preferred Guarantee Trustees, agents, nominees or custodians) and liabilities that might be incurred by it in complying with such request or direction, including such reasonable advances as may be requested by the Preferred Guarantee Trustee; provided that, nothing contained in this Section 3.2 (a) (vi) shall be taken to relieve the Preferred Guarantee Trustee, upon the occurrence of an Event of Default, of its obligation to exercise the rights and powers vested in it by this Preferred Securities Guarantee. (vii) The Preferred Guarantee Trustee shall not be bound to make any investigation into the facts or matters stated in any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, direction, consent, order, bond, debenture, note, other evidence of indebtedness or other paper or document, but the Preferred Guarantee Trustee, in its discretion, may make such further inquiry or investigation into such facts or matters as it may see fit. (viii) The Preferred Guarantee Trustee may execute any of the trusts or powers hereunder or perform any duties hereunder either directly or by or through agents, nominees, custodians or attorneys, and the Preferred Guarantee Trustee shall not be responsible for any misconduct or negligence on the part of any agent or attorney appointed with due care by it hereunder. (ix) Any action taken by the Preferred Guarantee Trustee or its agents hereunder shall bind the Holders, and the signature of the Preferred Guarantee Trustee or its agents alone shall be sufficient and effective to perform any such action. No third party shall be required to inquire as to the authority of the Preferred Guarantee Trustee to so act or as to its compliance with any of the terms and provisions of this Preferred Securities Guarantee, both of which shall be conclusively evidenced by the Preferred Guarantee Trustee's or its agent's taking such action. (x) Whenever in the administration of this Preferred Securities Guarantee the Preferred Guarantee Trustee shall deem it desirable to receive instructions with respect to enforcing any remedy or right or taking any other action hereunder, the Preferred Guarantee Trustee (i) may request instructions from the Holders of a Majority in liquidation amount of the Preferred Securities, (ii) may refrain from enforcing such remedy or right or taking such other action until such instructions are received, and (iii) shall be protected in conclusively relying on or acting in accordance with such instructions. (b) No provision of this Preferred Securities Guarantee shall be deemed to impose any duty or obligation on the Preferred Guarantee Trustee to perform any act or acts or exercise any right, power, duty or obligation conferred or imposed on it in any jurisdiction in which it shall be illegal, or in which the Preferred Guarantee Trustee shall be unqualified or incompetent in accordance with applicable law, 8 12 to perform any such act or acts or to exercise any such right, power, duty or obligation. No permissive power or authority available to the Preferred Guarantee Trustee shall be construed to be a duty. SECTION 3.3 Not Responsible for Recitals or Issuance of Guarantee The recitals contained in this Guarantee shall be taken as the statements of the Guarantor, and the Preferred Guarantee Trustee does not assume any responsibility for their correctness. The Preferred Guarantee Trustee makes no representation as to the validity or sufficiency of this Preferred Securities Guarantee. ARTICLE IV PREFERRED GUARANTEE TRUSTEE SECTION 4.1 Preferred Guarantee Trustee; Eligibility (a) There shall at all times be a Preferred Guarantee Trustee which shall: (i) not be an Affiliate of the Guarantor; and (ii) be a corporation organized and doing business under the laws of the United States of America or any State or Territory thereof or of the District of Columbia, or a corporation or Person permitted by the Securities and Exchange Commission to act as an institutional trustee under the Trust Indenture Act, authorized under such laws to exercise corporate trust powers, having a combined capital and surplus of at least 750 million U.S. dollars ($750,000,000), and subject to supervision or examination by Federal, State, Territorial or District of Columbia authority. If such corporation publishes reports of condition at least annually, pursuant to law or to the requirements of the supervising or examining authority referred to above, then, for the purposes of this Section 4.1 (a)(ii), the combined capital and surplus of such corporation shall be deemed to be its combined capital and surplus as set forth in its most recent report of condition so published. (b) If at any time the Preferred Guarantee Trustee shall cease to be eligible to so act under Section 4.1(a), the Preferred Guarantee Trustee shall immediately resign in the manner and with the effect set out in Section 4.2(c). (c) If the Preferred Guarantee Trustee has or shall acquire any "conflicting interest" within the meaning of Section 310(b) of the Trust Indenture Act, the Preferred Guarantee Trustee and Guarantor shall in all respects comply with the provisions of Section 310(b) of the Trust Indenture Act. SECTION 4.2 Appointment, Removal and Resignation of Preferred Guarantee Trustees (a) Subject to Section 4.2(b), the Preferred Guarantee Trustee may be appointed or removed without cause at any time by the Guarantor. (b) The Preferred Guarantee Trustee shall not be removed in accordance with Section 4.2(a) until a Successor Preferred Guarantee Trustee has been appointed and has accepted such appointment by written instrument executed by such Successor Preferred Guarantee Trustee and delivered to the Guarantor. 9 13 (c) The Preferred Guarantee Trustee appointed to office shall hold office until a Successor Preferred Guarantee Trustee shall have been appointed or until its removal or resignation. The Preferred Guarantee Trustee may resign from office (without need for prior or subsequent accounting) by an instrument in writing executed by the Preferred Guarantee Trustee and delivered to the Guarantor, which resignation shall not take effect until a Successor Preferred Guarantee Trustee has been appointed and has accepted such appointment by instrument in writing executed by such Successor Preferred Guarantee Trustee and delivered to the Guarantor and the resigning Preferred Guarantee Trustee. (d) If no Successor Preferred Guarantee Trustee shall have been appointed and accepted appointment as provided in this Section 4.2 within 60 days after delivery to the Guarantor of an instrument of resignation, the resigning Preferred Guarantee Trustee may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for appointment of a Successor Preferred Guarantee Trustee. Such court may thereupon, after prescribing such notice, if any, as it may deem proper, appoint a Successor Preferred Guarantee Trustee. (e) No Preferred Guarantee Trustee shall be liable for the acts or omissions to act of any Successor Preferred Guarantee Trustee. (f) Upon termination of this Preferred Securities Guarantee or removal or resignation of the Preferred Guarantee Trustee pursuant to this Section 4.2, the Guarantor shall pay to the Preferred Guarantee Trustee all amounts owing to the Preferred Guarantee Trustee for fees and reimbursement of expenses which have accrued to the date of such termination, removal or resignation. ARTICLE V GUARANTEE SECTION 5.1 Guarantee The Guarantor irrevocably and unconditionally agrees to pay in full to the Holders the Guarantee Payments (without duplication of amounts theretofore paid by the Issuer), as and when due, regardless of any defense, right of set-off or counterclaim that the Issuer may have or assert. The Guarantor's obligation to make a Guarantee Payment may be satisfied by direct payment of the required amounts by the Guarantor to the Holders or by causing the Issuer to pay such amounts to the Holders. SECTION 5.2 Waiver of Notice and Demand The Guarantor hereby waives notice of acceptance of this Preferred Securities Guarantee and of any liability to which it applies or may apply, presentment, demand for payment, any right to require a proceeding first against the Issuer or any other Person before proceeding against the Guarantor, protest, notice of nonpayment, notice of dishonor, notice of redemption and all other notices and demands. SECTION 5.3 Obligations Not Affected The obligations, covenants, agreements and duties of the Guarantor under this Preferred Securities Guarantee shall in no way be affected or impaired by reason of the happening from time to time of any of the following, whether or not with notice to, or the consent of the Guarantor: 10 14 (a) the release or waiver, by operation of law or otherwise, of the performance or observance by the Issuer of any express or implied agreement, covenant, term or condition relating to the Preferred Securities to be performed or observed by the Issuer; (b) the extension of time for the payment by the Issuer of all or any portion of the Distributions, Repayment Price, Liquidation Distribution or any other sums payable under the terms of the Preferred Securities or the extension of time for the performance of any other obligation under, arising out of, or in connection with, the Preferred Securities (other than an extension of time for payment of Distributions, Repayment Price, Liquidation Distribution or other sum payable that results from the extension of any interest payment period on the Debentures or any extension of the maturity date of the Debentures permitted by the Indenture); (c) any failure, omission, delay or lack of diligence on the part of the Holders or Preferred Guarantee Trustee to enforce, assert or exercise any right, privilege, power or remedy conferred on the Holders or Preferred Guarantee Trustee pursuant to the terms of the Preferred Securities, or any action on the part of the Issuer granting indulgence or extension of any kind; (d) the voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution, sale of any collateral, receivership, insolvency, bankruptcy, assignment for the benefit of creditors, reorganization, arrangement, composition or readjustment of debt of, or other similar proceedings affecting, the Issuer or any of the assets of the Issuer; (e) any invalidity of, or defect or deficiency in, the Preferred Securities; (f) the settlement or compromise of any obligation guaranteed hereby or hereby incurred; or (g) any other circumstance whatsoever that might otherwise constitute a legal or equitable discharge or defense of a guarantor, it being the intent of this Section 5.3 that the obligations of the Guarantor hereunder shall be absolute and unconditional under any and all circumstances. There shall be no obligation of the Holders or Preferred Guarantee Trustee to give notice to, or obtain the consent of, the Guarantor or any other person with respect to the happening of any of the foregoing. SECTION 5.4 Rights of Holders (a) The Holders of a Majority in liquidation amount of the Preferred Securities have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting of any proceeding for any remedy available to the Preferred Guarantee Trustee in respect of this Preferred Securities Guarantee or exercising any trust or power conferred upon the Preferred Guarantee Trustee under this Preferred Securities Guarantee. (b) If the Preferred Guarantee Trustee fails to enforce this Preferred Securities Guarantee, any Holder may institute a legal proceeding directly against the Guarantor to enforce its rights under this Preferred Securities Guarantee, without first instituting a legal proceeding against the Issuer, the Preferred Guarantee Trustee or any other Person. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Guarantor has failed to make a Guarantee Payment, a Holder may directly institute a proceeding against the Guarantor for enforcement of the Preferred Security Guarantee for such payment. The Guarantor waives any right or remedy to require that any action on this Preferred Securities Guarantee be brought first against the Issuer or any other person or entity before proceeding directly against the Guarantor. 11 15 SECTION 5.5 Guarantee of Payment This Preferred Securities Guarantee creates a guarantee of payment and not of collection. SECTION 5.6 Subrogation The Guarantor shall be subrogated to all rights, if any, of the Holders against the Issuer in respect of any amounts paid to such Holders by the Guarantor under this Preferred Securities Guarantee; provided, however, that the Guarantor shall not (except to the extent required by mandatory provisions of law) be entitled to enforce or exercise any right that it may acquire by way of subrogation or any indemnity, reimbursement or other agreement, in all cases as a result of payment under this Preferred Securities Guarantee, if, at the time of any such payment, any amounts are due and unpaid under this Preferred Securities Guarantee. If any amount shall be paid to the Guarantor in violation of the preceding sentence, the Guarantor agrees to hold such amount in trust for the Holders and to pay over such amount to the Holders. SECTION 5.7 Independent Obligations The Guarantor acknowledges that its obligations hereunder are independent of the obligations of the Issuer with respect to the Preferred Securities, and that the Guarantor shall be liable as principal and as debtor hereunder to make Guarantee Payments pursuant to the terms of this Preferred Securities Guarantee notwithstanding the occurrence of any event referred to in subsections (a) through (g), inclusive, of Section 5.3 hereof. ARTICLE VI LIMITATION OF TRANSACTIONS; SUBORDINATION SECTION 6.1 Limitation of Transactions So long as any Preferred Securities remain outstanding, if there shall have occurred an Event of Default or an Event of Default under the Declaration and written notice of such Event of Default has been given to the Guarantor, then (a) the Guarantor shall not declare or pay dividends or make any distribution with respect to, or redeem, purchase, acquire or make a liquidation payment with respect to, any of its capital stock (other than (i) purchases or acquisitions of capital stock of the Guarantor in connection with the satisfaction by the Guarantor of its obligations under any employee or agent benefit plans or the satisfaction by the Guarantor of its obligations pursuant to any contract or security outstanding on the date of such event requiring the Guarantor to purchase capital stock of the Guarantor, (ii) as a result of a reclassification of the Guarantor's capital stock or the exchange or conversion of one class or series of the Guarantor's capital stock for another class or series of the Guarantor's capital stock, (iii) the purchase of fractional interests in shares of the Guarantor's capital stock pursuant to the conversion or exchange provisions of such capital stock or the security being converted or exchanged, (iv) dividends or distributions in capital stock of the Guarantor (or rights to acquire capital stock) or repurchases or redemptions of capital stock solely from the issuance or exchange of capital stock or (v) redemptions or purchases of any rights outstanding under a shareholder rights plan and the declaration of a dividend of rights in the future), (b) the Guarantor shall not make any payment of interest, principal or premium, if any, on or repay, repurchase or redeem any debt securities issued by the Guarantor that rank junior to the Debentures (to the extent appropriate notice has been given to the holders thereof effectively blocking such 12 16 payment or to the extent the failure to make any such payment is otherwise authorized under the agreements governing such debt), and (c) the Guarantor shall not make any guarantee payments with respect to the foregoing (other than payments pursuant to the Guarantee or the Common Securities Guarantee) to the extent appropriate notice has been given to the beneficiaries thereof effectively blocking such payment or to the extent the failure to make any such payment is otherwise authorized under the agreements governing such guarantee payments. SECTION 6.2 Ranking This Preferred Securities Guarantee will constitute a senior unsecured obligation of the Guarantor and, at all times when an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing under the Declaration, will rank: (i) pari passu with all of the Guarantor's senior unsecured obligations except those made subordinate hereto by their terms; and (ii) senior to the Guarantor's common stock. ARTICLE VII TERMINATION SECTION 7.1 Termination This Preferred Securities Guarantee shall terminate upon (i) full payment of the Repayment Price of all Preferred Securities, (ii) upon the distribution of the Debentures to all Holders or (iii) upon full payment of the amounts payable in accordance with the Declaration upon liquidation of the Issuer. Notwithstanding the foregoing, this Preferred Securities Guarantee will continue to be effective or will be reinstated, as the case may be, if at any time any Holder must restore payment of any sums paid under the Preferred Securities or under this Preferred Securities Guarantee. ARTICLE VIII INDEMNIFICATION SECTION 8.1 Exculpation (a) No Indemnified Person shall be liable, responsible or accountable in damages or otherwise to the Guarantor or any Covered Person for any loss, damage or claim incurred by reason of any act or omission performed or omitted by such Indemnified Person in good faith in accordance with this Preferred Securities Guarantee and in a manner that such Indemnified Person reasonably believed to be within the scope of the authority conferred on such Indemnified Person by this Preferred Securities Guarantee or by law, except that an Indemnified Person shall be liable for any such loss, damage or claim incurred by reason of such Indemnified Person's negligence or willful misconduct with respect to such acts or omissions. (b) An Indemnified Person shall be fully protected in relying in good faith upon the records of the Guarantor and upon such information, opinions, reports or statements presented to the Guarantor 13 17 by any Person as to matters the Indemnified Person reasonably believes are within such other Person's professional or expert competence and who has been selected with reasonable care by or on behalf of the Guarantor, including information, opinions, reports or statements as to the value and amount of the assets, liabilities, profits, losses, or any other facts pertinent to the existence and amount of assets from which Distributions to Holders might properly be paid. SECTION 8.2 Indemnification (a) To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, the Guarantor shall indemnify and hold harmless each Indemnified Person from and against any loss, damage or claim incurred by such Indemnified Person by reason of any act or omission performed or omitted by such Indemnified Person in good faith in accordance with this Preferred Securities Guarantee and in a manner such Indemnified Person reasonably believed to be within the scope of authority conferred on such Indemnified Person by this Preferred Securities, except that no Indemnified Person shall be entitled to be indemnified in respect of any loss, damage or claim incurred by such Indemnified Person by reason of negligence or willful misconduct with respect to such acts or omissions. (b) To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, reasonable out-of-pocket expenses (including legal fees) incurred by an Indemnified Person in defending any claim, demand, action, suit or proceeding shall, from time to time, be advanced by the Guarantor prior to the final disposition of such claim, demand, action, suit or proceeding upon receipt by the Guarantor of an undertaking by or on behalf of the Indemnified Person to repay such amount if it shall be determined that the Indemnified Person is not entitled to be indemnified as authorized in Section 8.2(a). (c) The provisions set forth in this Section 8.2 shall survive the termination of the Preferred Securities Guarantee or the resignation or removal of the Preferred Guarantee Trustee. ARTICLE IX MISCELLANEOUS SECTION 9.1 Successors and Assigns All guarantees and agreements contained in this Preferred Securities Guarantee shall bind the successors, assigns, receivers, trustees and representatives of the Guarantor and shall inure to the benefit of the Holders of the Preferred Securities then outstanding. SECTION 9.2 Amendments Except with respect to any changes that do not adversely affect the rights of Holders (in which case no consent of Holders will be required), this Preferred Securities Guarantee may only be amended with the prior approval of the Holders of at least a Majority in liquidation amount (including the stated amount that would be paid on redemption, liquidation or otherwise, plus accrued and unpaid Distributions to the date upon which the voting percentages are determined) of all the outstanding Preferred Securities. The provisions of Section 12.2 of the Declaration with respect to meetings of Holders apply to the giving of such approval. SECTION 9.3 Notices 14 18 All notices provided for in this Preferred Securities Guarantee shall be in writing, duly signed by the party giving such notice, and shall be delivered, telecopied or mailed by registered or certified mail, as follows: (a) If given to the Preferred Guarantee Trustee, at the Preferred Guarantee Trustee's mailing address set forth below (or such other address as the Preferred Guarantee Trustee may give notice of to the Holders of the Preferred Securities): The First National Bank of Chicago One First National Plaza Chicago, Il 60670-0126 Corporate Trust Services Division (b) If given to the Guarantor, at the Guarantor's mailing address set forth below (or such other address as the Guarantor may give notice of to the Holders): Kennametal Inc. Corporate Headquarters State Route 981 South P.O. Box 231 Latrobe, PA 15650-0231 (c) If given to any Holder, at the address set forth on the books and records of the Issuer. All such notices shall be deemed to have been given when received in person, telecopied with receipt confirmed, or mailed by first class mail, postage prepaid except that if a notice or other document is refused delivery or cannot be delivered because of a changed address of which no notice was given, such notice or other document shall be deemed to have been delivered on the date of such refusal or inability to deliver. SECTION 9.4 Benefit This Preferred Securities Guarantee is solely for the benefit of the Holders and, subject to Section 3.1(a), is not separately transferable from the Preferred Securities. SECTION 9.5 Governing Law. THIS PREFERRED SECURITIES GUARANTEE SHALL BE GOVERNED BY, AND CONSTRUED AND INTERPRETED IN ACCORDANCE WITH, THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK. 15 19 THIS PREFERRED SECURITIES GUARANTEE is executed as of the day and year first above written. KENNAMETAL INC., as Guarantor By: ____________________________________________ Name: Title: THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF CHICAGO, as Preferred Guarantee Trustee By: ____________________________________________ Name: Title:
   1
                                                                    Exhibit 4.10


                              REMARKETING AGREEMENT


                  REMARKETING AGREEMENT, dated as of January ___, 1998 (the
"Remarketing Agreement") by and between Kennametal Inc., a Pennsylvania
corporation ("Kennametal" or the "Company"), Kennametal Financing I, a Delaware
statutory business trust (the "Trust"),The First National Bank of Chicago, a
national banking association, not individually but solely as Purchase Contract
Agent and as attorney-in-fact of the holders of Purchase Contracts (each as
defined in the Purchase Contract Agreement (as defined herein)), and Merrill
Lynch & Co., Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated (the
"Remarketing Agent").

                                   WITNESSETH:

                  WHEREAS, the Company will issue an aggregate Stated Amount
$225,000,000 of its FELINE PRIDES (the "FELINE PRIDES") under the Purchase
Contract Agreement, dated as of January ___, 1998, by and between the Purchase
Contract Agent and the Company (the "Purchase Contract Agreement"); and

                  WHEREAS, the Trust will issue concurrently in connection with
the issuance of the FELINE PRIDES___% Trust Originated Preferred Securities (the
"Preferred Securities") in an aggregate stated liquidation amount of
$225,000,000, under the Amended and Restated Agreement of Trust, dated as of
January ___, 1998, by and among the Company, the Regular Trustees, the Delaware
Trustee and the Institutional Trustee (the "Declaration"); and

                  WHEREAS, each FELINE PRIDES will initially consist of a unit
(referred to as an "Income PRIDES") with a Stated Amount of $50 comprised of (a)
a Purchase Contract under which (i) the holder is required to purchase from the
Company, for an amount in cash equal to the Stated Amount, newly issued Common
Stock of the Company on the Purchase Contract Settlement Date, and (ii) the
Company will pay Contract Adjustment Payments, and (b) either beneficial
ownership in one Preferred Security or the Applicable Ownership Interest in the
Treasury Portfolio; and

                  WHEREAS, the sole assets of the Trust, $232,000,000 aggregate
principal amount of ___% Debentures due February 16, 2003 (the "Debentures") of
the Company will be purchased by the Trust from the Company with the proceeds of
the sale of the Preferred Securities and the proceeds of the sale of the common
securities of the Trust (the "Common Securities" and, together with the
Preferred Securities, the "Trust Securities"); and

                  WHEREAS, the Preferred Securities (or upon a dissolution of
the Trust and the distribution of the Debentures as described in the
Declaration, such Debentures) will be pledged pursuant to the Pledge Agreement
(the "Pledge Agreement"), dated as of January ___, 1998, by and between the
Company, The Chase Manhattan Bank, as collateral agent (the "Collateral Agent")
and the Purchase Contract Agent, to secure an Income PRIDES holder's obligations
under the related Purchase Contract on the Purchase Contract Settlement Date;
and

                                       
   2

                  WHEREAS, the Preferred Securities or the Debentures, as the
case may be, of such Income PRIDES holders who have elected not to settle the
Purchase Contracts related to their Income PRIDES from the proceeds of a Cash
Settlement and who have not early settled their Purchase Contracts, will be
remarketed by the Remarketing Agent on the third Business Day immediately
preceding the Purchase Contract Settlement Date; and

                  WHEREAS, the applicable distribution rate on the Preferred
Securities (and, thus, the interest rate on the Debentures) that remain
outstanding on and after the Purchase Contract Settlement Date will be reset on
the third Business Day immediately preceding the Purchase Contract Settlement
Date, to the Reset Rate to be determined by the Reset Agent as the rate that
such Preferred Securities (and, thus the Debentures) should bear in order to
have an approximate market value of 100.5% of the aggregate stated liquidation
amount of the Preferred Securities or the aggregate principal amount of the
Debentures on the third Business Day immediately preceding the Purchase Contract
Settlement Date, provided that in the determination of such Reset Rate, the
Company may limit the Reset Spread (a component of the Reset Rate) to be no
higher than 200 basis points (2%); and

                  WHEREAS, the Company has requested Merrill Lynch & Co.,
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated ("Merrill Lynch") to act as
the Reset Agent and as the Remarketing Agent, and as such to perform the
services described herein; and

                  WHEREAS, Merrill Lynch is willing to act as Reset Agent and
Remarketing Agent and as such to perform such duties on the terms and conditions
expressly set forth herein;

                  NOW, THEREFORE, for and in consideration of the covenants
herein made, and subject to the conditions herein set forth, the parties hereto
agree as follows:

                  Section 1. Definitions. Capitalized terms used and not defined
in this Agreement shall have the meanings assigned to them in the Purchase
Contract Agreement or, if not therein stated, the Declaration or the Pledge
Agreement.

                  Section 2. Appointment and Obligations of Remarketing Agent.
The Company hereby appoints Merrill Lynch and Merrill Lynch hereby accepts such
appointment, (i) as the Reset Agent to determine in consultation with the
Company, in the manner provided for in the Declaration with respect to the Trust
Securities and the Indenture with respect to the Debentures, the Reset Rate,
that in the opinion of the Reset Agent, will, when applied to the Trust
Securities (and, thus, the Debentures), enable a Trust Security (and, thus, a
Debenture), to have an approximate market value of approximately 100.5% of the
aggregate stated liquidation amount in the case of such Trust Security and the
aggregate principal amount in the case of such Debenture, and (ii) as the
exclusive Remarketing Agent to remarket the Preferred Securities, or the
Debentures, as the case may be, provided that the Company may limit such Reset
Rate to be no higher than the rate on the Two-Year Benchmark Treasury plus 200
basis points (2%), as the case may be, of such Income PRIDES holders who have
not early settled the related Purchase Contracts and have failed to notify the
Purchase Contract Agent, on or prior to the fifth Business Day immediately
preceding the Purchase Contract Settlement Date, of their intention to settle
the related Purchase Contracts through Cash Settlement, for settlement on the
Purchase Contract Settlement Date, pursuant to the Remarketing Purchase
Agreement with the Company, the Trust and the Purchase Contract Agent,
substantially in 



                                       2
   3

the form attached hereto as Exhibit A (with such changes as the Company, the
Purchase Contract Agent and the Remarketing Agent may agree upon, it being
understood that changes may be necessary in the representations, warranties,
covenants and other provisions of the Remarketing Purchase Agreement due to
changes in law or facts and circumstances). Pursuant to the Remarketing Purchase
Agreement, the Remarketing Agent, either as the sole remarketing underwriter or
as the representative of a syndicate including the Remarketing Agent and one or
more other remarketing underwriters designated by the Remarketing Agent, will
agree, subject to the terms and conditions set forth therein, that the
Remarketing Agent and any such other remarketing underwriters will purchase
severally the Preferred Securities or the Debentures, as the case may be, to be
sold by the holder or holders of Income PRIDES on the third Business Day
immediately preceding the Purchase Contract Settlement Date and use their
reasonable efforts to remarket such Preferred Securities or the Debentures, as
the case may be, (such purchase and remarketing being hereinafter referred to as
the "Remarketing"), at a price of approximately 100.5% of such Preferred
Securities aggregate stated liquidation amount plus any accrued and unpaid
distributions (including any deferred distributions) and in the case of
Debentures, at a price of approximately 100.5% of such Debentures aggregate
principal amount plus any accrued and unpaid interest (including any deferred
interest). Notwithstanding the preceding sentence, the Remarketing Agent shall
not remarket any Preferred Securities or Debentures, as the case may be, for a
price less than 100% of the aggregate stated liquidation amount or aggregate
principal amount of such Preferred Securities or Debentures, respectively, plus
accumulated and unpaid distributions or accrued and unpaid interest, as the case
may be. The proceeds of such remarketing shall be paid to the Collateral Agent
in accordance with Section 4.6 of the Pledge Agreement and Section 5.4 of the
Purchase Contract Agreement (each of which Sections are incorporated herein by
reference).

                  Section 3. Fees. With respect to the Remarketing, the
Remarketing Agent shall retain as Remarketing Fee an amount not exceeding 25
basis points (.25%), of the aggregate stated liquidation amount of the
remarketed securities from any amount received in connection with such
Remarketing in excess of the aggregate stated liquidation amount or aggregate
principal amount of such remarketed Preferred Securities or Debentures plus any
accrued and unpaid (including deferred) distributions or any accrued and unpaid
interest (including any deferred interest), as the case may be. In addition, the
Reset Agent shall receive from the Company a reasonable and customary fee as the
Reset Agent Fee (the "Reset Agent Fee"); provided, however, that if the
Remarketing Agent shall also act as the Reset Agent, then the Reset Agent shall
not be entitled to receive any such Reset Agent Fee. Payment of such Reset Agent
Fee shall be made by the Company on the third Business Day immediately preceding
the Purchase Contract Settlement Date in immediately available funds or, upon
the instructions of the Reset Agent by certified or official bank check or
checks or by wire transfer.

                  Section 4. Replacement and Resignation of Remarketing Agent.
(a) The Company may in its absolute discretion replace Merrill Lynch as the
Remarketing Agent and/or as the Reset Agent in its capacity hereunder by giving
notice prior to 3:00 p.m., New York City time, on the eleventh Business Day
immediately prior to the Purchase Contract Settlement Date. Any such replacement
shall become effective upon the Company's appointment of a successor to perform
the services that would otherwise be performed hereunder by the Remarketing
Agent and/or the Reset Agent. Upon providing such notice, the Company shall use
all reasonable efforts to appoint such a successor and to enter into a
remarketing agreement with such successor as soon as reasonably practicable.


                                       3
   4

                  (b) Merrill Lynch may resign at any time and be discharged
from its duties and obligations hereunder as the Remarketing Agent and/or as the
Reset Agent by giving notice prior to 3:00 p.m., New York City time, on the
eleventh Business Day immediately prior to the Purchase Contract Settlement
Date. Any such resignation shall become effective upon the Company's appointment
of a successor to perform the services that would otherwise be performed
hereunder by the Remarketing Agent and/or the Reset Agent. Upon receiving notice
from the Remarketing Agent and/or the Reset Agent that it wishes to resign
hereunder, the Company shall appoint such a successor and enter into a
remarketing agreement with it as soon as reasonably practicable.

                  Section 5. Dealing in the Securities. The Remarketing Agent,
when acting hereunder or under the Remarketing Purchase Agreement or acting in
its individual or any other capacity, may, to the extent permitted by law, buy,
sell, hold or deal in any of the Preferred Securities or Debentures, as the case
may be. With respect to any Preferred Securities or Debentures, as the case may
be, owned by it, the Remarketing Agent may exercise any vote or join in any
action with like effect as if it did not act in any capacity hereunder. The
Remarketing Agent, in its individual capacity, either as principal or agent, may
also engage in or have an interest in any financial or other transaction with
the Company as freely as if it did not act in any capacity hereunder.

                  Section 6. Registration Statement and Prospectus. In
connection with the Remarketing, if and to the extent required (in the opinion
of counsel for either the Remarketing Agent or the Company) by applicable law,
regulations or interpretations in effect at the time of such Remarketing, the
Company shall use its reasonable efforts to have a registration statement
relating to the Preferred Securities effective under the Securities Act of 1933
by the third Business Day immediately preceding the Purchase Contract Settlement
Date, shall furnish a current prospectus and/or prospectus supplement to be used
in such Remarketing by the remarketing underwriter or underwriters under the
Remarketing Purchase Agreement, and shall pay all expenses relating thereto.

                  Section 7. Conditions to the Remarketing Agent's Obligations.
(a) The obligations of the Remarketing Agent and any other remarketing
underwriters to purchase and remarket the Preferred Securities or the
Debentures, as the case may be, shall be subject to the terms and conditions of
the Remarketing Purchase Agreement.

                  (b) If at any time during the term of this Agreement, any
Indenture Event of Default or Declaration Event of Default, or event that with
the passage of time or the giving of notice or both would become an Indenture
Event of Default or Declaration Event of Default, has occurred and is continuing
under the Indenture or the Declaration, then the obligations and duties of the
Remarketing Agent under this Agreement shall be suspended until such default or
event has been cured. The Company will cause the Indenture Trustee and the
Institutional Trustee to give the Remarketing Agent notice of all such defaults
and events of which the Trustee is aware.

                  Section 8. Termination of Remarketing Agreement. This
Agreement shall terminate as to the Remarketing Agent on the effective date of
its replacement pursuant to Section 4(a) hereof or pursuant to Section 4(b)
hereof. Notwithstanding any such termination, the obligations set forth in
Section 3 hereof shall survive and remain in full force and effect until all
amounts payable under said Section 3 shall have been paid in full.


                                       4
   5

                  Section 9. Remarketing Agent's Performance; Duty of Care. The
duties and obligations of the Remarketing Agent hereunder shall be determined
solely by the express provisions of this Agreement and the Remarketing Purchase
Agreement.

                  Section 10. Governing Law. This Agreement shall be governed by
and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York.

                  Section 11. Term of Agreement. Unless otherwise terminated in
accordance with the provisions hereof and except as otherwise provided herein,
this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect from the date hereof until
the first day thereafter on which no Preferred Securities are outstanding.

                  Section 12. Successors and Assigns. The rights and obligations
of the Company hereunder may not be assigned or delegated to any other person
without the prior written consent of Merrill Lynch as the Remarketing Agent
and/or as the Reset Agent. The rights and obligations of Merrill Lynch as the
Remarketing Agent and/or as the Reset Agent hereunder may not be assigned or
delegated to any other person without the prior written consent of the Company.
This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the Company and
Merrill Lynch as the Remarketing Agent and/or as the Reset Agent and their
respective successors and assigns. The terms "successors" and "assigns" shall
not include any purchaser of Securities merely because of such purchase.

                  Section 13. Headings. Section headings have been inserted in
this Agreement as a matter of convenience of reference only, and it is agreed
that such section headings are not a part of this Agreement and will not be used
in the interpretation of any provision of this Agreement.

                  Section 14. Severability. If any provision of this Agreement
shall be held or deemed to be or shall, in fact, be invalid, inoperative or
unenforceable as applied in any particular case in any or all jurisdictions
because it conflicts with any provisions of any constitution, statute, rule or
public policy or for any other reason, such circumstances shall not have the
effect of rendering the provision in question invalid, inoperative or
unenforceable in any other case, circumstances or jurisdiction, or of rendering
any other provision or provisions of this Agreement invalid, inoperative or
unenforceable to any extent whatsoever.

                  Section 15. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in
counterparts, each of which shall be regarded as an original and all of which
shall constitute one and the same document.

                  Section 16. Amendments. This Agreement may be amended by any
instrument in writing signed by the parties hereto.

                  Section 17. Notices. Unless otherwise specified, any notices,
requests, consents or other communications given or made hereunder or pursuant
hereto shall be made in writing or transmitted by any standard form of
telecommunication, including telephone, telegraph or telecopy, and confirmed in
writing. All written notices and confirmations of notices by telecommunication
shall be deemed to have been validly given or made when delivered or mailed,
registered or certified mail, return receipt requested and postage prepaid. All
such notices, requests, consents or 

                                       5
   6
other communications shall be addressed as follows: if to the Company, to
Kennametal Inc., Corporate Headquarters, State Route 981 South, P.O. Box 231,
Latrobe, PA 15650-0231, Attention: ___________; if to the Remarketing Agent or
Reset Agent (if Merrill Lynch & Co. is the Remarketing Agent or the Reset
Agent), to c/o Merrill Lynch & Co. at Merrill Lynch World Headquarters, World
Financial Center, North Tower, New York, New York 10281, Attention: Douglas
Squires, Managing Director, with a copy to Skadden, Arps, Slate Meagher & Flom
LLP, 919 Third Avenue, New York, New York 10022, Attention: John Osborn; and if
to the Purchase Contract Agent, to The First National Bank of Chicago, Corporate
Trust Services Division, One First National Plaza, Suite 0126, Chicago, IL
60670-0126, or to such other address as any of the above shall specify to the
other in writing.






                                       6
   7






        
                  IN WITNESS WHEREOF, each of the Company and the Remarketing
Agent has caused this Agreement to be executed in its name and on its behalf by
one of its duly authorized officers as of the date first above written.

                             KENNAMETAL, INC.



                             By: _______________________________________________
                                 Name:
                                 Title:

                             KENNAMETAL FINANCING I


                             By: _______________________________________________
                                 Name:
                                 Title:

                             MERRILL LYNCH & CO.
                             MERRILL LYNCH, PIERCE, FENNER & SMITH
                                          INCORPORATED

                             By: MERRILL LYNCH, PIERCE FENNER & SMITH
                                               INCORPORATED

ONFIRMED AND ACCEPTED:
                             By: _______________________________________________
                                 Authorized Signatory


THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF CHICAGO

By : _____________________________
     Name:
     Title:



   8



        
                                                                    Exhibit A to
                                                           Remarketing Agreement


                     FORM OF REMARKETING PURCHASE AGREEMENT


         Merrill Lynch & Co., Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner, & Smith
Incorporated (the "Remarketing Underwriter") hereby agrees to purchase the
securities (the "Securities") as set forth in Schedule I hereto, that have been
tendered by the holders of the Income PRIDES for sale on February ____, 2001.

         1. Definitions. Capitalized terms used and not defined in this
Agreement shall have the meanings assigned to them in the purchase contract
agreement (the "Purchase Contract Agreement"), the pledge agreement (the "Pledge
Agreement"), the purchase agreement (the "Purchase Agreement"), the amended and
restated declaration agreement of trust (the "Declaration") and the indenture
(the "Indenture"), each as identified in Schedule I hereto.

         2. Registration Statement and Prospectus. If required (in the opinion
of counsel to either the Remarketing Underwriter or the Company) by applicable
law, the Company and the Trust have filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission, and there has become effective, a registration statement on Form S-3
(No. 333-40809), including a prospectus, relating to the Securities. Such
registration statement, as amended to the date of this Agreement, is hereinafter
referred to as the "Registration Statement", the prospectus included in the
Registration Statement is hereinafter referred to as the "Basic Prospectus" and
the Basic Prospectus, as amended or supplemented to the date of this Agreement
to relate to the Securities and to the remarketing of the Securities, is
hereinafter referred to as the "Final Prospectus" (including in each case all
documents incorporated by reference).

         3. Provisions Incorporated by Reference.

                  (a) Subject to Section 3(b), the provisions of the following
sections of the Purchase Agreement shall be incorporated in their entirety into
this Agreement and made applicable to the obligations of the Remarketing
Underwriter, except as explicitly amended hereby: Sections [1, 3, 4, 5, 6 and
7.]

                  (b) With respect to the provisions of the Purchase Agreement
incorporated herein, for the purposes hereof, (i) all references therein to the
"Underwriter" or "Underwriters" or the "Representative" or "Representatives", as
the case may be, shall be deemed to refer to the Remarketing Underwriter; (ii)
all references therein to the "Securities" which are the subject thereof shall
be deemed to refer to the Securities as defined herein; (iii) all references
therein to the "Closing Date" shall be deemed to refer to the Remarketing
Closing Date specified in Schedule I hereto (the "Remarketing Closing Date");
(iv) all references therein to the "Registration Statement" the "Basic
Prospectus" and the "Final Prospectus" shall be deemed to refer to the
Registration Statement, the Basic Prospectus and the Final Prospectus,
respectively, as defined herein;[ (v) reference to the Company in Section 3(i)
thereof is stricken and replaced with the phrase "the registered holder"; (vi)
reference to "Income Prides" and "Shares" in Section 3(m) thereof is stricken
and replaced with either the words "Preferred Securities" or "Debentures", as
applicable; (vii) Sections 3(a) and 3(k) thereof are stricken in their entirety;
(viii) Sections 5(b)(1)(xiii) and 5(b)(2) (iv), (v), (vi), (vii) and (xi)
thereof 

   9

are stricken in their entirety; (ix) Sections 5(b)(5) and 5(b)(8) are
stricken in their entirety; and (xi) Section 5(j) thereof is stricken in its
entirety].

         4. Purchase and Sale; Remarketing Underwriting Fee. Subject to the
terms and conditions and in reliance upon the representations and warranties
herein set forth or incorporated herein, the Remarketing Underwriter agrees to
purchase from the registered holder or holders thereof in the manner specified
in Section 5 hereof, the principal amount of Securities set forth in Schedule I
hereto at a purchase price not less than 100% of such Securities, aggregate
stated liquidation amount or aggregate principal amount, as the case may be,
plus any accrued and unpaid distributions or interest, as applicable, thereon.
In connection therewith, the registered holder or holders thereof agree, in the
manner specified in Section 5 hereof, to pay to the Remarketing Underwriter a
Remarketing underwriting Fee equal to an amount not exceeding 25 basis points
(.25%), from any amount received in connection from such Remarketing in excess
of the aggregate stated liquidation amount or aggregate principal amount, as the
case may be, of the Securities.

         5. Delivery and Payment. Delivery of payment for the remarketed
Securities and payment of the Remarketing Underwriting Fee shall be made on the
Remarketing Closing Date at the location and time specified in Schedule I hereto
(or such later date not later than five business days after such date as the
Remarketing representatives shall designate), which date and time may be
postponed by agreement between the Remarketing Underwriter, the Company, the
Trust and the [registered holder or holders thereof]. Delivery of the remarketed
Securities and payment of the Remarketing [Underwriting] Fee shall be made to
the Remarketing Underwriter [to or upon the order of the [registered holder or
holders of the Remarketed Securities] by certified or official bank check or
checks drawn on or by a New York Clearing House bank and payable in immediately
available funds] [in immediately available funds by wire transfer to an account
or accounts designated by the [Company] [Trustee] [registered holder or holders
of the remarketed Securities]] or, if the remarketed Securities are represented
by a Global Security, by any method of transfer agreed upon by the Remarketing
Underwriter and the Depositary for the Securities under the Declaration or
Indenture, as applicable.

         [It is understood that any registered holder or, if the Securities are
represented by a Global Security, any beneficial owner, that has an account at
the Remarketing Underwriter and tenders its Securities through such account will
not be required to pay any fee or commission to the Remarketing Underwriter.]

         If the Securities are not represented by a Global Security,
certificates for the Securities shall be registered in such names and
denominations as the Remarking Representatives may request not less than three
full business days in advance of the Remarketing Closing Date, and the Company,
the Trust and the [registered holder or holders thereof] agree to have such
certificates available for inspection, packaging and checking by the Remarketing
Underwriter in New York, New York not later than 1:00 p.m. on the Business Day
prior to the Remarketing Closing Date.

         6. Notices. Unless otherwise specified, any notices, requests, consents
or other communications given or made hereunder or pursuant hereto shall be made
in writing or transmitted by any standard form of telecommunication, including
telephone, telegraph or telecopy, and confirmed in writing. All written notices
and confirmations of notices by telecommunication shall be deemed to have been
validly given or made when delivered or mailed, registered or certified mail,
return receipt 

                                      A-2
   10

requested and postage prepaid. All such notices, requests, consents or other
communications shall be addressed as follows: if to the Company, to Kennametal
Inc., Corporate Headquarters, State Route, 981 South, P.O. Box 231, Latrobe, PA
15650-0231; if to the Remarketing Agent or Reset Agent, to c/o Merrill Lynch &
Co. at Merrill Lynch World Headquarters, World Financial Center, North Tower,
New York, New York 10281, Attention: Douglas Squires, Managing Director, with a
copy to Skadden, Arps, Slate Meagher & Flom LLP, 919 Third Avenue, New York, New
York 10022, Attention: John Osborn; and if to the Purchase Contract Agent, to
The First National Bank of Chicago, Corporate Trust Services Division, One First
National Plaza, Suite 0126, Chicago, IL 60670-0126, or to such other address as
any of the above shall specify to the other in writing.


                                      A-3
   11



         If the foregoing is in accordance with your understanding of our
agreement, please sign and return to us the enclosed duplicate hereof, whereupon
this letter and your acceptance shall represent a binding agreement among the
Company and the several Remarketing Underwriters.

        

                                       Very truly yours,

                                       KENNAMETAL INC.



                                       By: _____________________________________
                                           Name:
                                           Title:

CONFIRMED AND ACCEPTED:

MERRILL LYNCH & CO.
MERRILL LYNCH, PIERCE, FENNER & SMITH
                    INCORPORATED

By:  MERRILL LYNCH, PIERCE FENNER & SMITH
                  INCORPORATED



By: _____________________________________
    Authorized Signatory







By : ____________________________________
     Name:
     Title:




                                      A-4
   12




                                SCHEDULE I


Purchase Contract Agreement, dated as of
  January ___, 1998 by and between Kennametal
  Inc., a Pennsylvania corporation, and
The First National Bank of Chicago, a national banking
  association

Pledge Agreement dated as of January ___, 1998 by and between Kennametal Inc., a
  Pennsylvania corporation, The First National Bank of Chicago, a national
  banking association, and
the Chase Manhattan Bank

Amended and Restated Agreement of Trust dated as of January ___, 1998 of
  Kennametal Financing I, a Delaware business trust

Indenture dated as of January ___, 1998 by and between Kennametal Inc., a
  Pennsylvania corporation, and The First National Bank of Chicago, a national
  banking association

First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of December 8, 1997 by and between
  Kennametal Inc., a Pennsylvania corporation, and The First National Bank of
  Chicago, a national banking association

Registration Statement No. 333-40809

Title of Securities:  _____% Trust Originated Preferred
  Securities of Kennametal Financing I

Principal Amount of Securities:  $

Purchase Agreement, dated as of January __, 1998, among Kennametal Inc.,
Kennametal Financing Trust I and Merrill Lynch & Co. _____________

Remarketing [Underwriting] Fee:     %($          )

Remarketing Closing Date, Time and Location:


                                      A-5
   1
                                                                 Exhibit 4.11



       ------------------------------------------------------------------

                          SECOND SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURE

                           Dated as of January , 1998

                                     between

                                KENNAMETAL INC.,

                                    AS ISSUER

                                       and

                       THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF CHICAGO,

                                   AS TRUSTEE

       ------------------------------------------------------------------



   2







                                TABLE OF CONTENTS

                                                                         Page
                                                                         ----



                                    ARTICLE I
                                   DEFINITIONS.............................. 1

SECTION 1.1. Definition of Terms............................................ 1

                                   ARTICLE II
                          GENERAL TERMS AND CONDITIONS
                          OF THE SENIOR DEBT SECURITIES..................... 5

SECTION 2.1. Designation and Principal Amount............................... 5
SECTION 2.2. Maturity....................................................... 5
SECTION 2.3. Form and Payment............................................... 5
SECTION 2.4. Interest....................................................... 6

                                   ARTICLE III
                      REDEMPTION OF THE SENIOR DEBT SECURITIES.............. 7

SECTION 3.1. Optional Redemption............................................ 7
SECTION 3.2. No Sinking Fund................................................ 7

                                   ARTICLE IV
                                   COVENANTS................................ 7

SECTION 4.1. Amendments to Article 10 of the Indenture...................... 7

                                    ARTICLE V
                    CONSOLIDATION, MERGER, LEASE, SALE OR TRANSFER.......... 9

SECTION 5.1. Amendments to Article 8 of the Indenture....................... 9

                                   ARTICLE VI
                           FORM OF SENIOR DEBT SECURITIES................... 9

SECTION 6.1. Form of Senior Debt Securities................................. 9


                                   ARTICLE VII
                     ORIGINAL ISSUE OF SENIOR DEBT SECURITIES.............. 10

SECTION 7.1. Original Issue of Senior Debt Securities...................... 10


                                        i

   3


                                                                          Page
                                                                          ----
                                  ARTICLE VIII
                                 MISCELLANEOUS............................. 10

SECTION 8.1. Ratification of Indenture..................................... 10
SECTION 8.2. Trustee Not Responsible for Recitals.......................... 10
SECTION 8.3. Governing Law................................................. 10
SECTION 8.4. Separability.................................................. 10
SECTION 8.5. Counterparts.................................................. 11




                                       ii

   4




                  SECOND SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURE, dated as of January __, 1998
(the "Second Supplemental Indenture"), between KENNAMETAL INC., a corporation
duly organized and existing under the laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
(the "Company"), and THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF CHICAGO, a national banking
association, as trustee (the "Trustee").

                  WHEREAS, the Company executed and delivered the indenture
dated as of January __, 1998 (the "Base Indenture"), to the Trustee to provide
for the future issuance of the Company's unsecured debentures, notes or other
evidence of indebtedness (the "Securities"), to be issued from time to time in
one or more series as might be determined by the Company under the Base
Indenture;

                  WHEREAS, pursuant to the terms of the First Supplemental
Indenture, the Company established a series of its Securities known as its ___%
Debentures due February 16, 2003 (the "Debentures);

                  WHEREAS, pursuant to the terms of the Base Indenture, the
Company desires to provide for the establishment of three new series of its
Securities to be known as its _% Senior Notes due 2001 (the "2001 Notes"), its
__% Senior Notes due 2008 (the "2008 Notes") and its __% Senior Debentures due
2028 (the "2028 Debentures"; and together with the 2001 Notes and the 2008
Notes, the "Senior Debt Securities"), the form and substance of such Senior Debt
Securities and the terms, provisions and conditions thereof to be set forth as
provided in the Base Indenture and this Second Supplemental Indenture (together,
the "Indenture");

                  WHEREAS, the Company has requested that the Trustee execute
and deliver this Second Supplemental Indenture and all requirements necessary to
make this Second Supplemental Indenture a valid instrument in accordance with
its terms, and to make the Senior Debt Securities, when executed by the Company
and authenticated and delivered by the Trustee, the valid obligations of the
Company, and all acts and things necessary have been done and performed to make
this Second Supplemental Indenture enforceable in accordance with its terms, and
the execution and delivery of this Second Supplemental Indenture has been duly
authorized in all respects:

                  NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the purchase and acceptance
of the Senior Debt Securities by the Holders thereof, and for the purpose of
setting forth, as provided in the Indenture, the form and substance of the
Senior Debt Securities and the terms, provisions and conditions thereof, the
Company covenants and agrees with the Trustee as follows:


                                    ARTICLE I
                                   DEFINITIONS

                  SECTION 1.1.  Definition of Terms.

                  Unless the context otherwise requires:


   5


                                                                            2




         (a) a term defined in the Indenture has the same meaning when used in
this Second Supplemental Indenture;

         (b) a term defined anywhere in this Second Supplemental Indenture has
the same meaning throughout;

         (c) the singular includes the plural and vice versa;

         (d) headings are for convenience of reference only and do not affect
interpretation;

         (e) the following terms have the meanings given to them in this Section
1.1(e):

         "Consolidated Net Worth" shall mean the excess of assets over
     liabilities of the Company and its consolidated Subsidiaries, plus Minority
     Interests, as determined from time to time in accordance with generally
     accepted accounting principles.

         "Issue Date" shall mean the first date on which a Senior Debt Security
     is authenticated by the Trustee pursuant to this Second Supplemental
     Indenture.

         "Make-Whole Premium," with respect to any 2008 Note or 2028 Debenture,
     as the case may be, (or portion thereof) to be redeemed will be an amount
     equal to the excess, if any, of:

                  (i) the sum of the present values, calculated as of the
         applicable Redemption Date (as defined herein), of:

                           (A) each interest payment that, but for such
                  redemption, would have been payable on any such Senior Debt
                  Security (or portion thereof) being redeemed on each Interest
                  Payment Date occurring after the Redemption Date (excluding
                  any accrued interest for the period prior to the Redemption
                  Date); and

                           (B) the principal amount that, but for such
                  redemption, would have been payable at the final maturity of
                  any such Senior Debt Security (or portion thereof) being
                  redeemed; over

                  (ii) the principal amount of such Senior Debt Security (or
         portion thereof) being redeemed.

         The present values of interest and principal payments referred to in
clause (i) above will be determined in accordance with generally accepted
principles of financial analysis. Such present values will be calculated by
discounting the amount of each payment of interest or principal from the date
that each such payment would have been payable, but for the redemption, to the
applicable Redemption Date at a discount


   6


                                                                            3



rate equal to the applicable Treasury Yield (as defined herein) plus __ basis
points for the 2008 Notes or the applicable Treasury Yield plus __ basis points
for the 2028 Debentures.

         "Minority Interest" is defined as any shares of stock of any class of a
Subsidiary that are not owned by the Company or a Subsidiary.

         "Permitted Liens" shall mean, with respect to any Person: (i) Liens
existing on the Issue Date; (ii) Liens on property or assets of, or any shares
of stock of or secured debt of, any corporation existing at the time such
corporation becomes a Restricted Subsidiary of the Company or any of its
Restricted Subsidiaries or at the time such corporation is merged into the
Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries; (iii) Liens in favor of the
Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries; (iv) Liens in favor of
governmental bodies to secure progress or advance payments; (v) Liens securing
industrial revenue or pollution control bonds; (vi) Liens on Property to secure
Indebtedness incurred for the purpose of (a) financing all or any part of the
purchase price of such Property incurred prior to, at the time of, or within 180
days after, the acquisition of such Property or (b) financing all or any part of
the cost of construction, improvement, development or expansion of any such
Property; (vii) statutory liens or landlords', carriers', warehouseman's,
mechanics', suppliers', materialmen's, repairmen's or other like Liens arising
in the ordinary course of business and with respect to amounts not yet
delinquent or being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings, if a
reserve or other appropriate provisions, if any, as shall be required in
conformity with generally accepted accounting principles shall have been made
therefor; (viii) Liens on current assets of the Company or its Restricted
Subsidiaries securing Indebtedness of the Company or its Restricted
Subsidiaries; and (ix) any extensions, substitutions, replacements or renewals
in whole or in part of a Lien (an "existing Lien") enumerated in clauses (i)
through (viii) above; provided that the Lien may not extend beyond (A) the
Property or Indebtedness subject to the existing Lien and (B) improvements and
construction on such Property and the Indebtedness secured by the Lien may not
exceed the Indebtedness secured at the time by the existing Lien.

         "Principal Property" means any manufacturing plant or warehouse owned
or leased by the Company or any Subsidiary, the gross book value of which
exceeds four percent of Consolidated Net Worth, other than manufacturing plants
and warehouses which the Board of Directors by resolution declares, together
with all other plants and warehouses previously so declared, is not of material
importance to the total business conducted by the Company and its Restricted
Subsidiaries as an entirety.

         "Property" of any Person means all types of real, personal, tangible,
intangible or mixed property owned by such Person whether or not included in the
most recent consolidated balance sheet of the Company and its Subsidiaries under
generally accepted accounting principles.

         "Restricted Subsidiary" shall mean any Subsidiary of the Company that
is not an Unrestricted Subsidiary.


   7


                                                                            4




         "Stated Maturity" when used with respect to any security or any
installment of interest thereon, shall mean the date specified in such security
as the fixed date on which the principal of such security or such installment of
interest is due and payable.

         "Treasury Yield" means a rate of interest per annum equal to the weekly
average yield to maturity of United States Treasury securities that have a
constant maturity that corresponds to the remaining term to maturity of such
Senior Debt Security, calculated to the nearest 1/12th of a year (the "Remaining
Term"). The Treasury Yield will be determined as of the third business day
immediately preceding the applicable Redemption Date.

         The weekly average yields to maturity of United States Treasury
securities will be determined by reference to the most recent statistical
release published by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York and designated
"H.15(519) Selected Interest Rates" or any successor release (the "H.15
Statistical Release"). If the H.15 Statistical Release sets forth a weekly
average yield to maturity for United States Treasury securities having a
constant maturity that is the same as the Remaining Term, then the Treasury
Yield will be equal to such weekly average yield to maturity. In all other
cases, the Treasury Yield will be calculated by interpolation, on a straight-
line basis, between the weekly average yields to maturity on the United States
Treasury securities that have a constant maturity closest to and greater than
the Remaining Term and the United States Treasury securities that have a
constant maturity closest to and less than the Remaining Term (in each case as
set forth in the H.15 Statistical Release). Any weekly average yields to
maturity as calculated by interpolation will be rounded to the nearest 1/100th
of 1%, with any figure of 1/200th of 1% or above being rounded upward. If weekly
average yields to maturity for United States Treasury securities are not
available in the H.15 Statistical Release or otherwise, then the Treasury Yield
will be calculated by interpolation of comparable rates selected by the
Independent Investment Banker (as defined herein).

         "Unrestricted Subsidiary" means (i) any Subsidiary not organized under
the laws of a state of the United States or the District of Columbia and any
Subsidiary of such Subsidiary which is not organized under the laws of a state
of the United States or the District of Columbia and (ii) any Subsidiary of the
Company that at the time of determination shall be designated an Unrestricted
Subsidiary by the Board of Directors of the Company in the manner provided below
and any Subsidiary of such Subsidiary. The Board of Directors may designate any
Subsidiary of the Company (including any newly-acquired or newly-formed
Subsidiary) organized under the laws of a state of the United States or of the
District of Columbia to be an Unrestricted Subsidiary unless such Subsidiary
owns any capital stock of, or owns or holds any Property of, the Company or any
other Subsidiary of the Company that is not a Subsidiary of the Subsidiary so
designated; provided, however, that the Subsidiary to be so designated has total
assets of $35,000,000 or less.





   8


                                                                            5



                                   ARTICLE II
           GENERAL TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THE SENIOR DEBT SECURITIES

                  SECTION 2.1.  Designation and Principal Amount.

                  There is hereby authorized the following series of Securities
designated:

                  (i) the __% Senior Notes due 2001 (the "2001 Notes"), limited
in aggregate principal amount to $150,000,000, which amount shall be as set
forth in any written order of the Company for the authentication and delivery of
the 2001 Notes pursuant to Section 303 of the Indenture;

                  (ii) The ___% Senior Notes due 2008 (the "2008 Notes"),
limited in aggregate principal amount to $150,000,000, which amount shall be as
set forth in any written order of the Company for the authentication and
delivery of the 2008 Notes pursuant to Section 303 of the Indenture; and

                  (iii) The ___% Senior Debentures due 2028 (the "2028
Debentures"), limited in aggregate principal amount to $150,000,000, which
amount shall be as set forth in any written order of the Company for the
authentication and delivery of the 2028 Debentures pursuant to Section 303 of
the Indenture.

                  SECTION 2.2.  Maturity.

                  The principal amount of the 2001 Notes will be payable on
___________ __, 2001; the principal amount of the 2008 Notes will be payable on
___________ __, 2008; and the principal amount of the 2028 Debentures will be
payable on __________ __, 2028.

                  SECTION 2.3.  Form and Payment.

                  The Senior Debt Securities will be issued as global notes, in
fully registered book-entry form without coupons in denominations of $1,000 and
integral multiples thereof.

                  Principal, premium, if any, and/or interest, if any, on the
global debt securities representing the Senior Debt Securities will be made to
The Depository Trust Company (the "Depositary").

                  The global debt securities representing the Senior Debt
Securities will be deposited with, or on behalf of, the Depositary and will be
registered in the name of the Depositary or a nominee of the Depositary. No
global debt securities may be transferred except as a whole by a nominee of the
Depositary to the Depositary or to another nominee of the Depositary, or by the
Depositary or such nominee to a successor of the Depositary or a nominee of such
successor.

                  So long as the Depositary or its nominee is the registered
owner of a global debt security, the Depositary or its nominee, as the case may
be, will be the sole Holder of


   9


                                                                            6



the Senior Debt Securities represented thereby for all purposes under the
Indenture. Except as otherwise provided herein, each actual purchaser of each
Senior Debt Security represented by a global debt security ("Beneficial Owner")
will not be entitled to receive physical delivery of certificated Senior Debt
Securities and will not be considered the holders thereof for any purpose under
the Indenture, and no global debt security representing the Senior Debt
Securities shall be exchangeable or transferable. Accordingly, each Beneficial
Owner must rely on the procedures of the Depositary and, if such Beneficial
Owner is not a participant, on the procedures of the participant through which
such Beneficial Owner owns its interest in order to exercise any rights of a
Holder under such global debt security or the Indenture.

                  The global debt securities representing each series of Senior
Debt Securities will be exchangeable for certificated Senior Debt Securities of
like tenor and terms and of differing authorized denominations aggregating a
like principal amount, only if (i) the Depositary notifies the Company that it
is unwilling or unable to continue as Depositary for the global debt securities,
(ii) the Depositary ceases to be a clearing agency registered under the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"), (iii) the
Company in its sole discretion determines that the global debt securities shall
be exchangeable for certificated Senior Debt Securities or (iv) there shall have
occurred and be continuing an Event of Default under the Indenture with respect
to the Senior Debt Securities. Upon any such exchange, the certificated Senior
Debt Securities shall be registered in the names of the Beneficial Owners of the
global debt securities representing the Senior Debt Securities, which names
shall be provided by the Depositary's relevant participants (as identified by
the Depositary) to the Trustee. In such event the Company will execute, and
subject to Section 303 of the Indenture, the Trustee, upon receipt of an
Officers Certificate evidencing such determination by the Company, will
authenticate and deliver the Senior Debt Securities in definitive registered
form without coupons, in authorized denominations, and in an aggregate principal
amount equal to the principal amount of the global debt securities in exchange
for such global debt securities. Upon the exchange of the global debt securities
for such Senior Debt Securities in definitive registered form without coupons,
in authorized denominations, the global debt securities shall be cancelled by
the Trustee. Such Senior Debt Securities in definitive registered form issued in
exchange for the global debt securities shall be registered in such names and in
such authorized denominations as the Depositary, pursuant to instructions from
its direct or indirect participants or otherwise, shall instruct the Trustee.
The Trustee shall deliver such Senior Debt Securities to the Depositary for
delivery to the Persons in whose names such Senior Debt Securities are so
registered.

                  SECTION 2.4.  Interest.

                  The 2001 Notes shall bear interest at a rate equal to ____%
per annum; the 2008 Notes shall bear interest at a rate equal to ___% per annum;
and the 2028 Debentures shall bear interest at a rate equal to ___% per annum.
Interest on the Senior Debt Securities shall accrue from ____________ __, 1998,
or from the most recent interest payment date to which interest has been paid or
duly provided upon for such series, as the case may be. Interest on the Senior
Debt Securities shall be payable semiannually in arrears on ____________ __ and
_________ __, commencing ______________ __, 1998 (each an "Interest Payment
Date"), to the persons in whose names the Senior Debt Securities are


   10


                                                                            7



registered at the close of business on _________ and ________, as the case may
be, preceding such Interest Payment Date.


                                   ARTICLE III
                    REDEMPTION OF THE SENIOR DEBT SECURITIES

                  SECTION 3.1.  Optional Redemption.

                  The 2008 Notes and the 2028 Debentures may be redeemed at any
time at the option of the Company, in whole or from time to time in part, upon
not less than 30 and not more than 60 days' notice to the Holders thereof, on
any date prior to maturity (the "Redemption Date") at a price (the "Redemption
Price") equal to (i) 100% of the principal amount of the applicable series of
Senior Debt Securities, plus (ii) accrued interest to the Redemption Date
(subject to the right of Holders of record of such Senior Debt Securities on the
relevant record date to receive interest due on an Interest Payment Date that is
on or prior to the Redemption Date) plus (iii) a Make-Whole Premium, if any. In
no event will the Redemption Price of the Senior Debt Securities be less than
100% of the principal amount of the applicable series of Senior Debt Securities
being redeemed, respectively, plus accrued interest to the applicable Redemption
Date.

                  The Make-Whole Premium will be calculated by an independent
investment banking institution of national standing appointed by the Company;
provided, that if the Company fails to make such appointment at least 45
business days prior to the Redemption Date, or if the institution so appointed
is unwilling or unable to make such calculation, such calculation will be made
by Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated or, if such firm is
unwilling or unable to make such calculation, by an independent investment
banking institution of national standing appointed by the Trustee (in any such
case, an "Independent Investment Banker").

                  If less than all of the Senior Debt Securities of a series are
to be redeemed, the Trustee will select the Senior Debt Securities to be
redeemed by such method as the Trustee shall deem fair and appropriate. The
Trustee may select for redemption Senior Debt Securities and portions of Senior
Debt Securities in amounts of whole multiples of $1,000.

                  SECTION 3.2.  No Sinking Fund.

                  The Senior Debt Securities are not entitled to the benefit of
any sinking fund.


                                   ARTICLE IV
                                    COVENANTS

                  SECTION 4.1.  Amendments to Article 10 of the Indenture.



   11


                                                                            8



                  Article 10 of the Indenture is hereby amended in respect of
the Senior Debt Securities and only in respect of the Senior Debt Securities by
adding Section 1010, Section 1011, Section 1012 and Section 1013 as follows:

                           SECTION 1010.  LIMITATION ON LIENS.

                           The Company will not, and will not permit any of its
                  Restricted Subsidiaries to, create, incur or otherwise cause
                  or suffer to exist or become effective any Liens of any kind
                  upon any Principal Property or any shares of stock or
                  indebtedness of any Restricted Subsidiary (whether such
                  Principal Property, shares of stock or indebtedness are now
                  owned or hereafter acquired) unless all payments due under the
                  Indenture and the Senior Debt Securities are secured on an
                  equal and ratable basis with the obligations so secured until
                  such time as such obligation is no longer secured by a Lien,
                  except for Permitted Liens.

                           SECTION 1011. LIMITATION ON SALE AND LEASEBACK
                  TRANSACTIONS.

                           Neither the Company nor any Restricted Subsidiary
                  will enter into any sale and leaseback transaction with
                  respect to any Principal Property (except for temporary leases
                  of a term, including renewals, not exceeding five years)
                  unless either (a) the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary
                  would be entitled, pursuant to the provisions of the
                  Indenture, to incur Indebtedness secured by a lien on the
                  property to be leased without equally and ratably securing the
                  Senior Debt Securities, or (b) the Company within 180 days
                  after the effective date of such transaction applies to the
                  voluntary retirement of its funded debt an amount equal to the
                  value of such transaction, defined as the greater of the net
                  proceeds of the sale of the property leased in such
                  transaction or the fair value, in the opinion of the Board of
                  Directors, of the leased property at the time such transaction
                  was entered into.

                           SECTION 1012.  EXEMPTED INDEBTEDNESS.

                           Notwithstanding the foregoing limitations in Sections
                  1010 and 1011, the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries may
                  issue, assume, suffer to exist or guarantee Indebtedness
                  secured by a Lien without securing the Senior Debt Securities,
                  or may enter into sale and leaseback transactions without
                  retiring funded debt, or enter into a combination of such
                  transactions, if the sum of the principal amount of all such
                  Indebtedness and the aggregate value of all such sale and
                  leaseback transactions does not at any such time exceed 10% of
                  the consolidated total assets of the Company and its
                  consolidated subsidiaries as shown in the consolidated balance
                  sheet contained in the latest annual or quarterly report filed
                  with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the
                  "Commission").

                           SECTION 1013.  WAIVER OF CERTAIN COVENANTS.


   12


                                                                            9




                           Compliance with Sections 1010 and 1011 may not be
                  waived by the Trustee unless the holders of at least a
                  majority in aggregate principal amount of all Senior Debt
                  Securities consent to such waiver; provided, however, that the
                  Company need not comply with Sections 1010 and 1011 in the
                  event it elects to comply with Section 1302 or Section 1303 of
                  the Base Indenture.


                                    ARTICLE V
                 CONSOLIDATION, MERGER, LEASE, SALE OR TRANSFER

                  SECTION 5.1. Amendments to Article 8 of the Indenture.

                  Article 8 of the Indenture is hereby amended in respect of the
Senior Debt Securities and only in respect of the Senior Debt Securities by
deleting Section 801 in its entirety and replacing it with Section 801 as
follows:

                  SECTION 801. WHEN COMPANY MAY MERGE, ETC.

                  The Company shall not consolidate or merge with or into, or
         sell, lease, convey or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of
         its assets or assign any of its obligations unless:

                  (1) the entity formed by or surviving any such consolidation
         or merger (if other than the Company), or to which such sale, lease,
         conveyance or other disposition shall have been made (the "Surviving
         Entity"), is a corporation organized and existing under the laws of the
         United States, any state thereof, or the District of Columbia;

                  (2) the Surviving Entity assumes by supplemental indenture all
         of the obligations of the Company under the Senior Debt Securities and
         the Indenture; and

                  (3) immediately after giving effect to such transaction, no
         Default or Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing.


                                   ARTICLE VI
                         FORM OF SENIOR DEBT SECURITIES

                  SECTION 6.1. Form of Senior Debt Securities.

                  The Senior Debt Securities and the Trustee's Certificates of
Authentication to be endorsed thereon are to be substantially in the form of
Exhibit A, Exhibit B and Exhibit C hereto which forms are hereby incorporated in
and made a part of this Second Supplemental Indenture.

                  The terms and provisions contained in the Senior Debt
Securities shall constitute, and are hereby expressly made, a part of this
Second Supplemental Indenture, and


   13


                                                                           10



the Company and the Trustee, by their execution and delivery of this Second
Supplemental Indenture, expressly agree to such terms and provisions and to be
bound thereby.


                                   ARTICLE VII
                    ORIGINAL ISSUE OF SENIOR DEBT SECURITIES

                  SECTION 7.1. Original Issue of Senior Debt Securities.

                  2001 Notes in the aggregate principal amount of $150,000,000,
2008 Notes in the aggregate principal amount of $150,000,000, and 2028
Debentures in the aggregate principal amount of $150,000,000 may, upon execution
of this Second Supplemental Indenture, be executed by the Company and delivered
to the Trustee for authentication, and the Trustee shall thereupon authenticate
and deliver said Senior Debt Securities to or upon the written order of the
Company, signed by its Chairman, its Vice Chairman, its President, or any Vice
President and attested by its Secretary or one of its Assistant Secretaries,
without any further action by the Company.


                                  ARTICLE VIII
                                  MISCELLANEOUS

                  SECTION 8.1. Ratification of Indenture.

                  The Indenture as supplemented by this Second Supplemental
Indenture, is in all respects ratified and confirmed, and this Second
Supplemental Indenture shall be deemed part of the Indenture in the manner and
to the extent herein and therein provided.

                  SECTION 8.2. Trustee Not Responsible for Recitals.

                  The recitals herein contained are made by the Company and not
by the Trustee, and the Trustee assumes no responsibility for the correctness
thereof. The Trustee makes no representation as to the validity or sufficiency
of this Second Supplemental Indenture.

                  SECTION 8.3. Governing Law.

                  This Second Supplemental Indenture and each 2001 Note, 2008
Note and 2028 Debenture shall be deemed to be a contract made under the laws of
the State of New York, and for all purposes shall be construed in accordance
with the laws of said State.

                  SECTION 8.4. Separability.

                  In case any one or more of the provisions contained in this
Second Supplemental Indenture or in the 2001 Notes, the 2008 Notes or the 2028
Debentures shall for any reason be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable
in any respect, such invalidity, illegality or unenforceability shall not affect
any other provisions of this Second Supplemental


   14


                                                                           11



Indenture or of the 2001 Notes, the 2008 Notes or the 2028 Debentures, but this
Second Supplemental Indenture and the 2001 Notes, the 2008 Notes and the 2028
Debentures shall be construed as if such invalid or illegal or unenforceable
provision had never been contained herein or therein.

                  SECTION 8.5. Counterparts.

                  This Second Supplemental Indenture may be executed in any
number of counterparts each of which shall be an original; but such counterparts
shall together constitute but one and the same instrument.




   15


                                                                           12



                  IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Second
Supplemental Indenture to be duly executed, and their respective corporate seals
to be affixed and attested, on the date or dates indicated in the
acknowledgments and as of the day and year first above written.

                                            KENNAMETAL INC., as Issuer

                                            By: ______________________________
                                                 Name:
                                                 Title:


Attest:


By:_______________________________


                                            THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF
                                            CHICAGO, as Trustee


                                            By: ______________________________
                                                 Name:
                                                 Title:


Attest:

By:_______________________________

   1
                                                                 Exhibit 4.12


                          Form of Senior Notes due 2001


                       (FORM OF FACE OF 2001 SENIOR NOTES)

                  [IF THE NOTE IS TO BE A GLOBAL NOTE, INSERT - This Note is a
Global Note within the meaning of the Indenture hereinafter referred to and is
registered in the name of the Depositary or a nominee of the Depositary. This
2001 Note is exchangeable for 2001 Notes registered in the name of a person
other than the Depositary or its nominee only in the limited circumstances
described in the Indenture, and no transfer of this Note (other than a transfer
of this Note as a whole by the Depositary to a nominee of the Depositary or by a
nominee of the Depositary to the Depositary or another nominee of the
Depositary) may be registered except in limited circumstances.

                  Unless this Note is presented by an authorized representative
of The Depository Trust Company (55 Water Street, New York, New York) to the
issuer or its agent for registration of transfer, exchange or payment, and any
Note issued is registered in the name of Cede & Co. or such other name as
requested by an authorized representative of The Depository Trust Company and
any payment hereon is made to Cede & Co., ANY TRANSFER, PLEDGE OR OTHER USE
HEREOF FOR VALUE OR OTHERWISE BY A PERSON IS WRONGFUL since the registered owner
hereof, Cede & Co., has an interest herein.]

No. _________________________                     $____________________________
CUSIP No.____________________

   2




                                 KENNAMETAL INC.
                            __% Senior Notes due 2001

                  KENNAMETAL INC., a corporation duly organized and existing
under the laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania (the "Company", which term
includes any successor corporation under the Indenture hereinafter referred to),
for value received, hereby promises to pay to Cede & Co., or registered assigns,
the principal sum of _______________ ($______________) on _______ __, 2001 (such
date is hereinafter referred to as the "Maturity Date"), and to pay interest on
said principal sum from January __, 1998, or from the most recent interest
payment date (each such date, an "Interest Payment Date") to which interest has
been paid or duly provided for, semi-annually in arrears on _______ __ and
_______ __ of each year, commencing on _______ __, 1998, at the rate of __% per
annum until the principal hereof shall have become due and payable. The interest
so payable, and punctually paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment
Date will, as provided in the Indenture, be paid to the person in whose name
this Note (or one or more Predecessor Securities, as defined in said Indenture)
is registered at the close of business on the regular record date for such
interest which shall be the close of business on the _______ __ or _______ __,
as the case may be, preceding such Interest Payment Date. Any such interest not
punctually paid or duly provided for shall forthwith cease to be payable to the
registered Holders on such regular record date and may be paid to the Person in
whose name this Note (or one or more Predecessor Securities) is registered at
the close of business on a special record date to be fixed by the Trustee for
the payment of such defaulted interest to be fixed by the Trustee, notice
whereof shall be given to the registered Holders of this series of Notes not
less than 10 days prior to such special record date, or may be paid at any time
in any other lawful manner not inconsistent with the requirements of any
securities exchange on which the Notes may be listed, and upon such notice as
may be required by such exchange all as more fully provided in the Indenture.
The principal of, and premium, if any, and the interest on this Note shall be
payable at the office or agency of the Trustee maintained for that purpose in
the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, in any coin or currency of the
United States of America that at the time of payment is legal tender for payment
of public and private debts; provided, however, that payment of interest may be
made at the option of the Company by check mailed to the registered Holder at
such address as shall appear in the Security Register.

                  The indebtedness evidenced by this Note is, to the extent
provided in the Indenture, senior and unsecured and will rank in right of
payment on parity with all other senior unsecured obligations of the Company.
Each Holder of this Note by accepting the same, (a) agrees to and shall be bound
by such provisions, (b) authorizes and directs the Trustee on his or her behalf
to take such action as may be necessary or appropriate to acknowledge or
effectuate the subordination so provided and (c) appoints the Trustee his or her
attorney-in-fact for any and all such purposes.

                  This Note shall not be entitled to any benefit under the
Indenture hereinafter referred to, be valid or become obligatory for any purpose
until the Certificate of Authentication hereon shall have been signed by or on
behalf of the Trustee.



   3


                                                                             2



                  The provisions of this Note are continued on the reverse side
hereof and such continued provisions shall for all purposes have the same effect
as though fully set forth at this place.

                  IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this instrument to
be executed.

Dated

                                          KENNAMETAL INC.


                                          By:______________________________
                                              Name:
                                              Title:

Attest:


By:______________________________
    Name:
    Title:



   4



                     (FORM OF CERTIFICATE OF AUTHENTICATION)

                          CERTIFICATE OF AUTHENTICATION

                  This is one of the Notes of the series of Notes described in
the within-mentioned Indenture.

Dated___________________________

THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF
CHICAGO, as Trustee

By______________________________
   Authorized Signatory


                            (FORM OF REVERSE OF NOTE)
                                 KENNAMETAL INC.
                            __% Senior Notes due 2001

                  This Note is one of a duly authorized series of Securities of
the Company (herein sometimes referred to as the "Securities"), specified in the
Indenture, all issued or to be issued in one or more series under and pursuant
to an Indenture dated as of January __, 1998 (the "Base Indenture"), duly
executed and delivered between the Company and The First National Bank of
Chicago, as Trustee (the "Trustee") (as supplemented by a Second Supplemental
Indenture, dated January __, 1998), (the Base Indenture as so supplemented, the
"Indenture"), to which Indenture and all indentures supplemental thereto
reference is hereby made for a description of the rights, limitations of rights,
obligations, duties and immunities thereunder of the Trustee, the Company and
the Holders of the Securities. By the terms of the Indenture, the Securities are
issuable in series that may vary as to amount, date of maturity, rate of
interest and in other respects as provided in the Indenture. This series of
Securities is limited in aggregate principal amount as specified in said Second
Supplemental Indenture.

                  The Notes are not entitled to the benefit of any sinking fund.

                  The Indenture contains provisions for defeasance of (a) the
entire indebtedness of this Note and (b) certain restrictive covenants upon
compliance by the Company with certain conditions set forth therein.

                  In case an Event of Default, as defined in the Indenture,
shall have occurred and be continuing, the principal of all of the Notes may be
declared, and upon such declaration shall become, due and payable, in the
manner, with the effect and subject to the conditions provided in the Indenture.

                  The Indenture contains provisions permitting the Company and
the Trustee, with the consent of the Holders of not less than a majority in
aggregate principal amount of


   5


                                                                            2



the Notes of each series affected at the time outstanding, as defined in the
Indenture, to execute supplemental indentures for the purpose of, among other
things, adding any provisions to or changing or eliminating any of the
provisions of the Indenture or of any supplemental indenture or of modifying the
rights of the Holders of the Notes; provided, however, that, among other things,
no such supplemental indenture shall (i) reduce the principal amount thereof, or
reduce the rate or extend the time of payment of interest thereon (subject to
the Company's right to defer such payments in the manner set forth herein), or
reduce any premium payable upon the redemption thereof, without the consent of
the Holder of each Note so affected, or (ii) reduce the aforesaid percentage of
Notes, the Holders of which are required to consent to any such supplemental
indenture, without the consent of the Holders of each Note then outstanding and
affected thereby. The Indenture also contains provisions permitting the Holders
of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Securities of any series at
the time outstanding affected thereby, on behalf of all of the Holders of the
Notes of such series, to waive a Default or Event of Default with respect to
such series, and its consequences, except a Default or Event of Default in the
payment of the principal of or premium, if any, or interest on any of the
Securities of such series. Any such consent or waiver by the registered Holder
of this Note (unless revoked as provided in the Indenture) shall be conclusive
and binding upon such Holder and upon all future Holders and owners of this Note
and of any Note issued in exchange for or in place hereof (whether by
registration of transfer or otherwise), irrespective of whether or not any
notation of such consent or waiver is made upon this Note.

                  No reference herein to the Indenture and no provision of this
Note or of the Indenture shall alter or impair the obligation of the Company,
which is absolute and unconditional, to pay the principal of and premium, if
any, and interest on this Note at the time and place and at the rate and in the
money herein prescribed.

                  As provided in the Indenture and subject to certain
limitations therein set forth, this Note is transferable by the registered
Holder hereof on the Security Register of the Company, upon surrender of this
Note for registration of transfer at the office or agency of the Trustee in The
City of New York accompanied by a written instrument or instruments of transfer
in form satisfactory to the Company or the Trustee duly executed by the
registered Holder hereof or his attorney duly authorized in writing, and
thereupon one or more new Notes of authorized denominations and for the same
aggregate principal amount and series will be issued to the designated
transferee or transferees. No service charge will be made for any such transfer,
but the Company may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or
other governmental charge payable in relation thereto.

                  Prior to due presentment for registration of transfer of this
Note, the Company, the Trustee, any Paying Agent and the Security Registrar may
deem and treat the registered holder hereof as the absolute owner hereof
(whether or not this Note shall be overdue and notwithstanding any notice of
ownership or writing hereon made by anyone other than the Security Registrar)
for the purpose of receiving payment of or on account of the principal hereof
and premium, if any, and interest due hereon and for all other purposes, and
neither the Company nor the Trustee nor any Paying Agent nor any Security
Registrar shall be affected by any notice to the contrary.


   6


                                                                            3




                  No recourse shall be had for the payment of the principal of
or the interest on this Note, or for any claim based hereon, or otherwise in
respect hereof, or based on or in respect of the Indenture, against any
incorporator, shareholder, officer or director, past, present or future, as
such, of the Company or of any predecessor or successor corporation, whether by
virtue of any constitution, statute or rule of law, or by the enforcement of any
assessment or penalty or otherwise, and such liability being, by the acceptance
hereof and as part of the consideration for the issuance hereof, expressly
waived and released.

                  The Indenture imposes certain limitations on the ability of
the Company to, among other things, merge or consolidate with any other Person,
sell, assign, transfer or lease all or substantially all of its properties or
assets or create or incur liens on certain of its property. All such covenants
and limitations are subject to a number of important qualifications and
exceptions. The Company must report periodically to the Trustee on compliance
with the covenants in the Indenture.

                  The Notes of this series are issuable only in fully registered
book-entry form without coupons in denominations of $1,000 and any integral
multiple thereof. This Global Note is exchangeable for Notes in definitive form
only under certain limited circumstances set forth in the Indenture. As provided
in the Indenture and subject to certain limitations therein set forth, Notes of
this series so issued are exchangeable for a like aggregate principal amount of
Notes of this series of a different authorized denomination, as requested by the
Holder surrendering the same.

                  This Note shall be governed by and construed in accordance
with the laws of the State of New York.

                  All terms used in this Note that are defined in the Indenture
shall have the meanings assigned to them in the Indenture.



   7


                                                                            4


                            ------------------------
                                   ASSIGNMENT


                  FOR VALUE RECEIVED, the undersigned assigns and transfers this
Note to:



        (Insert assignee's social security or tax identification number)




                    (Insert address and zip code of assignee)

and irrevocably appoints



agent to transfer this Note on the books of the Trustee. The agent may
substitute another to act for him or her.

Date:___________________________________

                                   Signature:_________________________________

                                   Signature Guarantee:________________________





       (Sign exactly as your name appears on the other side of this Note)



   1
                                                                 Exhibit 4.13


                          Form of Senior Notes due 2008


                       (FORM OF FACE OF 2008 SENIOR NOTES)

                  [IF THE NOTE IS TO BE A GLOBAL NOTE, INSERT - This Note is a
Global Note within the meaning of the Indenture hereinafter referred to and is
registered in the name of the Depositary or a nominee of the Depositary. This
2008 Note is exchangeable for 2008 Notes registered in the name of a person
other than the Depositary or its nominee only in the limited circumstances
described in the Indenture, and no transfer of this Note (other than a transfer
of this Note as a whole by the Depositary to a nominee of the Depositary or by a
nominee of the Depositary to the Depositary or another nominee of the
Depositary) may be registered except in limited circumstances.

                  Unless this Note is presented by an authorized representative
of The Depository Trust Company (55 Water Street, New York, New York) to the
issuer or its agent for registration of transfer, exchange or payment, and any
Note issued is registered in the name of Cede & Co. or such other name as
requested by an authorized representative of The Depository Trust Company and
any payment hereon is made to Cede & Co., ANY TRANSFER, PLEDGE OR OTHER USE
HEREOF FOR VALUE OR OTHERWISE BY A PERSON IS WRONGFUL since the registered owner
hereof, Cede & Co., has an interest herein.]

No. _________________________                    $____________________________
CUSIP No.____________________


   2





                                 KENNAMETAL INC.
                            __% Senior Notes due 2008

                  KENNAMETAL INC., a corporation duly organized and existing
under the laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania (the "Company", which term
includes any successor corporation under the Indenture hereinafter referred to),
for value received, hereby promises to pay to Cede & Co., or registered assigns,
the principal sum of _______________ ($______________) on _______ __, 2008 (such
date is hereinafter referred to as the "Maturity Date"), and to pay interest on
said principal sum from January __, 1998, or from the most recent interest
payment date (each such date, an "Interest Payment Date") to which interest has
been paid or duly provided for, semi-annually in arrears on _______ __ and
_______ __ of each year, commencing on _______ __, 1998, at the rate of __% per
annum until the principal hereof shall have become due and payable. The interest
so payable, and punctually paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment
Date will, as provided in the Indenture, be paid to the person in whose name
this Note (or one or more Predecessor Securities, as defined in said Indenture)
is registered at the close of business on the regular record date for such
interest which shall be the close of business on the _______ __ or _______ __,
as the case may be, preceding such Interest Payment Date. Any such interest not
punctually paid or duly provided for shall forthwith cease to be payable to the
registered Holders on such regular record date and may be paid to the Person in
whose name this Note (or one or more Predecessor Securities) is registered at
the close of business on a special record date to be fixed by the Trustee for
the payment of such defaulted interest to be fixed by the Trustee, notice
whereof shall be given to the registered Holders of this series of Notes not
less than 10 days prior to such special record date, or may be paid at any time
in any other lawful manner not inconsistent with the requirements of any
securities exchange on which the Notes may be listed, and upon such notice as
may be required by such exchange all as more fully provided in the Indenture.
The principal of, and premium, if any, and the interest on this Note shall be
payable at the office or agency of the Trustee maintained for that purpose in
the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, in any coin or currency of the
United States of America that at the time of payment is legal tender for payment
of public and private debts; provided, however, that payment of interest may be
made at the option of the Company by check mailed to the registered Holder at
such address as shall appear in the Security Register.

                  The indebtedness evidenced by this Note is, to the extent
provided in the Indenture, senior and unsecured and will rank in right of
payment on parity with all other senior unsecured obligations of the Company.
Each Holder of this Note by accepting the same, (a) agrees to and shall be bound
by such provisions, (b) authorizes and directs the Trustee on his or her behalf
to take such action as may be necessary or appropriate to acknowledge or
effectuate the subordination so provided and (c) appoints the Trustee his or her
attorney-in-fact for any and all such purposes.

                  This Note shall not be entitled to any benefit under the
Indenture hereinafter referred to, be valid or become obligatory for any purpose
until the Certificate of Authentication hereon shall have been signed by or on
behalf of the Trustee.



   3


                                                                            2



                  The provisions of this Note are continued on the reverse side
hereof and such continued provisions shall for all purposes have the same effect
as though fully set forth at this place.

                  IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this instrument to
be executed.

Dated

                                             KENNAMETAL INC.


                                             By:______________________________
                                                 Name:
                                                 Title:

Attest:


By:______________________________
    Name:
    Title:



   4










                     (FORM OF CERTIFICATE OF AUTHENTICATION)

                          CERTIFICATE OF AUTHENTICATION

                  This is one of the Notes of the series of Notes described in
the within-mentioned Indenture.

Dated___________________________

THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF
CHICAGO, as Trustee

By______________________________
   Authorized Signatory


                            (FORM OF REVERSE OF NOTE)
                                 KENNAMETAL INC.
                            __% Senior Notes due 2008

                  This Note is one of a duly authorized series of Securities of
the Company (herein sometimes referred to as the "Securities"), specified in the
Indenture, all issued or to be issued in one or more series under and pursuant
to an Indenture dated as of January __, 1998 (the "Base Indenture"), duly
executed and delivered between the Company and The First National Bank of
Chicago, as Trustee (the "Trustee") (as supplemented by a Second Supplemental
Indenture, dated January __, 1998), (the Base Indenture as so supplemented, the
"Indenture"), to which Indenture and all indentures supplemental thereto
reference is hereby made for a description of the rights, limitations of rights,
obligations, duties and immunities thereunder of the Trustee, the Company and
the Holders of the Securities. By the terms of the Indenture, the Securities are
issuable in series that may vary as to amount, date of maturity, rate of
interest and in other respects as provided in the Indenture. This series of
Securities is limited in aggregate principal amount as specified in said Second
Supplemental Indenture.

                  The Notes are not entitled to the benefit of any sinking fund.

                  The Notes may be redeemed at any time at the option of the
Company, in whole or from time to time in part, upon not less than 30 and not
more than 60 days' notice to the Holders thereof, on any date prior to maturity
(the "Redemption Date") at a price (the "Redemption Price") equal to (i) 100% of
the principal amount of the Notes, plus (ii) accrued interest to the Redemption
Date (subject to the right of Holders of record of such Notes on the relevant
record date to receive interest due on an Interest Payment Date that is on or
prior to the Redemption Date) plus (iii) a Make-Whole Premium (as defined
below), if any. In no event will the Redemption Price of the Notes be less than
100% of the principal amount of the applicable series of Notes being redeemed,
respectively, plus accrued interest to the applicable Redemption Date.



   5


                                                                            2



                  As used herein:

                  "Make-Whole Premium," means an amount equal to the excess, if
         any, of:

                  (i) the sum of the present values, calculated as of the
         applicable Redemption Date, of:

                           (A) each interest payment that, but for such
                  redemption, would have been payable on any such Note (or
                  portion thereof) being redeemed on each Interest Payment Date
                  occurring after the Redemption Date (excluding any accrued
                  interest for the period prior to the Redemption Date); and

                           (B) the principal amount that, but for such
                  redemption, would have been payable at the final maturity of
                  any such Note (or portion thereof) being redeemed; over

                  (ii) the principal amount of such Note (or portion thereof)
         being redeemed.

The present values of interest and principal payments referred to in clause (i)
above will be determined in accordance with generally accepted principles of
financial analysis. Such present values will be calculated by discounting the
amount of each payment of interest or principal from the date that each such
payment would have been payable, but for the redemption, to the applicable
Redemption Date at a discount rate equal to the applicable Treasury Yield (as
defined herein) plus __ basis points.

                  "Treasury Yield" means a rate of interest per annum equal to
the weekly average yield to maturity of United States Treasury securities that
have a constant maturity that corresponds to the remaining term to maturity of
the Notes, calculated to the nearest 1/12th of a year (the "Remaining Term").
The Treasury Yield will be determined as of the third business day immediately
preceding the applicable Redemption Date.

                  The weekly average yields to maturity of United States
Treasury securities will be determined by reference to the most recent
statistical release published by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York and
designated "H.15(519) Selected Interest Rates" or any successor release (the
"H.15 Statistical Release"). If the H.15 Statistical Release sets forth a weekly
average yield to maturity for United States Treasury securities having a
constant maturity that is the same as the Remaining Term, then the Treasury
Yield will be equal to such weekly average yield to maturity. In all other
cases, the Treasury Yield will be calculated by interpolation, on a
straight-line basis, between the weekly average yields to maturity on the United
States Treasury securities that have a constant maturity closest to and greater
than the Remaining Term and the United States Treasury securities that have a
constant maturity closest to and less than the Remaining Term (in each case as
set forth in the H.15 Statistical Release). Any weekly average yields to
maturity as calculated by interpolation will be rounded to the nearest 1/100th
of 1%, with any figure of 1/200th of 1% or above being rounded upward. If weekly
average yields to maturity for United States Treasury securities are not
available in the H.15 Statistical Release or otherwise, then the


   6


                                                                            3



Treasury Yield will be calculated by interpolation of comparable rates selected
by the Independent Investment Banker.

                  If less than all of the Notes of a series are to be redeemed,
the Trustee will select the Notes to be redeemed by such method as the Trustee
shall deem fair and appropriate. The Trustee may select for redemption Notes and
portions of Notes in amounts of whole multiples of $1,000.

                  The Indenture contains provisions for defeasance of (a) the
entire indebtedness of this Note and (b) certain restrictive covenants upon
compliance by the Company with certain conditions set forth therein.

                  In case an Event of Default, as defined in the Indenture,
shall have occurred and be continuing, the principal of all of the Notes may be
declared, and upon such declaration shall become, due and payable, in the
manner, with the effect and subject to the conditions provided in the Indenture.

                  The Indenture contains provisions permitting the Company and
the Trustee, with the consent of the Holders of not less than a majority in
aggregate principal amount of the Notes of each series affected at the time
outstanding, as defined in the Indenture, to execute supplemental indentures for
the purpose of, among other things, adding any provisions to or changing or
eliminating any of the provisions of the Indenture or of any supplemental
indenture or of modifying the rights of the Holders of the Notes; provided,
however, that, among other things, no such supplemental indenture shall (i)
reduce the principal amount thereof, or reduce the rate or extend the time of
payment of interest thereon (subject to the Company's right to defer such
payments in the manner set forth herein), or reduce any premium payable upon the
redemption thereof, without the consent of the Holder of each Note so affected,
or (ii) reduce the aforesaid percentage of Notes, the Holders of which are
required to consent to any such supplemental indenture, without the consent of
the Holders of each Note then outstanding and affected thereby. The Indenture
also contains provisions permitting the Holders of a majority in aggregate
principal amount of the Securities of any series at the time outstanding
affected thereby, on behalf of all of the Holders of the Notes of such series,
to waive a Default or Event of Default with respect to such series, and its
consequences, except a Default or Event of Default in the payment of the
principal of or premium, if any, or interest on any of the Securities of such
series. Any such consent or waiver by the registered Holder of this Note (unless
revoked as provided in the Indenture) shall be conclusive and binding upon such
Holder and upon all future Holders and owners of this Note and of any Note
issued in exchange for or in place hereof (whether by registration of transfer
or otherwise), irrespective of whether or not any notation of such consent or
waiver is made upon this Note.

                  No reference herein to the Indenture and no provision of this
Note or of the Indenture shall alter or impair the obligation of the Company,
which is absolute and unconditional, to pay the principal of and premium, if
any, and interest on this Note at the time and place and at the rate and in the
money herein prescribed.



   7


                                                                            4



                  As provided in the Indenture and subject to certain
limitations therein set forth, this Note is transferable by the registered
Holder hereof on the Security Register of the Company, upon surrender of this
Note for registration of transfer at the office or agency of the Trustee in The
City of New York accompanied by a written instrument or instruments of transfer
in form satisfactory to the Company or the Trustee duly executed by the
registered Holder hereof or his attorney duly authorized in writing, and
thereupon one or more new Notes of authorized denominations and for the same
aggregate principal amount and series will be issued to the designated
transferee or transferees. No service charge will be made for any such transfer,
but the Company may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or
other governmental charge payable in relation thereto.

                  Prior to due presentment for registration of transfer of this
Note, the Company, the Trustee, any Paying Agent and the Security Registrar may
deem and treat the registered holder hereof as the absolute owner hereof
(whether or not this Note shall be overdue and notwithstanding any notice of
ownership or writing hereon made by anyone other than the Security Registrar)
for the purpose of receiving payment of or on account of the principal hereof
and premium, if any, and interest due hereon and for all other purposes, and
neither the Company nor the Trustee nor any Paying Agent nor any Security
Registrar shall be affected by any notice to the contrary.

                  No recourse shall be had for the payment of the principal of
or the interest on this Note, or for any claim based hereon, or otherwise in
respect hereof, or based on or in respect of the Indenture, against any
incorporator, shareholder, officer or director, past, present or future, as
such, of the Company or of any predecessor or successor corporation, whether by
virtue of any constitution, statute or rule of law, or by the enforcement of any
assessment or penalty or otherwise, and such liability being, by the acceptance
hereof and as part of the consideration for the issuance hereof, expressly
waived and released.

                  The Indenture imposes certain limitations on the ability of
the Company to, among other things, merge or consolidate with any other Person,
sell, assign, transfer or lease all or substantially all of its properties or
assets or create or incur liens on certain of its property. All such covenants
and limitations are subject to a number of important qualifications and
exceptions. The Company must report periodically to the Trustee on compliance
with the covenants in the Indenture.

                  The Notes of this series are issuable only in fully registered
book-entry form without coupons in denominations of $1,000 and any integral
multiple thereof. This Global Note is exchangeable for Notes in definitive form
only under certain limited circumstances set forth in the Indenture. As provided
in the Indenture and subject to certain limitations therein set forth, Notes of
this series so issued are exchangeable for a like aggregate principal amount of
Notes of this series of a different authorized denomination, as requested by the
Holder surrendering the same.

                  This Note shall be governed by and construed in accordance
with the laws of the State of New York.



   8


                                                                            5



                  All terms used in this Note that are defined in the Indenture
shall have the meanings assigned to them in the Indenture.



   9


                                                                            6


                            ------------------------
                                   ASSIGNMENT


                  FOR VALUE RECEIVED, the undersigned assigns and transfers this
Note to:



        (Insert assignee's social security or tax identification number)




                    (Insert address and zip code of assignee)

and irrevocably appoints



agent to transfer this Note on the books of the Trustee. The agent may
substitute another to act for him or her.

Date:___________________________________

                                   Signature:_________________________________

                                   Signature Guarantee:________________________





       (Sign exactly as your name appears on the other side of this Note)



   1
                                                                 Exhibit 4.14


                       Form of Senior Debentures due 2028


                    (FORM OF FACE OF 2028 SENIOR DEBENTURES)

                  [IF THE DEBENTURE IS TO BE A GLOBAL DEBENTURE, INSERT - This
Debenture is a Global Debenture within the meaning of the Indenture hereinafter
referred to and is registered in the name of the Depositary or a nominee of the
Depositary. This 2028 Debenture is exchangeable for 2028 Debentures registered
in the name of a person other than the Depositary or its nominee only in the
limited circumstances described in the Indenture, and no transfer of this
Debenture (other than a transfer of this Debenture as a whole by the Depositary
to a nominee of the Depositary or by a nominee of the Depositary to the
Depositary or another nominee of the Depositary) may be registered except in
limited circumstances.

                  Unless this Debenture is presented by an authorized
representative of The Depository Trust Company (55 Water Street, New York, New
York) to the issuer or its agent for registration of transfer, exchange or
payment, and any Debenture issued is registered in the name of Cede & Co. or
such other name as requested by an authorized representative of The Depository
Trust Company and any payment hereon is made to Cede & Co., ANY TRANSFER, PLEDGE
OR OTHER USE HEREOF FOR VALUE OR OTHERWISE BY A PERSON IS WRONGFUL since the
registered owner hereof, Cede & Co., has an interest herein.]

No. _________________________                   $____________________________
CUSIP No.____________________



   2




                                 KENNAMETAL INC.
                          __% Senior Debenture due 2028

                  KENNAMETAL INC., a corporation duly organized and existing
under the laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania (the "Company", which term
includes any successor corporation under the Indenture hereinafter referred to),
for value received, hereby promises to pay to Cede & Co., or registered assigns,
the principal sum of _______________ ($______________) on _______ __, 2028 (such
date is hereinafter referred to as the "Maturity Date"), and to pay interest on
said principal sum from January __, 1998, or from the most recent interest
payment date (each such date, an "Interest Payment Date") to which interest has
been paid or duly provided for, semi-annually in arrears on _______ __ and
_______ __ of each year, commencing on _______ __, 1998, at the rate of __% per
annum until the principal hereof shall have become due and payable. The interest
so payable, and punctually paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment
Date will, as provided in the Indenture, be paid to the person in whose name
this Debenture (or one or more Predecessor Securities, as defined in said
Indenture) is registered at the close of business on the regular record date for
such interest which shall be the close of business on the _______ __ or _______
__, as the case may be, preceding such Interest Payment Date. Any such interest
not punctually paid or duly provided for shall forthwith cease to be payable to
the registered Holders on such regular record date and may be paid to the Person
in whose name this Debenture (or one or more Predecessor Securities) is
registered at the close of business on a special record date to be fixed by the
Trustee for the payment of such defaulted interest to be fixed by the Trustee,
notice whereof shall be given to the registered Holders of this series of
Debentures not less than 10 days prior to such special record date, or may be
paid at any time in any other lawful manner not inconsistent with the
requirements of any securities exchange on which the Debentures may be listed,
and upon such notice as may be required by such exchange all as more fully
provided in the Indenture. The principal of, and premium, if any, and the
interest on this Debenture shall be payable at the office or agency of the
Trustee maintained for that purpose in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New
York, in any coin or currency of the United States of America that at the time
of payment is legal tender for payment of public and private debts; provided,
however, that payment of interest may be made at the option of the Company by
check mailed to the registered Holder at such address as shall appear in the
Security Register.

                  The indebtedness evidenced by this Debenture is, to the extent
provided in the Indenture, senior and unsecured and will rank in right of
payment on parity with all other senior unsecured obligations of the Company.
Each Holder of this Debenture by accepting the same, (a) agrees to and shall be
bound by such provisions, (b) authorizes and directs the Trustee on his or her
behalf to take such action as may be necessary or appropriate to acknowledge or
effectuate the subordination so provided and (c) appoints the Trustee his or her
attorney-in-fact for any and all such purposes.

                  This Debenture shall not be entitled to any benefit under the
Indenture hereinafter referred to, be valid or become obligatory for any purpose
until the Certificate of Authentication hereon shall have been signed by or on
behalf of the Trustee.



   3


                                                                            2



                  The provisions of this Debenture are continued on the reverse
side hereof and such continued provisions shall for all purposes have the same
effect as though fully set forth at this place.

                  IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this instrument to
be executed.

Dated

                                             KENNAMETAL INC.


                                             By:______________________________
                                                 Name:
                                                 Title:

Attest:


By:______________________________
    Name:
    Title:



   4







                     (FORM OF CERTIFICATE OF AUTHENTICATION)

                          CERTIFICATE OF AUTHENTICATION

                  This is one of the Debentures of the series of Debentures
described in the within-mentioned Indenture.

Dated___________________________

THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF
CHICAGO, as Trustee

By______________________________
   Authorized Signatory


                         (FORM OF REVERSE OF DEBENTURE)
                                 KENNAMETAL INC.
                              __% Senior Debenture
                                    due 2028

                  This Debenture is one of a duly authorized series of
Securities of the Company (herein sometimes referred to as the "Securities"),
specified in the Indenture, all issued or to be issued in one or more series
under and pursuant to an Indenture dated as of January __, 1998 (the "Base
Indenture"), duly executed and delivered between the Company and The First
National Bank of Chicago, as Trustee (the "Trustee") (as supplemented by a
Second Supplemental Indenture, dated January __, 1998), (the Base Indenture as
so supplemented, the "Indenture"), to which Indenture and all indentures
supplemental thereto reference is hereby made for a description of the rights,
limitations of rights, obligations, duties and immunities thereunder of the
Trustee, the Company and the Holders of the Securities. By the terms of the
Indenture, the Securities are issuable in series that may vary as to amount,
date of maturity, rate of interest and in other respects as provided in the
Indenture. This series of Securities is limited in aggregate principal amount as
specified in said Second Supplemental Indenture.

                  The Debentures are not entitled to the benefit of any sinking
fund.

                  The Debentures may be redeemed at any time at the option of
the Company, in whole or from time to time in part, upon not less than 30 and
not more than 60 days' notice to the Holders thereof, on any date prior to
maturity (the "Redemption Date") at a price (the "Redemption Price") equal to
(i) 100% of the principal amount of the Debentures, plus (ii) accrued interest
to the Redemption Date (subject to the right of Holders of record of such
Debentures on the relevant record date to receive interest due on an Interest
Payment Date that is on or prior to the Redemption Date) plus (iii) a Make-Whole
Premium (as defined below), if any. In no event will the Redemption Price of the
Debentures be less than 100% of the principal amount of the applicable series of
Debentures being redeemed, respectively, plus accrued interest to the applicable
Redemption Date.


   5


                                                                            2




                  As used herein:

                  "Make-Whole Premium," means an amount equal to the excess, if
         any, of:

                  (i) the sum of the present values, calculated as of the
         applicable Redemption Date, of:

                           (A) each interest payment that, but for such
                  redemption, would have been payable on any such Debenture (or
                  portion thereof) being redeemed on each Interest Payment Date
                  occurring after the Redemption Date (excluding any accrued
                  interest for the period prior to the Redemption Date); and

                           (B) the principal amount that, but for such
                  redemption, would have been payable at the final maturity of
                  any such Debenture (or portion thereof) being redeemed; over

                  (ii) the principal amount of such Debenture (or portion
         thereof) being redeemed.

The present values of interest and principal payments referred to in clause (i)
above will be determined in accordance with generally accepted principles of
financial analysis. Such present values will be calculated by discounting the
amount of each payment of interest or principal from the date that each such
payment would have been payable, but for the redemption, to the applicable
Redemption Date at a discount rate equal to the applicable Treasury Yield (as
defined herein) plus __ basis points.

                  "Treasury Yield" means a rate of interest per annum equal to
the weekly average yield to maturity of United States Treasury securities that
have a constant maturity that corresponds to the remaining term to maturity of
the Debentures, calculated to the nearest 1/12th of a year (the "Remaining
Term"). The Treasury Yield will be determined as of the third business day
immediately preceding the applicable Redemption Date.

                  The weekly average yields to maturity of United States
Treasury securities will be determined by reference to the most recent
statistical release published by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York and
designated "H.15(519) Selected Interest Rates" or any successor release (the
"H.15 Statistical Release"). If the H.15 Statistical Release sets forth a weekly
average yield to maturity for United States Treasury securities having a
constant maturity that is the same as the Remaining Term, then the Treasury
Yield will be equal to such weekly average yield to maturity. In all other
cases, the Treasury Yield will be calculated by interpolation, on a
straight-line basis, between the weekly average yields to maturity on the United
States Treasury securities that have a constant maturity closest to and greater
than the Remaining Term and the United States Treasury securities that have a
constant maturity closest to and less than the Remaining Term (in each case as
set forth in the H.15 Statistical Release). Any weekly average yields to
maturity as calculated by interpolation will be rounded to the nearest 1/100th
of 1%, with any figure of 1/200th of 1% or above being rounded upward. If weekly
average yields to maturity for United States


   6


                                                                            3



Treasury securities are not available in the H.15 Statistical Release or
otherwise, then the Treasury Yield will be calculated by interpolation of
comparable rates selected by the Independent Investment Banker.

                  If less than all of the Debentures of a series are to be
redeemed, the Trustee will select the Debentures to be redeemed by such method
as the Trustee shall deem fair and appropriate. The Trustee may select for
redemption Debentures and portions of Debentures in amounts of whole multiples
of $1,000.

                  The Indenture contains provisions for defeasance of (a) the
entire indebtedness of this Debenture and (b) certain restrictive covenants upon
compliance by the Company with certain conditions set forth therein.

                  In case an Event of Default, as defined in the Indenture,
shall have occurred and be continuing, the principal of all of the Debentures
may be declared, and upon such declaration shall become, due and payable, in the
manner, with the effect and subject to the conditions provided in the Indenture.

                  The Indenture contains provisions permitting the Company and
the Trustee, with the consent of the Holders of not less than a majority in
aggregate principal amount of the Debentures of each series affected at the time
outstanding, as defined in the Indenture, to execute supplemental indentures for
the purpose of, among other things, adding any provisions to or changing or
eliminating any of the provisions of the Indenture or of any supplemental
indenture or of modifying the rights of the Holders of the Debentures; provided,
however, that, among other things, no such supplemental indenture shall (i)
reduce the principal amount thereof, or reduce the rate or extend the time of
payment of interest thereon (subject to the Company's right to defer such
payments in the manner set forth herein), or reduce any premium payable upon the
redemption thereof, without the consent of the Holder of each Debenture so
affected, or (ii) reduce the aforesaid percentage of Debentures, the Holders of
which are required to consent to any such supplemental indenture, without the
consent of the Holders of each Debenture then outstanding and affected thereby.
The Indenture also contains provisions permitting the Holders of a majority in
aggregate principal amount of the Securities of any series at the time
outstanding affected thereby, on behalf of all of the Holders of the Debentures
of such series, to waive a Default or Event of Default with respect to such
series, and its consequences, except a Default or Event of Default in the
payment of the principal of or premium, if any, or interest on any of the
Securities of such series. Any such consent or waiver by the registered Holder
of this Debenture (unless revoked as provided in the Indenture) shall be
conclusive and binding upon such Holder and upon all future Holders and owners
of this Debenture and of any Debenture issued in exchange for or in place hereof
(whether by registration of transfer or otherwise), irrespective of whether or
not any notation of such consent or waiver is made upon this Debenture.

                  No reference herein to the Indenture and no provision of this
Debenture or of the Indenture shall alter or impair the obligation of the
Company, which is absolute and unconditional, to pay the principal of and
premium, if any, and interest on this Debenture at the time and place and at the
rate and in the money herein prescribed.


   7


                                                                            4




                  As provided in the Indenture and subject to certain
limitations therein set forth, this Debenture is transferable by the registered
Holder hereof on the Security Register of the Company, upon surrender of this
Debenture for registration of transfer at the office or agency of the Trustee in
The City of New York accompanied by a written instrument or instruments of
transfer in form satisfactory to the Company or the Trustee duly executed by the
registered Holder hereof or his attorney duly authorized in writing, and
thereupon one or more new Debentures of authorized denominations and for the
same aggregate principal amount and series will be issued to the designated
transferee or transferees. No service charge will be made for any such transfer,
but the Company may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or
other governmental charge payable in relation thereto.

                  Prior to due presentment for registration of transfer of this
Debenture, the Company, the Trustee, any Paying Agent and the Security Registrar
may deem and treat the registered holder hereof as the absolute owner hereof
(whether or not this Debenture shall be overdue and notwithstanding any notice
of ownership or writing hereon made by anyone other than the Security Registrar)
for the purpose of receiving payment of or on account of the principal hereof
and premium, if any, and interest due hereon and for all other purposes, and
neither the Company nor the Trustee nor any Paying Agent nor any Security
Registrar shall be affected by any notice to the contrary.

                  No recourse shall be had for the payment of the principal of
or the interest on this Debenture, or for any claim based hereon, or otherwise
in respect hereof, or based on or in respect of the Indenture, against any
incorporator, shareholder, officer or director, past, present or future, as
such, of the Company or of any predecessor or successor corporation, whether by
virtue of any constitution, statute or rule of law, or by the enforcement of any
assessment or penalty or otherwise, and such liability being, by the acceptance
hereof and as part of the consideration for the issuance hereof, expressly
waived and released.

                  The Indenture imposes certain limitations on the ability of
the Company to, among other things, merge or consolidate with any other Person,
assign, transfer or lease all or substantially all of its properties or assets
or create or incur liens on certain of its property. All such covenants and
limitations are subject to a number of important qualifications and exceptions.
The Company must report periodically to the Trustee on compliance with the
covenants in the Indenture.

                  The Debentures of this series are issuable only in fully
registered book-entry form without coupons in denominations of $1,000 and any
integral multiple thereof. This Global Debenture is exchangeable for Debentures
in definitive form only under certain limited circumstances set forth in the
Indenture. As provided in the Indenture and subject to certain limitations
therein set forth, Debentures of this series so issued are exchangeable for a
like aggregate principal amount of Debentures of this series of a different
authorized denomination, as requested by the Holder surrendering the same.

                  This Debenture shall be governed by and construed in
accordance with the laws of the State of New York.


   8


                                                                            5



                  All terms used in this Debenture that are defined in the
Indenture shall have the meanings assigned to them in the Indenture.



   9


                                                                            6


                            ------------------------
                                   ASSIGNMENT


                  FOR VALUE RECEIVED, the undersigned assigns and transfers this
Debenture to:



        (Insert assignee's social security or tax identification number)




                    (Insert address and zip code of assignee)

and irrevocably appoints



agent to transfer this Debenture on the books of the Trustee. The agent may
substitute another to act for him or her.

Date:___________________________________

                                  Signature:_________________________________

                                  Signature Guarantee:________________________





     (Sign exactly as your name appears on the other side of this Debenture)


   1

                                                                    EXHIBIT 5.1


Buchanan Ingersoll                              One Oxford Center
Professional Corporation                        301 Grant Street, 20th Floor
Attorneys                                       Pittsburgh, PA 15219-1410




                                January 20, 1998

Kennametal Inc.
Route 981 South at Westmoreland County Airport
Latrobe, Pennsylvania 15650

Re:      Kennametal Inc.
         Kennametal Financing I

Ladies and Gentlemen:

         We have acted as counsel to Kennametal Inc., a Pennsylvania corporation
(the "Company"), and Kennametal Financing I, a statutory business trust created
under the laws of the State of Delaware (the "Trust"), in connection with the
preparation of a Registration Statement on Form S-3, File No. 333-40809 (as
amended and supplemented, the "Registration Statement"), including the form of
prospectus included therein (as supplemented, the "Prospectus"), filed by the
Company and the Trust with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the
"Commission") on November 21, 1997, under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended
(the "Act"), relating to the public offering of : (i) shares of the Company's
capital stock, par value $1.25 per share ("Common Stock"); (ii) stock purchase
contracts ("Stock Purchase Contracts") to purchase Common Stock; (iii) stock
purchase units ("Stock Purchase Units"), each representing ownership of a Stock
Purchase Contract and Preferred Securities (defined below) or debt obligations
of third parties, including U.S. Treasury securities, securing the holder's
obligation to purchase Common Stock under the Stock Purchase Contracts; (iv) the
Company's debentures (the "Debentures") to be purchased with the proceeds from
the sale of preferred securities representing preferred undivided beneficial
interests in the Trust ("Preferred Securities"), debentures, notes and other
debt securities in one or more series, which may be either senior debt
securities or subordinated debt securities (together with the Debentures, the
"Debt Securities"); and (v) the Preferred Securities, which the Trust may issue,
from time to time, in each case in amounts, at prices and on terms to be
determined at the time or times of offering. The Stock Purchase Contracts, Stock
Purchase Units, Debt Securities, Common Stock and Preferred Securities are
collectively called the "Securities." Certain payment obligations with respect
to the Preferred Securities will be guaranteed by a guarantee of the Company
(the "Guarantee") to the extent set forth in the related guarantee agreement to
be entered into by the Company (the "Guarantee Agreement"). The aggregate
initial offering price of all of the Securities which may be sold pursuant to
the Prospectus will not exceed $1.4 billion.

         In connection with this opinion, we have examined originals or copies,
certified or otherwise identified to our satisfaction, of such documents,
certificates or records as we have deemed necessary or appropriate as bases for
the opinions set forth herein. In our examination, we have assumed the legal
capacity of all natural persons, the genuineness of all signatures, the
authenticity of all documents submitted to us as originals, the conformity to
original documents 

   2

of all documents submitted to us as certified or photostatic copies and the
authenticity of the originals of such copies.

         Based on the foregoing, and subject to the other qualifications and
limitations set forth herein, we are of the following opinion:

                  1. When (a) the issuance, execution and delivery by the
Company of any of the Debt Securities shall have been duly authorized by all
necessary corporate actions of the Company and (b) such Debt Securities shall
have been duly executed and delivered by the Company, authenticated by the
Trustee (the "Trustee") under the indenture (the "Indenture") pursuant to which
the Debt Securities shall be issued and sold as contemplated by each of the
Registration Statement, the Prospectus, and any prospectus supplement relating
to such Debt Securities and the Indenture, assuming that the terms of such Debt
Securities are in compliance with then applicable law, such Debt Securities will
be validly issued and will constitute valid and binding obligations of the
Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with their terms, except
as may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization,
moratorium or other similar laws affecting the rights of creditors generally and
by general principles of equity (whether considered in a proceeding at law or
equity).

                  2. When (a) the terms of the issuance and sale of the Common
Stock shall have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate actions of the
Company and (b) the shares of Common Stock shall have been duly issued and
delivered as contemplated by each of the Registration Statement, the Prospectus,
and any prospectus supplement relating thereto and paid for with the
consideration fixed therefor by the Board of Directors or a duly authorized
committee therefor, assuming that the Company has reserved for issuance the
requisite number of shares of Common Stock, the Common Stock will be duly
authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable.

                  3. When (a) the terms of the issuance and sale of the Stock
Purchase Contracts or Stock Purchase Units shall have been duly authorized by
all necessary corporate actions of the Company and (b) such Stock Purchase
Contracts or Stock Purchase shall have been duly issued and delivered as
contemplated by each of the Registration Statement, the Prospectus, and any
prospectus supplement relating thereto and paid for with the consideration fixed
therefor by the Board of Directors or a duly authorized committee therefor,
assuming that the terms of such Stock Purchase Contracts or Stock Purchase Units
are in compliance with then applicable law, such Stock Purchase Contracts or
Stock Purchase Units will be duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and
nonassessable.

                  4. When (a) the issuance of any Guarantee, and the execution
and delivery of the related Guarantee Agreement, by the Company shall have been
authorized by all necessary corporate actions of the Company and (b) such
Guarantee Agreement shall have been duly executed and delivered by the Company,
assuming that the terms of such Guarantee Agreement are in compliance with then
applicable law, such Guarantee Agreement will constitute a valid and binding
obligation of the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with its
terms, except as may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency,
reorganization, moratorium or other similar laws affecting the rights of
creditors generally and by general principles of equity (whether considered in a
proceeding at law or equity).

   3

         We hereby consent to the filing of this opinion as an exhibit to the
Registration Statement and the reference to this firm under the caption "Legal
Matters" in the Prospectus contained therein.

                                               BUCHANAN INGERSOLL
                                               PROFESSIONAL CORPORATION



                                               By: /s/  LEWIS U. DAVIS, JR.     
                                                   ----------------------------
                                                        Lewis U. Davis, Jr.
   1

                                                                     Exhibit 5.2


                    Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP
                               One Rodney Square
                                  P.O. Box 636
                           Wilmington, DE 19899-0636



                                                               January 20, 1998


Kennametal Inc.
Kennametal Financing I
c/o Kennametal Inc.
State Route 981 South
P.O. Box 231
Latrobe, Pennsylvania 15650-0231


     Re:  Kennametal Inc.;
          Kennametal Financing I;
          Registration Statement on Form S-3
          ----------------------------------


Ladies and Gentlemen:

     We have acted as special Delaware counsel to (1) Kennametal Inc. (the
"Company"), a corporation organized under the laws of the Commonwealth of
Pennsylvania and (2) Kennametal Financing I (the "Trust"), a statutory business
trust formed under the Business Trust Act of the State of Delaware, in
connection with the preparation of a Registration Statement on Form S-3 (File
No. 333-40809), filed by the Company and the Trust with the Securities and
Exchange Commission (the "Commission") on November 21, 1997 under the
Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Act"), Amendment No. 1 thereto filed
with the Commission on January 2, 1998 and Amendment No. 2 thereto being filed
with the Commission on the date hereof (such Registration Statement, as so
amended, being hereinafter referred to as the "Registration Statement") in
connection with the public offering of 4,500,000 FELINE PRIDES(sm) (the
"Securities"), each initially comprised of (a) a purchase contract under which
(i) the holders of the Securities (the "Holders") agree to purchase from the
Company on February 16, 2001, a number of shares of the Company's common stock
and (b) beneficial
         


   2

Kennametal Inc.
January 20, 1998
Page 2

ownership of one Trust Originated Preferred Security(SM) (the "Preferred
Security") of the Trust, having a stated liquidation amount of $50 and
representing a preferred undivided beneficial interest in the assets of the
Trust.

     The Preferred Securities of the Trust are to be issued pursuant to the
Amended and Restated Agreement of Trust of the Trust (the "Declaration"), such
Declaration being among the Company, as sponsor, The First National Bank of
Chicago, as the institutional trustee (in such capacity, the "Institutional
Trustee"), First Chicago Delaware Inc., as Delaware trustee, and Robert L.
McGeehan, David T. Cofer and James E. Morrison, as regular trustees.

     This opinion is being delivered in accordance with the requirements of
Item 601(b)(5) of Regulation S-K under the Act.

     In connection with this opinion, we have examined originals or copies,
certified or otherwise identified to our satisfaction, of (i) the certificate
of trust of the Trust, dated November 12, 1997 (as amended by the Amended and
Restated Certificate of Trust, dated January 14, 1998, the "Certificate of
Trust") as filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware; (ii) the
form of the Declaration (including the form of the designation of the terms of
the Preferred Securities annexed thereto); and (iii) the form of the Preferred
Securities. We have also examined originals or copies, certified or otherwise
identified to our satisfaction, of such other documents, certificates and
records as we have deemed necessary or appropriate as a basis for the opinions
set forth herein.

     In our examination, we have assumed the legal capacity of all natural
persons, the genuineness of all
   3

Kennametal Inc.
January 20, 1998
Page 3


signatures, the authenticity of all documents submitted to us as originals, the
conformity to original documents of all documents submitted to us as certified
or photostatic copies and the authenticity of the originals of such copies. In
making our examination of documents executed by parties other than the Trust, we
have assumed that such parties had the power, corporate or other, to enter into
and perform all obligations thereunder and have also assumed the due
authorization by all requisite action, corporate or other, and execution and
delivery by such parties of such documents and that such documents constitute
valid and binding obligations of such parties. In addition, we have assumed that
the Declaration and the Preferred Securities, when executed, will be in
substantially the form reviewed by us. As to any facts material to the opinions
expressed herein which were not independently established or verified, we have
relied upon oral or written statements and representations of officers, trustees
and other representatives of the Company, the Trust and others.

     Members of our firm are admitted to the bar in the State of Delaware, and
we express no opinion as to the laws of any other jurisdiction.

     Based upon and subject to the foregoing and to the other qualifications and
limitations set forth herein, we are of the opinion that the Preferred
Securities, when the Declaration has been duly executed and delivered and the
terms of the Preferred Securities have been established in accordance with the
terms of the Declaration, the Preferred Securities will be duly authorized for
issuance and, when issued, executed and authenticated in accordance with the
terms of the Declaration and delivered and paid for as contemplated by the form
of prospectus supplement included in the Registration Statement, will be validly
issued, fully paid and  
   4
Kennametal Inc.
January 20, 1998
Page 4


nonassessable, representing undivided beneficial interests in the assets of the
Trust. We bring to your attention, however, that the  Preferred Securities
holders may be obligated, pursuant to the Declaration, to (i) provide indemnity
and/or security in connection with and pay taxes or governmental charges arising
from transfers of Preferred Securities and (ii) provide security and indemnity
in connection with the requests of or directions to the Institutional Trustee
to exercise its rights and powers under the Declaration.

     We hereby consent to the filing of this opinion with the Commission as an
exhibit to the Registration Statement. We also consent to the use of our name
under the heading "Legal Matters" in the prospectus supplement included in the
Registration Statement. In giving this consent, we do not thereby admit that we
are within the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of
the Act or the rules and regulations of the Commission promulgated thereunder.
This opinion is expressed as of the date hereof unless otherwise expressly
stated and we disclaim any undertaking to advise you of any subsequent changes
in the facts stated or assumed herein or of any subsequent changes in applicable
law.

                                 Very truly yours,

                                 /S/ SKADDEN, ARPS, SLATE, MEAGHER & FLOM LLP
                                 ---------------------------------------------
                                     Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP
   1

                                                                   Exhibit 25.1

                       SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
                             Washington, D.C. 20549

                                    FORM T-1

                            STATEMENT OF ELIGIBILITY
                      UNDER THE TRUST INDENTURE ACT OF 1939
                  OF A CORPORATION DESIGNATED TO ACT AS TRUSTEE

                CHECK IF AN APPLICATION TO DETERMINE ELIGIBILITY
                 OF A TRUSTEE PURSUANT TO SECTION 305(b)(2) ___

                       THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF CHICAGO
               (Exact name of trustee as specified in its charter)

    A National Banking Association                       36-0899825
                                                      (I.R.S. employer
                                                   identification number)

One First National Plaza, Chicago, Illinois              60670-0126
 (Address of principal executive offices)                (Zip Code)

                       The First National Bank of Chicago
                      One First National Plaza, Suite 0286
                          Chicago, Illinois 60670-0286
             Attn: Lynn A. Goldstein, Law Department (312) 732-6919
            (Name, address and telephone number of agent for service)

                             ----------------------
                             Kennametal Financing I
         (Exact name of obligors as specified in their trust agreements)

         Pennsylvania                                          52-2064104
(State or other jurisdiction of                             (I.R.S. employer
 incorporation or organization)                          identification number)

          c/o Kennametal Inc.
Route 981 South at Westmoreland County Airport
         Latrobe, Pennsylvania                                   15650
  (Address of principal executive offices)                     (Zip Code)

                 Preferred Securities of Kennametal Financing I
                         (Title of Indenture Securities)



   2

Item 1.           General Information.  Furnish the following
                  information as to the trustee:

                  (a) Name and address of each examining or supervising
                  authority to which it is subject.

                  Comptroller of Currency, Washington, D.C., Federal Deposit
                  Insurance Corporation, Washington, D.C., The Board of
                  Governors of the Federal Reserve System, Washington D.C.

                  (b) Whether it is authorized to exercise corporate trust
                  powers.

                  The trustee is authorized to exercise corporate trust powers.

Item 2.           Affiliations With the Obligor.  If the obligor
                  is an affiliate of the trustee, describe each
                  such affiliation.

                  No such affiliation exists with the trustee.

Item 16.          List of exhibits.  List below all exhibits filed as a
                  part of this Statement of Eligibility.

                  1.  A copy of the articles of association of the
                      trustee now in effect.*

                  2.  A copy of the certificates of authority of the trustee to
                      commence business.*

                  3.  A copy of the authorization of the trustee to exercise
                      corporate trust powers.*

                  4.  A copy of the existing by-laws of the trustee.*

                  5.  Not Applicable.

                  6.  The consent of the trustee required by Section 321(b) of
                      the Act.


                                        2

   3

                  7.  A copy of the latest report of condition of the trustee
                      published pursuant to law or the requirements of its
                      supervising or examining authority.

                  8.  Not Applicable.

                  9.  Not Applicable.

         Pursuant to the requirements of the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as
         amended, the trustee, The First National Bank of Chicago, a national
         banking association organized and existing under the laws of the United
         States of America, has duly caused this Statement of Eligibility to be
         signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, all
         in the City of Chicago and State of Illinois, on the 12th day of
         January, 1998.

                      The First National Bank of Chicago,
                      Trustee

                      By   /s/ STEVEN M. WAGNER
                         -------------------------------------------
                           Steven M. Wagner
                           Vice President

* Exhibit 1, 2, 3 and 4 are herein incorporated by reference to Exhibits bearing
identical numbers in Item 12 of the Form T-1 of The First National Bank of
Chicago, filed as Exhibit 26 to the Registration Statement on Form S-3 of ITT
Corporation, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 15,
1996 (Registration No. 333-07221).


                                        3

   4

                                    EXHIBIT 6

                       THE CONSENT OF THE TRUSTEE REQUIRED
                          BY SECTION 321(b) OF THE ACT

                                                        January 12, 1998

Securities and Exchange Commission
Washington, D.C. 20549

Gentlemen:

In connection with the qualification of the Amended and Restated Agreement of
Trust of Kennametal Financing I Dated as of January ___, 1998, the undersigned,
in accordance with Section 321(b) of the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as
amended, hereby consents that the reports of examinations of the undersigned,
made by Federal or State authorities authorized to make such examinations, may
be furnished by such authorities to the Securities and Exchange Commission upon
its request therefor.

                                             Very truly yours,

                                             The First National Bank of Chicago

                                             By: /s/ STEVEN M. WAGNER
                                                --------------------------
                                                 Steven M. Wagner
                                                 Vice President


                                        4

   5

                                    EXHIBIT 7
                                                                          
Legal Title of Bank:                The First National Bank of Chicago          Call Date: 09/30/97 ST-BK: 17-1630 FFIEC 031
Address:                            One First National Plaza, Ste 0303                              Page RC-1
City, State Zip                     Chicago, IL  60670
FDIC Certificate No.:               0/3/6/1/8
Consolidated Report of Condition for Insured Commercial and State-Chartered Savings Banks for September 30, 1997 All schedules are to be reported in thousands of dollars. Unless otherwise indicated, report the amount outstanding as of the last business day of the quarter. Schedule RC--Balance Sheet
Dollar Amounts in C400 Thousands RCFD BIL MIL THOU ----------------- ---- ------------ ASSETS 1. Cash and balances due from depository institutions (from Schedule RC-A): a. Noninterest-bearing balances and currency and coin(1).............. 0081 4,499,157 1.a. b. Interest-bearing balances(2)....................................... 0071 6,967,103 1.b. 2. Securities a. Held-to-maturity securities(from Schedule RC-B, column A).......... 1754 0 2.a. b. Available-for-sale securities (from Schedule RC-B, column D)....... 1773 5,251,713 2.b. 3. Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell 1350 5,561,976 3. 4. Loans and lease financing receivables: a. Loans and leases, net of unearned income (from Schedule RC-C).................................................................. RCFD 2122 24,171,565 4.a. b. LESS: Allowance for loan and lease losses........................... RCFD 3123 419,216 4.b. c. LESS: Allocated transfer risk reserve............................... RCFD 3128 0 4.c. d. Loans and leases, net of unearned income, allowance, and reserve (item 4.a minus 4.b and 4.c)................................... 2125 23,752,349 4.d. 5. Trading assets (from Schedule RD-D).................................... 3545 6,238,805 5. 6. Premises and fixed assets (including capitalized leases)............... 2145 717,303 6. 7. Other real estate owned (from Schedule RC-M)........................... 2150 7,187 7. 8. Investments in unconsolidated subsidiaries and associated companies (from Schedule RC-M)......................................... 2130 77,115 8. 9. Customers' liability to this bank on acceptances outstanding........... 2155 614,921 9. 10. Intangible assets (from Schedule RC-M)................................. 2143 277,105 10. 11. Other assets (from Schedule RC-F)...................................... 2160 2,147,141 11. 12. Total assets (sum of items 1 through 11)............................... 2170 56,108,875 12.
- ------------- (1) Includes cash items in process of collection and unposted debits. (2) Includes time certificates of deposit not held for trading. 5 6 Legal Title of Bank: The First National Bank of Chicago Call Date: 09/30/97 ST-BK: 17-1630 FFIEC 031 Address: One First National Plaza, Ste 0303 Page RC-2 City, State Zip: Chicago, IL 60670 FDIC Certificate No.: 0/3/6/1/8
Schedule RC-Continued
Dollar Amounts in Thousands Bil Mil Thou ----------------- ------------ LIABILITIES 13. Deposits: a. In domestic offices (sum of totals of columns A and C from Schedule RC-E, part 1)...................................... RCON 2200 21,496,468 13.a (1) Noninterest-bearing(1)....................................... RCON 6631 8,918,843 13.a.1 (2) Interest-bearing............................................. RCON 6636 12,577,625 13.a.2 b. In foreign offices, Edge and Agreement subsidiaries, and IBFs (from Schedule RC-E, part II)............................... RCFN 2200 14,164,129 13.b. (1) Noninterest bearing.......................................... RCFN 6631 352,399 13.b.1 (2) Interest-bearing............................................. RCFN 6636 13,811,730 13.b.2 14. Federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreements to repurchase: RCFD 2800 3,894,469 14 15. a. Demand notes issued to the U.S. Treasury RCON 2840 68,268 15.a b. Trading Liabilities(from Schedule RC-D).......................... RCFD 3548 5,247,232 15.b 16. Other borrowed money: a. With a remaining maturity of one year or less................... RCFD 2332 2,608,057 16.a b. With a remaining maturity of than one year through three years.. A547 379,893 16.b . c. With a remaining maturity of more than three years .............. A548 323,042 16.c 17. Not applicable 18. Bank's liability on acceptance executed and outstanding............. RCFD 2920 614,921 18 19. Subordinated notes and debentures (2)............................... RCFD 3200 1,700,000 19 20. Other liabilities (from Schedule RC-G).............................. RCFD 2930 1,222,121 20 21. Total liabilities (sum of items 13 through 20)...................... RCFD 2948 51,718,600 21 22. Not applicable EQUITY CAPITAL 23. Perpetual preferred stock and related surplus....................... RCFD 3838 0 23 24. Common stock........................................................ RCFD 3230 200,858 24 25. Surplus (exclude all surplus related to preferred stock)............ RCFD 3839 2,989,408 25 26. a. Undivided profits and capital reserves........................... RCFD 3632 1,175,518 26.a. b. Net unrealized holding gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities....................................................... RCFD 8434 26,750 26.b. 27. Cumulative foreign currency translation adjustments................. RCFD 3284 (2,259) 27 28. Total equity capital (sum of items 23 through 27)................... RCFD 3210 4,390,275 28 29. Total liabilities and equity capital (sum of items 21 and 28)....... RCFD 3300 56,108,875 29
Memorandum To be reported only with the March Report of Condition. 1. Indicate in the box at the right the number of the statement below that best describes the most Number comprehensive level of auditing work performed for the bank by independent external ------- auditors as of any date during 1996 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .RCFD 6724.... N/A. M.1 -------
1 = Independent audit of the bank conducted in accordance 4.= Directors' examination of the bank performed by other with generally accepted auditing standards by a certified external auditors (may be required by state chartering public accounting firm which submits a report on the bank authority) 2 = Independent audit of the bank's parent holding company 5 = Review of the bank's financial statements by external conducted in accordance with generally accepted auditing auditors standards by a certified public accounting firm which 6 = Compilation of the bank's financial statements by external submits a report on the consolidated holding company auditors (but not on the bank separately) 7 = Other audit procedures (excluding tax preparation work) 3 = Directors' examination of the bank conducted in 8 = No external audit work accordance with generally accepted auditing standards by a certified public accounting firm (may be required by state chartering authority)
- -------------- (1) Includes total demand deposits and noninterest-bearing time and savings deposits. (2) Includes limited-life preferred stock and related surplus. 6
   1

                                                                   Exhibit 25.2

                       SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
                             Washington, D.C. 20549

                                    FORM T-1

                            STATEMENT OF ELIGIBILITY
                      UNDER THE TRUST INDENTURE ACT OF 1939
                  OF A CORPORATION DESIGNATED TO ACT AS TRUSTEE

                CHECK IF AN APPLICATION TO DETERMINE ELIGIBILITY
                   OF A TRUSTEE PURSUANT TO SECTION 305(b)(2)

                       THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF CHICAGO
               (Exact name of trustee as specified in its charter)

    A National Banking Association                         36-0899825
                                                        (I.R.S. employer
                                                      identification number)

One First National Plaza, Chicago, Illinois                  60670-0126
  (Address of principal executive offices)                   (Zip Code)

                       The First National Bank of Chicago
                      One First National Plaza, Suite 0286
                          Chicago, Illinois 60670-0286
             Attn: Lynn A. Goldstein, Law Department (312) 732-6919
            (Name, address and telephone number of agent for service)

                                ----------------
                                 Kennametal Inc.
         (Exact name of obligors as specified in their trust agreements)

         Pennsylvania                                          25-0900168
(State or other jurisdiction of                             (I.R.S. employer
 incorporation or organization)                          identification number)

Route 981 South at Westmoreland County Airport
        Latrobe, Pennsylvania                                    15650
(Address of principal executive offices)                       (Zip Code)

                                 Debt Securities
           Guarantee of Preferred Securities of Kennametal Financing I
                         (Title of Indenture Securities)



   2



Item 1.           General Information.  Furnish the following
                  information as to the trustee:

                  (a) Name and address of each examining or supervising
                  authority to which it is subject.

                  Comptroller of Currency, Washington, D.C., Federal Deposit
                  Insurance Corporation, Washington, D.C., The Board of
                  Governors of the Federal Reserve System, Washington D.C.

                  (b) Whether it is authorized to exercise corporate trust
                  powers.

                  The trustee is authorized to exercise corporate trust powers.

Item 2.           Affiliations With the Obligor.  If the obligor
                  is an affiliate of the trustee, describe each
                  such affiliation.

                  No such affiliation exists with the trustee.

Item 16.          List of exhibits.  List below all exhibits filed as a
                  part of this Statement of Eligibility.

                  1.  A copy of the articles of association of the
                      trustee now in effect.*

                  2.  A copy of the certificates of authority of the trustee to
                      commence business.*

                  3.  A copy of the authorization of the trustee to exercise
                      corporate trust powers.*

                  4.  A copy of the existing by-laws of the trustee.*

                  5.  Not Applicable.

                  6.  The consent of the trustee required by Section 321(b) of
                      the Act.


                                        2


   3





                  7.  A copy of the latest report of condition of the trustee
                      published pursuant to law or the requirements of its
                      supervising or examining authority.

                  8.  Not Applicable.

                  9.  Not Applicable.

         Pursuant to the requirements of the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as
         amended, the trustee, The First National Bank of Chicago, a national
         banking association organized and existing under the laws of the United
         States of America, has duly caused this Statement of Eligibility to be
         signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, all
         in the City of Chicago and State of Illinois, on the 12th day of
         January, 1998.

                      The First National Bank of Chicago,
                      Trustee

                      By  /s/ STEVEN M. WAGNER
                          -------------------------------
                           Steven M. Wagner
                           Vice President

* Exhibit 1, 2, 3 and 4 are herein incorporated by reference to Exhibits bearing
identical numbers in Item 12 of the Form T-1 of The First National Bank of
Chicago, filed as Exhibit 26 to the Registration Statement on Form S-3 of ITT
Corporation, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 15,
1996 (Registration No. 333-07221).


                                        3


   4


                                    EXHIBIT 6

                       THE CONSENT OF THE TRUSTEE REQUIRED
                          BY SECTION 321(b) OF THE ACT

                                                        January 12, 1998

Securities and Exchange Commission
Washington, D.C. 20549

Gentlemen:

In connection with the qualification of (i) the Indenture of Kennametal Inc. to
The First National Bank of Chicago, as Trustee, relating to the Debt Securities
of Kennametal Inc., and (ii) the Preferred Securities Guarantee Agreement of the
Preferred Securities of Kennametal Financing I, the undersigned, in accordance
with Section 321(b) of the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended, hereby
consents that the reports of examinations of the undersigned, made by Federal or
State authorities authorized to make such examinations, may be furnished by such
authorities to the Securities and Exchange Commission upon its request therefor.

                           Very truly yours,

                           The First National Bank of Chicago

                           By:  /s/ STEVEN M. WAGNER
                               ----------------------------------
                                    Steven M. Wagner
                                    Vice President


                                        4


   5

                                    EXHIBIT 7

                                                                          
Legal Title of Bank:                The First National Bank of Chicago          Call Date: 09/30/97 ST-BK: 17-1630 FFIEC 031
Address:                            One First National Plaza, Ste 0303                                     Page RC-1
City, State Zip:                    Chicago, IL  60670
FDIC Certificate No.:               0/3/6/1/8
Consolidated Report of Condition for Insured Commercial and State-Chartered Savings Banks for September 30, 1997 All schedules are to be reported in thousands of dollars. Unless otherwise indicated, report the amount outstanding as of the last business day of the quarter. Schedule RC--Balance Sheet
C400 Dollar Amounts in ---- Thousands RCFD BIL MIL THOU ----------------- ---- ------------ ASSETS 1. Cash and balances due from depository institutions (from Schedule RC-A): a. Noninterest-bearing balances and currency and coin(1).................... 0081 4,499,157 1.a. b. Interest-bearing balances(2)............................................. 0071 6,967,103 1.b. 2. Securities a. Held-to-maturity securities(from Schedule RC-B, column A)................ 1754 0 2.a. b. Available-for-sale securities (from Schedule RC-B, column D)............. 1773 5,251,713 2.b. 3. Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell 1350 5,561,976 3. 4. Loans and lease financing receivables: a. Loans and leases, net of unearned income (from Schedule RC-C)....................................................................... RCFD 2122 24,171,565 4.a. b. LESS: Allowance for loan and lease losses................................ RCFD 3123 419,216 4.b. c. LESS: Allocated transfer risk reserve.................................... RCFD 3128 0 4.c. d. Loans and leases, net of unearned income, allowance, and reserve (item 4.a minus 4.b and 4.c)..................................... 2125 23,752,349 4.d. 5. Trading assets (from Schedule RD-D)......................................... 3545 6,238,805 5. 6. Premises and fixed assets (including capitalized leases).................... 2145 717,303 6. 7. Other real estate owned (from Schedule RC-M)................................ 2150 7,187 7. 8. Investments in unconsolidated subsidiaries and associated companies (from Schedule RC-M).............................................. 2130 77,115 8. 9. Customers' liability to this bank on acceptances outstanding................ 2155 614,921 9. 10. Intangible assets (from Schedule RC-M)...................................... 2143 277,105 10. 11. Other assets (from Schedule RC-F)........................................... 2160 2,147,141 11. 12. Total assets (sum of items 1 through 11).................................... 2170 56,108,875 12.
(1) Includes cash items in process of collection and unposted debits. (2) Includes time certificates of deposit not held for trading. 5 6 Legal Title of Bank: The First National Bank of Chicago Call Date: 09/30/97 ST-BK: 17-1630 FFIEC 031 Address: One First National Plaza, Ste 0303 Page RC-2 City, State Zip: Chicago, IL 60670 FDIC Certificate No.: 0/3/6/1/8
Schedule RC-Continued
Dollar Amounts in Thousands Bil Mil Thou ----------------- ------------ LIABILITIES 13. Deposits: a. In domestic offices (sum of totals of columns A and C from Schedule RC-E, part 1)......................................... RCON 2200 21,496,468 13.a (1) Noninterest-bearing(1).......................................... RCON 6631 8,918,843 13.a.1 (2) Interest-bearing................................................ RCON 6636 12,577,625 13.a.2 b. In foreign offices, Edge and Agreement subsidiaries, and IBFs (from Schedule RC-E, part II).................................. RCFN 2200 14,164,129 13.b. (1) Noninterest bearing............................................. RCFN 6631 352,399 13.b.1 (2) Interest-bearing................................................ RCFN 6636 13,811,730 13.b.2 14. Federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreements to repurchase: RCFD 2800 3,894,469 14 15. a. Demand notes issued to the U.S. Treasury RCON 2840 68,268 15.a b. Trading Liabilities(from Schedule RC-D)............................. RCFD 3548 5,247,232 15.b 16. Other borrowed money: a. With a remaining maturity of one year or less...................... RCFD 2332 2,608,057 16.a b. With a remaining maturity of than one year through three years..... A547 379,893 16.b . c. With a remaining maturity of more than three years ................. A548 323,042 16.c 17. Not applicable 18. Bank's liability on acceptance executed and outstanding................ RCFD 2920 614,921 18 19. Subordinated notes and debentures (2).................................. RCFD 3200 1,700,000 19 20. Other liabilities (from Schedule RC-G)................................. RCFD 2930 1,222,121 20 21. Total liabilities (sum of items 13 through 20)......................... RCFD 2948 51,718,600 21 22. Not applicable EQUITY CAPITAL 23. Perpetual preferred stock and related surplus.......................... RCFD 3838 0 23 24. Common stock........................................................... RCFD 3230 200,858 24 25. Surplus (exclude all surplus related to preferred stock)............... RCFD 3839 2,989,408 25 26. a. Undivided profits and capital reserves.............................. RCFD 3632 1,175,518 26.a. b. Net unrealized holding gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities.......................................................... RCFD 8434 26,750 26.b. 27. Cumulative foreign currency translation adjustments.................... RCFD 3284 (2,259) 27 28. Total equity capital (sum of items 23 through 27)...................... RCFD 3210 4,390,275 28 29. Total liabilities and equity capital (sum of items 21 and 28).......... RCFD 3300 56,108,875 29
Memorandum To be reported only with the March Report of Condition. 1. Indicate in the box at the right the number of the statement below that best describes the most Numner comprehensive level of auditing work performed for the bank by independent external ------ auditors as of any date during 1996 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .RCFD 6724.... N/A. M.1 ------
1 = Independent audit of the bank conducted in accordance 4.= Directors' examination of the bank performed by other with generally accepted auditing standards by a certified external auditors (may be required by state chartering public accounting firm which submits a report on the bank authority) 2 = Independent audit of the bank's parent holding company 5 = Review of the bank's financial statements by external conducted in accordance with generally accepted auditing auditors standards by a certified public accounting firm which 6 = Compilation of the bank's financial statements by external submits a report on the consolidated holding company auditors (but not on the bank separately) 7 = Other audit procedures (excluding tax preparation work) 3 = Directors' examination of the bank conducted in 8 = No external audit work accordance with generally accepted auditing standards by a certified public accounting firm (may be required by state chartering authority)
(1) Includes total demand deposits and noninterest-bearing time and savings deposits. (2) Includes limited-life preferred stock and related surplus. 6